| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS GENETICALLY MODIFIED MICE": |
|
|
Epigenetic Mechanisms in Genetically Modified Mice, 2008.
A look at the effect of epigenetic mechanisms in geneticaly modified mice.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
After a general introduction into various methods of genetic engineering and the effects it can have on plants and animals, this paper describes a particular research into whey acidic protein promoters in mice as they can be used to study the RAS oncogenes in human tumors.
From the Paper
"Genetic engineering can involve different ways of manipulating genetic material in plants or animals, intending to produce different kinds of plants or animals. Among the reasons for doing so are to control for disease, alter certain characteristics, add completely new characteristics, and generally change the strain of the plant or the animal. Such experiments can be uncertain, since it is never certain what effects the manipulation of genetic material may have. Some genetic engineering has long taken place through the breeding of animals and plants for specific traits, but more recently it has been possible to make such changes at the genetic level and to produce new species virtually overnight and on a much wider basis, leading, for instance, to new crops with different characteristics from older crops of the same sort, such as higher yield, resistance to disease, the ability to repel insects, and so on. On the one hand, there have been concerns about making such changes, as if they might lead to new species that would destroy older crops, create new diseases, and so threaten the production of food or threaten human life more directly, a science fiction scenario that has not yet come to pass. Another concern, and one more difficult to refute, is these new foodstuffs may harm human life in the long run in ways not yet foreseen. Wright (2002) cites a report by a National Research Council committee that Athe most significant risk associated with animal biotechnology is the potential effect on the environment. In particular, the committee said that if engineered animals escaped into the wild, they could endanger native species@ (Wright, 2002, p. 4). No human risks were identified by this report, but it was noted that this might not prove there were none given that animal biotechnology is a new and changing field."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Crops, 2007.
This paper discusses the risks vs. the benefits of genetically modified foods.
1,371 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 45.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explores the world-wide debate about genetically modified (GM) crops and explains the advantages and disadvantages of these products. The paper looks at the regulation of genetically modified foods in the United States and Europe and how GM food growth is drawing a political backlash. The paper discusses the powerful opposition of Greenpeace to genetic engineering. The paper concludes that as long as environmental organizations generate fear and doubt among politicians, retailers and the public, it will be almost impossible for the technology to break through, despite its benefits.
Outline:
Introduction
The Science of Genetic Engineering
Genetically Modified Foods and Hunger
Genetically Modified Foods and Biodiversity
Research for the Common Good
Growth of Genetic Engineering
Greenpeace
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The world wide debate about genetically modified crops has been a heated one, pitting biological progress against environmental conservation. The genetically modified foods issue involves complex factors including politics, international trade, and social and cultural norms. Advocates of GM foods say that the increased yields and decreased price of using genetically modified seeds can help to alleviate world hunger. However, progress is being hampered by over cautious environmentalists and consumers, mostly in Europe and Japan. These wealthy areas of the world can afford to take precautions that the starving people of the world cannot, but the preference of consumers in wealthy countries of whole, natural, organic foods is influencing impoverished countries."
| |
|
Monsanto and Genetically Modified Organisms, 2004.
Looks at the role that Monsanto, a leader in the biotechnology industry, had in promoting and encouraging the use of genetically modified crops.
846 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 30.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper briefly presents some of the arguments posed for and against the use of genetically modified crops. It then discusses Monsanto's ambitious attempt at forcing genetically modified foods into the marketplace and the resulting loss of public confidence in genetically modified foods. The paper also discusses government policies concerning genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and what role activism should play regarding the use of GMOs.
From the Paper
"The question of whether genetically modified organisms are beneficial or a safety hazard has been debated continuously since the 1980s. Proponents of genetically modified foods claim that this technology reduces the amounts of herbicides and pesticides necessary to kill weeds and insects on crops, allows for the production of more nutritiously enhanced foods, and it also helps developing nations grow much needed crops that may support their populations (Lazaroff, 2000). Opponents to genetically modified foods argue that altering the natural genetic structure of plants could irreversibly change all crops through cross-pollination, could harm wildlife, or could create strains of herbicide resistant weeds that could take over entire crops, resulting in economic disasters and food shortages (Barboza, 2001)."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Foods in Africa, 2004.
This paper discusses the debate surrounding the use of genetically modified (GM) foods as food aid to African countries.
1,955 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that the debate over African nations refusing U.S. GM food aid encompasses a much larger scope than the Western debate over GM foods. The author points out that, not only must African nations consider the same human health and environmental implications of GM food as their Western counterparts, but also African countries must negotiate a minefield of political and economic concerns unique to the region. The paper states that the debate surrounding GM foods in Africa must take into consideration some uniquely African problems, including Africa's desperate need to feed its large population and the relative poverty of the African nations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background to Genetically Modified Foods and Food Aid
Arguments Supporting Genetically Modified Foods
Arguments against Genetically Modified Foods
The Pros and Cons of Genetically Modified Food Aid
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Later reports noted that Zambia's decision was influenced strongly by the UK-based BMA's fears about the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in FM foods to bacteria, and the potential for GM foods to cause allergies. Supporters of GM foods argue that the Zambia's decision was based on bad advice from the BMA. For example, the South African head of AfricaBio notes, "The American Medical Association backs GM food, as does the Royal Society in Britain, the Third World Academy of Sciences and the Food and Agriculture Organization". "
|
| Term Paper # 74284 |
temporarily unavailable
|
|
|
|
Genetically Modified Agriculture, 2005.
This paper argues that genetically modified agriculture leads to poverty in the Third World and other problems.
1,445 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, although supporters of genetically modified agriculture claim that it increases crop yield, increases the nutritional content in the food and decreases the use of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers; there are several concerns about the negative effects of this practice, especially for the Third World. The author points out that a major problem of genetically modified crops being used in the Third World is its cost for the seeds, which means that small farmers need to indenture to big firms, and, once genetically modified framing is used, soil nutrients are exhausted drastically and it becomes difficult to return to traditional farming with limited fertilizing. The paper urges that, while agricultural biotechnology is still young, the benefits and the risks of genetically modified agriculture should be considered more thoroughly especially its effect on the Third World even though this area suffers from lack of highly nutritional food.
From the Paper
"Some people, especially children, are highly allergic to certain types of foods like peanuts. According to Wesley Burks, the Chief of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, allergic reactions to genetically modified food are usually limited to the skin and respiratory tract. Symptoms include urticaria, angioedema, pharyngeal edema, wheezing, coughing, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Genetically modified foods may accidentally introduce a new allergen because modern technology makes genes possibly be introduced to totally dissimilar species, for example a cow gene can be put into a plant. Dr. Martha R. Herbert, a pediatric neurologist said that "with genetic engineering, familiar foods could become metabolically dangerous or even toxic." It is true that if the crop itself is not toxic or dangerous, it could still upset the complex biochemical networks and create new bioactive compounds or change the concentrations of those normally present."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Foods, 2006.
An essay arguing against the use of genetically modified foods.
1,413 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the economic, social and health aspects of genetically modified food and argues that left uncontrolled, genetically modified foods represent an extremely serious threat to our future. The paper points out that the issue of genetically modified food must be viewed as part of the general issue of how to control technology in a democracy and that this general issue must be addressed in terms of its moral, health, economic and social implications.
From the Paper
"The world easily produces enough food to feed everybody very well could easily feed the world's population without resorting to these technologies. Although there is currently a plethora of famine throughout the world, there is also a failure to apply current techniques. There is a general lack of infra structure (food banks, for example) and, of course, poverty. If humanity collectively drew up a serious plan to overcome famine throughout the world, genetically modified foods would be unnecessary. The claim that they are needed to feed the world is nonsense."
| |
|
Genetically Engineered & Modified Foods, 2006.
An analysis of foods that have been genetically engineered or genetically modified.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the newly discovered phenomenon of genetically engineered and genetically modified foods that are being produced, sold and consumed in the United States of America. First, the paper describes and explains this phenomenon by using media sources. Then, it discusses various media sources and the concerns and questions they have regarding genetically engineered or modified foods. Finally, the paper notes concerns that neighboring countries, in this case Mexico, have for their own people and environments.
From the Paper
"Throughout the history of the United States, science has played a large part in the foods and products that the nation's citizens consume. From new foods that are imported and incorporated into the national crop and diet, to older, standby foods that are improved or used in new or different ways, American eating and consumption has long been shaped by technology and scientific advancement. And, as such shifts and innovations have made their way into the country's fields and barns and supermarkets and onto its dinner tables, the American media has also had much to say, for good or for bad, about how science is helping or hurting the consumers that depend on and utilize such developments."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Foods, 2006.
Discusses the ethical implications, health risk and impact on the environment of genetically modified foods.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 80.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Genetically modified foods have emerged as a topic of great controversy in recent years. As agricultural technology grows by leaps and bounds, the presence of enhanced and or modified foods becomes more ubiquitous at grocery stores and on dinner tables. However, this proliferation has been met with concern by many people who fear that the new foodstuffs will have environmental ethical and human consequences that the proponents of such items are as yet dimly aware. This paper explores the environmental implications of genetically modified food.
| |
|
Should Genetically Modified Foods be Banned?, 2002.
A report on genetically modified foods and the conflicting opinions regarding their safety.
1,710 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This research demonstrates that not enough reliable evidence exists about the effects of Genetically Modified Foods to determine that they are safe. The writer claims that genetically modified foods should be banned until further testing, better evaluation methods, and valid studies on their safety and long term effects can be studied.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Problems with Testing and Assessment
Health Canada Proposal
United Nations Proposal
Environmental Concerns
False information
Withheld Information
Health Effects
Resistance to Antibiotics
New Allergens
Public Opinion
Fears
Controversy over Testing and Labeling Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Scientists claim that genetically modified foods (GMOs) can hold the key to the solution of many problems facing our world today. They have led to the development and production of new drugs, and could supply the answer on how to feed a growing population on limited space. The developers of Genetically Modified Foods report that they are completely safe and recite a list of our scientific advancements in the field in an attempt to gain public confidence. Farmers and grocery stores seem divided on the subject. Many grocery stores simply do not mention the subject as long as they are making profit. Farmers are divided and fear that if the public does not accept these new items, they will not buy them. In addition, farmers must be concerned about the long-term effects on their land. There are two sides on this issue, big business touts it as the greatest breakthrough of modern time, but skeptics are not so sure."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Food, 2001.
This paper analyzes the debate between Eastern and Western views regarding the production of genetically modified food.
1,290 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 43.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the debate between the East and West on the issue of safety on genetically modified food. The author looks at the argument concerning the food's safety, and possible effects on the human body, labeling of such products, and how the U.S. Food and Drug Administration use modified foods.
From the Paper
"The world as we know it is divided into two parts---the secular West and the cultural East. Both have different manners of living and while the West blooms in progress the East is more restricted as it looks for the morality and values behind the progress being made. In such a division controversies like genetically-engineered food bring home the difference as both the divides through the globe argue the safety of the food-albeit on different grounds. At the heart of the debate lies the argument that as yet, the effects of genetically modified crops and products on the human body are not known. However, there is no conclusive evidence of whether or not they can be harmful.."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Food, 2005.
Examines the debate surrounding the issue of genetically modified food.
1,284 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Genetic modification is the direct manipulation of the genetic makeup of organisms and is especially common within the agricultural industry. This paper shows that during recent years, the appearance of genetically modified foods in the marketplace has spawned much heated debate in the public arena regarding the ecological and human health factors. The paper explores some of these issues and examines the views of those who are pro-GM and their critics.
From the Paper
"The ISP report claims that not only have GM crops failed to increase yields or reduce herbicide and pesticide use, they have cost the United States an estimated $12 billion in farm subsidies, lost sales and product recalls due to transgenic contamination (Independent pp). Moreover, in India, massive failures in "Bt cotton" are up 100 percent (Independent pp). Moreover, triple herbicide-tolerate volunteers that have combined transgenic and non-transgenic traits are now widespread in Canada, and multiple herbicide-tolerant volunteers and weeds have emerged in the United State (Independent pp)."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Foods, 2001.
This paper examines the positive and negative impacts of genetically modified food.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the many potential and proven benefits resulting from the usage of genetically modified organisms such as longer lasting and better tasting fruits and vegetables, crops that require less use of pesticides, and improved nutrient content in certain foods. The author also examines specific problems with using such organisms.
From the Paper
"The scientific and social communities are currently engaged in a heated debate about the benefits versus the risks of Genetically Modified foods. The benefits are predicted to aid the agriculture community and humans while the risks are expected to also affect the ecosystem and humans negatively. Two specific examples of GM?s?soybeans and corn---are currently in the forefront in this controversial and unresolved issue."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Foods, 2004.
A look at the effect on the environment of growing genetically modified food.
1,376 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the author's view that scientists, in their attempts to improve the quality of plants and thereby increase the world's food supply through the growth of genetically modified (GM) foods, have the potential for creating monstrous effects in the Earth?s environment, on the internal environments of the humans, and on other creatures who eat the GM food.
From the Paper
"Teitel and Wilson mention a Dutch researcher who is attempting to breed genetically engineered plants that can produce drugs and vaccines in nectar so the drugs can be ingested by eating honey. At first glance, this looks like it might not be too bad. After all, if one goes to the local health food store and asks a knowledgeable clerk what to do for springtime allergies, her or she might well recommend eating local honey. Because local honey probably contains traces of the very pollen that?s making noses run, it is supposed to have the same effect as an inoculation meant to desensitize people to those substances. So wouldn?t the Dutch researcher?s work be even better? Before anyone could answer that question, the answer to what happens if a bee or two escapes needs to be answered."
| |
|
Genetically Modified Seed, 2002.
A look at the controversy over the use of genetically modified seed.
1,713 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the concepts of genetically modified (GM) seed and the controversy that lies in the illegality of commercially growing GM seed within the European Union that hasn?t been approved by EU regulators. It uses as an example the venture between AstraZeneca Plc and the Dutch cooperative Cosun in manufacturing GM seed.
Outline:
The Corporation
The Controversy
How Did this Happen?
How Do GM Products Get Approval?
What Regulation Exists?
Where does Zeneca Agrochemicals Fit in with these Accusations?
Fallout?
Sources
From the Paper
"Regulations do exist for testing GM seed; different for the sale in both the United States and Europe. In Europe, before any genetically modified crop can be used in food, it is evaluated by an independent scientific advisory committee that reports to the EU government. Each EU member state may then examine the crop with their own expert committees. All member states then decide together and the permit comes from the state where the crop was first assessed. Any food product that is not genetically pure (within 1%) in Europe must be labeled as such.(20)"
|
|
|
