| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "ENRON CORPORATION": |
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The Enron Corporation, 2002.
An overview of the causes of the downfall of the Enron Corporation.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper is concerning liability of management in the downfall of Enron Corporation. Many different things went wrong in the downfall of the Enron Corporation beginning with the top executive as well as the accounting companies. Why? How could this have happened?
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Enron Corporation, 2002.
An insight into the Enron Corporation including an analysis of the factors that led to its collapse.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay is a close analysis of the Enron Corporation and provides a critical summary of the events that contributed to the recent economic collapse. In this paper, economics and politics are considered, as well as several news sources, and the development of the problems that contributed to the Enron collapse are discussed.
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The Enron Corporation, 2007.
The paper discusses how former employees and investors of Enron can learn from their experience.
1,401 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the series of scandals by the Enron company that involved irregular accounting procedures, bordering on fraud. The paper discusses how displaced Enron employees stood to learn from their experience. They can learn how working for a large and seemingly stable company, which promises a lot of incentives, benefits and security, is not an assurance that they will receive what the compan promises or offers. The paper concludes that the labor sector should continuously lobby for its interests in both Houses of government in response to these developments and in preparation for probable problems linked to these developments.
From the Paper
"The Enron Corporation is an American energy company formed with the merger between Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth with Kenneth Lay as Chief Executive Officer in 1985 in Omaha, Nebraska (Wikipedia 2006). It was immediately renamed into Enron and its headquarters established in Houston, Texas. Its original business lines were the transmission and distribution of electricity and gas in the United States and the development, construction and operation of power plants, pipelines and other infrastructure worldwide. But right in its first year of operation as a merger, it went into a partnership with Spectrum 7, an oil well venture, whose chairman and CEO was George W. Bush, the son of the then US Vice President George H. W. Bush. In 1998, the company opened a water sector, Azurix Corporation, but which failed to break into the water utility market and Enron would, in April of 2001, announce that it would dissolve Azurix and sell its assets (Wikipedia)."
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Enron Corporation, 2002.
This paper performs a case study and analysis of Enron.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The author incorporates strategic management, strategic competitiveness, external and internal environments, business-level strategy, competitive dynamics, corporate level strategy, international strategy, cooperative strategy, corporate governance, organizational structure, and strategic leadership in her examination of events.
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Enron and Restoring Corporate Integrity, 2002.
This paper analyzes and examines the multitude of issues related to Enron and the need to restore integrity within American business organizations.
1,731 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper shows the relationship between corporations and the general public has always been somewhat of a double-edged sword. On the one hand, individuals purchase goods and services from corporations and invest in stock in hopes of reaping financial benefits as well as stimulating economic growth. By contrast, corporations employ individuals and must also please Wall Street analysts as well as meet their own financial expectations. The paper discusses how over the past two decades, numerous high-profile corporate scandals have occurred that have weakened the public?s trust in corporations, beginning with the savings and loan scandals of the 1980 involving Charles Keating, and the insider trading and leveraged buyout scandals of the late 1980s involving Drexel Burnham and Michael Milken. During the 1990s, it seemed as if corporations could do no wrong, minting tens of thousands of millionaires (employees, executives, investors) while reporting unprecedented profits. The paper explains however, that as the accounting scandals and ensuring bankruptcies of Enron, Global Crossing, WorldCom and numerous other high-profile corporations indicate, there was much deception and smoke and mirrors behind their seemingly invincible exterior.
Part II of the paper discusses the reasons for Enron?s downfall in light of the auditing business. In Part III, Enron?s law firms? role in the collapse is outlined. Part IV reviews Enron?s lack of 401(k) diversification. Part V outlines proposals for restoring corporate integrity. Lastly, this paper concludes with proposals for restoring integrity within the American business arena.
From the Paper
"As Enron?s chief outside counsel, Vinson & Elkins billed Enron for $36 million last year, about 7% of the law firm?s revenue. (Mason). In addition to testifying before House lawmakers, Vinson & Elkins has been subpoenaed by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which also is investigating Enron. (Mason). Lawmakers in both House and Senate committees have criticized as inadequate the firm?s review of allegations Watkins raised last year. (Mason). Vinson & Elkins was tapped by Derrick, former Enron general counsel, and former Chairman Ken Lay, to conduct a limited investigation of Watkins? allegations of questionable accounting and conflicts of interest in Enron financial practices. (Mason). Watkins maintained that because Vinson & Elkins had worked on some of the company?s problematic off-the-books partnerships, another firm should investigate the practice. (Mason)."
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Collapse of Enron, 2002.
Discusses whether the collapse of the Enron Corporation was the result of unrestrained capitalism.
2,508 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
Until the fortunes of Enron Corporation began to unravel in 2001, the U.S. energy giant was termed as America?s ?most innovative company? by the Fortune magazine for six straight years. When Enron filed for bankruptcy in December 2001, it shocked the global financial world and became one of the largest bankruptcies in U.S. history. The event badly shook investor confidence, accelerated the southern journey of the U.S. stock market, raised serious questions about the increasing corporate influence in governmental circles and forced new legislation about greater government regulation of businesses and their financial reporting. Debate still rages among experts and the general public alike whether the event was the result of unrestrained capitalism or simply a ?part of the genius of capitalism.? Apart from giving a brief background of the Enron scandal, this paper focuses on the question whether the Enron bankruptcy shows the danger of unrestrained capitalism. While agreeing with the contention, the paper also examines some of the counter explanations to look at the other side of the picture.
From the Paper
"According to a suit filed by Enron?s shareholders in April 2002, senior bank officers from institutions such as Citigroup, J.P. Morgan Chase, Merrill Lynch, Bank of America, Lehman Brothers, Credit Suisse First Boston, and others created enormous, illicit profits from their collaboration with Enron. The profits were allegedly made not just for the institutions and banks, but for senior banking executives themselves who made large personal fortunes themselves. This explains why some of the smartest financiers in America failed to blow the whistle while Enron was committing financial irregularities galore."
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Enron, 2007.
Discussion of the Enron Corporation's corruption, including who was responsible.
1,496 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a background of Enron's corruption, tracing the corporation's history and looking at who is to blame for its ultimate lack of ethics. The paper describes how Enron went from a corporate culture that promoted ethical behavior to one that emphasized cleverness and skill. The author further discusses how this outlook eventually lead to the company's downfall. The writer believes Enron's leaders dictated the company's outcome through their own actions of unethical behavior. The author concludes with a personal approach of how one could react as an Enron employee.
Outline:
Background
Who are the Stakeholders?
Who is Responsible?
Penalties
References Cited
From the Paper
"The stock shareholders are the main stakeholders. That does not mean, however, that the books should be illegally manipulated. Shareholders "hold" faith in the company executives that they will do their best, ethically and legally, to produce the best results. Yet shareholders also know that stocks can and do go down; there is risk involved. The other main stakeholders are the employees, who were hit twice by losing their stock and their jobs. "
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Enron: Applying Business Principles, 2006.
A look at Enron, it's corporate climate and the reasons for the company's downfall.
2,680 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the business principles related to the corporate climate at Enron including principles of ethics, leadership and corporate culture. This paper also analyzes the reasons why Enron failed, with the company engaging in flagrant corruption that flies in the face of international business morals and values.
Contents:
Introduction
Overview: The Fall of Enron
Chain of Command and Management Style at Enron
Managerial Ethics and Enron
Corporate Culture
Conclusions
From the Paper
"The organizational culture of Enron changed under Kenneth Lay's guidance and that of his cohort Jeffery Sklling, who together created a culture that supported the idea "do it right, do it now and do it better" (Sims, 2003: 148). The culture at Enron might best be described as a monoculture, supportive of a particular breed of top-notch executive rather than a heterogeneous or diverse culture supporting open democracy and freethinking. The centralized leadership style at Enron further acted to support a lack of diversity and burden on employees. Many have described the corporate culture that existed under Lay as innovative and competitiveness, where "employee enjoyed autonomy IF they produced quarterly results" (Fox, 2003). Top leaders began recruiting associates from top schools and looking for prestigious talents (Thomas, 2002). Workers were rewarded with amazing perks including concierge privileges and merit bonuses (Thomas, 2002). Among the "bright hirings" during the 1990s included Andrew Faston, who became CFO of the company in 1998 (Thomas, 2002). Enron's internal culture however soon took on a "dark tone" when a performance review committee was established enforcing a 360 performance review process based on Enron's morals and mission. These included "respect, integrity, communication and excellence" otherwise known as RICE (Thomas, 2002). Cultural diversity was not encouraged; rather all employees were encouraged to be the same bright and clever, innovative and daring.
Most associates however began feeling too much pressure and felt that they were judged on the profits they brought into the company rather than the values outlined in the RICE (Thomas, 2002). The practice of posting earnings was common in the company. The worse people's profits margins were the more likely they were to be downsized, thus internal competition in the organization was fierce. "Immediate gratification was prized above long-term potential" (Thomas, 2002) suggesting that top officials did not care much for long term relationships as they did for immediate profits."
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The Enron Scandal, 2004.
A look at the collapse of the Enron Corporation from an accounting perspective.
1,708 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the reasons for the Enron debacle, the ethical issues involved, and how Enron was able to hide its precarious financial position from the public until the very end. It discusses how the meteoric rise and fall of Enron Corporation is a classic example of how market euphoria in times of an extended bull-run, individual greed, conflict of interest, disregard for ethical business, and unrelenting focus on increasing share value can combine to spell disaster.
Outline
Enron?s Birth: The Beginning of the End?
Enron?s Risky Operations
Ethical Issues
Raptor Oddities
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During the times when Enron was making huge profits due to highly volatile energy prices, and there was widespread perception about the unlimited potential of online trade and technology innovations such as the broadband, things looked very rosy for the company. In the late 1990s, however, other energy companies such as Dynergy, Duke Energy, and El Paso started to enter the field of energy trading and the competition started to eat into the huge profit margins of Enron. Other factors such as falling energy prices in early 2001, the approaching world-wide recession and the broadband bubble burst began to work against Enron?s ?dream? run. The company, in the meantime, had embarked on a culture of cutting trading deals that had a momentum of its own that was hard to stop."
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The Lessons of Enron, 2006.
This paper details the events that led up to the collapse of Enron that affected not only its employees and shareholders, but also the global economy.
2,388 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper examines the sudden collapse of Enron. Enron's downfall forced both ordinary citizens and their political representatives to step back and take a long, hard look at precisely what had been happening behind closed doors. This paper explores the history of Enron, which quickly became one of the world's largest private generators and suppliers of power. The corporation's success was based largely on the work of Jeffrey Skilling and Ken Lay, who were experts at cultivating an upstanding public image. This paper describes how the high ranking execs at Enron frequently helped themselves to huge amounts of judiciously manipulated stocks and then sold them for a profit just before the inevitable disaster. The writer details the events that led to Enron's collapse which began in 2001, when Sharon Watkins, a company vice-president noticed something was wrong with the company's accounting system. Enron had clawed its way up the corporate ladder by engaging in what was essentially an exceedingly risky venture. By offering to guarantee future prices in the natural gas market, the corporation was taking on a potentially enormous financial burden. Enron was able to mask its losses by removing them from the company's books. This paper explores how the misconduct of Enron and other corporations such as Anderson and Worldcom, hurts more than just their employees, customers and shareholders, they also hurt the global economy.
From the Paper
"Enron did all it could to cultivate an upstanding public image. In 1997, the energy supplier was one of a small number of companies each of which donated more than one million dollars to the Nature Conservancy. In regard to the Kyoto Accords that were being negotiated at this time, Enron planned to benefit in two ways. By supporting the Accords, Enron was placing itself on the good side of the environmentalist public, while at the same time endorsing a document that severely limited the use of coal in energy production. Since Enron dealt only in natural gas, coal would have been competition. Though a praiseworthy idea at the time, the company's willingness to bend regulations to its own purposes might have given cause for alarm. Ken Lay and Jeff Skilling were not only innovative, but they were also increasingly creative when it came to figuring out ways to make money, and to expand Enron's horizons."
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The Enron Scandal, 2003.
This paper reviews the ethical issues of the Enron scandal.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Enron Corporation scandal and assesses behaviors within the context of ethical principles. The author points out Enron's deceptive practices in the trading of energy market. The paper applies the views of Mill, Aristotle and Kant to Enron activities.
From the Paper
"Over a span of several years, high-level executives at the Enron Corporation, essentially an energy distribution form, engaged in a complex set of financially-oriented behaviors designed to deceive customers, government ..."
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Corporate Social Responsibility, 2005.
Uses the Enron case to examine the social responsibility of corporations.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The case study is a close synopsis of the Enron case and its impact on consumers and corporate business practices alike. Prior to its collapse, Enron had been named one of America's top 10 admired corporations. Throughout the 1990s the company experienced tremendous growth and profits exceeding $180 billion, employing more than 30,000 people worldwide. Enron collapsed however and went bankrupt, a process that impacted stakeholders and resulted in numerous congressional investigations. This paper shows how the collapse of Enron wreaked havoc on the accounting industry like no other case in American history and called into question the adequacy of U.S. disclosure practices and the integrity of independent audit processes.
From the Paper
"The shareholders were very much affected by the Enron scandal. Ken Lay, the chief executive chairman of Enron profited off of shareholders by "pocketing millions of dollars from offloaded shares over the period of a few short years" (Veryard, 2004). Employees and other stakeholders in the company lost a majority of their life savings that had been allocated in Enron shares. People who had built up years of retirement funds found themselves without anything once the scandal broke. The moral injustice of the situation is inexcusable. "
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Corporate Ethics, 2007.
This paper examines British Petroleum's (BP) code of conduct.
1,493 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how scandals at formerly reputable corporations such as Enron have sullied the corporate image for the public and major shareholders. The paper explains that one of the greatest weapons that corporations have developed to deal with these new circumstances is the corporate code of ethics, or code of conduct. The paper explores the existing code of conduct currently being used at British Petroleum (BP). The paper demonstrates how this provides an interesting glimpse into the effects and difficulties of implementing codes of ethics in the corporate setting.
From the Paper
"At its most basic, a code of ethics is a "management tool for establishing and articulating the corporate values, responsibilities, obligations, and ethical ambitions of an organization and the way it functions." Simply put, a code of ethics amounts to a written record of a corporation's policies. Sometimes this can amount to a few sentences that describe the loose corporate values employees should keep in mind when faced with an ethical dilemma like integrity or honesty. In more extreme cases--usually limited to larger corporations--detailed descriptions will be provided for the appropriate ethical response to moral quandaries employees might face in the workplace."
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Corporate Governance in Australia, 2003.
A look at the recent corporate disasters and what action is needed by management to ensure effective and appropriate corporate behaviour.
2,306 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 28 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this essay is to examine the level of involvement needed by directors, management and major shareholders in establishing and continuously encouraging effective corporate governance practices. Further, the role for legislation and regulation in supplementing and strengthening such practices is also discussed. The paper makes reference to corporate disasters experienced by corporations such as Enron, HIH Insurance, WorldCom, AMP, Harris Scarfe and One.Tel, which have all drawn great attention to the issue of corporate governance and how corporations are controlled, managed and regulated.
From the Paper
"Corporate failures, such as WorldCom and the HIH collapse, have deprived millions of company employees and shareholders of their lifetime savings and retirement benefits (Shang, 2003). Some have argued for greater legislation (Dallas & Bradley, 2002), while others have pointed out that corporate governance is not just about legal and regulatory compliance but rather it is about building a culture based on sound business practices, ethics (Julien & Rieger, 2003), and creating a climate of trust and honesty."
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Corporate Cleanup, 2004.
Discusses how the Enron scandal and similar events have made consumers more weary of corporations. Discusses ways law enforcement plans to deal with this change.
1,167 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the use of criminal prosecution for the purpose of cleaning up corporate America. The writer uses several examples of criminal prosecution in large corporations to provide evidence of the trend. The writer also discusses the federal government?s stance on corporate crime.
From the Paper
"The Enron scandal made news around the world and shocked many who used to believe that corporate heads could be trusted. While the Enron scandal was sensational it was not the first instance of corporate crime nor was it the last. For many years corporate crime has been considered a lesser offense than other crimes. It has been tagged white collar crime for several generations and the prisons which hold the rarely prosecuted offenders are more like country clubs than prisons. In more recent years, given the magnitude and far reaching affects of scandals like Enron the American public has demanded accountability, not only on the part of those who commit the crime but from those who make the decision whether or not to prosecute those involved. Given the current economic climate in the nation concern has grown regarding corporate crime. If Americans are going to see a reduction in crime at the corporate level, it will have to support criminal prosecution as the most common weapon against it."
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