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Employee Participation and TQM, 2004.
This paper analyzes five professional journal articles, which support the idea that employee participation and empowerment are essential to the future success of TQM (Total Quality Management).
1,105 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that one of the articles by Foster-Fishman and Keys explains that participatory management is becoming more common because innovative service delivery and staff empowerment are becoming increasingly important in management. The paper examines the article, ?Employee Empowerment: Solution to a Burgeoning Crisis?, which states that a model for employee empowerment and participation can be taken from the Japanese government because the Japanese government works in tandem with corporate leaders to set a ?growth agenda?, in which management takes on a ?paternalistic attitude? to labor. Another article,?Empowerment as a Workplace Strategy in Small Business?, explains that by using employee empowerment and participation, small businesses gain a competitive advantage, prosper, and remain competitive. It also discusses how empowerment, as defined by the article, includes authorization of employees to take an active role in development and maintenance of employee functions within the workplace.
From the Paper
"In this particular instance, the employee empowerment initiative occurred within a public bureaucracy, where typically efforts to empower employees fail due to strict cultural features. Empowerment, defined by this article represents ?the process of gaining influence over events and outcomes of importance to an individual or group?. According to the article, the primary purpose of adopting an empowerment model was to enhance employee?s perceived control over their lives, and subsequently affect work outcome. The article pointed out however, that the overall initiative to introduce employee participation and empowerment failed, though some employees were left feeling more ?empowered.? "
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Employee Participation, 1992.
Examines corporate organization, operations and economics, focusing on employee stock ownership.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"Companies can be organized in a variety of different ways: corporations, partnerships and proprietorships. In addition, there are many different levels at which employees can participate in the day-to-day operations of an organization. Some companies maintain a simple employer-employee relationship in which workers receive compensation only for the jobs they do and in which profits are retained or distributed to the company's owners. Other companies provide some type of ownership through stock, while still other companies share the risk and benefit of the organization with employees. This research examines various ways in which companies can be organized, with particular emphasis on employees stock ownership plans (ESOPs). The perspectives of management and prospective employees are both considered."
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Increased Federal Employee Participation, 1997.
Examines effectiveness of programs seeking quality improvement, cultural diversity, union-management cooperation, networking and mentoring.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"Increased employee participation is an area of significant work change that has occurred in federal government service in the last ten years. Increased participation positively influences organizational achievement. The federal government has used two strategies to accomplish this objective: total quality management programs (TQM) and the management of cultural diversity.
TQM is a management philosophy that focuses on improving the quality of a company's products and services and stresses that all company operations should be oriented toward this goal. Developed by a number of American consultants, including W. Edwards Deming, the concept was embraced by the Japanese and partially credited with turning around that country's post-World War II economy. Since the early 1980s TQM practices have spread..."
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Worker Participation in Company Profit-Sharing and Management, 2002.
Discusses the problems for employers and employees that are associated with worker participation of profit-sharing and management.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 15 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The tone of this paper will be a mix of formal and first person. An attempt will be made to justify my position by first focusing on how the present scenario stands with regards to such participation, what are the causes that underlie it, and what makes the issue a problematic one for both employers and employees.
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Employee Training and Development, 1999.
Examines purpose, benefits to the employee and company, improving performance, adult education, employee participation and leadership models.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, $ 87.95
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From the Paper
"EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
Introduction
Training and development has become a $30 billion profession. Annually 15 million employees participate in 17 million courses, and one out of every eight workers attends a formal training course (Chakiris & Rolander, as cited in Knowles, 1998, p. 227). The training of employees at all levels is important to companies, both in terms of increasing performance (and profits) and the costs incurred.
In Defense of Employee Training and Development
Management, generally speaking, is in agreement as to the goal: the focus should be on increasing the performance require-ments of the company through the development of its work force. However, some management professionals believe that a company should focus on ..."
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Technology, Democratic Participation and Community Building, 2002.
Examines the impact of information and communication technologies on democratic participation and community building.
1,983 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 60 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are purported by many to increase democratic participation and build communities. To analyze this supposition, the paper first defines democratic participation and community building in the context of ICTs. Specifically, it reviews literature on 1) enhancing strong democracy 2) revitalizing sense of community and 3) increasing social capital. In section two, the paper then presents cases that illustrate the arguments for and against these claims. In the third and final section, the paper summarizes the potentials and limitations of using ICTs to build communities and increase participation. Finally, it makes policy recommendations for realizing the empowering capabilities for democratic participation and community building of ICTs.
From the Paper
"To reach the possibilities afforded by these technologies, public policies must support an environment that fosters political participation and community building. It is therefore important that the public interest notion that is integrated into existing telecommunications policies not be overwritten with notions of economic efficiency as the basis for public interest (Horwitz, Robert Britt, 1989). As Schaefer (1995) indicates, privatizing the evolving network infrastructure for ICTs undermine the network's long-range potential to encourage citizen-to-citizen discussion of public issues (Schaefer, Richard J., 1995). Similarly, equitable access to ICTs through all strata of society is necessary for pluralist discussions to take place online."
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Voter Participation in Canada, 2005.
This paper discusses the participation of voters in Canada.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines voter participation in Canada. The writer looks at the reasons why voter participation in Canada has declined. The writer describes various factors that contribute to the decline. Further, the writer discusses what could be done to increase voter participation in the future.
From the Paper
"Most certainly the level of voter participation in Canada has deteriorated over time. Of equal concern however is that among the G nations Canada has dropped from near to the top to near to the bottom with respect to voter participation refer to Chart on the following page Expanding the scope of nations Canada's voter participation appears... "
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Public Participation, 2004.
A critical analysis of public participation and the constitution of 'publics'.
1,184 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an exploratory, observational analysis of the notion of being part of a public and the influence public participation has on the development of the constitution of publics. More specifically the paper assesses the following: (1) What the nature of shared conditions, interests and purposes are within society, (2) How these commonalities create an awareness of forming a public action and (3) The extent to which public participation influences society as a whole. The paper also examines how technology has influenced public participation in recent years and changed the constitution of publics.
Outline
Introduction
Significance of Study
Preliminary Literature Review
Methodology
References
From the Paper
"The nature of public participation with regard to publics has been analyzed by many in recent years. Warner comments that as citizens all people are the subjects of publicity, regardless of their culture, race, gender or class, and by participating in any public discourse bring with them an interpretation of events as they relate to oneself; people will adapt themselves to conform to a certain constitution even if they are themselves rather abstract and separate from them (Warner, 2002; Cowell, 2003)."
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Sports Participation, 2005.
A research study examining the relationship between participation in sports and self-esteem.
1,596 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This research paper examines the impact sports participation has on self- esteem and a student's sense of self-worth. In particular, this study seeks to determine whether or not a relationship exists between high self-esteem and sports participation, particularly among high school and collegiate students. The paper examines the hypothesis that participation in sports during high school and collegiate years contributes to improved self-esteem. The researcher of the paper combines qualitative analysis of the research with quantitative field examination to prove or disprove this hypothesis.
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Methods
Results
Discussion/Conclusions
From the Paper
"There have been numerous studies in recent years that have attempted to evaluate the effects of exercise and sports on one's well being. The results of many of these studies have been controversial. It is important for the medical community and for individuals working with students and the population at large to understand the relationship that exists between sports participation and self esteem. Numerous correlations studies have suggested that a relationship does exist between self esteem and sports."
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Political Participation in Democracies, 2007.
This paper examines the significance of the decline of political participation of individuals in Western Democracies.
1,014 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews scholarly materials pertaining to the decline of political participation of individuals in Western Democracies and reveals that it appears that there is less interest in political aspects of society by those born after the year 1970. The paper reveals various causes for this apathy. The paper concludes that while it is certain that no individual can or should be forced to participate in political and civic events in their community, it is certain that schools and communities have a very important responsibility in educating its citizens as to the critical importance of political and civic participation in a democracy.
From the Paper
"Habermas goes on to state that this institutional design is one that "embodies ideas from different political philosophies." Habermas explains that each of the traditions of democracy "gives a different weighting to equal liberties for everybody, democratic participation and government by public opinion." The point made by Habermas is that "government by public opinion" is a necessary ingredient for a working democracy whether it be governed by the Democratic democracy or the Republican democracy."
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Employee Perceptions and Empowerment, 2002.
Examines the relationships among employees' work perceptions of expectations, opportunities, fulfillment and performance.
25,550 words (approx. 102.2 pages), 186 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the area of consumer food marketing which has been an unresearched area in the realm of empowerment and employee perceptions. The purpose of the research is to determine the relationships among the study variables of opportunity, fulfillment, expectations and performance, since these factors are related to perceptions of empowerment in the literature, and to determine if these factors varied by age, income and marital status in a sample of 224 participants. This problem is studied through the use of the Work Perceptions Profile, a survey devised, tested and validated by Pace and Mills (1990). Data in the paper is analyzed by correlational and chi square statistics to answer the research questions regarding variable correlational relationships and effects of demographics (age, income, marital status).
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Employee Perceptions to Empowerment
Statement of the Problem
Background of the Study
Theoretical Support
Definition of Terms
Significance of the Study
Scope, Delimitations, & Limitations
Research Questions
Summary
Literature Review
Introduction
Theoretical Models
Psychoanalytical Models
Behavioral Models
Self-Efficacy Models
Models of Motivation
Empowerment
Job Characteristics and Job Design
Research Study and Design
Job Satisfaction
Career Self-Efficacy
Life Styles and Marital Status
Summary
Methodology
Research Methods
Population and Sample
Instrumentation
Procedures
Data Analysis
Limitations
Results
Study Background
Findings
Corollaries of Age and Income
Opportunities for Growth
Perceptions of Fulfillment
Perceptions of Advancement
Perceptions of Performance
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions
Implications
Limitations
Recommendations
Researcher Note
References
From the Paper
"Literature on empowerment shows the subject has been approached mainly from an end-state perspective or has focused on a single dimension. Relevant literature can generally be grouped into result orientation. Successful cases on empowerment studies includes (Berman, 1995; Burbidge, 1995) study on operational orientation, which focuses on empowerment through delayering, involving, establishing commitment, teaming and intervening (Bogg, 1995; Lashley, 1995b; Nixon, 1994; Osborne, 1994). Empowerment has been studied from the perspective of trait orientation, characterized by preconditions of control and power, trust and inclusion, accountability, honesty and risk-taking (Anfuso, 1994; Foster-Fishman & Keys, 1995). Another study on empowerment focused mainly on individual orientation, which included personal feeling, personal power, self-determination and cognitive variables of empowerment (Baird, 1994; Fulford & Enz, 1995; Spreitzer, 1995). In-depth investigation of a single dimension may provide a useful perspective, yet, at the implementation level, such an approach does not reflect adequately the complex sets of variables involved. Zimmerman (1990) commented that an overly individualistic conception of empowerment might limit one's understanding of the environmental influences, organizational factors, or social, cultural and political contexts. As organizations have striven to become more competitive, many have overlooked a critical element-the overall framework that could turn empowerment from a nice concept to a competitive advantage. Those employees? perception of expectations, opportunities, fulfillment and performance when factored into the organization?s culture, could determine if these variables impact an employee?s perception of empowerment. The culture of the organization could increase employee loyalty which would increase employment longevity and reducing the attrition rate."
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Preschool Participation, 2002.
A research study showing the influence of preschool participation on educational outcomes in kindergarten.
3,908 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
As young children are increasingly enrolled in various forms of non-parental education outside of the home, there has been a growing interest since the 1960s in determining the degree to which preschool programs influence children?s learning, development and later educational outcomes. A particular concern raised by those interested in the influences of preschool participation focuses on the degree to which inequalities in early care and education may be responsible for much of the inequality in later educational outcomes within the U.S. On the basis of the ongoing questions that have emerged regarding the benefits of preschool, this research report addresses and clarifies the influence of preschool on educational success in kindergarten. In addition, the research identifies factors that have been found to influence the degree to which preschool participation impacts successful educational outcomes in kindergarten. Factors under consideration are child characteristics, program characteristics and social/environmental characteristics. The study is conducted via the use of the heuristic research method in which six studies were examined for the purposes of determining the association between preschool and educational outcomes in kindergarten.
From the Paper
"Similar findings were reported by Campbell, Pungello, Miller-Johnson, Burchinal & Ramey (2001) in their study of the Abecedarian Project. The study was initiated more than twenty years ago and has followed over one hundred low-income children from infancy to young adulthood. As reported by the researchers, of the 111 infants originally involved in the study, 57 were assigned to an early intervention child care program and 54 received care in some other setting. Each child in the early intervention program had an individualized program of educational activities which was designed to enhance social, emotional, and cognitive development. Children in the program received at least five years of this specialized care until they left the program for kindergarten. On the basis of ongoing measurement, the researchers reported that children who participated in the intervention program had higher cognitive test scores from the toddler years through the age of 21, as well as higher academic achievement in reading and math from the primary grades through young adulthood".
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Participation of Working Adults in Educational Programs, 2001.
An examination of possible institutional barriers to participation of working adults in educational programs.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 27 sources, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the characteristics of mature students and the possible barriers that might prevent the participation of mature students in educational programs. The paper then looks at how these barriers and characteristics may affect attrition and persistence.
From the Paper
"For the first time, demographics of American society are such that adults outnumber those under 18, and those adults are older. In 1987, for the first time, Americans over 65 outnumbered those under 25 (Speak and Mocker, 1989). Partly due to age progression and partly due to socio-cultural or environmental influences, individuals over the course of their life span are repeatedly confronted by a series of challenges to their current identity or developmental status that require some form of response (Rogers, 1989). Depending on the interest, motivation and orientation toward achievement of the particular individual, he/he may choose either to advance their personal development or decline to do so and remain with the status quo."
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Voter Participation in Canada, 2005.
A look at the problem of democratic voter participation in Canada.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 2 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how the problem of global economics and legislative participation by Canadian citizens has been decreasing voter turnout in recent elections. It discusses how the global economy has brought a greater power by corporation over politicians, which goes against democratic principles of government. It shows that by creating more local community based organizations, one can realize the power of educators and universities to create outreach programs for voter awareness.
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Native American Participation in the Vietnam Conflict, 1998.
An argumentative paper about the contributions and participation of Native Americans in the Vietnam War and their mistreatment.
3,265 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 7 sources, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the Native Americans who fought in Vietnam. The author stresses the Native American participation in nearly all America's wars and the important role that they have played in American history arguing that their appreciation and recognition has been ignored.
From the Paper
"Native American participation in the Vietnam War has been greatly ignored. Not much is mentioned about Native American participation in the Vietnam War. Why is this? It is not as if Native American participation in America?s wars is something new. Ever since the days of the Revolutionary War, the United States has sought the help of Native American allies. Later, in the Civil War Native Americans were highly sought by both sides, the north and the south. Basically in every war the United States has participated in, so have Native Americans. Even after the conflicts that have come between the U.S. and Native Americans, the U.S. armed services received contributions in its war efforts from Native Americans. Native Americans have always seemed to have been ready and willing to go to war."
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