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Empirical Business Research, 2007.
This paper discusses the use of empirical business research methods especially SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, when Bill Gates and Paul Allen were forming their competitive software company Microsoft, they examined the products and business methods of IBM Corporation upon which to base their own company. The author points out that this method of business research is called empiricism, which is the gaining of knowledge based on experience. The paper relates that empiricism was based on the ancient Greek philosophers' belief that learning was based on experience not theory. The author describes SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) as a method of empirical research and thinking inside a business that can help the organization make rational decisions for particular actions to rival its competition. The paper includes several examples from specific companies such as McDonald's and Ford.
From the Paper
"With the experience gathered from the competing company, you can set your own objectives based on the knowledge gained from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of other businesses. This allows for informed decisions to rival the competing company. Another standpoint about a SWOT analysis is that the results have to come from multiple perspectives. This means that the results of the SWOT analysis have to be repeated in order to ensure the quality of the SWOT. This idea ties into Charles Sanders Peirce's philosophy of pragmatism."
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The Roman Empire vs The Chinese Empire, 2001.
This paper examines the similarities and differences between the Roman Empire and the Chinese Empire.
1,005 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper is a detailed comparison of the Roman Empire and the Chinese Empire. The author shows how the imperial dynasties of Han and Qin along with the classical empire of Rome offered their people a combination of protection against external enemies and an infrastructure that was far more functional than individual cities or regions would have been able to provide for themselves. This paper describes the reign of all three of these dynasties and their effect on their people as well as world history.
From the Paper
"While it is difficult to make any general statement that can cover the political and cultural complexities of the Roman Empire along with the Han and Qin dynasties in China because they were sufficiently different from each other as well as being possessed of substantial internal diversity. And yet, even given the range of institutions and ideals that the three cultures exemplified, there are some commonalties that strike the observer from the vantage point of the 21st century. The primary one of these is that neither the Chinese empire nor the Roman one could have extended its reach as far as it did in geographic terms, had as great a control over its subjects' personal lives as it did, nor ruled for such a long period of time had not the ruling house combined a high degree of bureaucratic efficiency with a depiction of the imperial family that was at least semi-divine."
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The Byzantine Empire: The First Christian Empire, 1986.
Overview of the rise & decline of the Byzantine Empire, the first Christian Empire. Discusses rulership of Constantine & Justinian and describes church architecture & symbolic purposes.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
"The first Christian Empire in the world was that of the Byzantine Empire founded by Constantine in 330 A.D. The Byzantine Empire started with the division of the Roman empire into East and West factions, with the eastern provinces becoming the Byzantine Empire. When the Roman Emperor Constantine was converted to Christianity, he moved the governing center from Rome to the city of Byzantium, made Christianity the state religion, and created a state that had a profound effect on the social life and outlook of the people. The first moves toward splitting up the Roman Empire had been made by Constantine's uncle, the Emperor Diocletian, who thought that the problems with the empire were related to having too much territory to the east and north out of direct control (Wenzel, 1965: pp. 11-13). The separation did not take place immediately but over a generation or so and would last for more (...)"
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Empirical Formula, 2002.
A laboratory report using an empirical formula to find a compound created inside the crucible.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
he paper is written in the form of a laboratory report. The purpose of the experiment was to use an empirical formula in order to find a compound which has been created inside a crucible. The paper shows the procedure in which the experiment was done as well as its outcome. Flow charts, tabulated results and mathematical calculations are also included in the paper.
From the Paper
"The importance of safety precautions is extremely important in trying to maintain a safe and healthful research environment. When working with all extremely hot metals with your hands, gloves should be worn at all times. The temperatures of these metals or ?hot objects? absorb heat and could cause damage to the skin if touched. Without the use of gloves, hands can be severely burnt. One mistake or foolish act could cause much pain and suffering to students in the laboratory. People who do not handle hot objects carefully can get their nerves burnt off on their finger tips and could possibly never feel again. It is not worth taking a risk of not using gloves when applicable. Everyone wants to be safe in the laboratory so it is important to be aware and cautious. A safe laboratory is a safe life."
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Empirical Testing In the Forward Market, 2002.
This paper discusses the empirical evidence on efficiency of forward rates in the foreign exchange market.
5,150 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 187.95
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Abstract
There is a strong justification for this ongoing discord. For, policy makers in their various capacities must assess the performance of several alternative international financial systems. The crux of the confusion can be witnessed in the tough debate on fixed vs. flexible exchange rates. Moreover, it is for this reason that most governments have chosen hybrid exchange rates. From this it follows that, because the actions of government policy makers are often anyone's guess, the prediction of forward rates must be an inherently unpredictable issue. This paper moves to look further into the issue and highlight the available research conducted on empirical testing on the forward rate. In the final analysis, it is revealed that in an efficient market, forward rates are not necessarily unbiased predictors of forward rates. (Though it must be noted that, since conditional covariance can vary through time, it follows that the nature of the bias in the forward rate can also be time varying.) The paper will begin with a brief look at the capricious character of the foreign exchange market.
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An Empirical Study on Flypaper Effect, 2003.
This paper deals with ?flypaper effect?, that is, the asymmetric effect of income-grants on local public expenditures.
3,088 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper tests flypaper effect empirically using real expenditure data in state of Iowa and Georgia using the popular empirical expenditure specification. As a result of estimation, the writers finds that Iowa has the obvious flypaper effect, while Georgia does not. Section I is an introduction of the concepts at hand. Section II presents how flypaper effect leads to expansion effect on government expenditures graphically. Section III reviews traditional and current empirical literature on flypaper effect. Section IV simplifies the estimated expenditure function in order to show flypaper effect in Iowa and Georgia using 1990 data set. Section V investigates somewhat puzzling results in Georgia based on derivation of elasticities of expenditure with regard to income and intergovernmental grants. Section VI contains the summary and conclusion.
From the Paper
"I. Introduction In providing a rationale for the observation that an increase in lump-sum governmental aid effects a larger increase in local government expenditures than an equivalent increase in residential incomes does, economists have offered the explanations for the so-called ?flypaper effect? of state and local public finance. This paper aims to test flypaper effect empirically using 1990?s expenditure data in state of Iowa and Georgia. According to Bocherding and Deacon (1982), Bergstrom and Goodman (1983), the popular empirical expenditure specification in local public finance is ln E = b0 + b1 In M + b2 ln TS + b3 ln(TS * A) + b4 ln N + b5 ln D + v, where E is total general expenditure, M is median household income, TS is tax share, which property tax divided by gross property tax base, A is an intergovernmental aid receipts from federal and state government, N is jurisdiction population, D is population density, and v is a stochastic error. Since model specification is log-linear form, b coefficients show an elasticity of expenditure with regard to the corresponding explanatory variables. Interestingly, the estimated expenditure functions of Georgia and Iowa, respectively, have a crucial difference of their coefficients of governmental aids and incomes. In case of Iowa, it is easy to show ?flypaper effect? since b3(0.77) is larger than b1(0.29). However, in Georgia, b3(0.19) is smaller than b1(0.28), suggesting that the effect of money income on expenditure is greater than that of aids. It is a contradiction of ?flypaper effect? in Georgia. In order to verify the puzzling results in Georgia, this paper scrutinizes b coefficient. Since b1 and b3 represents an elasticity of expenditure with regard to income and intergovernmental aid, respectively, the more information on the means for county data in Georgia is needed for verifying flypaper effect. As a result of derivation, Georgia also has the significant flypaper effect as well as Iowa does. The discussion is organized as follows. Section II presents how flypaper effect leads to expansion effect on government expenditures graphically. Section III reviews traditional and current empirical literatures on flypaper effect. Section IV simplifies the estimated expenditure function in order to show flypaper effect in Iowa and Georgia using 1990 data set. Section V investigates somewhat puzzling results in Georgia based on derivation of elasticities of expenditure with regard to income and intergovernmental grants. Section VI contains the summary and conclusion. "
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Demographics and Financial Asset Returns (Empirical), 2004.
A look at the correlation between asset returns on stocks or bonds and the age dependency ratio.
4,650 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the effects of an aging population on financial asset (stocks and bonds) returns in the U.S. for the post-World War II period. The first part of the paper provides a brief review of demographic changes that will confront a selected country during the next half century. The next part presents a review of the empirical literature on demographics and financial asset demands. Next, the paper develops a conceptual framework for analyzing how an aging population triggered by falling birth rates and rising life expectancies affects the demand for financial assets. A discussion of the ideal data set and an outline of the challenges that arise in estimating how population aging will alter aggregate demand follows. Next, the paper builds up the actual models used in this paper and discusses actual data and proxies. Finally, the paper presents new findings and tests empirically the relation between aging and asset returns in the U.S. The conclusion summarizes the main findings and notes areas for future study.
Outline
The Demographic Transition in the U.S. and Other Nations
Theoretical Background and Literature Review
Conceptual Model
Ideal Data
Actual Model
Results and Analysis
From the Paper
"Sell? Sell to whom? This dilemma might haunt the Baby Boomers in the next century as they attempt to unload their assets to pay for retirement. The rising number of middle-aged workers today is the direct result of the Baby Boom generation, those born in roughly the two decades following World War II. It is this high working population ratio, which has often been identified as an important factor for rises in productivity (see Shimer (1998)). As these boomers age, they will have profound social and economic implications for much of the developed world. The large increase in the ratio of retired workers to those in the labor force during the next three decades will place substantial strains on public pension programs. Just in the U.S. anticipated social security expenditures will outstrip income by 2020. In many other developed nations the fiscal prospect is even more daunting than it is in the United States."
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Roman Empirical Portraiture, 2001.
A discussion and comparison of various Roman stone portraits.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 8 sources, $ 45.95
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Empirical Data and Reading Comprehension Studies, 2005.
A look at how educational reform measures are focusing on the development of understanding, reasoning, and problem solving skills.
2,818 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and discusses several different studies on the cognitive skills of students and how best to improve students' understanding of technical questions related to problem solving strategies and the generation of hypotheses.
From the Paper
"In research conducted by Graesser, Olde & Lu (2000), students first read an illustrated text, then were given a breakdown scenario, and then generated questions. The participants read six illustrated texts on everyday devices such as a cylinder lock, an electronic bell and a car temperature gauge. The participants also completed an objective test on their deep understanding of the devices. After completing the question-asking task, they were given a comprehension test, and completed tests of cognitive ability and personality. The students were instructed to think aloud or to ask questions while they troubleshoot possible faults that explained the breakdown. The most accurate measure of deep comprehension was the device comprehension score. The mean score was 23.5 out of 36 questions. Graesser et. al. hypothesized that the device comprehension scores would show a high positive correlation with the questions that were asked during the device comprehension and question quality."
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The Mongolian Empire, 2004.
This paper analyzes the Mongolian Empire as the most successful empire in history, using the Conrad-Demarest model of empire.
1,085 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Mongolian empire, which began about
1200 A.D., was selected as the best empire because its influential ideas and developments, horsemanship, militancy, nomadic lifestyle, leadership system, its fall and impact, make up all of the components needed to fully understand and appreciate the history of a great empire. The author points out that, in Khan?s military system, which was derived from the philosophy of Alexander the Great, Khan?s army integrated the commanders, bureaucrats, artisans, and professionals of the conquered peoples in order to produce new tastes in art, food, decoration, and clothing. The paper relates that the tremendous length of the Mongols? trade routes was directly related to their huge territorial domination and led, not only to the unification of the East and the West geographically, but also to cultural unification
From the Paper
"Under the rule of Genghis Khan, the Mongols started to dominate the world. He claimed power by saying that he was the ?universal ruler.? He basically used the Mandate of Heaven system of China, implying that he attained his power from God and he would be the ruler of the whole universe. This claim of Khan simply gives a clue on how he set up his ideology of ruling his state, eventually his empire. It seems like Khan?s role model was Alexander the Great and his Greek Empire. Though the Greeks did not have a militaristic social structure, they had the idea of focusing on the expansion of the territory followed by more trades and getting wealthier. This was the system Khan set up as well. He was perhaps one of the greatest military innovators in human history, and his army consisted of perhaps the best-trained horsemen in all of human history. Khan?s armies were incredibly mobile and could cover immense distances with numbing speed. Thus, it is clear that Khan established one of the major rules in rising of an empire: The tremendous military strength."
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The Ottoman and Mongol Empires, 2008.
A comparative analysis of the influence of the Ottoman and Mongol empires on western civilization.
1,299 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Ottoman and Mongol empires have made their mark in history as powerful empires and how their influence extended across continents and defied the traditional Western powers. It looks at how both empires overpowered countries more established and stronger that they were while they themselves were still building their own countries. The paper also discusses how the study of their influence in Europe provides social and political scientists insights into the region's historical politics, economy and society and how these two empires have served as learning models for subsequent governments to strengthen their states as well as use the very same principles to extend their own interests in the world.
Outline:
Mongol Empire
Ottoman Empire
Comparison
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Ottomans are credited for the foundation of modern international commerce. They also used embargoes and other trade based strategies to support their political and military agendas (Cox et al, 2001). The modern form of trade organizations and toll systems were based on Ottoman system of trafficking and controlling goods. The Ottoman's rise and decline were both prolonged ("Ottoman Empire", 2006). Some historian believe that one of the reasons for this that the Ottoman empire was not a looming military threat for any country and that it was more programmed to operate in a leisurely way and states were allowed to manage their affairs independently (Sicker, 2000). In its later years, it became more active internally with civil strife which eventfully disintegrated the empire ("Ottoman Empire", 2006)."
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The End of the Western Roman Empire, 2002.
An overview of the downfall of the Western Roman Empire through a review of Edward Gibbon's "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire".
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper is written about the end of the Western Roman Empire. The classic work in the field is provided by Edward Gibbon in "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire". Gibbon's essential argument was one that attributed the "fall" (the use of this term today being itself a source of controversy) to "Christianity, which he claimed had undermined the ancient warrior traditions of the Romans and, through the influence of monasticism and asceticism, turned them away from earthly things".
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Hardware Virtualization and American Businesses, 2006.
A review of computer hardware virtualization and its advantages for businesses.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 30 sources, $ 178.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the positive effects of hardware virtualization upon American businesses. Specifically, the paper concludes that the available literature is fairly unanimous in asserting that virtual hardware cuts down on server redundancy, gives organizations greater operational flexibility as it pertains to their operating systems, and ultimately saves businesses money. This paper pursues a qualitative rather than a quantitative analysis of the topic insofar as there is very little available empirical data present in the literature (at least at this time). The paper also finishes with a look at areas which should be explored in future research.
From the Paper
"Hardware virtualization has quickly emerged over the last three to four years as a major development in software technology. The following paper will explore this phenomenon by examining the qualitative data which exists on this subject at the moment. More particularly, this study is a qualitative rather than empirical assessment of the available literature and, as such, it explores the general ideas and views of business analysts, business leaders and technicians who will be - or already are - using the technology on a daily basis."
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Empires in the First Half of the 20th Century, 2008.
A comparison of imperial China and the Austro-Hungarian empire during the first half of the 20th century.
1,760 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the transformations in political structures that took place in the first part of the 20th century in China and Europe, in particular the area of Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was territorially-reconstructed after World War I. The paper points out that China was an Empire for two thousand years and Austro-Hungary was Europe's oldest great power. The paper argues that nationalism was the leading cause of the changes that took place. While imperial China stayed territorially more or less the same, its political structure changed significantly. The Austro-Hungarian Empire on the other hand ceased to exist, and the Empire collapsed, much like most European Empires at the time, giving birth to new nations and various forms of governments. Noting the general trend of change in both China and Europe, the paper concludes that, as empires crumbled, they were replaced by several forms of governments ranging from democracies to totalitarian regimes.
From the Paper
"There were many consequences of World War I, including the ten million casualties in the armies (Esler, 2004). Also, this war significantly changed the map of Europe. The Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed and in its place several new nations were born. The Slavic nationalists were somewhat appeased by the treaty of Versailles. Yugoslavia was formed, unifying Southern Slavs, with its core in Serbia. Czechoslovakia too was a Slavic country formed with the break up of Austro-Hungary (Sontag, 1971). The Russian Empire crumbled and was replaced with a communist revolution and regime. The treaty of Versailles also significantly weakened Germany. It was stripped of its colonies, disarmed and forced to pay reparations. Parts of it were given to Poland and the Czech Republic."
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Introduction to the Ottoman Empire, 2005.
A historical overview of one of the most fascinating periods in the history of civilization, the era of the Ottoman empire.
3,301 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a thorough overview of the history of the Ottoman Empire and the impact it had on the world. The paper describes the early structure of the empire's political and military might, the Ottoman empire's gradual demise and its final collapse.
The Early Structure of Political and Military Power
in the Ottoman Empire
Turkish Military: The First Place the Turks Occupied in Europe was
Gallipoli
The Growth and Expansion of Russia from the 18th Century Onwards
Egypt (because of cotton) Begins a Move Away
from the Ottoman Empire
Demands Pressed Upon the Ottoman State - and Russian Expansion -
Led to a Further Weakening of Ottoman
The Janissary Corps
The Ottoman Failure to Reform the Inefficient System of
Government they were Using
The Origin and Decline of the Ottoman Empire
From the Paper
"And it is important to note that Turkey's domination over Africa's northern areas was not entirely well defined, and the Ottoman Empire did not really have permanent, clear-cut borders; rather, the empire was more of a military administration over a vast region of diverse cultures and geography."
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