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Wartime Embedded Journalists, 2004.
A look at the controversial issue regarding the danger posed to military personnel by embedded journalists.
1,258 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at arguments on both sides of the issue concerning embedded journalists and whether or not they pose a risk to the safety of soldiers in the field. The paper points out that the danger posed by the journalists is often related more to the amount of military information they expose to the public that really should not be revealed and not to the direct safety of the soldiers. The paper concludes that, while on some level, the embedded journalists do increase the risk exposure of soldiers, it might be better that they are embedded rather than running helter-skelter all over the place. Articles used as sources are appended to the paper.
From the Paper
"There have been war correspondents in virtually every U.S. military engagement. During the Civil War, a photographer named Matthew Brady was out there on the battlefield not exactly snapping pictures, but laboriously preparing the glass plates in the back of his horse-drawn darkroom. So embedding journalists in with the U.S. military during the recent, and continuing, war in Iraq would not seem to be any different, and certainly no more dangerous than having Brady rattling around the cannonballs. Granted, some journalists have died in Iraq, but some, like NBC?s David Bloom, died from medical conditions not related to warfare. Even military spokespersons have relatively little to say about the impact on troops of protecting journalists? lives. Of course, the few soldiers who died in the relatively few attempts to save journalists in war zones, some of which will be mentioned below, might have a very different viewpoint about that. "
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Embedded Journalists, 2002.
A discussion on the ethics of photography and photojournalism.
843 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines some of the issues concerning the ethics of photography and photojournalism. It uses as an example a front-page photograph from the "Los Angeles Times" showing a British soldier directing Iraqi civilians to take cover from Iraqi fire, which turned out to be a fake, a digital composite created by photographer, Brian Walski ,using photo-altering software. It looks at how, although the Walski photograph may have been altered with good intentions to better convey the ?essence? of the war in Iraq, Walski acted unethically and violated several tenets of photojournalism. It argues how readers need to be able to trust that their photographs show what actually happened to form their own ideas and how breaching that trust only serves to make the public suspicious of all war reports, to the detriment of the entire news profession.
From the Paper
"Walski?s alterations differ from the Time Magazine and the Newsday photographs in another important respect. A look at past photographs from war coverage reveals how news photographs have tremendous power to influence public perceptions regarding the war. The image of the Vietnamese girl running naked after her village was bombed with napalm and the picture of the South Vietnamese police commander shooting a VietCong prisoner in the head have contributed to protests against the Vietnam War. In a more recent example, for many people, the photograph of young Elian Gonzalez cringing from an armed immigration agent gave the situation an air of menace (Frank 2003)."
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Are Journalists With Us or Against Us?, 2002.
This paper discusses the ability of journalists today to twist information and invade our private lives.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 33.95
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Abstract
An argumentative paper written in the first person questioning whether journalists can be trusted or whether their entire aim in their work is to sensationalize and only to create news.
From the Paper
"I believe that one must always remain skeptical of what they read in the media. Because journalism is obviously one?s interpretation of some event that occurred, it is only natural for the facts of the case to be altered in some way or another. More often than not, printed news stories are adaptations of another article previously written on the same topic. Journalism also tends to be extremely opinionated, and one?s own thoughts or ideas concerning a particular subject can sometimes get in the way of reality. Countless examples of journalists stretching the truth for the sake of getting attention does not contribute positively to our view on journalism either. In my opinion, the well-renowned journalists that have been involved in this profession for years are trustworthier than those that are inexperienced and obscure to the public eye."
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Journalists? Right to Obtain Information, 2002.
A look at the ethical and moral expectations of journalists.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the rights and responsibilities of journalists when reporting stories. The author looks at the ethical issues that come in to play when information is sought and when it is reported. A look at how society views these concerns.
From the Paper
?In the era of communications there is a viable debate in society that suggests that the freedom of information must take precedence over all other rights. The journalists must the debate contends, have the right to obtain information from all sources so that the people can be given the truth as they have found it. This debate brings into controversy the rights of privacy of individuals and the security of the state as journalists demand the information regardless of the consequences and the manner of obtaining it.?
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Case Study of Embedded Reporters in Iraq, 2006.
A discussion regarding the success of journalism within a given population.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how journalism and militaries have always relied on the populations within which they function and to both inform and fill their ranks. The societies surrounding these militaries rely on them for security and the greater integration of the media with military structures, along with media's long-standing role in democratic societies as a protector of truth, has created a more complex security fabric surrounding both societies and the militaries derived from them.
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Journalistic Ethics and Kierkegaard, 2006.
An analysis of philosopher Soren Kierkegaard's ethics as they apply to a new theory of journalistic ethics.
3,245 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses journalistic ethics, according to the views of philosopher, Soren Kierkegaard. It begins with a brief look at the various theories of journalistic ethics that have held sway in the past. The paper then presents cases demonstrating their inadequacies. It then re-examines those cases under the Kierkegaardian system of teleological suspension of the ethical qua journalism and discusses the possible objections to and complications of this approach.
From the Paper
"In the organic process through which ethical weeds inevitably sprout wherever civilization ploughs fresh soil, modern society may have broached a new continent. Surely this can be said with respect to journalism. Technological advances, innovative political tactics, and the ever-more competitive relationship between government and press all contribute to a proliferation of ethical dilemmas for which there exists no adequately vigorous effort to account. When the old approaches to journalistic ethics, having never foreseen the complexity our times, prove themselves antiquated, journalists must pursue new ways to understand the ethics of their craft. The answer, I submit, lies in the writings of nineteenth century Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard, whose sees the finite nature of ethical dimensions and transcends them through a teleological suspension of the ethical. Before wading into the intricacies of Kierkegaard, though, I would first like to sketch the structure of this essay."
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Journalistic Ethical Issues, 2001.
Discussion of 1998 "60 Minutes" broadcast depicting Dr. Jack Kevororkian employing physican assisted suicide. Background & implications of broadcast; limitations of journalistic conduct; boundaries.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 22 sources, $ 103.95
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From the Paper
" This research paper discusses the journalistic ethical issues associated with that portion of a broadcast by CBS's 60 Minutes on Sunday evening, November 22, 1998 which dealt with the topic of euthanasia or physician assisted suicide (PAS) of terminally ill patients and which included the replaying of portions of a videotape showing Dr. Jack Kevorkian injecting a lethal drug into a 52 year old man, Thomas Youk, who was suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Introduction
Basic Facts Concerning 60 Minutes. 60 Minutes is a television newsmagazine which is owned outright by CBS Inc., a publicly-owned corporation, and which has been presented on prime time since 1972. It has consistently been among the top.."
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Journalist Ellen Goodman, 2002.
Examines Ellen Goodman's style of writing known as feminist journalism.
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses well-known journalist Ellen Goodman. Her style of non-confrontational feminism is examined and her use of rhetorical techniques is analyzed. The paper reviews several of Goodman's essays and cites them as examples of her technique. Finally, the paper provides a brief critique of Goodman's writing style.
From the Paper
"Ellen Goodman is often called a feminist journalist. However, within the framework of any ideological movement such as feminism, there are many different factions and many different ?isms.? Rather than attempting a radical critique of gender roles, Goodman usually prefers a more gentle, mainstream examination of the relationship of males and females in contemporary society. Goodman does not discount the presence of discrimination against women today. She acknowledges that she has faced discrimination personally, both professionally and as a media consumer. But Goodman also, through the use of a discursive and relatively un-confrontational rhetorical prose style, reinforces male and female binaries. Goodman?s refusal to use a traditionally structured argument in many of her pieces on gender both reinforces as well as questions gender norms."
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Journalistic Gender Stereotyping, 2005.
The paper investigates how "Time" magazine stereotyped First Ladies Laura Bush and Hillary Clinton during their husbands' first term in office.
13,116 words (approx. 52.5 pages), 72 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study investigates media stereotyping of American First Ladies Laura Welch Bush and Hillary Rodham Clinton principally using quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The research explores the amount and qualities of "Time" magazine's news coverage during their husband's first terms of office to establish, (i) who between Mrs. Clinton and Mrs. Bush is framed as most often politically active and (ii) who between them is more negatively stereotyped. Hypotheses predict that the most politically active First Lady will attract more media coverage and more negative stereotypes. Both hypotheses were supported by the research, which indicate that Hillary Clinton was framed both as the most politically active and negatively stereotyped of the two.
Table of COntents
I.Introduction
Etymology of Stereotypes
Scholarship on Gender Stereotypes
Stereotypes & America's First Ladies
II.The First Lady in American History
Early Interest in First Ladies
Scholarship Since the 1980s
Hillary Clinton & Laura Bush
III.Methodology
Data Collection
Setting
Coding
IV.Findings
V.Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Across the globe, women are poorly represented in many facets of life - economic, political and scientific - despite the fact that they constitute the majority of the world's population. For example, females represent only about three per cent of all historical figures in Western civilization (Catell, 1903; Eisenstadt, 1978). In addition, only about one per cent of the notable contributors to science and technology are female (Simonton, 1991a)."
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Journalistic Ethics, 1999.
Examines the freedom of the press vs. ethical reporting, code of ethics, the role of court, examples of questionable ethics, invasion of privacy and coverage of celebrities. Includes an outline.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
"Freedom of the Press is a phrase given high value in the American system, but it is not an absolute. Freedom of the Press is found in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, and the courts give great importance to this amendment when considering competing rights.
From the Paper
"Freedom of the Press is a phrase given high value in the American system, but it is not an absolute. Freedom of the Press is found in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, and the courts give great importance to this amendment when considering competing rights. Still, there are cases where the courts find that the press goes too far, and the public often believes this is true. Unethical behavior by the press is behavior that goes against a fundamental and protected individual right and that does so by breaking one of the elements of the currently adopted Code of Ethics. Recently, the Society of Professional Journalists held a meeting in Arlington, Virginia at which those attending the convention voted on a new Ethics Code. The code contains the four principles seen as most important in ethical behavior for journalists by this group..."
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"Beowulf", 2005.
This paper discusses the embedded narratives in "Beowulf", the "lone survivor" of a genre known as Old English long epics written anonymously sometime before the tenth century A.D..
1,210 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, despite its age, the poem "Beowulf " utilizes a complex method of storytelling called embedded narratives, which is essentially a story within a story; not only does this Old English epic have many embedded narratives within but also the narratives possess strong coherency with the current story at hand. The author analyzes five of these embedded narratives; the last one, found in the third epic of "Beowulf" is a story partly told to give the reader a brief history on the dragon that Beowulf must defeat and the treasure-horde it protects. The paper concludes embedded narratives throughout the epic poem of Beowulf seem to serve multiple purposes: A vehicle for foreshadowing, clarity in regards to character identification, comparing and contrasting and understanding, depiction and overall detail of the Anglo-Saxon period.
From the Paper
"The first embedded narrative in Beowulf, begins immediately after Grendal's death. Following the demise of the fiend was a celebration to honor the heroic feats of Beowulf, the protagonist of the adventure. At one point during the festivities, King Hrothgar's thane, a story teller, shares the story of Sigemund. The narrator indicates that Sigemund had received a "treasure-hoard" after defeating a dragon by piercing a sword through its scales. In addition to the treasure, Sigemund gained publicity and his "name was known everywhere" (51). This embedded narrative is significant since serves to foreshadow the victory of Beowulf against a dragon in the concluding portion of the poem. As any reader who has finished the epic poem may know, Beowulf is victorious in slaying a dragon in the Geatish-territory."
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Reporters Revealing Sources, 2007.
An analysis of the protection afforded journalists from revealing sources.
1,359 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of the rules and ethics governing journalists revealing sources. The paper explores cases in which journalists were ordered to reveal sources and refused. It also examines the protections that journalists have from revealing sources and argues that it is those protections that provide the ability to bring the public the news.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Federal Shield Time
From the Paper
"Part of the problem involves the legality of a government official leaking information to the press that should have fallen under their confidentiality agreement. The leaks are at times criminal offenses on the part of the official who provided the information and the demand to have the journalist reveal that name is so that person can be charged. If the journalist doesn't reveal the source there is no way of knowing it if was in fact a government official or other person who had a confidentiality agreement. It is ironic that journalists are jailed for not helping someone jail an official who helps bring corruption to public light."
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Media Code of Ethics, 2000.
This essay briefly discusses the concept of ethics and specifically the Society of Professional Journalists? Code of Ethics.
1,586 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 0 sources, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This essay briefly discusses the concept of ethics and specifically the Society of Professional Journalists? Code of Ethics. The author then describes the process of applying this code to his own campus's publication- the different considerations and decisions involved.
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The Future of Software and the Elimination of Bugs, 2006.
An analysis of the future of embedded processors and ways to eliminate malfunctions.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the future of software, including embedded processors with the power to network everything from cars to household appliances. The author of this paper examines immediate and projected developments for this type of software, looking in particular at ways to eliminate or reduce bugs. The paper focuses on smart source code analyzers for both sequential and distributed systems code.
From the Paper
"Software will allow all sorts of devices, from cars to refrigerators, to exchange data and interact. We already have embedded processors in cars, linked by small "car-area" networks. But what if these processors begin to communicate over a broader network? The potential is very great, indeed. In remote areas, the embedded processors could warn the driver and suggest a route to the nearest gas station before the driver runs out of gas. We can also conceive of collision avoidance systems that are programmed to take control of a car when a collision appears to be imminent. The embedded processors in the cars that are about to collide can devise a strategy that avoids the collision, without risking a roll-over. If this prediction indeed comes true, the reliability of the car that you are driving in 2010 will depend on the dependability of the software in nearby cars. For example, your airbags might inflate if the software in a nearby car erroneously alerts your car that it is about to crash into it."
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Honesty in the Media, 2005.
A paper looking at the pressure many journalists face to continually write compelling copy and find sensational stories.
974 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of media and honesty in the media. Specifically, the paper discusses Janet Cooke, the prize-winning journalist who fabricated a story about an inner-city young boy who was a heroin addict, and why readers should not always believe everything they read in newspapers and magazines.
From the Paper
"Janet Cooke was born in 1958, and little is known about her true background or education. She claimed to have graduated from Vassar College and attended the Sorbonne in Paris, but these were both fabrications, her only degree came from the University of Toledo in Ohio. In 1980, she joined the staff of The Washington Post as a reporter for the "Weeklies" section. In September of 1980, the Post published one of her stories, "Jimmy's World." It would prove to be a monumental mistake. Cooke resigned from the Post in 1981, and married a lawyer. They lived briefly in Paris, but the marriage failed, and Cooke moved back to the US. She worked as a clerk in a department store for many years. In 1996, a script about her life was sold to Hollywood for $1.6 million, and she made an attempt to begin writing again. Currently, the film about her life is not in production (Editors)."
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