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Egypt, 2004.
A comprehensive discussion on civil society in Egypt.
10,844 words (approx. 43.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 215.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of civil society in Egypt. Firstly, a brief historical overview of civil society in Egypt is presented and an analytical overview of the political situation in Egypt is provided, illustrating the authoritarian nature of the regime and assessing the influence of the regime on the growth and nature of civil society. Next, an analytical overview of the economic situation in Egypt is presented, assessing the influence of the economic malaise on the growth of civil society. Next, a sectoral overview of civil society organizations in Egypt is presented, by dividing the civil organizations in to categories (service provision, charity and welfare, guilds and unions, development civil society organizations, political parties, human rights/citizenship rights, research organizations, cultural groups, and finally sports clubs) and within this section, several organizations within each category are discussed, in terms of their activities. This section includes information on the total number of CSOs in Egypt. This section also highlights the fact that a culturally specific approach is necessary when discussing CSOs in Egypt, as a large quantity of Islamic groups are spread throughout the sectors. Next, an in-depth analysis of three groups and their activities is presented: one Islamic, one political party (maybe the Muslim brotherhood) and one an International NGO.
From the Paper
"Researchers have identified that several elements have shaped the profile of Egypt's civic sector: government policies shifted over time from laissez faire to increased government control under different regimes, yet religion has always been an element of associational life in Egypt (Kandil, 1999). In a 1993 survey, it was found that about 31% of associations were Islamic and about 7% were Christian: most of these organizations provided health services, social assistance, and religious services (Kandil, 1999). Further influences on civil society have been identified (by Ibrahim et al., 1998) as the state, traditional forces (via the Communities of Virtue), and external Western forces: it is argued that the current status of civil society in Egypt has come about due to a complex historical - and current - relationship between these three factors (Ibrahim et al., 1998)."
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Economic Development in Egypt, 2001.
Examines effects of 1978 Camp David Accord (peace agreement betw. Egypt & Israel). Its impact on Egyptian economy. Policies of Sadat & Mubarak. Egypt's position in Mideast & its economic future. 10 Tables. 1 Chart.
1,035 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 15 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction:
Egypt has had a long, troubled road to economic development. From the first attempts at industrialization in the early 1800?s to the country?s present-day struggle, Egypt has faced social and political hurdles as well as troubles in the world economy throughout its attempt to become an industrialized nation. This paper will examine that struggle with special emphasis on the impact of the Camp David Peace Accord on economic development in Egypt.
The economic history of Egypt, beginning in the mid-1800?s, will first be explored in order to put post-Camp David development.."
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Free Trade Agreement in Egypt, 2005.
Discusses the impact of free trade and its potential benefits on the Egyptian economy.
2,633 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
Examines how free trade agreements may aid developing nations such as Egypt. The paper argues that Egypt is not ready to enter an era when it can apply a free trade agreement without being harmed. It discusses that, by applying Arab and African economic cooperation, eliminating the phenomenon of illegal economic activity, encouraging open investment in the economy, benefiting from the principle of comparative advantage, and permitting foreign investment in Egypt, Egypt will be able to improve its economic status and will be apply the free trade agreement without facing economic loss.
From the Paper
"Ever since the Free Officers' revolution of 1952, Egypt has had an unstable economy, moving from one economic system to another and hardly ever allowing serious reforms. Before 1952, Egypt was a capitalist country but following that, it became a socialist country while, under Sadat, it supposedly began to reform its economy and adopt liberalism. Under Mubarak, the liberal reforms continued but were not stable and did not bring in the results that the government had expected. Instead of decreasing debt and achieving economic growth and development, the economist, Paul Sullivan explains that debt increased and economic growth was not reached. Many economist have argued that the Egyptian economy has not achieved the growth rates that were expected following reforms because they came too late and were not correctly implemented. Over and above, economists additionally argue that Egypt can not realistically expect positive economic results any time soon because it has only recently taken economic reform seriously and had earlier ignored and missed numerous economic development opportunities. Although Egypt missed several opportunities for industrialization and development over the past ten years and currently fears that it will not be able to survive the effects of free trade and economic globalization, through economic reforms, Egypt can overcome the short term negative consequences of globalization and be in a position where it can benefit from globalization, through comparative advantage and foreign investment."
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Mesopotamia and Egypt, 2005.
This paper discusses the development of the great civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt.
905 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the major event marking the beginning of civilization was the development of agriculture, which was made possible by the presence of three important rivers--the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, the "Cradle of Civilization", and the great Nile River in Egypt. The author points out that, only after the development of village/farming life, the civilized societies of the Assyrians, the Babylonians, the Hittites and the Sumerians in Mesopotamia and the Egyptians in the Nile River valley originated or further developed concepts such as government, law, formal religions, writing, monumental architecture, measurement and calculation. The paper relates that, in the days of the Pharaohs, the land of Egypt was dotted with marshes and island ridges and what is now arid desert valley was grassy meadows well suited for grazing cattle and hunting --the fertility of Egypt was proverbial.
From the Paper
"In contrast to the civilizations that arose and perished in the "Cradle of Civilization," the Nile River defined the culture that lived by virtue of its presence--ancient Egypt. Originating deep in Africa, the Nile River descends through many cataracts to sea level at the delta in Egypt, where in its annual flooding, rich soil is deposited. Hemmed in by its narrow valleys, the Nile flows through regions that may not have a single drop of rainfall in a decade. Yet crops grow luxuriantly from the fertilized silt, just as they did in ancient times. Thus, the great Nile made life possible and allowed the peoples of Egypt to build one of the greatest civilizations of all time."
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Bahrain and Egypt, 2002.
A review of the countries Bahrain and Egypt.
2,366 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the two nations of Egypt and Bahrain. The paper looks at both countries in terms of history, politics in general and political developments since World War Two, religion, geography and international relations. While there are some similarities between the two, such as their close proximity to each other, their connection to Islam, the paper points out the differences as well.
Contents:
History and Politics
Political Development and Modernization
Bahrain and Egypt in the Latter 20th Century
Foreign Policy for Bahrain and Egypt
References
From the Paper
"Geographical position played a critical role in the political development of both nations. In ancient times, Bahrain lay across the main ocean trading routes between the Romans and Greeks to the West, the Indian subcontinent, and sea trade among nations along the Persian or Arabic Gulf. Nakhleh said that for centuries Bahrain has prided itself "on the urbanity and middle-class pragmatism of its people," the result of its long history as a trading entrepot (96). Like Egypt, Bahrain encountered many alien rulers, but most of them came before the 15th century A.D. from the Middle East, Babylonians, Persians, and in 940 A.D."
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Economic Development of Egypt, 2002.
An analysis of the 1978 Egyptian-Israeli Peace agreement on Egypt's economic development.
10,125 words (approx. 40.5 pages), 15 sources, $ 135.95
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Abstract
Analysis of the 1978 Egyptian-Israeli Peace Agreement on Egypt's economic development. History of Egypt's social, political and economic struggles under different leaders in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Government control of the economy. The Camp David Peace Accord and economic progress in Egypt since its signing. High military spending. 11 Tables.
From the Paper
"The Effects of the Egyptian-Israeli Peace Agreement on the Economic Development of Egypt
Introduction:
Egypt has had a long, troubled road to economic development. From the first attempts at industrialization in the early 1800's to the country's present-day struggle, Egypt has faced social and political hurdles as well as troubles in the world economy throughout its attempt to become an industrialized nation. This paper will examine that struggle with special emphasis on the impact of the Camp David Peace Accord on economic development in Egypt.
The economic history of Egypt, beginning in the mid-1800's, will first be explored in order to put post-Camp David..."
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Globalization, Gender and Islam: The Case of Egypt, 2002.
A focus on Egypt--historically and today and how globalization has affected its traditions and society.
3,300 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
An examination of the the new era of globalization, focusing on Egypt, and its many effects on a distinctive Islamic society. The paper looks at Egypt during the 19th century, the era of colonialism, the cold war, and nowadays -- the age of U.S. dominated globalization. A major theme of the paper is the effect of the interaction of 'East' and 'West' on the development of radical Islam, as well as on the growth of feminism in Egypt.
From the Paper
"The processes of globalization can viewed as a process, in which "the world is rapidly being moulded into a shared social space by economic and technological forces…" (Held, McGrew, Goldblatt & Perraton) As the economies and cultures of the world become integrated into the whole of the global information age, the concept and reality of globalization becomes more complex and far-reaching. The consequences of this increased sense of interconnectedness is that events in one community will inevitably affect all societies. And due to imbalance of power, the most forceful, dynamic and potent culture is likely to dominate others, thereby inducing much resentment in many indigenous cultures. Thus many argue that globalization, in this sense, is similar to colonialism. Encapsulating this sentiment about interaction with the dominant Western culture, indigenous leaders recently held a convention in which they argued that tension is created since "people have to defend themselves against that kind of attack". (Lucas) Globalization is therefore challenging existing social identities across the planet in many important ways. Many have forgotten the positive aspects of globalization because they are more concerned about preservation of their own distinctive identity. Ever-increasing cultural interactions, it is said, "break down human-scale structures, destroy bonds of reciprocity and mutual dependence, and pressure the young to substitute their own culture and values with the artificial values of advertising and the media." Like many others, Helena Norberg-Hodge goes on to argue that much of the discontents and conflicts that exist in various parts of the world is a result of increasing exposure to foreign cultures. Both domestic and international conflicts nowadays, it is therefore argued, are to a large extent a result of this interaction of cultures."
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Egypt: Corruption and Underdevelopment, 2005.
An analysis of the effect of globalization and political corruption on Egypt.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how understanding the extent of corruption, as it has been exposed by globalization, is important because it allows us to better understand consistent underdevelopment in Third World nations, such as Egypt. It shows how an analysis of financial corruption in Egypt and the country's resistance to change versus the efforts toward the political and economic reform of the country by external powers, underscores that the country's problem is not economic poverty, but corruption and misuse of foreign aid funds and national resources. After establishing the connection between globalization and corruption, the main argument is that the high level of corruption in a country like Egypt proves the necessity of enforcing international anti-corruption laws, thus, removing a significant obstacle to development.
From the Paper
"In "Politics of Corruption," Patrick Fitzsimons discusses corruption within the framework of globalization. He begins his article by referring to the characteristics and concerns of the new global economic and political system, from the concern with multiculturalism, to terrorism, to economic liberalism, and notes the meaning and importance of these new concepts and concerns. According to Fitzsimmons' argument, their importance lies in the fact that they effectively define the thoughts and ideologies of the current political and economic environment."
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Egypt, 2008.
An analysis of the stability of Egypt and its political status.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper states that when analyzing the political environment in Egypt, one of the most important questions one would ask refers to the political regime of Egypt. This paper focuses on presenting the level of democratization in Egypt by analyzing the latest elections that took place there in 2005. The paper specifically focuses on elections as these are a very significant indicator of the level of democratization of a country.
From the Paper
"The respect of human rights and of principles of equality show how developed a country is and the level of development is closely linked to the level of democratization. Elections represent a democratic practice that allows citizens to choose their representatives and freedom of elections is a guarantee of the freedom that each citizen has to chose and be chosen. Freedom of elections is an indicator of the political freedom of a country and of the level of democratization of that country. Based on this argument, this paper analyzes the latest elections in Egypt and how free and fair they were, arguing that the level of democratization of Egypt can be determined after analyzing its elections."
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Egypt and Monumental Architecture, 2007.
An analysis of the centrality of Egyptian monuments and architecture to the religion of ancient Egypt.
819 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the monumental architecture in Egypt that was associated with worship of the gods and with funeral customs. The paper discusses the building and development of the pyramids and the purposes that they served. It then shows how the cycle of birth and rebirth is expressed in much Egyptian art and is central to the religion of ancient Egypt.
From the Paper
"The pyramids, of course, are massive tombs for high-born rulers, while smaller tombs or burial sites have been found for people of lesser rank, including massive underground structures housing hundreds of mummies in some cases. The huge statues in the Valley of the Kings were also dedicated to rulers who had died and were carved in stone so they would be remembered. The polytheistic religion of the Egyptians supported their ideas about the after-life and about how their rulers would join the gods after death, just as they represented the gods in this world."
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The Mummification Process in Egypt, 2002.
An analysis of the mummification process in ancient Egypt
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six-page undergraduate paper is an analysis of the mummification process in ancient Egypt. The thesis is that comprehension of mummification is essential to our understanding of Ancient Egypt as a whole, since The afterlife of the dead was a prominent part of the findings of the Ancient Egyptian culture.
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Ancient Egypt, 2005.
An overview of the architecture, social set-up and economics of ancient Egypt.
3,183 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper examines life in ancient Egypt by providing information on different aspects of this fascinating time in history. The paper examines the architecture of the time, including the pyramids and tombs and other public buildings. The paper looks at the social classes which existed in ancient Egypt, from the Pharoah down to the lowly farmers. The paper also discusses divorce, hygiene, entertainment, religion and the rights of women.
From the Paper
"Cleanliness was very important to the Egyptians, and most people bathed every day, using a cleansing cream consisting of lime, oil, and perfume. Additionally, people rubbed themselves with perfumed oil daily, made by mixing flowers and scented oil with fat. People of all ages, children included, painted their faces. Green malachite was mixed with oil to make "Khol", and was used to accent the eyes, it was also believed to have magical powers. Red ochre was mixed with water and applied to the lips and cheeks, and henna was used to dye fingernails."
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Daily Life in Ancient Egypt., 2002.
Looks at a variety of aspects of daily life in ancient Egypt including family life and religion.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses the life of people in ancient Egypt. It describes how they lived and what family life was like. More than anything, we see how Egypt was a profoundly religious society.
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Napoleon in Egypt, 2002.
Why Napoleon failed in Egypt and how he managed to succeed in France after his return.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper covers the historical period during the time when Napoleon began his conquests and remained undefeated until his invasion of Egypt. It analyzes his defeat in Egypt and subsequent success in France where he became the undisputed leader for some time to come.
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Country Profile: Egypt, 2009.
An overview of the challenges facing contemporary Egypt.
1,093 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper provides many statistics on the country of Egypt and addresses the issues of unemployment, low standards of living, drug and human trafficking, corruption and bribery and a lack of a coordinated national infrastructure program. The paper asserts that Egypt must be able to capitalize on the current trend and pace of globalization by initiating a real program for change. The paper suggests the changes that can improve this country.
From the Paper
"When one hears about Egypt, the thoughts that come to mind are the glamour and glory of the days of the pharaohs and the slaves entwined together in building great pyramids that would immortalized the god-kings - the pharaohs themselves. Egypt has always been at the crossroads of civilization throughout mankind's history. This is where Antony of the famed Roman Legion met and fell for the illustrious beauty of Cleopatra. In more recent history, Egypt is one of the powerbrokers of the Middle East not only for its contemporary social and political beliefs but its rich oil reserves enable it to have a great leverage in international economic and political affairs. The regularity and richness of the annual Nile River flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations."
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