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Economic Theory vs. Reality, 2005.
This paper discusses economic theory versus reality, using the views of Smith, Marx and Keynes.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at and compares the issue of economic theory and reality. In examination of this matter, the writer discusses the views and theories of Adam Smith, Karl Marx and Keynes.
From the Paper
"Adam Smith has gotten a bad reputation in recent years. He has been held up as the darling of the New Right in its attempt to deify the 'free market' and roll back the social reforms of the 20th Century, but for his time, Smith was remarkably on the money. He couldn't predict the dramatic technological and social upheaval of the subsequent industrial revolutions, but he was fully aware of the conflict between the interests of the business class and the public good, and gave plenty of warning of such."
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Malthusian Theory and Chinese Reality, 2006.
A discussion and analysis of James Lee's and Wang Feng's "One Quarter of Humanity: Malthusian Mythology and Chinese Realities".
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 2 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This essay proposes to examine the application of the theories of Robert Malthus to the Chinese context as represented in the work of James Lee and Wang Feng in "One Quarter of Humanity: Malthusian Mythology and Chinese Realities". Malthus ideas are critically examined in terms of how China has, to date, avoided the catastrophic consequences.
From the Paper
"The discussion of the equation between population and social welfare in the commonwealth has been a central element in classical economic theory. The classic economists such as Adam Smith, David Ricardo and, most notoriously, Robert Malthus, were all preoccupied with the issue of the relationship between demographic change and the wealth and well-being of society. In this analysis, although concerns about population growth are largely viewed through an ecological lens in the modern context, the origins of this debate are in economic and social theory (Lee and Feng 3)."
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Economic Realities and Human Freedom, 2008.
An analysis of the philosophies of J.S. Mill, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Karl Marx with relation to economic realities and human freedom.
2,139 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the philosophies of J.S. Mill, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Karl Marx. It argues that these philosophers' notions of human freedom are intimately entwined with their respective attempts to address and rectify the increasingly intolerable economic order of the day. More specifically, the paper maintains that Mill's notion of human freedom actually works to preserve the status quo, while Rousseau's and Marx's do not shy away from calling for a complete and systematic overthrow.
From the Paper
"The same can be said of Marx's understanding of nationalism. In The Communist Manifesto, that thrilling duel between bourgeoisie and proletariat, he famously writes that, "The Communists are further reproached with desiring to abolish countries and nationality. The working men have no country. We cannot take from them what they have not got" (Marx and Engels 174). According to Marx, nations and nationalism, like religion, are illusions, as the working poor are barred from participating in the political life of the nations that work to ensure their miserable living standards. Here, Marx erred badly. His instance on the irrelevancy of national differences is, obviously, one of the necessary preconditions for socialist revolution, but the history of the past century emphatically highlighted the link between the poor and nationalism. Poor people are, in fact, far more willing to don uniforms and sacrifice their lives in war than are the sons and daughters of the wealthy, and a casual glance at the disproportionately high representation of this nation's poor in the armed forces attests to the power of nationalism. And yet, Marx would likely argue that illusions, powerful as they may be, are still illusions. Accordingly, much of his work aims to unveil systems of thought that hinder human freedom."
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Wage Theories in Economics, 2004.
Examines different theories relating to wages as proposed by economists throughout the last 300 years.
1,652 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Economic theory takes into consideration the social and political milieu, as well as the economic realities of any given time period and place. Different economists reflected the realities of their era. Through the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, theories on wages differed because of economic circumstances, as well as the prevailing organization of thought. This paper examines theories presented by economists such as Adam Smith, John Bates Clarke, and John M. Keynes.
From the Paper
"Clark's theory proposed that there was a ?permanent? fund of capital that entered into a production function like any other factor. It was assumed that product value was assessed in terms of costs. This allows the product to gain value through the auspices of the skill of the maker as well as the materials used in the production. Benefits are determined by the circumstances of production, such as, the skill of the workmen, the level of technology, and the degree of utility. A product increases in value as a result of an increase in production time, so that time and skill become instruments of determining cost."
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World System Theory and Regime Theory, 2005.
An exploration of two systems theories (World System Theory and Regime Theory) within the discipline of global political economy.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with two system theories that attempt to explain how asymmetrical power relations in respect of economics, politics and society from the global organisation of nations and states. It includes a brief history of these system theories, their ontology and epistemology and an analysis of their critiques.
From the Paper
"The idea of a systems approach to political economy originated in the natural sciences; the world is seen as a whole entity and in this respect it is a holistic view, i.e. the properties of a system cannot be determined or explained by the sum of its components alone. This is a departure from previous subjectivist theories that considered the objective sphere an unknown and/or an unknowable concept. "
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Chaos Theory, Complexity Theory and Health Services, 2005.
A discussion on "In Commentary: The Potential of Chaos Theory and Complexity Theory for Health Services Management", by Margaret Arndt and Barbara Bigelow.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Margaret Arndt and Barbara Bigelow's book which discusses the relevance and potential of the chaos and complexity theories in terms of improving health services management in the United States. It highlights that reevaluating professional knowledge and assumptions in a field as complex as health care can be unsettling, but it can also invigorating.
From the Paper
"In "Commentary: The Potential of Chaos Theory and Complexity Theory for Health Services Management", Margaret Arndt and Barbara Bigelow examine the relevance and potential of these theories in terms of improving health services management in the United States. They emphasize that reevaluating professional knowledge and assumptions in a field as complex as health care can be unsettling, but it can also invigorating. Because of the potential benefits of such an approach, Arndt and Bigelow (2000) argue in their article that applying chaos theory and complexity theory to health services management is worthy of pursuit, despite potential controversy or disputes regarding the validity of this approach. Since America's health care system is plagued by inherent complexity and chaos, applying ..."
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Virtual Reality a Reality, 2002.
A philosophical discussion on virtual reality.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a discussion on the philosophical reality of virtual reality. The meaning of the term as well as the possibilities it creates are all detailed and outlined. The author also summarizes the outcome of being able to enter a virtual state at will.
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The Reality of Reality Television, 2002.
A study of the societal, cultural, and entertainment environments in which the reality television industry thrives.
4,740 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 25 sources, MLA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper describes in detail the phenomenon of reality television and explores the different reasons why it works. Included are examples and reasons from the early 2000s and late 1950s. The reasons the genre is chosen to be used by networks rather than others is also discussed. The paper provides descriptions of a number of reality television shows and illustrates their success.
From the Paper
"In May of 2000, the United States population got to know the cast of Survivor. The cast was not that of a normal television show. They had never acted before, they were not portraying characters, nor were they being paid big bucks for each episode they filmed. The people were normal. They were being filmed as they performed everyday activities in the show?s environment. Critics quickly labeled the show as reality television. The public subsequently showed a desire for the programming genre."
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Virtual Reality Has Become a Reality, 2002.
A overview of the technology of virtual reality.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six-page paper presents a discussion about the field of virtual reality. The author of this paper takes the reader on an exploratory journey about virtual reality and includes information about what it is, what it is used for and how it works. .
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Mcgregor's Theory X & Theory Y, 1990.
Origins of concepts, content, assumptions and impact on supervision in workplace.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"Theory X" and "Theory Y" are terms devised by sociologist Douglas McGregor, in the late 1950s, to describe two fundamentally contrasting theories towards the nature of work and human motivation. "Theory X" is the view that workers basically do not want to work, and will do anything to avoid it; the essential business of management is therefore to use a combination of threats and rewards to keep their workers at work. "Theory Y" is the view that work is in fact as natural to human behavior as play or rest; management can thus function best by harnessing this natural human tendency to make the workers' own work.motivations harmonize with the needs of the organization.
The following report is a survey of McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y: their origins, their content and assumptions, their origins and place in broader human psychology, and their effect.."
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Sociocultural Theory and Input and Interaction Theory, 2004.
Compares and contrasts the Russian psychologist Vygotsky?s 'Sociocultural Theory' with 'Input and Interaction Theory'.
2,642 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a definition of both Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory and Input and Interaction Theory. The paper then goes on to note how the two theories differ and where they are similar in their approach, as well as how they are applied to everyday issues, such as teaching language.
From the Paper
"Sociocultural theory was first conceived and developed by Russian psychologist Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky?s, (1896-1934). His most productive years were at the Institute of Psychology in Moscow (1924?34), where he expanded his ideas on cognitive development, particularly the relationship between language and thinking. His writings emphasized the roles of historical, cultural, and social factors in cognition and argued that language was the most important symbolic tool provided by society. His book, ?Thought and Language? is a classic text in psycholinguistics? theoretical contributions to the development of curricula and teaching strategies."
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Broad Nursing Theory and Mid-Range Theory, 2002.
Compares two different theories of nursing and argues that one of them is more conducive to experimentation and solid conclusions.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses broad nursing theory and mid-range theory. The specific theories that are used as examples are comfort theory (mid-range) and self care deficit theory (broad theory). The paper shows that both theories are constructive to nursing, but that mid-range theory allows experimentation and solid conclusions.
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Dependency Theory v. Modernization Theory, 2007.
A comparison of the modernization and dependency theories of under-development of third world countries.
1,824 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the modernization and dependency perspectives commonly raised when explaining third-world under-development. It assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each theoretical paradigm and aims to determine which of the two is more effective at illustrating why so much of the world continues to lag behind North America and Europe.
From the Paper
"As one might expect, this theory is highly controversial - with apparent weaknesses and strengths. After all, it has now been decades since the fall of "old-fashioned" colonialism and one would think that Global South nations would have finally developed institutional and economic innovations capable of sustaining them and capable also of pushing them forward. Moreover, the supposed technological transfer from developed to developing nations would surely seem like a phenomenon capable of rescuing developing countries from their relative poverty. Seen in that light, the dependency theory may seem like so much "excuse-making" for incompetent and/or corrupt national regimes."
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Margaret Newman's Nursing Theory, 2008.
An analysis of Margaret Newman's health as expanding consciousness theory and a comparison of the theory with Martha Rogers' unitary theory.
1,893 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly examines Margaret Newman's history, including the development of her health as expanding consciousness theory. The paper also examines the basic tenets of the theory and discusses two examples of expanding consciousness in nursing practice. Finally, the paper compares and contrasts Newman's theory with that of Martha Rogers' unitary theory.
Table of Contents:
Margaret Newman
The Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
A Critique of Newman's Theory
Newman's Theory and Rogers' Unitary Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Newman's theory is not particularly accessible to most people in or out of the nursing profession. Neither is it particularly congruent with reality. Referring back to McKenna, this theory does not appear to be a nursing theory as such, because it does not treat nursing as a unique profession (1997, p. 234). McKenna discusses the analysis of 62 nursing theories in terms of how their internal validity would stand up to testing. Of the 62 theories, McKenna indicates that only nine reached adequate levels of empirical testing. In the case of a grand theory such as Newman's empirical testing is difficult at best; it would seem unlikely that sufficient testing could be done to test its validity. In summation, then, while Newman's abstract theory may produce some basis for discussion, as a nursing theory its practical use is negligible."
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Theory Application, 2008.
An analysis of the application of the social constructionism theory, the labeling theory and the social exchange theory to the clients of the DePaul Family Services.
2,888 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how interactions with people, places and situations all leave their imprint on a person's way of being. The paper discusses whether a client's behavior is the result of the events occurred within his society, community and family or, if he is the intersection of the macro, mezzo and micro environments. It also discusses where personal characteristics intervene and impact of the resiliency and strengths of the individual. The paper focuses on the DePaul Family Services and analyzes their clients from three theoretical standpoints: the social constructionism theory, the labeling theory and the social exchange theory.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Agency Description
Agency Client
Theory Application
Social Constructionism Theory
Labeling Theory
Social Exchange Theory
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Resiliency, in the general meaning of finding the strength to pick up the pieces and carry on, is vital for the success of the DePaul clients. The area in which the social organization activates is extremely tough and challenging and it often offers more disappointments than actual successes. The social workers in the organization are constantly faced with refusal and a generally negative outcome. But they know not to give up, for the beneficial result of these humanitarian actions resides in persistency. It is impossible to teach and integrate a child with mental disabilities from the first day of program implementation. But with persistence, the results will show in time. Character strength and resiliency is also a must for the client and his family. Parents and other close family members generally find it hard to accept that their child is mentally challenged and when they do seem to find a solution in the DePaul services, they soon come to expect a miracle. And when this miracle does not happen, they often feel frustrated and tend to take it out on the representatives of DePaul and its social workers. But the employees at the organization and the family members only represent the close environment of the client's and their being resilient is required in order to support the client. He is the one that must truly be resilient and strong to make sure the treatments take effect. This is one more proof that the microenvironment directly impacts the behaviour of the client."
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