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Early Police Force in Great Britain, 2004.
A brief description of the beginnings of the police force in Britain.
936 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how and where policing became the public administration force as we know it today. The paper describes the first police unit, which was formed in Britain in 1829 in an effort to tackle the increasing rate of crime in the capital city. The paper then looks at the contribution of Sir Robert Peel to the establishment of the police force. The paper concludes that today's politicians and police could learn a thing or two from the original policing units of two hundred years ago.
From the Paper
"Peel designated his law enforcement agency to precise physical districts, as well as held them accountable for stopping and overpowering crime inside the limitations of their districts. He established this policy and strategy on his principle that the law enforcers would turn out to be recognized by the public, as well as citizens with information in relation to criminal activity would be more expected to tell a recognizable person than an unfamiliar person. He therefore, ordered his law enforcers to become known with people, as well as places, so that they may be in a better position to distinguish doubtful personnel or unlawful activity, as well as be extremely observable on their positions, tending to discourage criminals from executing offenses in the direct surrounding area."
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Modern Polices Forces in Britain, the U.S. and Australia, 2001.
A look at the development of the modern police force in Britain, the United States, and Australia.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history of professional police forces in Britain, the US, and Australia, starting in the 18th century. Includes an analysis of the how the general population regards police.
From the Paper
"The modern day police force is often taken for granted. People assume that the police will always be there whenever needed and probably always have been. A second thought is rarely ever entered into of the origins of the police force. But it was not until the nineteenth century that a police force remotely similar to what we have come to know in the present time emerged. In times of rapid social change and widespread disorder, a force of individuals became necessary to uphold and enforce the public law."
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"Above the Law: Police and the Excessive Use of Force", 2002.
A review of Jerome Skolnick's and James Fyfe's "Above the Law: Police and the Excessive Use of Force" on police excessive force and police brutality.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This essay reviews James Skolnick's and James Fyfe's "Above the Law: Police and the Excessive Use of Force". It discusses the authors' examination of police excessive force and police brutality. In their view, the answer to this problem lies in better accountability. The paper adds a sociological perspective, arguing that police excessive force is related to the phenomenon of social control. The existence of prisons, for instance, necessitate police excessive force, since social elites have a need to criminalize a certain portion of the population.
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Police Use of Force, 2002.
A discussion of where the limits lie for police use of force to be considered excessive.
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the use of force by police officers is a serious issue both for the police and for the community they serve and protect. It looks at how the Constitution?s Fourth Amendment protects us from excessive force during an arrest, but since our police officers often have to deal with suspects willing to go to great lengths, including using deadly force, to evade arrest, it is inevitable that police will have to use force. It analyzes how it may be considered a balancing act: police are entitled to handcuff suspects to maintain control even if the person is later cleared. It looks at how the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1989 that use of force is central to law enforcement.
From the Paper
"The police have to walk a fine line, particularly in communities where excessive force or even police brutality have been an issue in the past. Particularly in sensitive communities, the perception of excessive force can be enough to trigger public outcries and demonstrations even when it is ultimately shown that the police officers acted with restraint given the circumstances they faced at the time. The Department of Justice has prepared a booklet for use by community police departments titled Police Use of Excessive Force: A conciliation Handbook for the Police and the Community. They make the point that communities must believe that justice will prevail if they are to have confidence in their police force (DOJ, 2002)."
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Police, Force and Race, 2004.
This paper examines the role that race plays in the police use of force.
5,650 words (approx. 22.6 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the role of race in police use of force. The paper explains what is necessary force vs. excessive force and discusses the conditions under which excessive force is permissible. The paper also discusses police attitudes toward African Americans and other minorities.
From the Paper
"Few people would argue about the statement that police officers have a tough job. Law enforcement officers must deal with some of the worst problems in our society. Police also have a significant amount of discretion and power which some abuse. Critics of police abuse suggest that one of the most effective tools for dealing with police abuse of power is the existence of an independent watchdog agency empowered to handle citizen complaints and armed with enough power to publish its findings and enforce its recommendations."
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Police Use of Force, 1995.
This paper discusses the police use of force: Public expectations of police behavior, brutality, appropriate and inappropriate force and shootings.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 16 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines the following question: Can the exercise of police discretion in the use of force be reformed or controlled? The thesis of this examination is that the use of force by police in the discharge of their duties can both be reformed and controlled without compromising the capacity of the police to maintain public safety and enforce the law.
Violence in the United States has reached epidemic proportions. Violence is most typically an outgrowth of conflict when peaceful dispute mechanisms fail. The use of force by police frequently occurs in situations that are characterized by violence prior to the arrival of police. Crime, particularly violent crime, has been a major concern of the American population for decades. The demands placed upon police office ... "
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Racism in the Police Force, 2004.
A brief discussion of the issue of racism within the police force in the U.S.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the issue known as institutional racism and, specifically, whether or not racism exists within the police force in the U.S. The writer also looks at specific cases of racism within police units in England and elsewhere as a comparison. The paper includes suggestions and ways to decrease the occurrence of institutional racism, such as by ensuring minorities are present in significant numbers and educating and monitoring everyone involved.
From the Paper
"Milwaukee Police Chief Arthur Jones recently filed what is believed to be the first-ever racial discrimination complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) by a sitting police chief (Staff writers, 2002). His complaint centers around his belief, backed up by other Black officials in the city, that he is being held ?to a higher standard than his predecessors? (Staff writers, 2002). A Black alderman in the city, Willie Hines, says that Jones has been subjected to the scrutiny because he challenged the way the city hired new policemen."
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The Modern Australian Police Force, 2001.
A examination of the changes in ethical standards, accountability, and professionalism in the Australian Police Force.
2,190 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 68.95
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Abstract
An examination of the changes in ethical standards, accountability, and professionalism in the Australian Police Force over the past twenty years, including an look at education requirements for policemen.
From the Paper
"Professionalism and accountability within the Police Force is an ever-changing matter. Professionalism has increased over the last 20 years through academia and the introduction of different codes of conduct and codes of ethics and guidelines that have been set for the Police Service. These policies that have been implemented have increased professionalism by setting proper guidelines that need to be followed to avoid repercussions on Police Service members."
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Homosexual Discrimination in the Police Force, 1999.
An argumentative essay arguing against the discrimination of homosexuals in the police force.
784 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 0 sources, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This essay takes its basis from the comment of one politician regarding his "reservations" about homosexuals in the police force. It argues the moral implications of discriminating against gay men and women as projected into the greater community. Highlights outdated beliefs and humanitarian arguments.
From the Paper
"The Victorian Police Minister?s comments regarding his ?great reservations about gays and lesbians in our police force? has been met with public outrage. So too has the Police Force?s threat to sack three police members who responded to the Police Minister's comments. However, these comments and threatened sackings have a much more widespread implication for our society than momentary outrage. They have an implication for homosexuals in our community on a whole and not just homosexuals in the police force."
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Vichy Police Force in Second World War France, 2006.
An exploration of the Vichy Police Force in France during World War Two.
3,450 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of the Vichy Police in France during the Second World War, including its relationship with Nazi Germany and its treatment of the French Jewish community. The author concludes the paper by summarizing what happened to Vichy police officers after the end of the war.
General Background on the Activities and Actions of the French Police in Vichy France
How Vichy Police Were Affiliated with the Germans
How They Treated the Jewish Population
The Relationship between Marshal Petain and the Police Department
What Happened after the War to Members of the Police Department
From the Paper
"Despite presence of German security forces and Nazi police in Vichy France, the regular Vichy police force was a state-run apparatus that managed to maintain its strength throughout the Occupation while sacrificing much of its autonomy. The Germans continually attempted to establish parallel administrative divisions within the French police in order to successfully carry out their policies of eradicating the Jews, yet as the war progressed, the Germans became heavily reliant on the Vichy police to do their grunt work. Thus, as Vichy gained new specialized police forces and greater power, it also gained a greater responsibility in upholding the German war-making interests."
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Police Use of Deadly Force, 1999.
Looking at a definition, examples and causes of police deadly force. Examines the racial factors, police procedures and court decisions. Looks at role of U.S. Justice Department policy.
5,625 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 27 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"Police Use of Deadly Force
Introduction
This paper will discuss the use of deadly force by police. The first part of the paper will define deadly force and illustrate its use with examples. These examples are actual situations which resulted in litigation. The second part of the paper will discuss some of the studies which have been conducted on the use of deadly force. This section will look at the factors which lead to the use of deadly force and the racial discrepancies concerning its use. The third part of the paper will examine the legal aspects concerning the use of deadly force. This section will delve into the Supreme Court decisions in this area and the decisions of the lower federal courts on the subject. The last part of the paper will briefly discuss the recent policies adopt.."
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Misconduct in the Police Force, 2005.
Examines the ever-present problem of misconduct in police forces across the world.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 10 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the global issue of police misconduct. It examines the scope of police misconduct that include police corruption. It presents several examples of police misconduct, as well as examples of corruption that have made national news. It discusses the issues that are present with regard to race, power, and supervisory controls. The paper further draws conclusions based upon the research.
From the Paper
"The issue of police misconduct has become an active community concern due to public displays of police brutality. Morris and Vila (1999) discusses that the video of the Rodney King beating in Los Angeles made many people realize that there needed to be a new definition of the police role in society (p.255). The public, in general, has been strongly opposed to internal police department investigations that are supposed to correct employee performance because the public often is not informed of any actions that are taken in these cases. For several years the public has called for an external review board to address complaints about police misconduct, and this formation of review boards is beginning to take place in several cities across the country."
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Saudi-Arabian Police Force, 1983.
This paper discusses the Saudi-Arabian police force: Basis in Islamic law, attitudes toward crime and punishment, recruitment, training, community relations, crime rate, executions and equipment.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 7 sources, $ 119.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to discuss the Saudi-Arabian police force. The focus will be on types of crimes dealt with, recruitment, training, community relations, make-up of the police force, and the role of women. The law and the criminal justice system will also be considered since they have a profound effect on the role of the police force.
Islamic law comes directly from the Koran, the sacred scriptures of Mohammed's religion and the religion of the Moslems. The Koran contains the religious, social, civil, military, commercial and legal code of the Mohammeds. Punishments and rewards are illustrated by vivid stories. The Koran contains Mohammed's specific injunctions to his followers which govern most of their social and legal life; it serves as the basis for all legislation, and for the enforcement of such legislation. "
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Excessive Use of Police Force, 2006.
This paper analyzes the issue of police brutality while also discussing the role of the media in depicting cases of unwarranted excessive force on the part of law enforcement officers.
1,131 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the use of excessive police force primarily among minorities. This paper discusses the various reasons excessive force not only occurs but continues to grow at an alarming rate. This paper contains data and statistics relevant to this particular topic. This paper discusses the issue of police brutality from the point of view of law enforcement officers who insist that excessive force is used in less than 1% of contacts with civilians and suspects. This paper also delves into this issue from the point of view of African-Americans who contend that police brutality is significantly higher than the claims made by law enforcement officers. The writer analyzes the systematic biases that are present when debating this controversial topic. This paper discusses the fact that officers are rarely convicted for improper use of violence which indirectly contributes to this growing problem. This paper examines the role of the media in depicting police brutality while also detailing the case of Tyisha Miller, a young black woman killed by police in California.
Table of Contents:
A National Pattern
Systemic Bias
Media Ownership
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Many members of various minority groups feel that they are unfairly targeted, especially with regard to the use of excessive force and the differences that white and black residents ascribe to these incidents. In many cases, such as the cases of Wilson and Oregon, the incidents are sparked by non-violent offenses. In addition to fatal shootings, many police officers are also resorting to the use of TASER or stun guns, in situations which were previously resolved without the use of force. Statistics from the Orange County Sheriff's Office in Florida, for example, show a stunning increase in the use of TASERS. In 2000, there were only three reported uses of TASER guns. a mere two years later, that figure jumped to 295."
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The Police Force, 2006.
This paper explores the various influences that affect the policies and actions within police departments.
1,807 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the police force and how the government, resources and the public influence them. The paper explains how police departments are obliged to follow policies legalized by the government and they have to contend with budgetary constraints. The paper examines previous and current instances of racism that have resulted in public distrust of the police and maintains that community policing programs have remedied many negative public perceptions. The paper concludes that through careful discretionary practices, however, it is possible for the police department to remedy its image in the public eye. The paradigm of partnership with the community can be cultivated even with budget cuts.
Contents:
The Role of the Public
The Rules
Other Influences
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Being a police officer might be one of the most stressful jobs available today. The reasons for this are myriad, with the already odious nature of the work exacerbated by outside issues such as money, social issues and government issues. The police, as will be seen, walk a thin line when it comes to ethics and morality. Not only are they under close scrutiny, especially in the United States, of a public made up of a widely diverse group of ethnicity and rules of conduct, but they are also under government and financial pressure to perform their task with minimal resources. In an ideal situation, the task of the police is to fight, diminish and minimize crime. This aim has however been complicated by social, financial and legal issues. Below is a consideration of the influence of the public, the government and resources on the police force and the discrimination that is the daily task of the police officer."
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