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Drugs and Morality, 2005.
Argues that drug laws should be morally enforced as they infringe on the security and welfare of the public.
2,086 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
While the paper argues against the concept of morality laws as an infringement upon civil liberties and human rights, it maintains that drug laws are an acceptable and legitimate form of morality laws. This is due to the fact that drug addiction is not an entirely private behavior, as it can lead to criminal public behavior that threatens the welfare of society, harming nations economically and threatening the lives and property of citizens.
From the Paper
"The logic behind laws should be the protection of society's welfare, but never through interference with issues of morality, unless they involve behaviours and practices that are of harm to others. In this context, laws should not try to address issues which relate to private sexual behaviour, regardless of how bizarre or unusual the majority views that behaviour. This is because, as long as it occurs between consenting adults and has no harmful effect on others, legal interference would undermine the doctrine of liberty and individual freedom. Many drug users and others who are sympathetic to their lifestyle choice, argue that the same principle should apply to drug use. Supporters of drug legalization maintain that use should be a matter of individual choice and that government interference with the right to decide on whether or not to use drugs, conflicts with the concept of liberty."
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Is Drug Court Really Effective: A Review of Current Drug Laws and Drug Courts, 2002.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This legal analysis examines the American drug courts in order to assess the effectiveness of existing policy in dealing with crimes associated with drugs in the United States. This paper evaluates the scientific validity of resources that are used to determine drug policy, and in the critique finds these systems of information ineffective. The author of this essay then offers recommendations for a drug policy that includes a description of drug court environments, and rehabilitation programs for women.
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The Legalization of Drugs.
This paper argues against the legalization of drugs, which has been an ongoing debate since the 1970s.
3,340 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper discuss marijuana, crack/cocaine, tranquilizers, hallucinogens, amphetamines, heroin, alcohol, nicotine. and caffeine to provide a framework for the author's argument that the legalization of drugs can in no way be deemed ethical or moral. The author points out that caffeine is an amphetamine, but it doesn't stand out because it is legal; although the effects of overuse don't seem to be as serious as those of other "harder" drugs, caffeine can be a dangerous drug. The paper concludes that the only argument that can be used to justify the legalization of drugs is ethical formalism; therefore, with only one available argumentative system to justify drug legalization as a moral act, the author believes that the conclusion to reject the legalization is correct.
From the Paper
"What is a drug? A drug, as defined by "Webster's Dictionary" is: (1) a substance used as a medication or in the preparation of a medication, (2) a substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, (3) a substance other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body, (4) a substance that causes addiction or habituation. The fact that the definition of drugs has so many components may be the cause of why society cannot come up with an agreement about whether or not drugs should be legalized. The definition contains the medical use of drugs which in the majority of cases are pharmacological drugs that have been recognized by doctors and pharmacists and it also contains the negative side of drugs which is the fact that drugs can cause addiction or habituation and can affect the body and mind. All drugs affect the body and mind. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, illegal drugs, and the drugs that we sometimes fail to recognize as drugs because they are so common."
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Legalizing Drugs: Fiction or Fix, 2000.
Discusses the failure of the ?War on Drugs? and how legalizing drugs would change the role of the police from the enforcer, to the protector.
1,938 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the shortcomings of the current measures taken to curb the rising problem of drug abuse in America and how legalizing drugs would change the role of the police from the enforcer, to the protector. A discussion of the question of getting current abusers to stop their self-destructive ways and ways to prevent new drug abusers is given with a realistic looks at how the current systems tries to solve these problems. Also a short dissertation on how DARE has failed to prevent new drug abusers is also given.
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The War on Drugs: A Critical Perspective, 2002.
Discusses what aims our society seeks to achieve in criminalizing the use of drugs and how effective drug laws are in achieving those aims.
2,020 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
Gives a critical analysis of "the war on drugs". Through examination of the history and present motivations of drug laws, this paper argues that the reasons behind drug criminalization are invalid. The paper also shows that the current law enforcement approaches are ineffective in dealing with the drug problem.
From the Paper
"The illicit drug problem is seen as a paramount concern within all western communities and is clearly the source of some of society's most major public health issues. The so-called "War on Drugs" is given unprecedented resources in the area of law enforcement and often headlines our major media outlets. The reasons for our community seeking to criminalize drug use will be explored in the following essay by tracing drugs laws to the original sources of public concern and exploring how community concern has evolved since. It will be shown that the original notions that are the basis of drug criminalization have been flawed from their inception. Furthermore it will be illustrated how current and past drug laws have been completely ineffective in achieving the aims that society has sought to achieve through drug criminalization."
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Legalizing Drugs in America, 2006.
This paper argues in favor of legalizing drugs in the United States.
2,325 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper contends that the ongoing war on drugs has not succeeded and that drug use should be prevented rather than made illegal. This paper also examines the argument that drug use will dramatically decrease if all illegal substances are legalized. This paper also discusses how school programs educating students on the risks of substance abuse has had a dramatic impact on teenage drug use.
Topics covered in this paper include:
The War On Drugs
The Drug Business
Alcohol and Drugs
The Effect of Drug Education
Drugs and Jail
Addiction
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Because drugs are illegal, their cost is astronomical, providing enormous profits to those engaged in the business of importing, exporting and selling drugs. There is no question that legalization of drugs would put an immediate stop to this rich source of economic gain. Legal drugs could be sold at a reasonable price to those who choose to use them, and the illegal drug community would not be able to compete."
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Psychoactive Drugs and American Law, 2006.
An analysis of four psychoactive drugs and drug families that are commonly used and abused in America: nicotine, marijuana, anabolic steroids and alcohol.
1,399 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the American legislation that "controls" certain substances. The paper examines smoking laws and tobacco usage to determine the American use / abuse of nicotine. It also contrasts that with the greater illegality of marijuana, and compares that to sports drugs such as anabolic steroids. Finally, the paper reviews the history of alcohol legislation and abuse. In conclusion, the writer feels that nicotine and alcohol should be treated more as health hazards, in line with the legislative treatment accorded marijuana and metabolic steroids. Table of Contents: Legislation Affecting Drugs in the United States; Nicotine; Marijuana; Anabolic Steroids; Liquor; Bibliography
From the Paper
"Scheduling occurs according to certain criteria that are applied to drugs according to their medicinal value, harmfulness, and potential abuse or addiction to the drug. There are five schedules, of which Schedule I is assigned to the most dangerous drugs with the least medicinal value, with Schedule II-V being applied to drugs with decreasing danger and increasing medicinal value. Schedule V would then include the least dangerous of the drugs."
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Legalization of Drugs, 2007.
This paper examines the pros and cons of legalizing illicit drugs.
2,473 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the topic of drug legalization that is a heatedly contested debate. The paper discusses how those in favor of the liegalization of illicit drugs feel that drug laws have not significantly reduced the demand for drugs, but have only served to make the drug problem worse. They show how the illegal status of drugs has encouraged corruption among law enforcement and politicians. The paper also brings the arguments of those opposed to legalizing drugs who argue that it would cause increased drug use and crimes and would be a drain on the American economy.
Outline:
Introduction
Pros of Illicit Drug Legalization
Cons of Illicit Drug Legalization
From the Paper
"Proponents of drug legalization most often begin their debate with the statement that America's drug laws, as they currently stand, are ineffective. Programs such as "Just Say No" and "Zero Tolerance" have been unsuccessful (Linn, Yager & Leake). America, although fighting tenaciously, is losing the War on Drugs, and in fact, current drug policies have actually made the problem worse. A drug free America is simply unrealistic (Eldredge & McCollum). For this reason, they surmise that changes need to be made, and the legalization of the drugs being fought against currently, is one such advocated change, accentuated with the premise that in a truly free society, the government should not be able to regulate what drugs a person can or cannot take (Levinson; Messerli)."
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The Legitimization of Drugs.
This paper discusses various categories of drugs and the issue of their legitimization.
1,760 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the term 'drug' is extremely broad and can be used to describe nearly any substance, which has a discernible effect on the person using the drug. The author points out that the legalization status of drugs in general is widely varied: Some drugs are entirely legal, others are legal but require a prescription and still others are completely illegal. The paper states that if drug use is legalized, drug abuse would become a public health problem; therefore, the benefit to society is that the treatment of drug abusers would become health-focused rather than criminally-focused as it is now.
Table of Contents
Stimulants
Caffeine
Amphetamine
Other Stimulants including Ecstasy and Cocaine
Depressants
Alcohol
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepiness.
Drug Legalization
Definition of Drug Legalization
Arguments For and Against Legalization
Potential Effects of Drug Legalization
Drug Abuse after Legalization
From the Paper
"Caffeine is one of the most widely used drugs in the United States. It is a stimulant found in coffee, black tea, many soft drinks, and some other consumables. There are two primary steps in the way caffeine works. First, the drug interrupts a process in the nervous system that generally stems the body's release of adrenaline, causing more adrenaline than usual to be released into the body. Additionally, caffeine inhibits the reuptake of adrenaline by the nervous system, causing the heightened amounts of adrenaline to have a prolonged effect. ("Caffeine"). The purchase and consumption of caffeine is legal for all ages in the United States."
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War on Drugs, 2007.
This paper analyzes past, present and future implications of the criminal justice system for the war on drugs.
1,668 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the past history of the war on drugs is centered on the arrests made against non-violent criminals who were found guilt of carrying, using, and dealing many different types of drugs. In many cases, non-violent drug offenders were often placed into prisons or jails with violent offenders. The writer points out that this was often the case with the war on drugs, as the charges brought against these offenders would often bring about stiff sentences that made them eligible to be placed alongside violent criminals in prison populations. The writer then looks at changes in legislation regarding the use of drugs. The writer also discusses how the legalization of marijuana could be helpful in solving the high prison populations and growing violence associated with drug offenses. The writer concludes that the criminal justice system must begin to realize the inefficacy of inappropriate prison sentencing and brutal reactionary police force that is currently doing very little to help fight the war on drugs.
Outline:
A Past History: High Arrest Rates and Violent Crime for the War on Drugs
Present Issues in the Criminal Justice System and the Affects of the Drug War on Prison Populations
Legalization: Future Implications for the War on Drugs
From the Paper
"Since President Nixon officially declared war on the drug markets in America, these legislative actions have led to the arrest of many thousands of drug offenders nationwide. Ronald Reagan played a large part in organizing funding for police and for the prisons that would incarcerate drug offenders after arrests were made. The 1970s and the 1980s saw a steady growth of law enforcement directives that sought to arrest and take off the streets drugs that were said to be causing urban decay and increasing violence in local communities. The criminal justice system was given the edict of minimum sentences for drug abusers and dealers, since the law dictated an unlimited amount of prison time for persons carrying even the smallest amount of drugs in their position."
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Lifestyle Drugs, 2005.
A discussion on the importance of recreational and life style drugs.
2,220 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 29 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the expanding number of lifestyle drugs can soon be expected to reach the consumer driven marketplace. It looks at how this expanding availability of drugs that can be used to change appearance, cognitive and physical capacities is changing the social fabric of culture and poses a difficult challenge to healthcare service providers. It also discusses whether there is any actual physiological need for lifestyle drugs and contends that lifestyle drugs are a fact of modern culture and will continue to play an ever-increasing role in economy-health-society model.
Outline
Defining Lifestyle Drugs
Implications Inherent in the Definition of Lifestyle Drugs
Pharmacological Approaches to Problems of Lifestyle Choice
Consequences of Increasing Usage
Economic Considerations
Misuse of Lifestyle Drugs
Lifestyle Drug-Substitution Strategy
From the Paper
"A key element in the consideration of lifestyle drugs is how they are to be paid for. These new lifestyle drugs come at a time when health care budgets are universally stretched, funding of these drugs could only come at the expense of other more traditional medical treatments.
Lifestyle drugs which address impotence, hair loss, smoking cessation and obesity are rapidly increasing their market share of the pharmaceutical market (Dickman, 2001). In this regard, the pharmaceutical industry has made significant increases to their direct to consumer advertising, from 790million USD in 1996 to 1.8billion USD in 1999 in America alone (IMS Health Report, 2000). In the UK it was predicted that sildenafil alone would cost the health care system 1.3billion GBP (Beecham, 1999), actual costings so far haven't reached these proportions. However, health care budgets could be threatened by wide spread use of lifestyle drugs, especially since sildenafil is only the first of a new wave of lifestyle drugs. "
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The War on Drugs: Fighting a Losing Battle, 2001.
This paper explores drug prohibition in America. It is written from a point of view that supports the legalization of drugs. Political, constitutional and financial affects on American government are discussed.
3,087 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 11 sources, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the repercussions of drug prohibition. This paper is written from a point of view that supports the legalization of drugs. It explores the history of America?s ?War on Drugs? from a political and financial standpoint. Crime, civil liberties, foreign countries economies and medical uses for illegal drugs are discussed. Many of the statistics that are studied in this paper are taken from the DEA?s web site and proven to be invalid through outside sources. This paper looks at where the government funding for drug prohibition goes; it also looks at drug prices, crime rates and statistics pertaining to the inmate population of drug offenders.
From the Paper
"Every year America?s drug policies are debated in Washington. These drug policies are never debated seriously, the only aspect our elected representatives focus on is how much more money should America spend battling drugs. Outside of Washington there is a growing unease about the war on drugs. Many Americans are concluding that the drug war has been given a fair chance to work and has failed. America?s war on drugs is an unsuccessful battle, and it?s time for a governmental reform."
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The Rising Cost of Prescription Drugs, 2002.
An analysis of the factors which have caused the recent price hike in prescription drugs.
1,250 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In recent years the high costs of prescription drugs have generated a great deal of controversy. From the individual who is hit hard by rising drug costs, to insurance companies, federal politicians and large drug companies, almost every player in the controversy has an opinion on why prescription drugs cost so much money. This essay summarizes the reasons prescription drugs have risen in cost from several different points of view. First, a thorough discussion of the state of prescription drug costs is presented. Second, the drug companies? position on why prescription drugs cost so much money is given. Third, criticisms of the drug companies, and advocacy for decreasing the cost of prescription drugs are presented. Finally, a thorough conclusion contrasts the drug companies? position with criticisms and advocacy plans for decreasing prescription drug costs.
From the Paper
"The cost of prescription drugs has been increasing steadily over the past decade, and now has reached staggering amounts. In fact, prescription drug costs are currently the fastest growing expense in healthcare. For managed care companies, prescription drug costs are rising from between 16 to 22 percent each year. Further, the total cost of prescription drugs topped over $83 billion in 1997, marking an astronomical increase over the 1992 figure of $49 billion (BlueShield of Oregon, 1999). The cost of brand name drugs has been the primary contributor to this increase (Turkel)."
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The War on Drugs, 2007.
An analysis of the implications of the war on drugs on American society and law enforcement.
3,207 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the war on drugs in the United States. It looks at the history and development of the war on drugs from as early as 1906, up until 1998. The paper looks at how the war on drugs affects the economy due to its financial burden. In addition, the paper looks at how this war brings racial issues to the fore and how it affects the prison population.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History and Timeline of the War on Drugs
The Drain of the Economy due to the War on Drugs
The Economics of the War on Drugs
Race Issues linked to the War on Drugs
Prison Issues caused by the War on Drugs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are many different sides to this war, but none that can be answered simply. This is a continual war; we cannot win because it is fought over substances that will never disappear but will continually be created and have a surplus in demand that grows higher everyday. There have been laws that try to eliminate these illegal substances and the horrible effects that are caused through the practice of them; but these laws have not done enough to help and instead have just drained our economy. Our society is obliged to live by tough drug laws that put a large percentage of our population in prison, cause police brutality rates to increase and have increased racial stereotypes."
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The War on Drugs, 2007.
An argument against the legalization of drugs.
1,382 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper presents and disputes the most common reasons against the war on drugs. The paper argues against the assertions that the war on drugs is not working, that it is too expensive and that the legal system is an ineffective way to deal with drug users. The paper provides evidence that reveals how the war on drugs has reduced drug use, that the social costs of drugs far outweigh the cost of fighting them and that the legal system is necessary to deter crime and to cope with the violence associated with drug use. The paper concludes that the war on drugs is effective and should be continued.
From the Paper
"Anti-war on drug advocates make generalizations backed by poor research concerning drug use statistics to spread the belief that the war on drugs isn't working. One of their most unsupported claims is that drug use in the United States is on the rise. A variety of shoddy techniques are used to make drug use increases look larger than they actually are. For example, articles will make comparisons based on time frames that are too short to be completely relevant or make fluffy statements that are not based on any factual drug use data such as "The majority of Americans do not see the nation's illegal drug problem getting any better after years of increases in national spending." (Cromie, 1998)"
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