| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "DOUBLE CONSCIOUSNESS": |
|
|
"Double Consciousness", 2003.
A review of W.E.B Dubois literary piece "Double Consciousness".
1,457 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 48.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines W.E.B Dubois literary piece "Double Consciousness" about the conflict focusing around the life of colored people and their struggle to live life bound by the intense realms of racial injustice in a prejudicial American society. It looks at how Dubois shows how blacks had to live their life on a day to day basis, thinking of themselves with a ?double consciousness.? In one consciousness, colored people looked at themselves with an allegiance and pride of their African culture and its traditions and in the other were coerced to look at themselves in the way that the dominant culture perceived them to be. It shows how Dubois uses such techniques like mighty phrases of repetition, symbolic structures and unique narrative tone in order to convey his concept of ?double consciousness? into the mind of the reader.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, Dubois utilizes more elements of structural devices that enrich his essay. In the third paragraph of Dubois? literary piece, his tone is quite unique in relaying a message to the reader. In this last paragraph, Dubois places no periods until nearly the end of the paragraph. Indeed, the author does this for it provides the structure of the essay with a unique rhythm that overwhelms the reader with a series of ideas and vital conceptions. The narrative technique here raises the tone of the literary piece while formulating tension and surprise, which coerces the reader to keep reading to see how this immense tension will resolve."
| |
|
Consciousness, 2002.
A discussion of the many notions of consciousness and if they are all equally problematic.
2,472 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper attempts to answer the question ?what are the various concepts the term ?consciousness? picks out?? It outlines six different notions of consciousness, self-consciousness, minimal consciousness, perceptual consciousness, phenomenal consciousness, access consciousness and higher order consciousness and shows why they are not equivalent. It examines how every one of these concepts of consciousness is problematic in that they have all alluded a complete scientific explanation and how phenomenal consciousness and perceptual consciousness are more likely to allude scientific analysis than the others.
From the Paper
"Matters are different, however, when it comes to phenomenal consciousness (and therefore perceptual consciousness, for remember that perceptually conscious mental states are a subset of the phenomenally conscious ones). To be sure, phenomenally conscious mental states can and do represent the world and play an important role in producing behavior. That?s why so many mental states are both phenomenally conscious and access conscious. But an explanation of the functional role phenomenally conscious states play in can never be a complete explanation of those states. For such an explanation will inevitably leave something out of the picture. What will it leave out? An explanation of the subjective quality of the experience?something that can differ from individual to individual."
| |
|
Language, Consciousness, and Reality, 2005.
Examines Starhawk's philosophy that language shapes consciousness and consciousness shapes reality.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper focuses on Starhawk's philosophy that language shapes consciousness and consciousness shapes reality. Within the paper it is shown that Starhawk's belief is that language can have a deciding factor on a person's perception of themselves, and through this perception they develop concepts of reality in their consciousness. Therefore, this perception then shapes their reality.
From the Paper
"Reality, according to Starhawks, is a state in which we must find definition. It is how we define reality within our consciousness that ultimately determines the type of power that will control our lives. As individuals, what we perceive to be real will be. What we believe to be true will happen. The key to discovering a harmony in life is to come to the realization that people do have a final say in how their lives will be lived, and through the consciousness every individual can make that choice. To understand how this is possible the individual must first comprehend that there are powers in the world. Starhawks contends that there is the "power-over" which is any power that comes from outside of the individual that is controlling."
| |
|
"Souls of Black Folk", 2005.
Examines the theme of 'double consciousness' in this work by W.E.B. Du Bois.
1,389 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, $ 46.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In the "Souls of Black Folk," Du Bois entices the reader to try to understand what it is like to be a part of the world in which an African-American lives, an understanding of the souls of black folk. This paper shows that Du Bois's use of the term "Double Consciousness" refers to a sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others. The African community, described in the novel, is dealing with the issue of having being viewed through the eyes of another community, that community being the one of the white man.
From the Paper
"How does it feel to be the problem? Du Bois poses this question rhetorically in a manner that raises another question: Why are we the problem? Du Bois, who was raised in the North and South, educated in high honors from Harvard, and a modern 19th century man that on most scales would be not only equal, but also even superior to a majority of white Americans. Du Bois uses many statistics that show the progress of blacks in regards to education. His belief, different from Booker T. Washington, is that African Americans will rise and lift the veil through education, black suffrage, and civic equality."
| |
|
Marcus Garvey, 2004.
An analysis of Marcus Garvey and the issue of "double consciousness".
1,006 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how Marcus Garvey expanded on the model for black self-determination offered by Booker T. Washington and the concept of "two-ness" or "double consciousness" provided by W. E. B. DuBois. The paper presents an analysis of where these black leaders stood on these issues. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"While a number of divergent organizations have emerged since the end of the Civil War that reflected a wide range of ideologies, there have been some core components that were generally characteristic of the Black Nationalism tradition. The first component was the ardent belief that blacks in the U.S. were an oppressed nation or national minority, trapped inside a predominantly white society that had developed its own culture, social institutions and collective interests without regard to them. In this "double consciousness" setting of "we" and "them" then, black nationalists frequently considered themselves as being either people of African descent or Africans who just happened to be living in America at the time. Another key component of the Black Nationalism movement was the intuitive assessment by blacks that they would not be able to survive and thrive in a hostile environment unless they built their own institutions and enterprises to provide themselves with the goods, services and resources they would need to prosper."
| |
|
Double Jeopardy and Legislative Limitations, 2002.
An overview of the legal concept of Double Jeopardy which states that the same person cannot be tried twice for the same crime.
2,444 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The legal concept of ?Double Jeopardy? is a rather simple one to define and to understand; but .application of the Double Jeopardy standard is anything but easy or simple. The paper describes Double Jeopardy as a limitation in court proceedings that the same person cannot be tried for the same crime twice, regardless of the verdict or outcome of the first trial. But, as with all legal procedures and rules of order, there are exceptions to the rule. The paper shows that in cases where new evidence is found that can demonstrate a person?s innocence, a trial is considered warranted because the outcome could not adversely affect the person already convicted. If, however, the new evidence could prove an already determined innocent person guilty, then Double Jeopardy rules start being applicable. The paper concludes that Double Jeopardy actively prevents multiple prosecutions and overlapping punishments for the same crime.
From the Paper
"The key issue in our modern application of Double Jeopardy is whether or not it was intended to just limit the actions of the executive and judicial branches, or whether it was meant to include actions of the legislative branch. The Court's seeming unwillingness to decide if the Clause protects against legislative incursions upon Double Jeopardy values accounts for most of the confusion in Double Jeopardy jurisprudence. By this, it is meant that the Double Jeopardy Clause either does or does not limit Legislative ability to create new and additional punishments for the same crime. For example, does Double Jeopardy prevent Congress from making a law that allows for a person to be given additional punishments for every person secondarily affected by a murder (while current practice is to punish the crime itself, this hypothetical law would allow for the same crime?s punishment to be based upon the number of people in the family and community directly affected by the crime and to add additional years of punishment)."
| |
|
Consciousness, 2002.
A review of the various methods that have been used to study the nature of consciousness.
2,553 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper attempts to define the phenomena of consciousness. It studies the claims of scientists like John Searle, that there is a reductive, scientifically explainable process that results in consciousness. It discusses how philosophers like David Chalmers criticize the reductive explanation and how Chalmers argues for a more nuanced, dualistic view, one that recognizes the phenomenon?s more subjective and qualitative aspects.
Outline
Definitions of Consciousness
Is Consciousness Scientifically Explainable
The Limits of Scientific Explanation
Chalmers? Naturalist Dualism
Evaluation of the Scientific Model and Chalmers? Critiques
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The advent of computer technology and artificial intelligence has led to a refinement of the mind-body problem. A more accurate term would be the mind-brain relationship, as scientists are identifying the mind with the brain. The biochemical and biophysical findings continue to shed more light on mental actions and conscious thought. Many scientists now believe that brain processes are themselves mental processes, and that a scientific understanding of consciousness and other mental phenomenon rests on a greater understanding of the brain itself."
| |
|
The Double Jeopardy Clause, 2007.
An extensive discussion of the double jeopardy clause.
7,085 words (approx. 28.3 pages), 33 sources, APA, $ 158.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the Fifth Amendment, double jeopardy clause and the double jeopardy rule in England. The papre relates that, recently, England scrapped the 800-year old law to allow retrial of those defendants that had been acquitted of serious felony offenses. This paper visits the case of Mr. William Dunlop for the crime of murder and discusses the outcome of the case in detail. Several cases are also explored pertaining to the double jeopardy clause in the Fifth Amendment of the US Constitution. These cases help explain how the double jeopardy clause is affected by caselaw from the United States Supreme Court and how that influences the double jeopardy clause. The presentation before the courts of both sides of the issue presenting a pro/con or for/against are also discussed in detail.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Body of Paper
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The prosecution can appeal prior to trial commencing (see Serfass v. United States, 420 U.S. 377 [1975]) where the judge has ordered the dismissal of the indictment against the defendant. The prosecution may appeal a ruling after jeopardy has attached itself to the proceedings but prior to the termination of the proceedings, so long as the trial did not produce a basis of innocence for the accused (see United States v. Scott, supra, 687). The prosecution may not appeal an acquittal. Even if the judge or jury order the acquittal, double jeopardy attaches itself after the acquittal has been established."
| |
|
The Philosophy of Mind and Consciousness - An Overview., 2001.
This paper examines an integral part of the philosophy of mind: Consciousness - the most obvious, yet most mysterious feature of our minds.
1,958 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 7 sources, $ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
After defining 'consciousness' in this paper, the author shows that the very fact that we all have privileged access to our consciousness and cannot analyze it from an outsider?s point-of-view is a major reason why consciousness remains so mysterious. In addition, he puts forward his view that inevitably, a scientific explanation of consciousness will be possible.
From the Paper
"It is very hard to find an analogy to describe consciousness. We know nothing in the scientific world that draws a parallel with it. Consciousness is unable to be measured or analysed because at present we know of no connection between itself and the physical body, even if there happens to be a portion of the brain where consciousness is localised. We all experience privileged access to our own consciousness, yet how can we determine for sure that other people and creatures are also conscious beings when there is no sure-fire way to prove this? How do chemical reactions and neural processes in the body trigger conscious events? This is what makes consciousness so mysterious. We take it for granted and all regard ourselves as conscious beings, yet very rarely do we actually stop to think about what it is and how it came to be."
| |
|
The Problem of Consciousness, 2006.
This paper uses two different theories by John R. Searle and David J. Chalmers in order to discuss the problem of consciousness.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This essay looks at two works that attempt to deal with the problem of consciousness. These works are "Minds, Brains, and Programs" by John R. Searle and "Facing up to the Problem of Consciousness" by David J. Chalmers. The writer points out that there are many similarities between these works. However, there are also a wide range of differences. It is argued in this essay that Chalmers provides the better explanation for consciousness. The writer maintains that this is because he uses a non-reductive method to try and explain the nature of consciousness based on the idea that experience is a fundamental.
From the Paper
"Consciousness is one of the most problematic concepts in philosophy, psychology, neurobiology and a wide range of other disciplines."
| |
|
Consciousness and Animals, 2002.
An analysis of the misconception that no other living creature could possibly rise to the same level of consciousness as a human being.
6,183 words (approx. 24.7 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 145.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The main point of this paper is that consciousness is not something that is specific to human beings; but that man is likely the only species that truly does not understand the depth and intensity that animals possess in their special consciousness. It analyzes various ways in which man acts towards animals that shows how insensitive we are to other living creatures' consciousness - they are used for experiments, as a food source, in labor, etc. The paper argues humanity has taken advantage of the animal kingdom, while at the same time given nothing back in return with regard to a level of appreciation for nonhuman sentience. It examines research in the field which proves that animals do have definite levels of consciousness and different animal species are compared to each other to determine their level.
From the Paper
"What is consciousness if not the awareness that one exists and, therefore, acts upon that knowledge as a means by which to maintain survival? Just because animals do not outwardly possess the prerequisites of consciousness set down by man's definition does not mean they do not exhibit their own consciousness in various other -- and significantly more elusive -- ways. When science has taken to task the issue of animal consciousness, it has typically pitted several species against one another as a means by which to establish some semblance of conscious behavior. Results from these types of research methods have consistently demonstrated a considerable divergence between and among species residing at varying rungs upon both the evolutionary and supraliminal ladders."
| |
|
Double Jeopardy, 2004.
An overview of the philosophy, origin, history, development, and scope of the double jeopardy clause.
2,377 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how the double jeopardy clause is part of the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and categorically prohibits re-trial for the same offense. It looks at how the rule is aimed at restricting the powers of the government, protect the individuals from uncertainty about their fate, and encourage ?finality? in the criminal justice system. It provides an overview of the double jeopardy clause and also includes an analysis of the clause aimed at deciphering its exact meaning and intent, differing interpretations of the rule by U.S. courts, and the pros and cons of the rule.
Outline
The Underlying Philosophy
Origins and History
Development and Scope
Contradictory Rulings
Pros and Cons of the Double Jeopardy Clause
What Should be Done?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The double jeopardy rule is said to have its origins in the controversy between the King of England, Henry II and Thomas Becket in the 12th century AD over the issue that clerics convicted in a religious court may not be punished again in the King?s court. The maxim of ?no man ought to be punished twice for the same offence? was in turn based on St Jerome?s commentary in AD 391 on the prophet Nahum: ?For God judges not twice for the same offence.? Over the following centuries, legal theorists such as Englishmen Edward Coke and William Blackstone recognized the importance the ?double jeopardy? principle. Specific prohibition of multiple trials for the same offense, however, was not enshrined in British law. Only in very special circumstances could a defendant plead prior conviction or acquittal to defeat the prosecution."
| |
|
The Ape and Human Consciousness, 2002.
A research paper discussing the similarities and differences between ape and human consciousness.
1,448 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper defines the word consciousness and questions whether chimpanzees and other apes do indeed possess all three traits that make up consciousness as we know it: language, self-awareness, and theory of mind. The paper gives examples from animal communication research which show that they perhaps do possess these traits. It then looks at the critics of this theory who claim that the difference between the human and ape consciousness is vast and that apes cannot really claim to possess language, self-awareness and a theory of mind skills.
From the Paper
"One of the original researchers using sign language with apes, Herb Terrace is now a critic. Terrace placed a chimpanzee named Nim in a community of people using sign language to see if he would pick up the language, but found that only by bribing him with treats did he learn (Wynne 52). Terrace realized that Nim was simply using signs that his trainers had used in their question, so in effect he was just echoing what had been said (Wynne 52). Regarding Washoe?s description of a swan as ?waterbird,? it is noted that perhaps she was simply naming two things she saw, water and bird. As far as Kanzi?s ability to pick up symbolic language from observation of her mother?s training, it must be noted that Kanzi was rewarded for her use of symbols and usually given the things that she named (Wynne 52)."
| |
|
Double Jeopardy, 2004.
A look at the rule of double jeopardy in the legal system and whether this is an unnecessary loophole.
1,052 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper argues that, despite ambiguities, the provision of double jeopardy provides important protections against tyranny, harassment, and malicious prosecution. Furthermore, there are already adequate exceptions to the double jeopardy rule to ensure against criminals being able to take advantage of such ?technicalities.? Given these arguments, this paper maintains that the double jeopardy rule must continue to be upheld.
From the Paper
"The Fifth Amendment of the Constitution specifies a Double Jeopardy Clause. This clause expressly states that no person shall "be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb" (Constitution, Amendment V). This principle was enshrined expressly to protect individual citizens from excesses of the state or representatives of the government. The Fifth Amendment?s provision regarding double jeopardy thus functions to protect individuals from harassment or tyranny by those in authority."
| |
|
The ?Double? and Wilkie Collins, 2006.
Examines how author, Wilkie Collins, uses the literary device known as the 'double', in his work, "The Dead Hand".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The "double" was a symbolic device commonly used in the nineteenth century. Famous examples include Victor Frankenstein and his monster and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. This paper shows that Wilkie Collins used the "double" several times in his fiction. It shows, however, that in "The Dead Hand," Collins used the symbolism of the double in a different way than other nineteenth century authors.
From the Paper
"Another way Collins' use of the double in this story contradicts typical nineteenth century use is that Holliday destroys his brother's life unintentionally. This approach is very different from other nineteenth century authors. For example, in Frankenstein, the monster deliberately kills Victor's wife in retaliation for Victor's refusal to create a mate for the monster. In "The Dead Hand." while the narrator and reader soon realize the bitter young man Holliday revived is his brother, Holliday himself does not realize it, nor does he realize the woman he loves was engaged to his brother."
|
|
|
