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If I Had a Million Dollars ..., 2002.
This paper is a piece of creative writing explaining how the writer would go about setting up a business.
640 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 22.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper takes us through the imaginary processes s/he would conduct to set up a new business - inventing, producing, and marketing one of his/her own product ideas. S/he begins with the setting of goals and priorities. Next s/he discusses the establishment of an independent enterprise and the utilization of the Small Business Administration to do so. Finally, s/he explains the products s/he would like to invent (technology for handicapped persons) and gives a proposed marketing strategy.
From the Paper
"If I had one million dollars to start a business I would want to first set my goals and priorities. The first, and most obvious goal is to make money. However, there must be something else. I would like my business to help people and do some good in world, I would want to fulfill some need and make people?s lives better in someway. I have many ideas for inventions to make people?s lives better and this is where I would start. I would like to invent, produce, and market one of my own product ideas."
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Case Study: Family Dollar Stores, 2005.
This paper describes the Family Dollar stores in which the merchandise rarely costs more than a few dollars.
2,712 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the company mission statement, vision, and strategic issues of the Family Dollar stores. The author points out the significance of these new types of merchandisers. The paper considers strategy alternatives and recommendation at Family Dollar stores.
From the Paper
"While so-called big box retailers, such as Best Buy, Home Depot and Wal-Mart, have received much attention in recent years and have in someways changed retailing in the United States, another significant shift has been underway among smaller retailers, who offer general merchandise. These so-called dollar stores offer merchandise that rarely exceeds a few dollars in price on a per-unit level and considerable inroads have been made by companies such as the Cent Store Big Lots and Family Dollar. The strategy behind these ..."
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Decline of a Confident Dollar, 2005.
A discussion about how the American government's fiscal policy is not reflected in the rate that the dollar is declining.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a thorough examination of the causes of the weak U.S. dollar and a discussion of both the pros and cons of the current Bush dollar policy. The paper questions what the dollar policy of the Bush Administration should be. After understanding the effects of the dollar policy, the paper shows that the administration should promote a stable dollar through increased fiscal discipline. This would show the world that the U.S. is not pushing its debt problems on them, eliminating the uncertainty of currency markets. With a stable dollar policy, the U.S. could improve the domestic economy, while no longer economically alienating the rest of the world.
From the Paper
"Former presidents George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and Andrew Jackson may not have had similar leadership strategies, but each were powerful figures of American history. Their contributions to the development of the United States helped it become the most powerful nation in the world, and today their involvement is acknowledged, as portraits of each grace a form of American currency. Their pictures symbolize American history and, more importantly, power. While the United States continues to hold a central role in global markets, its hegemony is increasingly threatened. The decline in value of the US dollar over the last three years may be symbolic of dwindling American dominance, thus the fall of the dollar is being closely examined. Many countries feel the US lives beyond its means. A weak US dollar helps boost US exports, in effect decreasing trade deficits by allowing the world to buy American debt. The current administration provides meaningless sound bites to the media, proclaiming publicly that it wants a strong currency while quietly allowing the dollar to decline. Other domestic policies seem to promote the idea that America is doing little to promote a strong dollar, such as an expanding defense budget and calls for social security reform. If the US continues to show such disregard for foreign opinion, the results may be devastating."
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Dollarization, 2005.
A review of literature and discussion on dollarization.
2,530 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper considers ten articles regarding dollarization. It explores the effects of official and unofficial dollarization. The author discusses problems with the de facto dollarization of economies. The paper explains three types of dollarization. The author concludes with a discussion on the political dimensions of dollarization, and other issues.
From the Paper
"Dollarization occurs when a country either formally or informally uses another country's currency rather than its domestic currency as the primary medium of exchange. Informally individual businesses or citizens ..."
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Valuation of the Dollar, 2005.
A historical analysis of the valuation of the U.S. dollar.
3,447 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This study examines the historical basis for the valuation of the U.S. dollar, the impact of recent trends and initiatives including but not limited to the euro and an analysis of how these factors will serve to affect the dollar's valuation in the future. This study examines a wide range of international currencies, with an emphasis on the world's leading economies besides the U.S. and EU such as China, Japan, Korea and others, with a particular emphasis on how these currencies have tended to interact with the U.S. dollar over the years. Current theories concerning currency valuation techniques will be provided, and statistical analyses are also carried out where appropriate.
Outline:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Overview of Study
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview: International Currency Exchanges
Current Trends and Initiatives
Impact of the Euro on Dollar Valuation
Analysis of Current Trends and Initiatives on Dollar Valuation in the Future
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Chapter 4: Data Analysis
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"According to Michael Artis, Elizabeth Hennessy, and Axel Weber (2000), capital losses can be caused by differential changes in the value of assets and liabilities, primarily exchange rate changes; these changes affect the value of a central bank's foreign exchange reserves. To date, exchange rate changes have only been a major problem for national central banks with very large foreign exchange reserves (i.e., Portugal); however, it might also become a problem for the European Central Bank in the future, whose balance sheet on the asset side will be dominated by the approximately 40 billion euro in foreign exchange reserves it has called up from the national central banks as of the end of 1999 (Artis et al. 208). The strength of the euro compared to the U.S. dollar has been growing in recent months, and economists are of mixed opinions about the impact on the valuation of the dollar as the European Union continues to gain economic momentum as it streamlines it trading practices."
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Ecuador: The Road to Dollarization and Beyond, 2004.
This paper discusses the use of the dollar currency in Ecuador, how it reached this stage, and how it affects the economy.
5,987 words (approx. 23.9 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies five persistent factors that have determined the historical trajectory in Ecuador?s exchange-rate policy and threatened its long-term macroeconomic stability: (a) chronic inflation, (b) over-dependence on commodity exports, (c) excessive borrowing, (d) institutional weaknesses in the financial system, and (e) weak public administration. It assesses the merits of dollarization by discussing to what extent these problems have been mitigated or solved. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 1 provides an historical overview of the important events surrounding Ecuador?s exchange rate policy, beginning with the adoption and management of the floating rate in early 1990s, leading up to dollarization in the year 2000, and highlighting the state of affairs in the country since then; Section 2 describes the process by which Ecuador implemented dollarization; Section 3 provides an analysis of the pros and cons of dollarization in Ecuador; Section 4 discusses whether Ecuador really had any choice but to dollarize, given the option of adopting a currency board instead; and in Section 5, the writer provides some concluding comments.
From the Paper
"Ecuador is one of the 15 countries in the world today that uses the U.S. dollar as its official domestic currency and legal tender . The case of Ecuador?s dollarization is unique for two reasons; first, this is by far the largest country to fully dollarize its economy, and second, the purpose of dollarization was not to reap the benefits of a regional or trade-based currency union, but to provide quick stabilization to a volatile macroeconomic environment. The Ecuadorian sucre experienced several different exchange rate systems on the road to dollarization, including a fixed exchange rate regime during the seventies, an unwieldy floating rate system in the late eighties and early nineties featuring four different exchange rates simultaneously in operation, a unified and managed floating rate mechanism subject to a crawling peg band for most of the nineties, and finally, a free float in 1999. During this period, Ecuador experienced a steady increase in the level of unofficial, spontaneous dollarization, to the extent that the economy was operating in a dual-currency environment. Full, official and formal dollarization was declared in January 2000, at a time when the country was suffering from the worst recession in its independent history, a severe banking crisis, and hyperinflation."
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The Euro vs. the Dollar, 2004.
Explores the effects of the euro on the dollar and the future of both currencies.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at many aspects of the euro vs. the American dollar issue. The paper looks at the strength of the euro in proportion to the dollar, the benefits and disadvantages to both Europe and the U.S. of a strong euro or a strong dollar, and the possible future of both the euro and the American dollar.
From the Paper
"In today?s modern market, two currencies stand out, those of the United States dollar and the Euro. Until recently, the dollar was considered the strongest currency and the default currency for the world (Landler, May 18, 2003). Yet with Euro gaining considerable ground in many countries, the future of both the euro and the dollar is undecided."
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The Dollarizing of Argentina?s Economy, 2002.
An in-depth study of the use of the American Dollar currency to halt the hyperinflation in Argentina.
6,445 words (approx. 25.8 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 149.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth analysis of the ?dollarizing? of Argentina?s economy. It describes the affects of the Convertibility Plan aimed at ending the soaring inflation in the late 80s and reorganizing the national economy. The plan replaced the Argentine peso with the U.S. dollar in the hope of eliminating the peso-dollar exchange-rate risk, lowering interest rates and stimulating economic growth. The author gives a brief overview of the economy of Argentina and its history and describes the continuous protests and national strike since 1996. The paper also looks at the ?social costs? of the economic success in Argentina.
From the Paper
"The ?dollarizing? of Argentina?s economy was the product of the genius of Domingo Cavallo, finance minister of former President Carlos Saul Menem, under a Convertibility Plan aimed at putting the country?s chillingly soaring inflation in the late 80s to a sudden stop (Mark Falcoff) and then saving and re-ordering the economy as a whole. No more Argentinean money to be printed than there were dollars in circulation ? a radical measure, which worked. But it also created more trouble by raising prices above those of the United States and resulted in slow capital inflows and high unemployment rate (17% in 1997) and the consequent overthrow of President Menem after 10 years of rule.
The Convertibility Plan replaced the Argentine peso with the US dollar in the hope of eliminating the peso-dollar exchange-rate risk, lowering interest rates and stimulating economic growth (Hanke & Schuler 1999) The one-on-one rate (1 Argentine peso to US$1) induced currency stability and helped achieve free-market reforms and high growth, but this streak of genius ?proved to be more a manipulation than miracle, because it came the price of selling off national industries, services and resources (Looksmart).? These resources included airlines, telephones, railroads, subways, roads, even the control of the petroleum industry. The Plan stabilized the currency all right, but eventually damaged export trade ?by shoring up the peso? (Looksmart) ?
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Dollar Depreciation, 2003.
A discussion of the arguments for and against depreciating the dollar against other currencies.
3,438 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how dollar depreciation is thought by many to be a good method of increasing output, investment, and employment, while at the same time helping to reduce the current account deficit. It analyzes the effects of a weak dollar on output in merchandising industries as well as in the aggregate, investment, employment, inflation, and the balance of payments. Theoretical models, as well as empirical data, are used to come to the conclusion that depreciating the dollar is harmful to the U.S. economy.
From the Paper
"One argument is that dollar depreciation relative to other currencies will increase output and profits for firms that export goods. The simplest form of this argument states that a weaker dollar will make American exports comparatively cheaper and therefore, foreign consumers will demand more U.S. exports. This increased demand for exports will increase output for American firms. For example, say the dollar depreciates relative to the euro. Where consumers could once buy $1.10 for one euro they can now buy $1.20. "
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The Dollar Exchange Rate, 2006.
An overview of the the evolution of the U.S. dollar exchange rate over a period of two years with three specific countries.
927 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by examining the evolution of the US Dollar/Japanese Yen exchange rate from the 1st of January 2003 to the 1st of January 2005. The paper examines this exchange rate from a bilateral trade and foreign investment perspective and then goes on to take a look at the Indian Rupee-US Dollar exchange rate as well as the Mexican Peso-U.S. Dollar exchange rate from the same perspective.
From the Paper
"If we look closer on the graph, we will see brief periods of appreciation for the US dollar in March and June 2004. These may correspond to the periods when the Federal Reserve decided to raise interest rates in the US in order to fight rising inflation. Indeed, in order to encourage economic growth, the level of interest rates in the US had reached some of the lowest levels in history, 1 %, before gradually rising (they presently stand at 3 %). Each 0.25 % increase in the interest rate boosted confidence in the US dollar."
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The Fall of the U.S. Dollar, 2005.
A look at the effects of the devaluation of the dollar.
1,259 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the U.S. dollar and the effects of its devaluation. The paper also argues the pros and cons of a weak dollar and examines measures the U.S. government and consumer can take to slow or prevent the the dollar's decline.
From the Paper
"Since the beginning of advanced civilization, trade and economy has revolved around currency. Currency provides a uniform medium for the exchange of goods and services, and facilitates economic activity. As world economies become more and more reliant upon each other, the difference in valuation of national currencies becomes increasingly important in projecting markets. For the purposes of this paper, I will explore why the United States dollar has fallen recently in the context of macroeconomics, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of a "strong" national currency."
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The Devaluation of the Dollar, 2007.
A discussion on the the devaluation of the American dollar and its impact on India.
1,548 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the United States dollar has declined in value in the global economy. The paper examines how this devaluation has caused, and may continue to cause, problems in multiple nations around the world whose economy, at least partially, depends upon the value of United States currency. This paper explores the drop in value of the U.S. dollar, and examines the effects of such a drop on a particular country of interest, that of India. The paper concludes that, for India, the outsourced IT sector and many export industries, such as steel, software, and other goods and services industries, are and will continue to be harmed by the weakened dollar.
From the Paper
"In addition to simple increases in prices for offshore U.S. companies, many of the IT service contracts and other offshore contracts are being redesigned, in an effort to share the burden of a devalued dollar between the U.S. holding company and the outsourced Indian corporation. By raising prices, but locking in those prices for specific time frames, or by giving a low introductory rate for outsourcing, while including formulas for gradual increases, these outsourcing firms can effectively balance the need for U.S. business with the growing concern over the weak dollar (Thibodeau and Hoffman, 2004)."
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The U.S. Dollar, 2005.
This paper discusses the history and economic position of the U.S. dollar.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in macroeconomics terms, the U.S. dollar appears to be the currency holding the greatest global power because it is the dominant reserve currency, now comprising 68 percent of global reserves as compared with 51 percent of global currency reserves just a decade ago. The author points out that liberal U.S. foreign and domestic policies influenced the success of the American currency because the United States was able to maintain only the minimum of trade barriers with Western Europe, Japan and South Korea. The paper relates that some critics hail the decline of the dollar as a much-needed reestablishment of economic balance between the United States and the rest of the world; however, other critics see the decline of the dollar as a path towards local economic growth and prosperity within the United States' borders.
From the Paper
"Historically, the extreme strength of the dollar was gained after World War II, when there was a decline in the value of the currency holding power until this event, the British pound sterling. At the verge of becoming a globally accepted standard currency, the Second World War decimated Britain in terms of power and economy, while the United States readily stepped in to fill the gap. The first major influencing factor on the dollar thus appears to be the decline of the then major currency in the world."
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The Euro vs. the Dollar, 2001.
This paper takes a look at dollar and Euro movements in 2001.
1,250 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the financial movement of the Euro vs. the dollar during the calender year 2001. It looks at the efforts by the European Central bank to maintain stability and what measures it is taking. It also describes the difficulties in the financial markets of late due to economic insecurity and how this has had an effect on these currencies' movements.
From the paper:
"The future of the euro vis-?-vis the dollar is naturally of concern to the this foreign currency management department of this bank given the potential to disruption in the U.S. economy at large if the euro experiences substantial fluctuations as well as the potential disruption to the activities to this particular bank that such changes in the status of this currency vis-?-vis the dollar might portend. In this regard, it is important to note that the future of the euro is actually somewhat brighter now than it was at the beginning of this calendar year."
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Ecuador and Dollarization, 2002.
Examines Ecuador's move to 'dollarize' its economy and the results of this decision.
1,972 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The country of Ecuador has, over the past several years, seen its economy reach crisis level, resulting in the devaluation of its currency, the closing of many schools, a crisis in confidence by both Ecuadorans and people in many other countries and substantial political upheaval as the government has repeatedly ? and rapidly ? changed hands. The causes for the country?s economic failure are complex and interlinking. This paper examines one of the most important causes - the country?s exchange rate and the relationship between the its economic situation and the dollarization of the economy (the extensive use of the U.S. dollar alongside or instead of the domestic currency).
From the Paper
"One possible solution to the country?s economic problems (although this may only be a short-term one) is dollarization. In large measure because of the ways in which Ecuador?s economy has been weakened through international banking policies (including those instituted by both the IMF and the World Bank), Ecuadorans have for several years sought refuge in the process of dollarization ? a move that was initially at least made out of desperation. The move to dollarization was made in part because of problems internal to Ecuador?s economic situation and in part due to a domino effect common in Latin America in which problems in one country spill over to others. "
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