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Discourse and Knowing, 2004.
This paper discusses the views of different philosophers.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of discourse and knowledge. The writer examines the works and views of five different philosophers in order to study the subject of discourse and knowing. In this article, the writer discusses the beliefs of Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, C. L. R. James, Audre Lorde and Edward Said in order to examine the relationship between discourse and knowledge.
From the Paper
"Several different thinkers, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, C. L. R. James, Audre Lorde and Edward Said all undertook an analysis of the nature and value of discourse and the relationship between forms of discourse and such variables as knowledge and the location of the knowing or the speaking subject. This essay drawing upon the works by these philosophers will examine these relationships, arguing that not only is discourse shaped by knowledge on the part of the speaker and the listener but ... "
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Knowing How vs. Knowing Then, 2005.
This paper discusses the philosophical aspect of knowing something, making use of the thoughts of philosopher, Gilbert Ryle.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concepts of knowing and believing in something. The writer points out that the knowledge of something is different from the knowledge of objects. Using the philosophies of Gilbert Ryle, the writer examines the issues of knowing, believing and true judgement.
From the Paper
"What is the difference between knowing how and knowing then? What is the difference in knowing something and believing in something? How does this help with the issue of whether mental properties can be reduced to some physical description? These questions have been addressed by the philosopher, Gilbert Ryle. People can know different objects or things, but knowing something or believing in it is quite different than the knowledge of objects. Cats, dogs, or mice are objects that a person can know exists. Why? They can be physically touched and seen. "Things, realities, or objects are known, and are affirmed to exist in true judgment". Now on the other hand, judgment is not something that a person can physically know. Judgment has no physical qualities such as the ability to pick judgment up. There is a difference between "sense acquaintance from knowledge"."
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Critical Discourse Analysis, 2005.
This paper is a methodological study using critical discourse analysis to interrogate the assumptions underlying critical race theory in educational research.
25,870 words (approx. 103.5 pages), 92 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses critical discourse analysis (CDA) as used to analyze a Critical Race Theory (CRT) case study, which investigated reflective discourses of three co-directors of a Canadian summer institute on multi-culturalism and diversity. The author points out that CDA analysis of the discourses was undertaken using Clegg's six criteria of language-power discourse within groups and organizations as variables for the analysis: (1) Values, (2) rules, (3) power, (4) discretion, (5) organization and (6) paradox. The paper concludes that CDA, when used in its pure form for CRT analysis, represented a very slow and painstaking task; however, using Cleggs criteria was efficient and yielded flaws in the methodology of the case study approach.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
Research Question
Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
Assumptions
Limitations
Delimitations
Literature Review
Introduction
Literature on Educational and Qualitative Research
Differences between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Definition, Types, and Uses of Qualitative Research
Overview of Critical Race Theory (CRT): Its Purposes, Assumptions, and Limitations
Descriptive CRT Literature
Origins of Critical Race Theory (CRT)
The Power of Storytelling
Descriptive Literature on Race and Multiculturalism
Enter "CRT-Light": Public Education Trends of the 1970's and 1980's
The 1990's and Beyond
Review of Critical Race Theory (CRT) Case Studies
Case Study 1: 'Thinking the Practice': Academic Adult Educators' Reflections on Mediating a Summer Institute as a Multicultural Learning Journey for Graduate Students'
Patti's Reflections: 'Walking on Quicksand'
Shahrzad's Reflections: 'Marginality of the 'Subject'; 'Subjectivity' of the Margin
Andre's Reflections: 'The Personal is Pedagogical'
Case Study 2: 'A Critical Race Analysis of Latino(a) and African American Advanced Placement Enrollment in Public High Schools'
Case Study 2's Methodology
Case Study 2 Results
Discussion, Recommendations and Conclusions
Case Study 3: 'Understanding Cheating in Nepal'
Case Study 4: 'The Acceptance of a Multicultural Education among Appalachian College Students'
Survey Instrument Content and Methods
Survey Distribution Methods
Case Study Survey Results
Other CRT Case Studies, Briefly Described
Conclusion
Research Methods
Introduction
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a Method
Origins of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)
Conclusions
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) Used to Interrogate Two Critical Race Theory Case Studies
The Case Study: 'Thinking the Practice': Academic Adult Educators' Reflections on Mediating a Summer Institute as a Multicultural Learning Journey for Graduate Students'
Values
Power
Rules
Discretion
Organization
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The researcher for the present study also believed that ethnographic research elements were strongly present within secondary data for the study. This was because various pieces of both descriptive and case study literature, used as data for the present study, consisted of analysis and interpretation of other researchers' observations of day-to-day activities, over time, of particular groups that were observed first-hand (e.g., graduate students attending a summer institute on diversity; middle school students in Nepal; students in university basic writing and college composition courses). In addition, results of previously-conducted (by other researchers) ethnographic research, e.g., participant observation accomplished by the researcher over time were used, within the present study, as secondary data."
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Classroom Discourse, 2004.
Discusses the structure of classroom discourse.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an introduction and discussion of classroom discourse. The paper discusses the types of discourse situations in classrooms and analyzes current thinking about classroom discourse.
From the Paper
"Teaching is a demanding profession in which no two students are alike and no two days are alike. Teachers are responsible for motivating, liberating, educating and inspiring their students. Ira Shor, in "Empowering Education", suggests that good teachers do not talk at their students they talk with them. Similarly, a good teacher will not impart information unilaterally to students but will dialogue with students and encourage students to share their opinions. Ideally, such discussions will be simultaneously spontaneous and structured. David Reynolds, in "Educational Review" disagrees with..."
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Discourse in a Computer-Mediated Forum, 2004.
An analysis of discourse in a computer-mediated forum, MSN Zone's Spades Rooms (Lobby).
2,716 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The discourse analysis approach to understanding human communication is used to examine the discourse that takes place in a computer-mediated forum. An overview of the forum is followed by a review of how discourse analysis works and how it can be applied to this research project. A description of the analytic technique is followed by a discussion of the findings and a summary of the research in the conclusion. Relevant appendices with original research findings and explanatory notes are also provided.
From the Paper
"The amount of empirical work employing the discourse analysis approach has increased in recent years, as organizational researchers have embraced the methods established in other domains of study to explore organizations (Hardy, 2001). The discourse analysis approach to understanding human communication described by Wood and Kroger and others is used in this research project to examine the discourse that takes place in a computer-mediated forum."
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Bob Dylan and Social Discourse., 2002.
An overview of the Habermasian theory of social discourse and application to the songs od Bob Dylan.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the Habermasian theory of social discourse and whether or not Bob Dylan fits in its mode. Habermasian is identified and outlined to understand this theory. Bob Dylan's song lyrics are looked at so as to understand whether or not Bob Dylan fits into this theory.
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Esther Meek and Knowing God, 2006.
This paper describes Esther Meek's work "Longing to Know and the Complexities of Knowing God."
1,381 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explores Esther Meek's religious treatise "Longing to Know and the Complexities of Knowing God." In the paper, the author describes Meek as trying to bring the philosophy of knowledge to the average person. Additionally, the paper focuses on Meek's suggestions that knowledge acquisition is more a skill that people can adopt and subsequently practice and refine as an art form.
From the Paper
"Meek asserts that mankind should submit themselves to the pattern they have shaped or recognized and chosen through confidence and learning (Meek, 2003). Doing so results in rational though processes that help making understand the world around him an his or her role in the world. To survive and in essence to thrive mankind must sustain themselves based on certain patterns they discern like the patterns one discerns from the magic eye. They must do so with confidence and assertion, which suggests a rational approach to living and which in essence sustains our very existence through rational thinking or though processes."
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Legal Discourse and Feminism, 2002.
The paper discusses the way legal practices and discourse are still gender biased towards men.
1,279 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the ways the law defines women's rights and sex equality. The paper explains that despite the growing numbers of female lawyers, current legal discourse remains sexist in its continued reference to "man" as the standard. It also shows how the courts consistently refer to women by their biological disposition, which affects the social perception of females as a whole.
From the Paper
"A feminist oriented theory of discourse must explain how social identities are constructed, how power is contested by the marginalized and how to formulate strategies for social change (McDorman, 1998, p. 27). A feminist perspective of legal discourse challenges our history of gender construction and destruction, which can only be examined for the benefit of society as a whole. One of the greatest goals of feminist jurisprudence is to overcome the "separation between women's socially constructed identities and their unrecognized and undervalued potentials" (McDorman, 1998, p. 27). Because despite the significant advancements made by women since the rejuvenation of the women's movement in the 1970s,the law continues to limit women's rights when compared to those accorded to men based on women's perceived limited physical capabilities (McDorman, 1998, p. 27)."
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Fred Block's "Postindustrial Possibilities: A Critique of Economic Discourse", 2007.
This paper analyzes Fred Block's book "Postindustrial Possibilities: A Critique of Economic Discourse", which focuses on economic sociology.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Fred Block in his book "Postindustrial Possibilities: A Critique of Economic Discourse" states that today's society has passed the industrial stage and has moved onto a new nameless stage. The author points out that, according to Block, the postindustrial trends are the increasing importance of services and decreased importance in goods, computer-based automation and a less patriarchal society. The paper relates that, in addition to including traditional economists such as Marx, the social economist Karl Paul Polanyi is referenced often in this book. The author underscores that the book includes ideas of Ruth Cowan, who believes that domestic work is not taken into account in the GNP, which makes the output status somewhat inapt. The paper agrees with Block's conclusion that society desires objects of qualitative over quantitative.
From the Paper
"The chapter on labor showed that skill has actually increased since the 1970s even though robots and computers have been replacing human labor. People today become extremely knowledgeable on very little - we are all specialized. The capacity to work is a socially produced - it is not instinctive. The argument that economists do not properly analyze contemporary production is based on theoretical, empirical, and alternative views to the efficiency of labor."
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The Journey to Knowing Thyself, 2004.
A discussion of the contribution of the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle to the journey of knowing oneself.
2,948 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Delphic Oracle implores us to ?Know Thyself? and how, while this seems like a simple enough statement, a real effort to try and know thyself reveals that it is a very difficult task. In an attempt to know his Self, the author draws upon the guidance of other individuals who have thought about the same issues and, in particular, looks at how three of the major philosophers that have written about the issue are Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. The author considers what guidance they can offer by looking at their writings on the subject and applying their thoughts to his own situation in order to provide some guidance to begin the difficult journey of knowing oneself.
From the Paper
"The major point that Socrates made was that nobody does wrong willingly. Plato describes this philopophy of Socrates in Protagoras, where he says ?My opinion is more or less this: no wise man believes that anyone sins willingly or willingly perpetrates any base or evil act; they know very well that every base or evil action is committed involuntarily? (Plato, Protagoras, 43). In addition, Socrates states that knowledge is the key to achieving virtue, with individuals only acting in ways that are wrong because they do not have the knowledge that allows them to make the right decision. This philosophy creates a view where decisions are made based on rational thinking. Using this information in my own process of knowing myself, I can consider the rational reasons that determine my decisions."
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?Discourse on the Origin of Inequality? by Rousseau, 2002.
This paper discusses Rousseau?s ?Discourse on the Origin of Inequality,? a philosophical work that explains how society came to be and how inequality emerged and existed in the society.
590 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 1 source, $ 21.95
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This paper discusses Jean Jacques Rousseau?s ?Discourse on the Origin of Inequality of Man?, that focuses on how man came to be different from other animals because of two characteristics: Pity and the need for self-preservation. The paper points out that a careful study of Rousseau?s work shows that man?s natural tendency for survival and self-achievement will drive him to want to dominate others, and that inequality will become the product of humankind?s selfish and self- achieving nature.
From the Paper
"Rousseau defends his primary claim about inequality by explaining how inequality came to be. Of course, Rousseau discusses the nature of man prior to the establishment of the society. Prior to Rousseau?s society, humankind is egalitarian in nature, and survival is only the main reason why people live (self-preservation). However, as time passes, and as man become more acquainted with other people, the need to achieve betterment, or perfectibility, arises; man thus aspire to attain superiority above the others (?In proportion as the human race grew more numerous, men's cares increased. The difference of soils, climate and seasons, must have introduced some differences in their manner of living?). Through this kind of thinking and objective, man becomes unfair individual, and the society that Rousseau talks about is created through the inequality of man."
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Rousseau's Second Discourse, 2002.
A close analysis of Rousseau's 2nd Discourse on inequality.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
A close analysis of Rousseau's 2nd Discourse on Inequality, basically a history of man's social evolution and the development of governments, which places private property at the root of all conflict between humans.
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"What's Worth Knowing", 2002.
An analysis and review on Wendy Lustbader's book "What's Worth Knowing" about life experience gleaned by the older generation.
775 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews and analyzes "What's Worth Knowing" by Wendy Lustbader, a geriatric social worker who met many people of the older generation and wrote a book based on the experience they gleaned in their eighty or so years of living. The paper shows how the book uses ordinary individuals to make up stirring recollections.
From the Paper
"The book captures the pulse and flavor of the individual contributors; every one of the single-paged accounts reverberates with a spirit of great generosity and sincerity. A short, stirring biographical note and sometimes a photo accompanies each story. In her book Lustbader asks, what factors make life superior? Moreover, how do we live it? What do we know now that we wish we had known when we were young(er)? What advice would we give a young(er) person just starting out in life? Has anyone in our life taught us a valuable lesson? What was that lesson? If we could live our life over again, what would we do differently? What would we keep the same?"
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Canada's National Discourse, 2006.
A closer look at the Canadian discourse and ethnic, religious and racial minorities.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Canada as a nation that is characterized by its remarkable religious, ethnic and racial diversity. This paper explores how the national discourse of inclusion and tolerance has shaped Canadian politics with respect to immigration, multiculturalism, Aboriginal Canadians and the French Language.
From the Paper
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Academic Discourse, 2002.
An overview of academic discourse through a review of three different articles.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This five-page paper discusses the importance of academic discourse with reference to articles by three renowned scholars. The students are required to learn a particular form of communication in order to merge with the distinctive fabric of a discipline or academy.
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