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Diet Ads, 2002.
Discusses deceptive diet ads and their effect on public health.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 10 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Advertising has long been associated with unreasonable claims, in fact, we have come to expect them. Advertisements quite often imply qualities about the products and people within the context of the ad that are simply impossible. Over the long-term, our culture has grown to accept advertisements as a fiction into which we are drawn for 30 seconds. During that time, the viewer suspends disbelief because of the formula at play and simply accepts the fiction that surrounds the product. In the realm of diet advertising, however, such fictions have turned out to be potentially dangerous or even deadly. Diet product and diet advertising has long made irrational claims about enormous changes in the body over impossibly short periods of time. Research shows that the level of false advertising in commercials for diets and diet products is staggeringly high. The FTC found that 55 percent of weight-loss ads make claims that lack proof or very likely are false (Eggerton, 2002). In fact, this problem has been ongoing since one of the first false-advertising in diet commercials claims was made; in 1993, the Federal Trade Commission charged that five of the nation's largest commercial diet-program companies have misled consumers by making unsubstantiated weight-loss claims and by using deceptive testimonials ("FTC Accuses Five Diet Programs of Deceptive Advertising", 1993; Cordes, 1993). It is proposed that research will demonstrate that the effect of false advertising (and thus false expectations) about diets and diet products has resulted in a greater health crisis in relation to weight than ever before.
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Diet Ads, 2002.
Explores deceptions in advertisements for diets and the effects on public health.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Advertising has long been associated with unreasonable claims, in fact, we have come to expect them. Advertisements quite often imply qualities about the products and people within the context of the ad that are simply impossible. Over the long-term, our culture has grown to accept advertisements as a fiction into which we are drawn for 30 seconds. During that time, the viewer suspends disbelief because of the formula at play and simply accepts the fiction that surrounds the product. In the realm of diet advertising, however, such fictions have turned out to be potentially dangerous or even deadly. Diet product and diet advertising has long made irrational claims about enormous changes in the body over impossibly short periods of time. Research shows that the level of false advertising in commercials for diets and diet products is staggeringly high. The FTC found that 55 percent of weight-loss ads make claims that lack proof or very likely are false (Eggerton, 2002). In fact, this problem has been ongoing since one of the first false-advertising in diet commercials claims was made; in 1993, the Federal Trade Commission charged that five of the nation's largest commercial diet-program companies have misled consumers by making unsubstantiated weight-loss claims and by using deceptive testimonials ("FTC Accuses Five Diet Programs of Deceptive Advertising", 1993; Cordes, 1993). It is proposed that research will demonstrate that the effect of false advertising (and thus false expectations) about diets and diet products has resulted in a greater health crisis in relation to weight than ever before.
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The Ban on Tobacco Ads, 2002.
This paper discusses the issue of banning tobacco ads by the New York Times newspaper and questions whether it was the correct thing to do.
790 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines why the New York Times banned cigarette advertising. The writer discusses how the banning of tobacco ads reduces the pressures on children to take up smoking and leaves room for advertisements warning the readers against the dangers of smoking. In addition the way in which banning of these ads may prevent nonsmokers who buy The New York Times, from involuntarily contributing to the tobacco industry, is also discussed.
From the Paper
"Little by little, cigarette advertising has been disappearing from American newspapers and magazines. This trend began more than two years ago when the first national newspaper, The New York Times, officially banned tobacco advertising. At the same time, local newspapers such as the Seattle Times and Portland Organdie copied the national newspaper."
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Race & Gender in Magazine Ads, 1999.
Compares ads of 1920s-1930s & 1990s as reflections of social roles of women & minorities.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper compares magazine advertising of the 1920s and 1930s with magazine ads of the 1990s in the way each portrays contemporary views of race and gender in America. Advertising has always represented a mirror on society, sometimes reflecting the newest trends but more often showing the way that society sees itself at the time.
From the Paper
"This paper compares magazine advertising of the 1920s and 1930s with magazine ads of the 1990s in the way each portrays contemporary views of race and gender in America. Advertising has always represented a mirror on society, sometimes reflecting the newest trends but more often showing the way that society sees itself at the time. During the 1920s, magazine advertising first became a major advertising tool, and its colorful pictures and even more colorful copy reflect the brash, loud confidence of a nation that had just won its first world war. The ads of the time reflect the growing independence women were experiencing, as they gained the right to vote and began to do in public what they had never before dared - smoking cigarettes, showing their legs, traveling on their own. The ads also reflect the continued subservience of blacks and other minorities; when they appeared.."
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Maslow?s "Hierarchy of Needs" as Evident in 1950's Ads, 2001.
This paper examines the integration of psychologist Abraham Maslow?s "Hierarchy of Needs" as evident in advertisements from the 1950?s.
3,489 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces Abraham Maslow, the psychologist who made sense of the astonishing array of human motives by arranging them in a pyramid known as the "Hierarchy of Needs." The paper explores how the "Hierarchy of Needs" was integrated into the advertizing world of the 1950s. It also examines ten advertisements and discusses how Maslow's hierarchy is a part of each one.
From the Paper
"Advertisers started to attach emotional values, such as friendship and status, to products around the nineteen-fifties, using what they learned in psychology class. This emotional attachment is affixed to the product by building semi-conscious and subconscious impressions, or an atmosphere, around the product to create the impression that acquisition and consumption equate to good health, success, exultation, enchantment, moral righteousness, ethical certainty, trust, faith, superiority, coolness, freedom, liberty, self-esteem, confidence, democracy, and numerous other similar emotions and ideas. Three preeminent advertising techniques which apply Abraham Maslow?s hierarchy of needs to their advantage are the bandwagon, emotional, and fear techniques. The emotional attachment technique portrays images and ideas that appeal to certain emotions of the consumer. These ads imply that only by means of purchasing the product will he or she be able to satiate these emotions. The bandwagon technique in advertising, which suggests it is second nature to purchase that particular product, was predominant in the fifties. This class of ads suggests that without that product, life would be dysfunctional and unpleasant, and not all of the consumer?s needs would be met. The fear technique utilizes Maslow?s hierarchy , to "...suggest to the consumer that not purchasing a certain product would be disastrous to them...(Lane and Russell 13)", in that not all of their needs according to the hierarchy would be met. However, to what extent is Maslow?s hierarchy of needs integrated into advertisements from the decade in which the hierarchy was actually unveiled?"
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Ads and Representation, 2002.
A discussion on how advertisements can be seen as being part of the capitalist ideology.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that advertisements are part of capitalist ideology. They are part of the patriarchal agenda to socially construct certain roles for different groups. They marginalize and exclude the women, the poor, and coloured minorities from positions of power.
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Women?s Magazines, 2004.
A look at the dieting and advertising trends in women's magazines from 1980 to the present.
1,573 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a study to analyze the frequency of diet ads in two popular women?s magazines, "Good Housekeeping" and "Seventeen". It looks at how an archival study was done to record the number of all diet ads and/or articles in the two selected magazines over a time span from 1980 to 2003. It concludes that the results indicated that there was not any significant difference between the number of diet ads between the two selected magazines and also did not support a significant relationship between the number of diet ads and the decades.
Outline
Abstract
Method
Results
Discussion
References
From the Paper
"The projection of the desirable woman, particularly in North America, in mass media is an unrealistic, and for many women, unattainable body type (Harrison, 2003; Koff, & Benavage, 1998). Since the post-war era, there has been a significant increase in eating disorders (Harrison, 2003; Koff, & Benavage, 1998; Polivy & Herman 2004). Large or overweight women are generally stigmatized in respect to how sexually attractive they are, and in courtship (Wiederman, 2000)."
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Dieting, 2002.
This paper looks at the relationship of diet humor to diet culture.
21,400 words (approx. 85.6 pages), 41 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper examines diet jokes and the Israeli women's attitude towards the diet culture. An analysis of jokes connected to dieting. An examination of the attitudes of women towards the pressures of dieting by relating to the themes revealed in diet jokes. The thesis is supported by interviews with Israeli women and participation in an Israeli weight watchers group.
Contents
Chapter 1:
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Origins of the ?Diet Culture?
1.3 Diet Culture Ideology
1.4 Feminist Critique of the ?Diet Culture?
1.5 Studying Culture through Humor
1.6 Overview of Following Chapters
Chapter 2: Field Methods:
2.1 The Field
2.2 The Research Population
2.3 Participant Observation as a ?Native Anthropologist?
2.4 Text Analysis
Chapter 3: Diet Humor
3.1 The Difference between Diet Jokes and Fat Jokes
3.2 Themes in Diet Humor:
A. Diet Rules and Practice
B. Diet Products
C. Diet Culture Ideology
D. Clothes and Fashion
E. Diet Culture, Food and Social Interaction
Chapter 4: Discussion and Conclusions
4.1 Diet Humor as Resistance
4.2 Diet Humor as Solidarity between Women
4.3 Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix
From the Paper
"This M.A. thesis is an ethnographic study of humor produced and used by young Israeli women who are part of the Israeli ?diet culture?. The goal of this thesis is to answer the questions: what is ?diet humor?? How does it relate to ?diet culture?? What impact does it have on the everyday lives of young women in Israel and to answer the additional question: does the appearance of ?diet humor? signify a form of resistance to the prevailing ?diet culture?? As I will discuss further on in this chapter, ?diet culture? is very closely linked to consumer culture (Bordo, 1995, Featherstone, 1991) and the capitalist market (Turner, 1982). Advertisers and the mass media, which are financed by advertising, construct its images. Purchasing and using a range of aggressively marketed diet ?products? carry out its practices. In Israel, that seems to idealize American culture, many diet culture images and products have been imported from the USA and are currently being marketed by Israeli companies."
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Fad Diets, 2004.
An examination of the effect of fad diets on heart disease.
1,528 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This work briefly discusses the effects of fad diets on heart disease. Low-carbohydrate diets or all protein diets, such as the Atkins diet, are addressed, as their recent popularity among dieters is significant. The paper also analyzes diets that remove a great deal of fat from the diet, all carbohydrate diets, and combination protein and carbohydrate diets. The paper focuses on the cardiovascular reaction to these diets.
From the Paper
"Within this small body if knowledge there are many conjectures about the lack of long-term results associated with fad diets such as the low-carbohydrate, high protein diets other than by those who profess that they work as a rout that seriously contradicts the view of many health care professionals, including doctors and nutrition specialists. These professionals obviously demonstrate a marked level of disregard for fad diets of any kind as they often do not represent a diet that offers the individual a balanced selection of food. Yet, those with the most the say contradict the all protein diets as the potentially most damaging to the body. "You will lose weight in the first week on these diets, but past that, they lack essential nutrients, and it is an unbalanced way of eating. It lacks fruits and vegetables and whole grains. Eating high-fat and high-cholesterol increases the risk of heart disease and tests the kidneys." (Goff 1)"
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Vegetarians and the Atkins Diet, 2002.
A paper investigating the effect of low-carbohydrate diets, specifically the Atkins diet, on vegetarians.
1,628 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay focuses on the vegetarian aspects of the Atkins diet, specifically the consequences of this diet on vegetarians. The paper discusses how the the diet is a successful option for meat eaters who wish to loose weight within a short period of time but could be potentially detrimental to vegetarians. The paper focuses on how a vegetarians can accomplish the induction period of the diet, and the problems that vegetarians face attempting low-carbohydrate diets, which omnivores do not have to worry about. It illustrate some of the better known consequences of this diet from scientific findings, opinions of those who have tried it and from personal experience. The paper concludes with some ideas of how a better diet could be created for vegetarians who do wish to lose weight using some of the basics of the science found in the Atkins diet.
From the Paper
"To be on the Atkins diet involves an induction period of two weeks. In this initial two weeks, which is known as the ?kick start? to the diet, the dieter is to take in less then 20 grams of carbohydrates a day. This means absolutely no wheat or grain products, no sugar or candy of any kind, and no fruit, just to name of few of the product groups forbidden during induction. The scientific purpose of induction includes, breaking certain food addictions, making the switch within your body from carbohydrate burning to fat burning, as well as stabilizing the body?s blood sugar levels. ?The name Induction signifies that its purpose is to induce weight loss by changing your body's chemistry so that you will achieve lipolysis and the secondary process of ketosis.? The rules of induction are fairly simple, and the basics are eat regular meals, eat liberally, and watch for hidden carbohydrates. Most importantly it suggests following the acceptable food lists provided by Dr. Atkins."
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Diet and Culture, 2003.
A discussion of diet culture, its origins, ideals and their meanings.
6,600 words (approx. 26.4 pages), 33 sources, MLA, $ 151.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the diet culture, first outlining the origins of contemporary diet culture. It then reviews the feminist critique of this culture, as a political agenda reflecting on women?s place in society. . The goal of this paper is to answer the questions: What is ?diet culture?? What are its origins? What impact does it have on the everyday lives of young women? How do feminist writers relate to the prevailing diet culture?
Contents:
Introduction
The Origins of the Diet Culture
Feminist Critique of the Diet Culture
Diet Culture in Israel
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Diet culture is the cultural force disciplining the female form and regulating its size, contour and texture. Though diet culture pertains to both sexes, its influence is far more significant for women than for men (Chernin, 1981, Goodman, 1995, Wolf, 1990). Diet culture encompasses the range of practices, beliefs and images that work together to direct women towards the disciplinary goal of body regulation. Under the current ?tyranny of slenderness? (Chernin, 1981) women are forbidden to become large or massive. The current body of fashion is taut, small-breasted, narrow hipped and of a slimness bordering on emaciation. It is a silhouette that seems more appropriate to an adolescent than to an adult woman (Bartky, 1998). In order to possess bodies of the desirable size, women must maintain strict control of their food intake and expenditure of energy. Dieting is used to control the calories entering the body; exercise is used to increase caloric expenditure and shape the body?s flesh to the desired contour."
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Low Carbohydrate Diets, 2008.
This paper argues that the only diet that strikes at the real cause of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus is the low carbohydrate diet.
2,175 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, for overweight people and people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the low calorie and low fat diets recommended by the government do not work well and actually worsen the condition. The author points out that low carbohydrate diets, such as the popular "Dr. Atkins Diet", are synonymous with a high-fat and moderate protein regime. The paper relates that, when carbohydrate intake is restricted, the insulin levels decrease and the levels of glucagon increase. The author underscores that the increased fats and oils keep the appetite under control. The author suspects that the mechanism of insulin resistance is not a disease but rather a mechanism of homeostasis used to keep the body's fat to muscle ratio in balance. The paper states that, when the body is out of balance, type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs to correct the epigenetic factors that caused the imbalance.
From the Paper
"Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are now associated with decreased expression of genes that regulate oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. Uncoupling protein 3 (UPC3) is a protein transporter that uncouples oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle. Studies on UCP3 functions under various physiological conditions have suggested that the function of UCP3 is not limited only to regulation of whole-body energy metabolism but is also involved in regulation of lipids metabolism. Uncoupling proteins act to convert stored fat into thermal energy."
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Evaluating Fad Diets, 2005.
A discussion of recent dieting trends and fad diets and why they are actually counterproductive.
840 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explains why most popular fad diets, particularly Atkins, are based on faulty, unproven theories. It also describes some of the health problems that may accompany such diet programs.
From the Paper
"It has been commonly known for ages that the food we eat provides us with energy in the form of calories. We consume these calories in our bodies for our body functions - the amount of calories burnt depending mainly on the nature and duration of physical activity and to a lesser degree, on metabolic differences in individuals due to genetic reasons. If our calorie-intake is greater than our calorie-consumption, we put on weight; if our intake is less than our consumption we lose weight. Low carb diets such as Atkins' purport to circumvent this basic fact of nutrition and attribute the weight loss to factors such as insulin resistance, ketosis, and increased fat burning. On closer scrutiny, however, it becomes apparent that such claims have no scientific basis and the low carb fad diets carry significant health risks."
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The Atkins Diet, 2005.
This paper evaluates the popular Atkins revolution weight management diet.
1,175 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Atkins diet programs recommends the consumption of a diet rich in fats and proteins, while severely reducing the intake of carbohydrates such as fruits and grains, which are a natural sources of vitamins; therefore, sticking to Atkins diet without supplementation will lead to severe vitamin and mineral deficiency. The author stresses that, in addition to other potential health risks, this essential requirement of dietary supplements is of great concern because these supplements are not easily assimilated by the body.
The paper concludes that an ideal way to manage weight is to consume a balanced diet with regular exercises instead of resorting to a diet that totally alters the body metabolism and leaves the patient dependent on a supplements.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Atkins Philosophy
Atkins Diet /US RDA
Risk Factors
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are definitely health risks associated with the Atkins diet program. The fundamental change in food composition and consequent metabolic process carries a risk of electrolyte imbalance in our body. As Gail Frank, PhD, nutrition professor at California State University states, "Fruits and berries are much more indicative of early man's eating pattern than eating only protein, and we haven't changed all that much physiologically." High protein diet is known to cause the condition of acidic urine, which depletes calcium from the body. The result of calcium loss is a bone degeneration condition known as osteoporosis. Developing kidney stones is another major risk for Atkins dieters."
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Atkins Diet, 2004.
This paper examines success of the Atkins diet.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the consensus is that the Atkins diet works over the short- term, but the weight is regained over the long-term. The author points out that it is not more successful than low-fat diets and is a less well-balanced diet. The paper reports that the high fat content is a risky medical proposition and the long-term effects of a high fat diet are currently under investigation.
From the Paper
"Cutting carbohydrates out of the diet completely or cutting down on them very severely does not make sense scientifically and is not necessary to those wishing to lose weight and eat a healthy diet. The Atkins diet is a high protein, high fat diet with very low-carbohydrate intake. It has been shown to work for weight loss over the short-term but there are doubts about its ability to work over the long-term. Two recent studies reported in the "New England Journal of Medicine"..."
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