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The Development of Feminist Social Theory, 2000.
A look at the evolution of feminist social thought up to the present day.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 8 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how feminist social theory has developed, starting with Mary Wollstonecraft's "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman", the first major work of feminist theory. Male theorists who developed and enforced the natural rights doctrine are discussed. The women's rights movement is seen to have its origins in the antislavery movement. The theories from the first and second waves of feminism are discussed as well.
From the Paper
"Feminist social theory has begun to have an impact on sociology in terms of the validity of issues of sex, gender, and oppression; demanding the analysis of patriarchal power, social class and the definition of entitlement to the natural rights of a person. Gender along with age, ethnicity and class is regarded as one of the major dimensions of social inequality in human societies."
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Social Structure Theories vs. Social Process Theories, 2002.
Examining the difference in these two sociological theories with reference to juvenile delinquency.
1,045 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
Social Structure Theories and Social Processes Theories are often used interchangeably. This essay highlights the fundamental differences outlining social structure and social process theories. In order to compare these theories, the paper draws attention to the various theories of juvenile delinquency and the difference of perspective involved and the obtrusive causes outlined by the distinct theories for engagement in criminal acts at a young age. Two different theories are presented attempting to explain juvenile delinquency, presenting various facets of adolescent criminal behavior and the possible causes of such behavior.
From the Paper
"One of the major challenges faced by the law-making authorities of the United States today is the reduction of juvenile delinquency and to increase the effectiveness of lawful regulations in the country. The alarming augmentation in crime rate at adolescent echelon is the most worrisome problem facing America therefore researchers and experts of the related field have developed various theories regarding juvenile delinquency outlining motivations and reasons behind the existence and the frequency of crime at juvenile stage. In order to well-comprehend the perspective of various philosophies related to juvenile delinquency, it is highly essential to know what juvenile delinquency is about."
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Crime and Social Theory, 2000.
A discussion of the differences and similarities between social disorganisation theory, social control theory and opportunity theories.
2,610 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how theories on crime have been devised by numerous disciplines including economists, psychologists and sociologists were among them. It provides a definition and an overview of social disorganisation theory, social control theory and opportunity theories in relation to drawing on the work of Shaw and McKay (Chicago School) and Burgess' zonal theory of city development as well as the opinions of Hobbes, Nye, Reckless, Huschi and Burke.
From the Paper
"In further support of the theory of social disorganisation is the Chicago Area Project, established by Clifford Shaw, which aimed to put some organisation back into these areas. It encouraged locals to form committees to fight crime and held recreational activities for youths to get them off the streets and give them something other than crime to do. An evaluation by Schlossman, Zellman and Shavelson in 1984 concluded that it had effectively reduced incidences of reported juvenile crime."
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Social Theory and Gender, 2002.
An analysis of feminist social theory's impact on sociology in terms of the validity of issues of sex, gender and oppression, using Mary Wollstonecraft's 'A Vindication of the Rights of Woman' as a reference.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines how both blacks and women have experienced exclusion and discounting of their sociological positions based solely on either their color or gender, regardless of the ?rationality? of their arguments in the past. This paper discusses how feminist sociologists are insisting that what has been labeled their ?radical feminist? approaches to the development and application of social theory be given the same weight as that of men in the field and the experiences and culture of half the world?s population be considered in the study of the whole.
From the Paper
?In January 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft completed A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, the first major work of feminist theory. She was one of many 18thcentury feminists who were responding to the wave of social revolution sweeping Europe and America, hoping to assure that women would be considered entitled to the same natural rights as men. Male theorists who developed and enforced the natural rights doctrine did not accept the feminist position. Their world view of the Enlightenment was predicated upon the assumption that the rational world is superior to, and must control, the nonrational world; men rational and therefore the lords of creation and had the right to impose their ?reason? on all without it: women, nonhuman creatures and the earth itself. The view of women as excluded from legal personhood was legalized by Blackstone in his common law stating that the ?very being or legal existence of the woman is suspended during marriage, or at least is incorporated and consolidated into that of the husband?. This meant, that as non-persons, married women had no property rights, no control over inheritance, no control over custody and no right to bring civil suit.?
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Social Theory, 2008.
An overview of the use of four types of social theories within education.
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines four types of social theories and their use to the educator. The theories are functionalism, Marxism, interpretivism and post-modernism It discusses the meaning of the four social theories, compares and contrasts the strengths and weaknesses and then chooses a social theory that explains the function of education within contemporary American society. The paper maintains that a glimpse into the history of the social theories and what makes them significant will help foster an understanding of the theories.
Outline:
Abstract
Interpretivism
Functionalism
Marxism
Post-Modernism Era
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Structural functionalism inhibits certain forms of analyses, such as comparative analysis. Structural functionalism has also been described as both illegitimately teleological and tautological. The former implies that structural functionalists rely too heavily on the notion that social structures have purposes or goals. This notion is posited to justify the existence of particular structures without adequate theoretical reasons or empirical backing. Tautology suggests that the conclusion of a theory makes explicit what is implicit in the premise of the theory. Thus, structural functionalism defines the whole in terms of the parts and the parts in terms of the whole."
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Social Learning Theory: Application to School Shootings and Violence, 2007.
An examination of social learning theory focusing on the case of Luke Woodham and the murders that occurred in Mississippi in October of 1998.
3,667 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses school shootings in America, focusing on the case of Luke Woodham and his violent acts in October of 1998. The paper explains that this case is used as an example of criminal acts that are conducted by children and the case is examined through social learning theory. The paper explores the foundations of social learning theory and arguments against this theory in relation to school shootings are also discussed. Furthermore, the paper examines how social learning theory can be used as a predictor of school violence and then discusses the prevention techniques that have been offered and that must be implemented in order to address the issue. In conclusion, the paper shows that for the criminal justice system and society as whole it is evident that the only answer to school shootings and violence is to begin to work together in a manner that allows for preventative measures to be taken and for children to once again have faith that the adults who are supposed to protect them will and that the world that is supposed to be supportive of them will function to accomplish that mission.
Outline:
Abstract
Etiology
Prediction and Prevention
Recommended Criminal Justice Response
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the case of Woodham and the murders that occurred in Mississippi, it is evident that the conditions described through social learning theory existed and that these conditions contributed to the actions taken by the juvenile. For example, early in his life Woodham became engrossed in the philosophy used by Hitler. It was not difficult for Woodham to witness the results of Hitler's philosophies, as those results are consistently present in the social order as a matter of social history. Woodham was capable of retaining these events because they were constantly reinforced through exposure to the ideas discussed in relation to Hitler through the people that he knew and the studies that he personally conducted."
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Social Organizational Theory, 2005.
An evaluation of crime and criminal theory using the Social Organizational theory.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the general theory of crime set forth by Michael R. Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi. The paper delineates what the theory is and then presents a critique of it using the Social Organizational theory. In the final analysis, the paper concludes that Social Organizational theory offers a fairly trenchant rebuttal of some of the careless assumptions made in Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime."
From the Paper
"Any critical evaluation of criminal theory is fraught with difficulty insofar as no one explanation satisfactorily explains all of the various reasons why human beings engage in illicit behavior. Be that as it may, the Social Organizational theory comes closer than most to elucidating why human beings often act in the manner they do and it provides a constructive critique of the general theory of crime put forward by respected academics like Gottfredson and Hirschi. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: firstly, the paper will briefly outline what is meant by the "General Theory of Crime" as it most commonly understood. Secondly, the paper will evaluate this theory using the Social Organizational theory that has gained such popularity in recent years."
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Social Choice Theory, 2008.
This paper looks at three social choice theories and argues in favour of Robert Nozick's theory.
1,229 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses three different types of social choice theory; John Rawls' theory, basic utilitarianism and Robert Nozick's theory of libertarianism. The paper argues that Nozick's theory of emphasizing human dignity and autonomy is the greatest of the three social choice theories because it secures the freedoms and prerogatives of all individuals.
From the Paper
"In its simplest form, Social Choice Theory is fundamentally concerned with the "aggregation of individuals' preferences into a collective preference; based on this social preference a collective decision can be taken" (Haake, para.1). To elaborate a little more fully on what can be quite a complex topic, social choice theory is a branch of decision theory preoccupied with the process and outcome of a social choice procedure to which all affected parties agree to be bound (Davies, para.2). In summation, social choice theory is about making the best choice globally for everyone. Suffice it to say, John Rawls, utilitarian theory, and Robert Nozick have their own differing views on the considerations that should be borne in mind when assessing how social choices can be made."
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Social Control Theory, 2006.
An application of the social control theory to the aboriginal people of Canada and their rates of crime.
1,614 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the ideas of various social control scholars and applies theories and perspectives to explain higher degrees of criminality amongst Canadian aboriginals. The paper shows how versions of social control theory explain higher degrees of criminality amongst native people with an emphasis on social inequality but highlights how other factors such as history and culture must also be fully appreciated. The paper asserts that mainstream social bonds along with traditional native culture must continue to develop together to deter aboriginal criminality.
Outline:
Introduction
Social Control Theory
Canada's Aboriginal Experiences Compared to Mainstream Society
Scholars' Perspectives
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social control theory argues that those with weak bonds to societies' institutions are prone to criminal activity, specifically conventional crime. This paper examines scholars that studied various facets of social control theory and applies their findings to Canadian aboriginal societies. Considerable research suggests social control theorists are accurate in their theories that social bonds deter crime. An example of a society that has lost much of its social control is the aboriginal people of Canada."
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"Dances With Wolves" and the Social Penetration Theory, 2005.
This paper uses the social penetration theory to analyze "Dances With Wolves", the novel written by Michael Blake and the film directed by Kevin Costner.
1,540 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor's social penetration theory suggests as relationships grow deeper as self-disclosure deepens and uses social exchange theory, also called the game theory, to analyze the cost-reward balance of these self-disclosures. The author points out that "Dancing With Wolves" provides excellent examples of how totally different cultures can both attract and repel one another, how friendships and trust are formed by deeds not just words and how different intersecting strata of social and cultural lives either repel or attract one another. The paper relates that it teaches that the differences among people tend to be created without truly being aware of one another and can be resolved as those "onion skin" layers are removed revealing our true inner personalities.
From the Paper
"There are many examples of initial encounters in "Dances With Wolves", and the manner of the meeting does not always provide the result of closeness, of course. What makes the novel so fascinating is the contact, verbal and non-verbal that links the white man with the Comanche, and prepares him for a life he had never known or understood before. Was it simply loneliness or necessity that brought these encounters to fruition? Is social penetration merely a theory that evolves as social circumstances change? Are we different, socially, today, than were the people in the post-Civil War era covered by this novel?"
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Social Change Theory, 2005.
A discussion of Durkheim and his social change theory.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses fundamentalism, a social change theory developed by Durkheim. The paper presents an overview of the theory within multiple contexts. The paper also describes how these varying contexts influenced the development of his theory. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of social change according to this theory.
From the Paper
"The following presents the topic of social change in context. A specific social change theory, functionalism, and a specific theorist, Durkheim, are presented. This is followed by an overview of the theory within multiple contexts..."
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Social Exchange Theory, 2008.
An application of the social exchange theory to explain the effect of the changing social roles on the family.
817 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how changing social roles can be seen in the way more women work outside the home today. The paper suggests that the way this change is taking place and how it affects human relations can be analyzed using social exchange theory. The paper also discusses how the evidence shows some uncertainty as to how marriage has been affected by this shift in social roles, looks at whether this shift has a beneficial or harmful effect on marriage and explains how social exchange theory can suggest reasons for each possibility.
From the Paper
"The work of George Homans is tied to the psychological behaviorism of B.F. Skinner while the work of Peter Blau is more influenced by Simmel, but both Homans and Blau express concerns about the reliance of functionalism on values and norms to explain social behavior. Homans' sociology is individualistic and involves an attempt to build a theory of social life beginning with the basic behavioristic propositions of B.F. Skinner's psychology of operant conditioning. Homans believed that in everyday social interaction, individuals will act to gain rewards and avoid punishment."
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Social Learning Theory, 2002.
This paper defines and analyzes the concept of social learning theory.
1,146 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Social learning theory states that people learn a behavior by imitating others and receiving rewards for this emulation. The paper describes the ways in which this theory is put into play in the way parents raise their children. The writer explains how social learning theory is used to understand the differences in levels and types of aggressive behavior, as well as the influences of race, gender and family structure.
From the Paper
"Bandura, a major proponent of social learning theory, states that the personality is learned within a social context, with the reciprocal interaction between the environment, the behavior, and the person (reciprocal determinism). The reciprocal determinism paradigm includes self-regulatory behavior, self-observation, judgmental processes, and self-response. Bandura's theory proposes that the personality is learned through the process of observation and imitation, symbols are used to achieve this phenomonen, and people are the self-regulators in the complex interaction with the environment (Corsini, 1977, p. 422; Feist, 1985, pp. 266-267, 270-284)."
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Social Presence Theory, 2007.
A discussion on the social presence theory of communication.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with an introduction and explanation of the social presence theory, which determines the implications modern technology has on the communication and social development process. The paper also offers a summary of literature on the topic. Additionally, the author provides a critical evaluation and conclusion on computer mediated communication.
Outline:
Introduction Social Presence Theory
Summary of Literature
Critical Evaluation
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"Many modern theorists have agreed with early theorists who interpret CMC as a form of communication that provides limited social cues or context for users to enhance interpersonal communication. This does not suggest however, that CMC is bereft of social context cues. Rather, CMC may be viewed in much the same way as traditional forms of communication, enhancing person to person interactions and engaging participants or end users in interactive and interesting ways by stimulating the process of communication in general. Multiple theorists have attempted to describe and analyze the implications social presence theory has on interactions and interpersonal relations."
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Charles Lambert's "Social Theory", 2008.
A comparison and contrast of social theory and classical theory.
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts social theory with classical theory, noting that a comparison of the two brings together a modern view that man is his surrounding with the classical view that man makes his own surroundings. The paper outlines the differences between the two theories but also points out that both theories are connected in their basic need for understanding man's relationship with himself and within society and that both theories observe the interactions of man.
From the Paper
"American social theory varies from European social theory in that Americans are self reliant in the observations of their surroundings. We do not look far beyond the obvious. We study our surrounding and base our perceptions on the immediate rather than the past. European social theory takes into account the ramifications of our past colliding with our present. This collision develops into the social theories that govern our actions. In European social theory, there is still a certain about of classical rhetoric that is used to permeate the observances of the present."
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