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Democratization: A Democratic Audit of Russia, 2006.
An audit of the emerging democracy in Russia using the principles outlined on the website, DemocraticAudit.com.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the DemocraticAudit.com website in order to to audit democracy in Russia. The paper assesses whether the principles of democracy outlined by the site are being honored and administered in Russia as it emerges from its totalitarian past. These principles are identified in four blocks: Citizenship, Law and Rights; Representative and Accountable Government; Civil Society and Popular Participation; and Democracy beyond the State.
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A Democratic Audit of China, 2008.
A look at the forces that have hindered China's movement towards a democratic government in the past 20 years.
2,515 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
Through a detailed analysis of 3 key topics from the democratic assessment framework in application to China, this paper attempts to understand how China is today a country still far removed from the promise of democracy. The paper looks at how important the issues of collective identity/citizenship, the rule of law, and economic rights are to the future of China and recognizes that it is difficult to come to a conclusion since China is still fundamentally an authoritarian state in which power is monopolized by the political-economic elite.
Outline:
Introduction
Nationhood and Citizenship
The Rule of Law and Access to Justice
Economic and Social Rights
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It must be acknowledged that this development of an authoritarian economic state was essential to the survival of China's ruling elite in the wake of the global collapse of communism in the early 1990s (Huang 54). In this analysis, it is was primarily through the ruling political elite's reaching out to the emerging business classes and co-opting them that allowed the Chinese system to survive the collapse of communism as an ideological system. However, it must be acknowledged that this has occurred at a great cost as one of the consequences of the development of this new elite has been a marked increase in corruption that parallels economic dislocation for much of the population (Fuller 152)."
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Russian Democratic Crisis of the 20th Century, 1999.
This paper explores the idea of Russian democracy at the end of the 20th century. The writer discusses the history of democratic movement in Russia as well as the unique characteristics and problems modern Russia faced at the end of the century.
2,092 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper attempts to explain why the idea of democracy was new to the Russian people and the implications this had on its attempts at reform. The writer shows that at the end of the twentieth century, there were several reasons why Russia was approaching its second democratic crisis: Yeltsin's presidency, economic failure, military upheaval and organized crime.
From the Paper
"For the past seventy years Russia was the heart of the Soviet Union. The fall of the ?Evil Empire? in 1991 shocked the world. Many democratic nations were happy to see its enemy turning into a new democratic country based on capitalistic economy and Western ideologies. But not that many people asked if Democracy would work in Russia. In the long run, Russia had a democratic experience in 1917, for half a year and it failed (Daniels, 1972). Will the history repeat itself or will Russia eventually become democratic? It is still hard to tell. Our democratic experience from February to October 1917 and today?s situation are very similar. As in 1917, modern Russia experiences political, economic, and cultural crisis."
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Democratic Republic of Congo, 2005.
This paper discusses the geography, including the history and economy, of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
1,675 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly known as Zaire, has been plagued with ethnic turmoil and civil war, exacerbated by the massive influx of refugees from Rwanda and Burundi, which has reduced a once prospering country into a state of turmoil. The author points out that there are over 200 African ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo of which the majority of these are Bantu. The paper explains that the U.N.'s Human Development Index (HDI), which is a composite of human development indicators, such as longevity, knowledge and education, and economic measurements, is a better system of determining living standards than the GDP alone; Democratic Republic of Congo ranks very near the bottom. Many graphs and charts.
Table of Contents
Democratic Republic of Congo Background
Introduction
Geographic Placement
Ethnic Composition of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Religious Composition of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Colonial History of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Form of Government for the Democratic Republic of Congo
Main Sources of Economic Activity
Structure of the Economy of Democratic Republic of Congo
Economic Background
Nominal and Real GDP Per Capita for the Previous 10 Years, in US$
Nominal and Real GDP Per Capita for the Previous 10 Years, in LCU
Comparison of Two Graphs
Life Expectancy
Adult Literacy Rate
Primary School Enrollment Rate
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI Formula
HDI Versus GDP
5 Obstacles to Economic Development in the Past 5 Years
Actions that Could be Taken to Overcome These Challenges
From the Paper
"Currently the country is under a dictatorship and is presumably transitioning towards a representative government; however, this has yet to be realized. A 500-member transitional National Assembly, along with a 120-member Senate was installed in July of 2003. These members were drawn from groups that signed the Pretoria Accord in December 2002. Elections were scheduled to be held in June of 2005; however, these are not likely to take place. Instead, it is likely that the transitional government will remain in place until the early part of 2006. President Joseph Kabila heads this transitional government. The transitional government includes an executive president, four vice-presidents, and a cabinet that is drawn from five armed groups, the unarmed political opposition, civil society, and the previous government of Joseph Kabila."
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Theories of Democratic Governance, 2007.
This paper explores the nature of the relationship between democratic governance and economic development in Africa.
6,841 words (approx. 27.4 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 155.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how poverty is known to create conditions that prevent democracy. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of theories of democratic governance to identify key elements in the historical evolution of democratic theories as they relate to development in Africa. The paper compares democratic theories from the perspectives of human nature, socioeconomic standing, politics, morality, ethics and culture. The paper also contrasts actual country events and experiences with assertions of theorists in the field, including Aristotle, Robert Dahl, Thomas Hobbes, Immanuel Kant, Niccolo Machiavelli, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Joseph Alois Schumpeter and Alexis de Tocqueville.
Outline:
Democratic Theorists
Application of Relevant Democratic Theories to Key Development Issues in Africa Today
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In his essay, "Consolidating Democracy on a Troubled Continent," Oko (2000) notes that, "In the dawn of the new millennium, the quest for a durable democracy in Africa remains largely unsolved. As democratization efforts that engulfed Africa immediately after colonial rule quickly atrophied, authoritarian rule supplemented them, mostly in the form of military regimes and one-party states" (p. 573). Today, Africa is in the latter stage of its so-called "third wave" of democratic reforms, but many international observers question whether these initiatives are too little too late to solve the enormous and complex problems facing the continent in the 21st century."
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The Process of Democratization, 2005.
A discussion of the current issue in Iraq contrasts with the past process of democratization in post-WWII Germany and Japan.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines several recent attempts at democratization in the 20th century. The paper suggests that in Japan and Germany in the years following World War II, Allied attempts to foster the creation of democratic societies were successful to varying degrees. The paper then concludes that consequently many have drawn a parallel between democratization in those nations and current attempts to create a democratic society in Iraq.
From the Paper
"The Process of Democratization: How Does the Current Issue in Iraq Contrast with the Process in Post-World War II Germany and Japan? The process of democratization in a nation is not as simple and straightforward as many politicians would have us believe. This is evident when we examine several recent attempts at democratization in the 20th century. In Japan and Germany in the years following World War II, Allied attempts to foster the creation of democratic societies were successful to varying degrees."
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Democratization in Hong Kong, 2005.
This paper discusses the pushes for and against democratization in Hong Kong.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the matter of democratization in Hong Kong. The writer looks at activism in favor of democratization. Further the writer examines forces against democratization in Hong Kong.
From the Paper
"The issue of democratization in Hong Kong is one that has polarized the former British colony, now a part of the People's Republic of China. Since the handover proceedings in 1997 and in the years leading up to it, there has been a strong political activism in favor of democratization. And while it can be difficult in the West, sometimes, to imagine a people that would not be wholeheartedly in favor of increased democratization, there are equally strong forces in Hong Kong acting to resist democratization."
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Democratic Accountability, 2007.
This paper examines Richard Swift's ideas about liberalism and his proposals to promote democratic accountability.
1,128 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Swift criticizes neo-liberalism for its "weak democratic" values and presents a series of proposals that would promote democratic accountability by fostering strong democracy in the economy and in the state in general. The paper argues that Swift's solutions tend to be both unrealistic and characterized by internal contradictions. The paper presents an alternative solution for fostering democratic accountability and values.
From the Paper
"Swift contends that democracy has not been a strong element of Liberalism from its early incarnation at the time of the Industrial Revolution to its modern incarnation in the Neo-Liberal era of Globalization. His critique of the "democratic malaise" of the modern world is both incisive and well-argued as he makes a strong case for reforms to remedy the current system of "weak democracy" characterized by the extraordinary concentration of political and economic power in the hands of a privileged few in the developed world (Swift 30-32)."
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Technology, Democratic Participation and Community Building, 2002.
Examines the impact of information and communication technologies on democratic participation and community building.
1,983 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 60 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are purported by many to increase democratic participation and build communities. To analyze this supposition, the paper first defines democratic participation and community building in the context of ICTs. Specifically, it reviews literature on 1) enhancing strong democracy 2) revitalizing sense of community and 3) increasing social capital. In section two, the paper then presents cases that illustrate the arguments for and against these claims. In the third and final section, the paper summarizes the potentials and limitations of using ICTs to build communities and increase participation. Finally, it makes policy recommendations for realizing the empowering capabilities for democratic participation and community building of ICTs.
From the Paper
"To reach the possibilities afforded by these technologies, public policies must support an environment that fosters political participation and community building. It is therefore important that the public interest notion that is integrated into existing telecommunications policies not be overwritten with notions of economic efficiency as the basis for public interest (Horwitz, Robert Britt, 1989). As Schaefer (1995) indicates, privatizing the evolving network infrastructure for ICTs undermine the network's long-range potential to encourage citizen-to-citizen discussion of public issues (Schaefer, Richard J., 1995). Similarly, equitable access to ICTs through all strata of society is necessary for pluralist discussions to take place online."
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Democratic Community in School, 2002.
A literary review on nurturing a democratic community within the public school system.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper is on "democratic community within a public school". The paper analyzes and discusses the topic with reference to the article "No Exit" written by David Labaree and the two books, which are "Building Community In Schools" by Thomas Sergiovanni and "Education and Democratic Theory" by Belden Fields and Walter Feinberg. The paper explores the parallels between Labaree's agenda for defining community as an organizational practice in schools and according to Sergiovanni and Feinberg. The paper discusses the rudiments that are most important to nurture a specifically democratic community within our public schools? What are the challenges or obstacles cited? The paper goes on to discuss the community as set out by Sergiovanni and Feinberg and what is the most important constituent in budding an autonomous society?
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Democratization, 2005.
A discussion on the process and likelihood of democratization in the various former Soviet states.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at democratization in the various former Soviet states, noting that many observers are optimistic about the prospects for democratization in many of these states. It looks at how the likelihood of democratization in the different states depends on a number of variable factors, such as regional history, economic and political stability and international pressures.
From the Paper
"The Soviet bloc disintegrated in 1989, and immediately many in the West began worrying as to whether these states would be able to achieve democratization or democratic consolidation or would be further damaged by the effort. A more recent assessment finds that many observers are optimistic about the prospects for democratization in many of these states. The likelihood of democratization in the different states depends on a number of variable factors, such as regional history, economic and political stability, and international pressures. Philip G. Roeder, for instance, first defines democracy as an ideal arrangement in which more than fifty percent of the population is able to remove or prevent the removal of leaders (13). "
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Application of American Democratic Principles, 2006.
This in-depth paper analyzes the U.S. Constitution, the Bill of Rights and Federalist Papers while contending that these historical works of writing contain the basic principles which most democratic societies around the world are built upon.
4,625 words (approx. 18.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper, written as a proposal intended for a fictitious remote island in the South Pacific, details the basic principles needed to create a viable and prosperous democratic society. This paper contains selected texts from the U.S. Constitution, Federalist Papers and the Bill of Rights which are all crucial building blocks when instituting a democratic government. This paper also lays out a plan for creating an expedient and profitable economy by making use of existing resources such as land and agriculture.
From the Paper
"Given the fact that each state will have its own government for the conduct of its own internal affairs, Article IV is applicable since it contains provisions that pertain to the responsibility of the states to each other and of the central government to the states. This is an important part of the effort to conduct business in each region in such a way that the national interest will be upheld. I suggest that you adopt a similar set of measures to regulate internal affairs in the future as you become more involved in commerce with the rest of the world and with your neighbors in the Pacific."
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Resisting Democratization in Hong Kong, 2005.
This paper discusses reasons for and against the democratization of Hong Kong.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at some of the arguments for and against the democratization of Hong Kong. The possible effects of democratization on global affairs are discussed. Also mentioned are the new anti-sedition laws passed by China's Communist government and the effects this would have on US-Chinese relations and Taiwan's independence. Some larger global issues are also mentioned in this article.
From the Paper
"It would seem absurd to suggest that any country's citizens does not want their country to become a democracy. We see daily news reports of citizens all over the world marching in demand to be allowed to hold free elections with universal suffrage. So why do two of the three major political parties in Hong Kong hold anti-democracy positions? This paper examines the reasons for and against democratization of China's Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, who holds those opinions and what future possible repercussions might be. Protests and demonstrations of over 500,000 people have been held yearly in Hong Kong, demanding the democratic rights of free elections for all people of voting age in the SAR."
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Democratic Deficit, 2002.
Looks at the issue of democratic deficit, using Paul Martin's concept description as a reference.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of the democratic deficit in Canada. Paul Martin's concept of 'democratic deficit' and six responses are outlined.
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Democratic Government, 2002.
A discussion on the conditions necessary for democratic government to flourish.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the relationship between a free-market economy and a representative government, exploring the values implicit in a capitalist society that are conducive to democratic rule. Using the United States as an example, the paper then moves on to examine other cultural values that may be necessary for the creation and maintenance of a democratic society. It looks at the concept of majority rule without compromising the rights and desires of the minority and concludes with a study of voter participation in the USA.
From the Paper
"Current definitions of representative democratic government ? which we might more properly call republican (but not Republican) government ? are far more likely to include ideas about economics as well as ideas about the purely political. It is the consensus today of many political scientists ? and many just ordinary citizens ? that democracy cannot exist in the absence of a free or at least a nearly free market. (There are certainly those that disagree that a free market is a requisite for representative government; the electorate of Brazil that just voted a socialist into the country?s highest office, for example.)"
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