| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "DEFENSE MECHANISMS": |
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Defense Mechanisms, 2008.
An analysis of the Freudian theory concerning defense mechanisms.
1,463 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and critically evaluates the evidence for psychological defense mechanisms by examining Freudian theory in works such as "Civilization and its Discontents" and responsive works such as "Individual Differences" by Colin Cooper. The paper debates the issue of whether the evidence Freud provided on defense mechanisms is controversial, as are his theories about the id, ego, and superego. The paper contends that one's belief in the existence of defense mechanisms is dependent to a significant extent upon one's belief in Freud's theory of the mind as a whole, and upon one's view of the impact individual differences may have on human psychology.
From the Paper
"Freud (1989) theorized that through projection, when a person's unacceptable, forbidden urges intensify and break into consciousness, they are attributed to others. Likewise, unconscious rationalization eliminates anxiety or guilt by formulating perfectly reasonable reasons for the unacceptable behavior; displacement occurs when a natural urge cannot be vented and is then repressed and often displaced to another, disguised means of venting; and reaction formation occurs in order to fend off an anxiety-inducing and unacceptable impulse by replacing it with its over-emphasized, diametrically opposite impulse. "
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Plant Defense Mechanisms, 2002.
An overview of the many plant defense mechanisms from structural and metabolic defenses to biotechnology.
2,456 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
Plants have developed their own unique methods to protect themselves from threats and without these defenses would perish. These defenses range from natural defenses that plants have developed over time such as thorns or waxy leaves to bio-engineered defenses where the plants have molecularly altered defenses. This paper highlights the key plant defense mechanisms including structural, metabolic, defenses against insects, defenses against pathogens and disease resistant genes. It also examines biotechnology including case studies and discusses its future.
From the Paper
"When an insect attacks a plant, the attack signals the plant to produce insect toxins. These toxins may have varying effects on insects. The effects may range from simply repelling inspects to inhibiting the insects development. The compound within plants that signals them to release the toxins is called systemin. Systemin activates two genes that in turn produce proteinase inhibitors. Insects use proteinase to digest proteins. When the plant releases the proteinase inhibitors, it prevents the insect?s ability to digest the plant?s proteins."
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Defense & Escape Mechanisms, 1996.
Psychological means of adapting to stress & trauma. Definitions, role of ego, positive & negative uses & effects.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"In attempting to adapt to the demands of everyday life, psychoanalytic theories has for decades suggested that individuals rely upon mechanisms of adjustment. The two dominant forms of mechanisms of adjustment are the defense mechanism and the escape mechanism. These two forms of adjustment account for a majority of the ways in which individuals modify their behavior as triggered by the stress and trauma which they daily encounter in their environments. According to the American Psychiatric Association's latest updates as issued in the Diagnosis Statistical Manual IV Sourcebook, mechanisms of adjustment enable individuals to cope with modern life's high degrees of unusual stress (Strain, 1996, p. 1039). This brief overview will..."
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Splitting As A Defense Mechanism, 2002.
Examines concepts of six theorists regarding splitting of the psyche or personality.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
Examines concepts of six theorists regarding splitting of the psyche or personality. Object-relations view of the splitting defense. Views of Freud; ego splitting and pathology. Melanie Klein; internal objects concept. Michael Balint; infant-mother relationship. Edith Jacobson; experience of self in the environment. D. W. Winnicott; ego defense & subjective experience. W. R. D. Fairbairn; role of maternal bonding with child.
From the Paper
"This research examines the manner in which six theorists of object relations conceptualize the ego defense known as splitting. The research will set forth the background for the object-relations treatment of the splitting defense and then discuss the views of each theorist in turn.
The concept of ego-defenses has been connected to psychoanalytical theory almost from the earliest days of the discipline. Freud cites the psychopathology implicit when "the boundary lines between the ego and the external world become uncertain or in which they are actually drawn incorrectly . . . subject to disturbances[,] and the boundaries of the ego are not constant" (Freud, 1961, p. 13). Kernberg (1986, p. 352) refers to Freud's link of ego splitting to pathology, as well as his definition of ego splitting as "the co-existence of two..."
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Self-Defense, 2004.
A paper looking into the laws and ethical issues of self-defense.
1,935 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how self-defense is a justification of violence and how, according to self-defense laws, a person may defend himself or herself if he or she believes that there is a reasonable threat of bodily injury or death. It looks at how self-defense may also be used to justify the defense of one's property or even of a third person. It discusses Tennessee laws regarding self-defense and some of the exceptions to the laws.
Outline
Description of Self-Defense
Moral Dilemmas in Self-Defense
Self-Defense
Defense of Third Person
Protection of Life or Health
Protection of Property
Protection of Third Person?s Property
Use of Device to Protect Property
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The two most important topics when trying to justify self-defense are necessity and proportionality. If someone is killed in the defense of another, the death is usually considered to be an accident and occurred only out of defense and spontaneity. When considering necessity, one must look at whether it was really necessary to kill or harm the attacker or intruder. For instance, the defendant should have defended his or herself only if it was necessary and the attack or danger was imminent and unavoidable. Proportionality is what is examined when considering the amount of force that was used compared to the amount of force necessary to deter or fend off an attacker or intruder (Uniacke 1994:32-33). Devine (1978) also brings up a point that is not commonly considered when examining the issue of self-defense: abortion."
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Ballistic Missile Defense at the Global, State, and Local Levels, 2001.
An analysis at the global, state, and local levels of the US decision to move forward with a ballistic missile defense system, with background, reactions of other countries, ideologies, and policies.
2,835 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 12 sources, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the US decision to move forward with a ballistic missile defense system. The author gives a background on the history and technology of ballistic missile defense and then examines the reactions of other countries to the American missile defense decision. Also discussed are the ideological and moral support for missile defense at the state level. Finally, missile defense is analyzed as a political issue in relation to the 2000 elections and as an economic issue for defense contractors and certain parts of the country that stand to gain business from an expanded missile defense.?
From the Paper:
"On March 23, 1983, President Ronald Reagan began one of the most important legacies of the last stage of the Cold War with a speech outlining his Strategic Defense Initiative. The Star Wars program, as it came to be known, immediately created tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union, as well as between the US and its allies, and sparked debate over the feasibility, cost, benefits, and consequences of ballistic missile defense (BMD). This debate may not have mattered much when missile defense technology was too immature to make deployment practical or even possible. However, seventeen years later, technology has advanced to the point where the US must decide now whether it wants missile defense in the future. A decision of this magnitude, involving billions of dollars and potentially billions of lives, must be examined closely at all levels of analysis."?
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National Defense, 2006.
A discussion on the future of national defense in America.
3,927 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by defining national defense and expands on the need for a national defense strategy in light of the September 11th terrorist attacks. It continues with a detailed discussion on the new defense strategy. The author also reviews the need for applying a strategy that respects human dignity. The paper, in reviewing a defense report, states that the new defense strategy will accomplish the goal of national security by fortifying the authority of the Director of Central Intelligence, by developing a new framework for intelligence warning, by developing consistent methods of collecting information, by investing in potential capabilities while working to protect them and by collecting intelligence data against terrorists and terrorist organizations.
Outline:
Introduction
National Defense
New Strategy for Defense
Encouraging Human Dignity for All
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Lastly there are disruptive challenges that must be considered. Disruptive challenges to tend to include the utilization of sophisticated technology coupled with military action (National Defense Strategy...). Such disruptive capabilities may be used to take advantage of America's vulnerabilities. The organization reports that disruptive capabilities such as cyber operations, energy weapons and biotechnology can be used to endanger American security (National Defense Strategy...). Because these capabilities are often unpredictable, special attention must be paid to fighting them. "
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The Global Defense Industry, 2008.
A research paper to analyze the financial implications to the global defense industry in regards to a cutback in defense spending.
17,300 words (approx. 69.2 pages), 59 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper presents research, which shows the implications, by the year 2015, for a global defense company if there are cutbacks of more than 20 percent of the U.S. federal budget. The author presents an analysis of current projects to indicate how funding is used towards military sustainment and how projected cuts could affect those projects. The paper demonstrates how the employees of global defense companies, the military and the general population of the United States could be affected. The methodology for this study is content analysis.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Context of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
Research Design and Methodology
Organization of the Study
What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Table:Government Contractors in Court
What Options will be Most Beneficial to the Employees and the General Public of the U.S.?
Table: Factors Mitigating the Impacts of Military Base Closures
Table: Recapitulation and Summary of Base Closure Journal Articles and Texts
Table: Recapitulation and Summary of Influences on Defense R&D Journal Articles and Recent Media Reports
Overview of Northrop Grumman
Table: Current R&D Initiatives by Northrop Grumman.
Overview of Boeing
Table: Current R&D Initiatives by Boeing
Overview of Lockheed Martin
Table: Current R&D Initiatives by Lockheed Martin
Potential Research and Development Initiatives
Robotics and Robot Companions for the Elderly
Water Desalination Initiatives
Video Games
Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The quantitative aspects of the water supply have been widely studied as to specific regions of the world and it is possible to view these trends on a global level. According to Starr (1996), the next few decades are going to be characterized by conflicts - even wars - over increasingly scarce water resources. This author reports that, "Nature annually contributes in fresh water to the world's continents about ten times the world's water use for all purposes. On average, about 70 percent flows to the sea in seasonal floods."
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A Cutback in Defense Spending, 2006.
An analysis of the financial implications of the cutback in defense spending on global defense companies.
5,642 words (approx. 22.6 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at global defense companies and the adaptations they have been forced to make over the years, in order to survive. According to the paper, defense spending has resulted in increased production of goods and services needed to satisfy the increased demand, a process that contributes to higher income and employment in the economy. The paper discusses how cutbacks influence the general economy.
Outline:
Chapter One: Introduction
Chapter Two: What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Chapter Three: What Options will be Most Beneficial to the Employees and the General Public of the U.S.?
Chapter Four: Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In spite of these changes in the nature of the threats being arrayed against the U.S. at home and its interests and allies abroad and despite President Bush's articulation of specific campaign promises to "skip a generation" in weapons procurement, all three of the Pentagon's advanced fighter plane programs continued to receive funding; in fact, in 2002 alone, almost $12 billion was allocated to the Air Force's F-22 Raptor, the Joint Strike Fighter/F-35, and the Navy's F-18E/F fighter plane (Ciarroco, 2002). According to Ciarroco, "The F-22 has been described as a costly cold war relic designed for an enemy that no longer exists. The Super Hornet, as the F-18E/F is known, has not been able to meet key performance goals that were used to justify its development" (2002, p. 2). The JSF (also known as the F-35) was considered one of the more likely programs to be cut or scaled back; within weeks of September 11, 2001, though, Lockheed Martin was awarded a $19 billion development contract, and international partners formally joined (Ciarroco, 2002). "
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Defense Spending Increases, 2007.
This paper examines and reviews increases in American defense spending.
3,805 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to analyze the recent increases of the national defense budget. The author argues this was plotted by US President George Bush and the US Congress in order to increase economic growth for future generations of American citizens. The writer further argues that these increases are the type of funding that feed capitalism in a negative way by promoting war and war industries. The author concludes that the current spending trends do not consider the average citizen.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Global Military Spending By Country
Background
Importance of the Research
Methodology
U.S. National Defense Spending Facts & Figures
Figure 2 Discretionary Defense Budget
Afghanistan and Iraq Missions and Impact on Defense
-Spending Increases
National Defense Spending Insanity Evidenced in Thoughtless Waste
Analysis of 'Who' is it that Profits from Increased Defense Spending
Counter Argument
Figure 3
Findings of the Study
Discussion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to the report entitled: "Recent Trends in World Spending: U.S. Military Spending Compared to World Spending" the United States military spending "...currently makes up 47% of the world military spending. The U.S. budget is also more than 8 times larger than the Chinese budget, the second largest spender." (Recent Trends in World Spending, 2006) In fact the rate of spending by the US military on a global basis rose 11% but if the costs of U.S. operations in Iraq and Afghanistan is subtracted from these figures the global military spending would have totaled a rise of only 4% in the year 2003 instead of the actual 11% rise stated. (Ibid) Additionally stated in the report is the fact that: "Among the four major spenders next to the USA- China, Russia, Japan, and, France. Only China has made any significant increase in its military spending since 1998 (an annual average rate of 10-12 %). Military spending in the other countries also increased but only moderately." (Ibid) The following table labeled Figure 1 shows the "Global Military Spending" by the countries of the United States, China, Russian, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany, Saudi Arabia, India and South Korea during 2002."
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The NCRMD Legal Defense, 2004.
A comprehensive discussion of the history and current understanding of the NCRMD (Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder) legal defense in Canada.
3,119 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the origins of the NCRMD (Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder) defense, as well as the history of the defense within Canada. Additionally, the paper explains the current definitions within the Canadian Criminal Code and examines cases in which defendants used the NCRMD plea. The paper shows that while changes to the Canadian Criminal Code need to be made to clarify the criteria for an NCRMD defense, the defense is a very necessary part of the legal process in today's court systems.
From the Paper
"According to a response by the Canadian Federal Government to the 14th Report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights, which reviewed the Mental Disorder Provisions of the Criminal Code, the current NCRMD defense can be traced back to English common law and the M'Naughten Rules (Department of Justice, Canada, 2002). During the 14th century, King Edward III was the first on record to declare madness as a total defense to a criminal charge, and by 1505, a jury in England had acquitted the first defendant on record on the grounds of insanity. According to records, by the late 1500's, the concept of a lack of guilty mind, or intent, was well established in the English courts (Aaronson, 1998)."
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Hostile Takeovers, 2002.
This paper analyzes the defense mechanisms used to protect against hostile takeovers.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how defense mechanisms such as poison pills, staggered boards of directors, golden parachutes, stockholder rights plans, greenmail payments and other methods have evolved so successfully that hostile takeovers are losing their appeal as a corporate governance strategy on Wall Street.
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Financial Implications to Global Defense Companies, 2008.
This paper provides an analysis of the financial implications of a cutback in defense spending on global defense companies.
6,405 words (approx. 25.6 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 148.95
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Abstract
This research paper attempts to determine what will happen to the employees of companies such as NGC if the U.S. government deems it necessary to reduce current spending amounts on military systems. To this end, this study considers the research and development (R&D) options for companies such as NGC, specifically, which options will be most beneficial to the employees and the general public of the U.S. Moreover, this paper looks at whether the U.S. can remain a superpower in order to protect its people from terrorism, while reducing its military expenses.
Outline:
Chapter One: Introduction
Context of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
Research Design and Methodology
Organization of the Study
Chapter Two: What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Chapter Three:What options will be most beneficial to the employees and the general public of the U.S.?
Chapter Four: Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In recent years, many pundits have been heard lamenting the loss of the 'good old days of Communism,' when America's enemies were well demarked and neatly contained in known geographic areas. By sharp contrast, today, the terrorist threats arrayed against the United States and its interests at home and abroad are dramatically different than years past, and even the most enthusiastic weapons systems advocates would likely be reluctant to suggest that such innovations would prove effective against these increasingly nebulous threats to America's security. In spite of the growing need for more sophisticated weapons and communications systems on the battlefield, some analysts suggest that the Department of Defense has failed to continue the pace of modernization projects that was historically maintained during the Cold War. One author emphasizes that, "It would be wrong to say U.S. forces have reached the point where they are forced to use obsolete weapons and equipment. On the other hand, according to the department, the need to step up modernization funding is growing with each passing year" (Brasher, 2000, p. 203). This is not to say, of course, that the new types and levels of threats have been ignored, but rather that defense spending is not being used to its maximum advantage today, but the policymakers are trying."
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Two Views of the Insanity Defense, 1982.
This paper presents pro and con views of allowing the insanity defense in the criminal justice system and concludes with the argument favoring the continued use of the insanity defense.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"Alan Stone in Chapter 17, begins his discussion of the insanity defense by defining the basic nature of the law, and the basic nature of psychiatry. He argues that the law is formal, rigid, traditional, objective and judgmental; psychiatry is flighty, expansive, unconventional, subjective, and understanding. There seems to be little room for common ground. Stone intimates, that what the law wanted from psychiatric investigation, was rock-bound methodology that explained aberrant behavior. During the 1950s the Durham decision further cemented the relationship between the two disciplines. The California Supreme Court seemed more willing to be lead by psychiatric reasoning, giving more credence to the insanity plea, and bring the concept of diminished capacity to the fore."
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The Strategic Defense Initiative, 2002.
An overview of the origins and objectives of the Strategic Defense Initiative.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the Strategic Defense Initiative, and all of the facets of history that tie it to the nuclear arms race, which it was supposed to defend against. By understanding the many political, economic, and nuclear powered reasons why the defense of the United States was needed, the objective of the Strategic Defense Initiative can be explained. With all of the objections, and the positive qualities about the defense system at hand, we can see why it was created, and under what circumstances this was made. With the pieces of the international nuclear threat as a foundation to the creation of the program, as well as the idea of world war in the threat of Russian capabilities, it is not hard to see why this initiative was created to stop air born missiles from satellites armed with powerful lasers.
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