| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "DEDUCTIVE NOMOLOGICAL MODEL EXPLANATION": |
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The Deductive-Nomological Model of Explanation, 2004.
Traces the history of deductive-nomological theory.
1,376 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look back at classical philosophy to determine the origins of the deductive-nomonological model. The paper looks at the evolutionary nature of the model, which proceeds from the skepticism predominant in the Middle Ages towards the universals of Aristotle. The paper goes on to discuss subsequent philosophies that questioned whether universal laws can be described successfully. The paper concludes with a look at the views of the deductive nomological model held by scientific realists, nominalists and defendants of the model.
From the Paper
"The Deductive-Nomological model of explanation is a logical process that was developed after World War II by Carl Hempel to derive working scientific explanations from laws that are created from the regular observation of phenomena, which can then be used to successfully predict the subsequent re-application of these laws. These laws are, in effect, explanations of phenomena or theories, and by using such explanations to predict new events we can successfully prove their validity. This theory relies heavily on the empiricism of Locke and others, but seeks to modify it in order to facilitate its application in the statistical methodologies commonly employed in the social scientists by logical positivists. Its history can be traced back to classical philosophy, where we find the question of ?universals,? where it was questioned whether universal laws described events successfully."
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Deductive Economics, 1997.
An overview and analysis of deductive reasoning and logic in Jevons?s "A Deadly Indifference".
1,051 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the application of macroeconomic principals to real-world problems, by detailing and analyzing instances in which the fictional protagonist makes deductions about criminal behavior patterns by using economic concepts.
From the Paper
"Economics is not something the average person thinks of as being practical in an everyday sense. Most people?excepting those who are economists?are only exposed to economic thinking when they?re filing their tax returns, or when they?re trying to figure out why Alan Greenspan can announce that he doesn?t feel so well today and suddenly the stock market crashes (why is that, anyway?). Fortunately, Professor Henry Spearman is not an everyday person. In fact, the protagonist of Marshall Jevons? "A Deadly Indifference" proves that economic thinking can not only be practical, but can actually solve crimes. This came as no surprise to me, of course, because I am a regular viewer of ?The X-Files,? where such extraordinary things happen every week."
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An Explanation of Aristotle?s "Four Causes", 2002.
Examining the concepts of Aristotle's 'Four Causes' in "Physics II".
1,319 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The Four Causes are enumerated as the following: the material cause, efficient cause, formal cause and final cause. This paper provides an definition of each of these causes as they relate to the processes and functions that a being or object goes through, and the basis for existence.
From the Paper
"The proper definitions that Aristotle gave in explaining the concept of each cause are the following:
1)Material Cause- That out of which something occurs comes to be and which is present in that thing.
2)Formal Cause- That in virtue of which something is the sort of thing that it is.
3)Efficient Cause- That from which comes the beginning of motion or rest.
4)Final Cause- That for the purpose of which something comes to be.
The following definitions are somewhat complicated in that they do not give us a concrete idea what the following causes explain in describing the processes and functions of a being or object in this world. A simplified explanation of the Four Causes is given through an article in the Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2001), and these are the following: (1) Material Cause is the elements out of which an object is created; (2) Formal Cause is the expression of what it is; (3) Efficient Cause is the means by which it is created; and (4) Final Cause id the end for what it is. These simplified versions of Aristotle?s definitions for the Four Causes are sufficient enough for us to be able to explain the essence of these concepts in applying to the actuality of existence, the processes, and functions of the being or object."
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An Explanation of the Principles and Uses of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, 2001.
A look at the many advantages of this technique, and in what applications it can be used.
2,310 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"Although the properties of supercritical fluids were know, it was not until 1958 when Lovelock suggested that a supercritical fluid can be used as a mobile phase in chromatography. Now, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is widely used in extraction, fraction, and chromatography. SFC has many advantages over other chromatography methods. It allows one to separate many substances that cannot be analyzed by gas chromatography. Its applicability is limited by volatility and thermal properties of many organic compounds. Although less volatile compounds can be analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, very long analysis time and very small column diameters are needed in order to achieve good separations due to the limitations of solute diffusion in the mobile phase. SFC is able to overcome these difficulties and allows high-resolution separation at low temperatures with short analysis times."
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An Explanation of Gender Types, 2008.
An analysis of the various gender types and their roles in society.
853 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper opens with a description of the terms "hegemonic masculinity" and "ideal femininity" and suggests that if a man is not powerful then he is not perceived to be a man, while all women are feminine. The paper continues with comments and descriptions of other sexual deviants and concludes that although people are brought up to behave in their gender roles, it is possible to follow in the direction that one chooses.
Outline:
Hegemonic masculinity
Ideal femininity
Compulsory heterosexuality
Transgender sexuality
From the Paper
"Ideal Femininity
Sandra Lee Bartley describes "ideal femininity" as being an idealized aesthetic, arrived at by changing the perception of women from 'female' to 'feminine.' The first term, of course, is a term that refers strictly to the construction of the woman's body. The second term, however, refers to making that body soft, delicate, and attractive to the men that want to secure a woman as their mates. Bartley makes it clear that women are prey animals for the male predator in this culture, which makes women the possessions of the men that marry them. In addition to infantilizing women in the name of beauty, however, ideal femininity sets women against women, as each woman competes to be more soft, more delicate, and more attractive than all the other women around her."
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Strategic Explanation of KAL Shoot-Down, 2001.
This paper looks at the shooting down of KAL flight 007 during the Reagan administation in 1982.
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This essay is an examination of the shoot-down of KAL flight 007 in 1982. The author puts forth the idea that KAL 007 was used by the Reagan administration to test Soviet radar capabilities and that once the plane was shot down by Soviet fighters, the disaster was covered up.
From the Paper
"Official reports claimed the 747 was shot down, crashed into the ocean, and disappeared. No large debris from the crash was every recovered, however. The Soviets claimed they had found the plane in 300 feet of water off an island near Japan , but never removed the wreckage. Only tiny pieces of the plane and small body parts were ever found. The small sizes of the pieces recovered indicate depressurization of the cabin, and that the plane was not destroyed in the air."
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The Discrimination of Human Action, 2002.
A look at the deductive-nomological model of explanation by Carl Hempel.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper will look at the issue of free will, action and causes in relation to Hempel's theory. This paper will also describe why human actions cannot be discriminated against if there is indeed no free will.
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Investors' Behavior Explanations, 2006.
A review of various forms of evidence that support the explanation that investors over react to information about the corporations in which they invest.
1,709 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper lists various factors by which investors can be influenced by the corporations in which they invest. The paper analyzes each factor to demonstrate that this behavior is a form of over reaction. In conclusion, the writer states that investors do not realize that their behavior could influence the market for which they are working and that in the process of over reaction, they create external forces that can lead back to them, making them vulnerable to the same factors they want to avoid.
Table of Contents:
Downsizing
Fidgety Shareholders
Resource Management
Governance
Liquidity
Hedging
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In addition to financial information conveyed in the layoff signal, investors view firms' governance practices as important information to help them assess the "bottom-line" results of the announced layoff strategy. In capital market theory, the stock market's reaction to an announced event reflects all available information. However, management has an information advantage over investors by knowing how much effort it actually intends to put into the short- and long-term activities that will create current and future earnings. Such information asymmetries can compromise the accuracy of investors' evaluation of managers' strategies. Valuable inside information influences the content of the signal that firms convey in announcements to investors. Besides signaling, firms use layoff announcements as a form of impression management by attempting to "make work force reductions appear proactive rather than reactive" This implies that investors may receive inaccurate or incomplete information about how management intends to execute and implement its layoff strategy."
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Crime in America: Theoretical Explanations, 2004.
Attempts to explain crime through sociological and criminological theories.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper presents several sociological and criminological theories, including Labeling, Differential Association, Control, Strain and Differential Opportunity theories to explain crime in the United States. The paper argues that citizen involvement must increase in order to decrease crime. Those who are labeled fall into a niche of secondary deviance and will continue to commit crimes. The paper shows the difference between white and blue collar crime. Anomie and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) are also looked at in detail.
From the Paper
"Now labeled and ostracized by the public, the person begins to view this label as central to their identity and the label soon becomes the person's master status. So what can this person possibly do? Society has shunned them, they no longer feel connected with the regular community and they are most likely to be completely enveloped by this little label. An option that often comes up is for the person to join a deviant subculture and be around others with similar labels."
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Gramscian and Marxist-Leninist Explanations, 2005.
A review of American foreign policy from a Middle Eastern Perspective
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines two levels of analysis that an adviser to a Middle Eastern leader might advance to illuminate American foreign policy. The paper employs the Gramscian (Hegemonic) and Marxist-Leninist levels of analysis because they are effective in leading a foreign leader towards the realization that powerful interest groups in America must also be placated - not just the president.
From the Paper
"There are two levels of analysis that, more so than any others, allow the careful observer to understand why America has embarked on the path it has chosen. These levels of analysis are Hegemony and the Marxist-Leninist explication for international relations and actions. With these epistemological tools uppermost in mind, the following brief paper will outline how an adviser to a Middle Eastern president can guide his leader towards making informed choices about dealing with America."
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Explanations of Rape, 2005.
This paper looks at how different theories explain raping.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how different theories would explain raping; the consensus vs. conflict model, and discusses how the theories of Sutherland and Tarde explain the effects of mass media violence.
From the Paper
"In criminology there are two models of crime, the consensus model and the conflict model. Under the consensus model the majority of citizens in a society share the same values, beliefs and morals and criminal acts are those that conflict with these values and beliefs and are deemed harmful to society. In sociological terms, this is the structural functionalist view which emphasizes harmony, consensus and cooperation. Sociological Functionalists see society from a macro sociological point of view."
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Theoretical Explanations for Gang Participation, 2004.
Describes some of the theories used to explain why youths decide to become gang members.
1,481 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at many of the theories that have been used to help explain the persistence of gangs in America and why so many youths are attracted to gang life. The paper also describes what are considered to be strong predictors of gang involvement and what types of programs exist in the United States to deal with the problem of gangs.
From the Paper
"Gangs have been in the United States since the late 1800?s. The first gangs were immigrants trying to acclimate to this new world. The streets of New York were infested with violence and crime. The gangs governed the streets. Gangs fought amongst one another for control and power. The most powerful gang controlled the revenue of the township. Gangs were greedy and would do anything to capitalize on those who feared them. There was mayhem and disorder. Things were so far out of control. Finally, the military was called to intervene. They had to take drastic measures to gain order. The military was successful in their efforts and a more civilized community was restored."
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Popper's History, 2002.
An overview of Sir Karl Popper's evaluation of historical explanation, interpretation and narrative.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 1 source, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper is an analysis on the topic concerning the distinctions between 'historical explanation', 'historical interpretation', and 'historical narrative'. The focus of this analysis will be directed toward understanding Sir Karl Popper's central arguments concerning the above categories. In particular, it will be argued that for Popper historical explanation is little more than both narrative and interpretation, and more so the latter as opposed to the former. The focus in this sense will be directed toward understanding Popper's position that maintains that history as a discipline (form of explanation) will necessarily fall short of scientific criteria. The following will begin with a general overview of some of the problems of history within the context of Popper, and then proceed to analysis of 'explanation', 'interpretation', and finally, historical 'narrative'.
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Social Disorganization Theory, 2006.
Examines Social Disorganization Theory as an explanation of homicide.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Social Disorganization Theory as an explanation of homicide. The explanation is delineated and criticisms of the theory are discussed. The paper concludes that the theory is sound in explaining homicide but insufficient in explaining several phenomena associated with homicide.
From the Paper
"Siegel states that there are several theoretical explanations for homicide but that none is definitive primarily because of difficulties associated with empirical research on homicide ..."
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Defining Marketing, 2007.
An explanation of multiple definitions of marketing along with explanations of the critical nature of marketing to the success of a business organization.
973 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper provides information about the concept of marketing. It includes multiple definitions of marketing along with explanations of the critical nature of marketing to the success of a business organization. The paper includes marketing concepts from a macro-economic and micro-economic perspective. Furthermore, it details recent examples of successful marketing ventures by well-known business organizations.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Defining Marketing
Definition of Marketing
Significance of Marketing in Organizational Success
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Marketing aspects and activities permeate almost every faction of an individual's life. From televised commercials, newspaper and magazine advertisements to product branding, marketing materials are constantly visible to consumers. Marketing material is extremely high profile because marketing is a critical part of an organization's success. This paper provides multiple definitions of marketing and examples of successful marketing ventures in the business arena. This paper also addresses the vital nature of marketing to the success of an organization."
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