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Cultural Considerations, 2008.
This paper briefly explores the article "Cultural Considerations in End-of-Life Care" by Polly Mazanec and Mary Kay Tyler, about the significance of appreciating cultural considerations in end-of-life care situations.
814 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses a scholarly article, "Cultural Considerations in End-of-Life Care" by Polly Mazanec and Mary Kay Tyler, which touches upon the issue of cultural considerations in the nursing profession. The paper provides a rough outline of the article, re-defines it in terms of how the writer understands the practice, and illustrates the relationship between the practice of cultural sensibility and the client system of which the patient is but one part. In the end, the paper insists that cultural competence is one of the new core skills that any nursing practitioner will be expected to have as the twenty-first century proceeds along.
Outline:
Abstract
Cultural Considerations in End-of-Life Care
References
From the Paper
"While cultural sensitivity may not be the first skill nursing practitioners think of when they are asked to contemplate the abilities they will most need in order to be successful in a tough, challenging profession, there can be little question that an increasingly diversified society has made it essential that nurses know how to deal with those whose cultural background differs from their own.
"Reviewing the aforementioned article, a number of things spring to mind. First of all, Mazanec and Tyler report that a clinician cannot possibly provide effective care without a strong understanding of the different cultural backgrounds of those with whom they will come into contact. Part of achieving this greater understanding entails eschewing the "ethnocentrism" that often pervades one's world-view; it is also considered appropriate that a nurse be well-aware of the family structures, communication styles, and ways in which different cultural groups respond to illness."
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Jamaican-American Culture and Health Care, 2004.
An examination of cultural aspects that need to be taken into consideration when providing health care for Jamaican-Americans.
1,258 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are several issues that need to be taken into account when providing health care for different cultural groups. Issues such as different beliefs, social structure, and attitude towards death and dying are important components in providing health care. These concepts are discussed in relation to the Jamaican-American population.
From the Paper
"Cultural differences among patient populations can present significant challenges to the medical profession. Differences in beliefs concerning general health issues, disease, pain, communication and presentation, as well as differences in lifestyle?diet, family structure, relationship to health-care, and social structure of the culture in question can not only cause miscommunication between healthcare workers, but can more importantly result in insufficient levels of care. Although the cultural component can affect all levels of interaction between patient and healthcare providers, it is often the nursing professionals that have the greatest exposure to these challenges. Further, because the nurse is often the best link between the patient and access to appropriate care, it is crucial for him or her to be aware of any cultural factors that might impact the level and appropriateness of care for a particular patient."
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Cultural Competency Committee, 2004.
This paper discusses the process of developing a cultural competency committee within a behavioral health agency.
7,154 words (approx. 28.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 159.95
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Abstract
Developing a cultural competency committee is one alternative in the search for compliance. Recent federal, state, and local laws mandate that multicultural considerations be taken into account in virtually every aspect of public life. This paper discusses how, in the case of behavioral health organizations and agencies, which deal with the most intimate problems of people from many cultures and tradition, not to mention with many different languages as their native tongues, t is paramount to understand all the facets of multiculturalism so that, if the agency decides that instituting a cultural competency committee is the proper course, it will also attend to the proper issues. It looks at one issue that has recently been raised: whether cultural competency and all its ramifications is, in fact, a new twist on racism. Nonetheless, it is clear that behavioral health organizations do deal with many cultures, and approaches must be found to do so in ways that are not discriminatory in intent or in fact.
Introduction and Statement of the Problem
Legacy of Error
Ethnic Composition of U.S. Society
Origins of Multi-Cultural Counseling/Cultural Competency
Review of the Literature
Methodology
Cultural Competency Questionnaire
References
Appendix A
From the Paper
"There is almost no area of human life that has not been touched in the past fifty years by the specter of discrimination. Although it would seem amazing to some, the fields of psychology, counseling and behavioral therapies have not gone untouched by racism. Indeed, covert and overt racist behavior and thinking was endemic to the American Psychological Association (APA), the academy and mental health organizations during that period. (Morris & Robinson, 2000, p. 239) It is not surprising then that now, in a more enlightened period, those same institutions would seek to rectify this attitude and behavior. One means of doing that is training and managing for ?cultural competency.? This cultural competency, while needed in general, is assumed also to influence the effectiveness of counseling when it must be done in a multicultural setting. (Morris & Robinson, 2000, p. 239)"
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Cultural Diversity, 2005.
An overview of the phenomenon of worldwide cultural diversity.
3,749 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how companies have been experiencing a considerable dilemma in cultural values in the wake of a massive scale of amalgamations going on worldwide. It looks at how now they have to touch upon not only the customary cultural disparities of interaction at the company level, but also over much broader matters relating to culture and languages. It explores how the image of the place of work is undergoing transformation and how an increasing number of women, a higher incidence of racial minorities, and a greater number of migrants are becoming part of the total employee size.
From the Paper
"A lot of verbal and nonverbal variations in interactions inherent to a culture exist, which might influence on the interference procedure with persons coming from divergent history of culture and languages. Every culture exemplifies its own conventions regarding accepted behavioral norms that have a bearing on the verbal and nonverbal interactions. Culture aids individuals with manner of imaginations, manner of envisioning, listening and understanding the universe. Therefore identical set of expressions can convey dissimilar substances to individuals from diverse cultures although they might be conversing in the same jargon. Whereas the diversity in languages, conversion into one's own language has to be resorted to for enabling communication, the chances of misinterpretations rise."
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Cultural Diversity in Global Firms, 2004.
Looks at cultural diversity in global firms and their positive impacts.
2,423 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 47 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the impact that cultural diversity is having on large businesses. It contends that the success of large firms depends upon their acknowledgment of cultural diversity within their employee and consumer base. It also asserts that companies must implement human resource management strategies that take this diversity into consideration. The paper looks at some of the challenges companies face when their work force is multicultural and suggests that companies must upgrade and enhance the cross-cultural skills of company executives and managers in order to maintain a competitive advantage. Also examined are various domestic diversity models developed in order to deal with some of the problems associated with cultural diversity and the ways in which they attempt to redress past grievances, cover the weaknesses of domestic diversity differences, and help organizations avert future problems.
From the Paper
"The famous 'Fortune' magazine in its issue of 1994 notes that there has been a 2500 percent increase in the total volume of international trade between the period of 1960 and 1993, with numerous business organizations expanding their business portfolios from domestic to the international arenas. (Fortune, 1993) The same magazine in its issue of 1997 also noted that world trade witnessed a tremendous growth rate that was even faster that the world gross domestic product. (Fortune, 1997). It was further noted that the majority of chief executive officers of large national organizations expected that both employment and revenue generation would comprise largely from sources outside the organization's home country, and further that the success of such organization depended upon an effective management of human resources, and keeping an competitive advantage edge over their nearest competitors through such measures as alignment of human resource management strategies and diverse cultures."
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Cultural Diversity in Adolescents and Counseling, 2007.
This paper discusses the issue of cultural diversity among adolescents and related counseling.
1,786 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer explains that multicultural psychology is a branch of study that focuses on cultural diversity and aims at providing strategies and solutions in dealing with racial, ethnic or cultural differences in the course of interpersonal relations. The writer discusses that traditional psychology usually studies the individual and the intra-psychic phenomena, whereas multicultural psychology focuses on the extra-psychic factors that influence the development and the social identity of a person, such as belonging to a particular culture or ethnicity. The writer points out that multicultural psychology needs to use an interdisciplinary theoretical basis and take into consideration all the factors that might influence the development of a certain individual.
The writer concludes that every ethnic group faces certain problems when trying to adapt to a different cultural space.
From the Paper
"Multicultural competencies enable an individual to work well and interact properly in a cross cultural environment. The major and indispensable multicultural competencies are: cultural self- awareness together with cultural awareness of the others' views and attitudes, cultural knowledge including historical background, traditions and customs and cultural skills that help communication and integration in a multicultural situation. Thus, multicultural competencies consist primarily of specific cultural knowledge regarding the other ethnicities, and of an appropriate understanding of their different worldviews and attitudes. Different races and ethnicities have different perspectives on life and respect different sets of value."
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Ethical Considerations in Criminal Surveillance, 2006.
An examination of the ethical considerations in policing techniques such as video surveillance and shot detection microphones.
3,120 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper studies two technological advances -- video surveillance and shot detection microphones, both of which make police work easier, but which also raise ethical concerns. The author considers the effectiveness, usefulness and ethical considerations in using each of these two crime prevention methods. The paper cites Supreme Court decisions, focusing on fourth amendment issues to privacy.
From the Paper
"The question is how free such a society can really be. If privacy is annihilated, many other rights go with it. The situation could escalate to a "big brother" sort of society, when perfectly honest citizens are never certain about how their actions are observed and interpreted. That is why it is essential to exercise rigorous control over modern electronic surveillance methods. Of course, while a fundamental right, privacy is not an absolute right. There are cases where it is legitimate and necessary to sacrifice some privacy in order to ensure security. This is the case in places where security is a high risk, such as shops and airports. However, rigorous research needs to be done to determine the measures that should be taken to ensure safety, and the degree to which privacy should be sacrificed. Video surveillance is of course standard practice in the above-mentioned high-risk situations. However, in a public place such as a street or a park alternative measures could be considered."
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Ethical Considerations, 2006.
A discussion on the ethical considerations of fraudulent misrepresentation and mergers and acquisitions.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how fraudulent misrepresentation, also known as fraud or deceit, is a tort based on liability for material misrepresentations, upon which a party justifiably relies, which lead to a contract or other legal relationship. It points out that the reasonable reliance clause makes the tort of fraudulent misrepresentation an acceptable part of ethics law and how the ethical ramifications of the extension of liability are enormous. It also relates that the very complexity of most mergers and acquisitions, combined with the sheer number of interested parties, makes it unlikely that a merger or acquisition can be completed without dealing with conflicts of interest or other ethical considerations.
Table of Contents
Fraudulent Misrepresentation
Mergers and Acquisitions
From the Paper
"The merger of acquisition of small companies presents different ethical issues. The first issue is that rumors of a merger might be enough to destroy a smaller business, which means that confidentiality takes on a new importance in small business mergers. The second issue is that many small businesses are funded from the outside, whether through investors, lenders, or venture capitalists. Any change in a company's ownership has to protect the interests of the people and institutions that already have an interest in the company."
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Literary Considerations in the Gospel Of John, 2002.
This paper addresses issues of audience appeal and historical considerations in the Gospel of John.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses issues of audience appeal and historical considerations in the Gospel of John. It discusses in detail the events of the first two chapters, and how these are meant to draw a certain type of audience to the new philosophy of Christianity. It also theorizes on how John's audience would look if he had been writing for contemporary readers.
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Cross-Cultural Communications, 2007.
This paper provides a research report on the business practices and customs of Japan.
1,864 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at various customs and practices that are present in Japan. The writer demonstrates that in many ways such customs and business practices are different from those in America. The writer points out that when negotiating in Japan, it is best to observe a highly deferential communication style, as opposed to a confrontational style. Further, the writer explains that debate and an open show of disharmony will make a negotiator seem rude, rather than dominant or skillful. In this essay, the writer discusses different types of communication and presents an overview of Japanese styles and customs.
Outline:
Communication Style and Preference
Formal/Informal
Linguistic Differences
Language Barriers and Interpretation
Nonverbal Communication (body language, eye contact, space)
Structure of Business Correspondence
Cultural Norms and Religious Influences
Organizational Structure of Businesses
Hierarchy & Leadership style
Individual or Group Orientation
Role of Women
Negotiation Process
Style and Phrases
Deadlines
Rules of Engagement
Family and Social Structure
Hospitality
Ethical Considerations
Legal and Government Considerations
Codes
Labor Regulations
Works Cited
From the Paper
"The Japanese are likely to know that shaking hands rather than bowing is considered appropriate by Americans, but be prepared to bow, nonetheless. One lesser-known fact is that an American should avoid making the 'OK' sign, as in Japan it means money rather than affirmation. Pointing is simply considered rude."
"As in all nations with different nonverbal protocols, avoid using large hand signals, extremely animated facial expressions and dramatic movements that could be misinterpreted by one's host. Also, although the Japanese may be prepared for American communication differences, it is worth remembering that the Japanese do not talk with their hands and to do so with great animation could distract the Japanese, rather than prove an asset to communication."
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"Considerations on Representative Government", 2002.
A look at the philosophical work of John Stuart Mills - "Considerations on Representative Government".
1,807 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Mills explores the idea that liberty is in fact, truly realized only in a nation where a representative government is elected. A representative government can be defined in fact, as a democratic government, one that is elected for the people by the people. The writer explains how Mills defines government in many ways, in an attempt to identify the role of government in keeping order and maintaining progress in a democratic society, yet also in a manner that supports the cause of ?liberty and justice for all.?
From the Paper
"Mills reconciles or brings together liberty and democracy by demonstrating how the two exist in and of themselves yet also together. A democratic government, for example, is in essence one that promotes the liberty of it?s community members and people. Mills goes on to discuss the importance of political institutions as mechanisms with which to foster in members of the community that have ?desirable qualities, moral and intellectual?. A government that fosters such desirable traits will operate in the most efficient manner."
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Nursing and Ethical Considerations, 2008.
This paper discusses roles, ethical considerations and the effectiveness of the acute care nurse practitioner and clinical nurse specialist.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer addresses three important themes for the acute care nurse practitioner (ACNP) and the clinical nurse specialist (CNS): ethical principles and ethical issues in patient care, professional resources available to help the ACNP, research highlighting the effectiveness of the ACNP and CNS in acute care. The writer also covers five ethical principles that guide the ACNP/CNS in their practice and notes that the move to procedure-based medicine requires the nurse to make more serious life-or-death decisions for the patient than in the past. The writer concludes that whereas the primary burden of patient care decision-making was placed on the physician in the past, the nurse must now weigh various ethical imperatives in order to make the right decision for the patient at the time.
Outline:
Introduction
Ethical Principles for the ACNP and CNS
Nonmaleficence
Utilitarianism
Justice
Fidelity
Veracity
Autonomy
Ethical Issues in Patient Care: Advance Directives
Ethical Issue in Patient Care: Clashing Ethical Requirements
Professional Resources
ACNP/CNS Effectiveness in Acute Care
Patients Spend Less Time in the Hospital
ACPN/CNS' Have Been Given Greater Responsibility
Increasing Cost Pressures Require Greater Nurse Participation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The legal aspects of patient treatment have come to the fore, but should not be regarded as equivalent to ethics issues. Much of what happens in the privacy of the intensive-care suite, the hospice or the general floors happens outside the purview of the medico-legal profession.
"Nurses make decisions today about patient care that they have not had to make in the past. Part of the reason for this is that hospitalized patients, on average, are sicker than they were in the past (mainly due to the shortened stay periods) and the need of physicians to leverage their care decisions with better-educated specialist nurses."
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Cultural Influences in Consumer Buying Behavior, 2008.
A research paper comparing traditional brick-and-mortar purchases and online sales in the United States and Russia.
14,950 words (approx. 59.8 pages), 35 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper provides a background and overview of how cultural influences affect consumer buying behaviours to identify any commonalities and differences between consumers in the United States and Russia, and to determine what impact these differences and commonalities have on online and brick-and-mortar outlet purchasing behaviours. Chapter one introduces the topics under consideration, provides a statement of the problem, the purpose and importance of the study, as well as its scope and rationale. Chapter two provides a critical review of the relevant and peer-reviewed literature concerning e-commerce and e-tailing and a discussion of the respective economies of Russia and the United States today. Chapter three presents the study's methodology, a description of the study approach, the data-gathering method and the database of study consulted. Chapter four is comprised of an analysis of the data developed during the research process and chapter five presents the study's conclusions, a summary of the research and salient recommendations for companies seeking to establish or expand their online presence in the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Data Analysis
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The trends are clear and unmistakable. Just a decade ago, online sales were a very small part of the national economy of the United States and were virtually nonexistent in the former Soviet Union, and online sales in total comprised a tiny fraction of global trade. Today, though, online sales are in the tens of billions of dollars, and electronic commerce is becoming increasingly important to consumers, sellers, and entire economies. Though considered to be in its relative infancy, Internet usage and on-line marketing are also growing explosively. In fact, during 2003 alone, approximately 40 million households in the U.S. made at least one purchase from the Internet, up from only six million in 1994 (Black, 2005). Rapid innovations in a wide range of telecommunications, the volume and rapidity of air travel (in spite of the September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States), e-business and instantaneous "live" television coverage of important - and not so important - events have made the world a smaller place in which to live and shop, but with an enormously wider selection of choices available for those with the right tools and access. Today, new words and terminologies have entered the vernacular to describe this emerging reality; e.g., Internet, e-commerce, KBE, ISPS, dot-com companies, web portals, telephony, PGs, wireless application protocols; combined with other buzzwords such as "creative destruction" and "paradigm shift," as well as neologisms such as "glocalization," "globalating" and "technoglobalism," it is clear that more and more businesses will be turning to the Internet as a way to improve their competitive advantage and increase their market share in current and additional markets (Mutalib, 2002). Indeed, advances in technology have provided useful supportive tools in the conventional market. For example, television and radio have greatly facilitated one-way communication. Various information systems can be used to process transactions, collect and analyze data."
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Socio and Cultural Foundations of Religion, 2006.
A discussion on the issues involved in giving psychological counseling to members of religious sects.
2,392 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how religion is an important consideration in the counseling profession, in part because many people's religious beliefs provide the foundation and structure for their organizing schemata. The paper further explains that religious beliefs may figure into a client's views and difficulties as well as their perceptions for possible transformation or solutions to their problems. The paper proposes that since religious believers are considered to be a majority in contemporary society, counselors should adopt an approach that considers religious preferences. The paper examines how psychotherapists, operating from a more secular perspective, can create difficulties when the therapist attempts to establish trust and understanding with the client. The paper explores the varying obstacles that counselors face when working with people of different religious cultures and beliefs, as well as recommending strategies for improving the counseling relationship in these circumstances.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Techniques and Obstacles When Counseling Members of Religious Faiths
Difficulty Working With Specific Religious Subgroups
Conclusions/Recommendations
From the Paper
"Ellis, Johnson & Nielsen (2001) suggest that the rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) approach is "uniquely and exceptionally well suited to treating problems and concerns of religious clients" (p. 3). The technique allows counseling in an environment that does not conflict with many religious traditions and therefore is often used successfully to accommodate varying religious beliefs even when "client and therapist have different religious orientations" or when a religious client is treated by an "atheistic therapist" (Ellis, Johnson & Nielsen, 2001: 3)."
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Lease-Purchase Considerations, 2006.
This paper uses the Bonnesante company as an example to examine some of the options and alternatives available when considering whether to lease or purchase equipment.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the various options and alternatives that Bonnesante, a medical production company, faces in deciding whether to lease or purchase capital equipment and facilities. Among some of the considerations it must account for are its cash flows and cash reserves as well as tax liability issues. For equipment that faces rapid obsolescence a lease finance package is likely best, while equipment with a long life-span it is better to purchase from the beginning. But in any event, these decisions are always subject to the individual circumstances of the company in question.
From the Paper
"The decision to lease equipment as opposed to buying it outright is a complex decision with benefits to both considerations. For the leasing option, companies that have a limited amount of capital or are constrained in their access to capital sources, leasing is the better option. For companies that have no capital issues and that are purchasing equipment that has a long life span, buying the equipment is the best option because the returns on the investment cover a longer period. Yet, there are considerations in both cases that might make the obvious choice the second option rather than the first depending on the individual conditions of each business."
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