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Cross-Cultural Communication: Turkey and Germany, 2005.
Discusses the importance of cross-cultural communication between these two countries in today's globalized world.
3,023 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
Cultural misunderstandings have doubtless occurred since the beginning of nationhood. Perhaps when communications were primitive and the world was a very large place, they were relatively unimportant. However, today, when communication is instant, the opportunities for misapprehension to cause global disaster are unprecedented. This paper shows that in terms of business, understanding other cultures may mean the difference between economic well-being and disaster. With Turkey's projected full integration into the European Union and its status as contributor of a great many of Germany's foreign workers, Turkey and Germany are two nations that have a pressing need to be certain each understands the other, politically and economically. The paper shows that it is therefore essential that each nation's business community take measures to understand the other. Little specific research vis-a-vis Germany and Turkey is available; however, vast stores of information are available regarding the communication types to which each nations belongs. In this paper, these have been winnowed to find the most appropriate rubrics under which to propose Germany and Turkey should could find common ground via their methods of communication.
From the Paper
"Another very common verbal experience for Arabic speakers-and almost unheard of for Christians, particularly in a business setting-is the expression of God's will and protection to begin or end a message. "In many cultures, such as the Arab, African, and Anglophone Caribbean countries, it is usually common to start a statement by thanking God, expecting God's blessing, or God's will" (Ihator, 2000). Westerners would ordinarily find this to be distasteful, an unwarranted expression of religiosity in a business setting, while to the Arabic speaker, it is simply an attempt to establish common ground by affirming the universal and the omnipotence of a shared belief in God. In fact, in "Muslim countries, the opening paragraph of a business letter may invoke Allah's blessing on the reader and the reader's family members- particularly when the business is family-operated" (Ihator, 2000)."
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The Transformation of Germany, 2008.
An examination of the history of Germany from World War I until today.
3,395 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Germany's economic and political development throughout the world wars and up until the twenty first century. The paper explains that what was formerly West Germany, now part of the re-unified Germany, achieved a major period of development after World War II to become the economic powerhouse in Europe. The paper looks at how after the first World War, the victorious Allies sought both to punish Germany and to assure that Germany would not be able to attack her neighbors again. The effort failed and, in fact, backfired giving Germany more reason to try to reassert her power. The paper points out that after World War II, the victors handled the situation differently, dividing Germany in two and imposing various means of monitoring the situation. The paper then discusses how Germany remained divided until the fall of the Soviet Union, after which East and West Germany re-united. In conclusion, the paper shows that the nation clearly made a major shift after World War II and continues to benefit from that shift to this day.
Outline:
The Unified German State
Germany After World War II
West Germany
Germany and Europe
Germany Recovery
Reunification
From the Paper
"At the end of World War I, curtailing German power and punishing her for her transgressions was coupled with direct efforts to eliminate the German problem. The war had taken its toll on Germany, which is why the other European powers were able to force her to sue for peace. World War I was seen as the triumph of Western liberalism represented by the British, American, and French traditions, over the German Bismarckian tradition. The changing of the borders of Germany and the accompanying creation of new national states that also adopted the liberal traditions showed which tradition had won."
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Germany-Then and Now, 2006.
A look back at the reunification of East Germany with West Germany and what obstacles had to be overcome in order to achieve reunification.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 7 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
The unification of former East Germany and former West Germany back into the singular Germany as it was prior to World War II in 1989 is commonly cited as a text book scenario of healing ideological and economic divisions between rival states. It also is quoted often as model of reunification for North and South Korea to follow in their eventual reunification as well. Yet, how difficult was the execution of the reunification of East and West Germany? This paper presents a brief examination of each countries' economy prior to reunification, as it reveals much regarding the hurdles that had to be overcome regarding the recombination of German society within the framework of a homogeneous political and economic paradigm.
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The Economy of Nazi Germany, 2004.
Looks at the economic conditions of pre-Nazi Germany and Nazi Germany.
2,457 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Nazi Germany's attempts at the economic recovery of the nation. Hitler's priorities concerning the economic recovery of Germany, programs initiated by Nazi Germany to stimulate the economy, and the principles of Hitler's four-year plan are discussed in this paper.
From the Paper
"In the early 1930?s, Germany was plagued by unemployment and stagnant growth despite efforts by the administration to alleviate the country?s economic difficulties. The economic liberalization of the banking system was one of few cautionary steps taken by administrations prior to Hitler to boost Germany?s failing industries. This all changed following the Nazi rise to power; two notable banking acts passed in 1934 and 1936 effectively converted the banking system into Hitler?s personal lender, allowing him to replace commercial borrowing with the various savings institutes that would allow him to re-build the German army. In this period, wages were frozen and the armaments business boomed, while individuals suffered as wages were frozen at their pre-Hitler-era rate. Meanwhile, the government was able to continue to borrow money from Germany?s savings banks to contribute to the building of the military."
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An Analysis of the Occupation of Germany Post-WWII, 2001.
A look at Germany?s history and whether post WWII Germany was better suited to a capitalist or communist regime.
3,960 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 10 sources, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This essay researches Germany?s history from industrialization to the post modern period in an effort to relate Germany?s history and economic development to the way fascism and Nazism developed. From there, it is investigated whether Soviet rule in the east, or Allied rule in the west better suited Germany?s historical developments. It was the allied capitalist system that better suited Germany, as seen in the ?West German Miracle?.
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Religious Intolerance in Germany, 2005.
This paper traces the history of religious intolerance in Germany to present times.
2,875 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that despite strong laws against religious discrimination in its new constitution, there is still wide spread religious intolerance in Germany, which again was acerbated with the reunification because, although Western Germany's population had been carefully reeducated against Nazism, Eastern Germany's population has not had the same experience. The author points out that Germany's problems with religious persecution did not begin with Hitler and the Nazis, they go as far back as Charlemagne, King of the Franks, a Germanic tribe, creator of the first European central government in the Middle Ages, who was inhospitable not only with the Jews but also with the pagan Saxons, another Germanic tribe. The paper relates that the Christian anti-Semitism of Martin Luther, which was part of the tradition of Medieval Christian anti-Semitism, laid the social and cultural basis for modern anti-Semitism, although modern anti-Semitism was based on the pseudo-scientific notions of race.
Table of Contents
Religious Persecution in Medieval Germany
Persecution of the Pagan Saxons
Religious Persecution of the Jews in Medieval Germany
Anti-Semitism during the Reformation
Germany's Long History of Religious Divisiveness
Religious Intolerance in Germany Today
A Possible Cure?
From the Paper
"The Capitulary went on to make any practice of this earlier religion not only a sin against the Church but also a crime against the State. The Capitulary stated that if any one shall have formed a conspiracy with the pagans against the Christians, or shall have wished to join with them in opposition to the Christians, let him be punished by death. It went to demand that whoever shall have consented to this same fraudulently against the king and the Christian people, let him be punished by death. Finally, the Capitulary decreed that if any one shall have shown himself unfaithful to the lord king; let him be punished with a capital sentence.
Charlemagne eradicated any open pagan practices in Medieval Europe; he also had many recalcitrant practitioners of the pagan religion killed for not converting to Christianity and paying their tithes."
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Germany?s Environmental Policy after Reunification, 2004.
This paper is evaluates the integration and achievements of Germany?s environmental policy after reunification.
9,415 words (approx. 37.7 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 193.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, many years ago, the development of a systematic environmental policy began in Germany; but the reunification of the two German states (Federal Republic of Germany and German Democratic Republic), in 1990 created a great new challenge for German environmental policy because of the extensive environmental damage in the former GDR and because of the major economic crisis that started during this time. The author points out that the most remarkable result of increased environmental awareness was the development of an ?eco-industry,? a new manufacturing sector that develops pollution-control devices and other environmentally useful equipment. The paper concludes that the constantly changing world of politics requires innovative strategies to keep up with these changes; therefore, all available economic resources, environmental group leadership, and public environmental support, including the Green Party, should combine to overcome the obstacles created by potential economic and environmental tradeoffs.
Table of Contents
Literature Review
A Brief Review of Germany?s Environmental History
Integration of Systems and Policies
Energy and Environmental Policy
Environmental Programs and Initiatives
Methodology
Results of Study
Organizational Structure of Environmental Protection in Germany
The Environment
Germany?s Future
Economic and Political Options for Environmental Protection in Germany
Traditional Features of German Environmental Policy
Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Regulations and government actions to protect nature and human beings against environmentally hazardous activities of commercial and industrial firms have a long history in Germany. Environmental protection is anchored in private and public law, including building, public health and sanitation, and police laws. The Water Rights Act and the Factories Act set the standard for many subsequent laws. The various regulations created to prevent offensive emissions from becoming a nuisance to health and property were systematized and concentrated for the first time in the Prussian Industrial Statute of 1845."
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The Educational System in Germany, 1992.
An overview and analysis of Germany's educational system. It describes the effects of historical events such as World War II and the re-unification of Germany. Also discussed is the current state educational system.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"Germany
The Federal Republic of Germany has carried its educational system over into the newly-unified Germany. The traditional educational system in Germany was developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and codified by the Weimar Republic in the early decades of this century. The Nazis altered the traditional structure to suit their own concepts. Educational reform followed the war, and attempts were made in 1953 to make the educational system more uniform throughout the L?nder. More sweeping reforms were instituted in the 1970s. However, each of the L?nder (divisions of the country similar to counties) is largely autonomous in education, making it impossible to gain a consensus regarding uniformity for the school system."
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The Turks In Germany, 1995.
Examines the plight of repressed Turkic "guest workers" in contemporary Germany. Focuses on the alleged atmosphere of hate and violence rampant in Germany today.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"Statement of Purpose
The following paper will examine some of the ethnocultural determinants surrounding the treatment of Turks in present-day Germany. Determinants of ethnocultural identity such as race, religion, class, and power, as well as causal factors of inter-ethnic conflict such as state repression, economic inequality/class conflict,migration/expulsion, and fear of persecution/extermination will all be examined. It will be shown that the formation of a collective consciousness, specifically one aimed at uniting all of the European Community, would better determine the identities of future generations."
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Germany in World War I, 2007.
A discussion on Germany's responsibility for starting WWI.
3,894 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper examines numerous speeches and declarations made by various leaders from Europe during the period of the First World War. The paper discusses the causative factor that set off tensions and culminated into a full fledged First World War between several powerful nations. The paper explores how French President Poincare declared to his citizens in a speech that France had been inadvertently pushed into a war, much against her own will, with absolutely no warning at all from Germany. The paper concludes that Germany, having made the final decision to declare war, would have to bear the cross throughout history, as declared by Poincare.
Outline:
Thesis Statement
Discussion on the topic
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In a letter sent by the Imperial Chancellor, the Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, to Emperor Wilhelm II, on July 26 1914, from Berlin, he requests the Emperor Wilhelm II to order the High Seas Fleet to remain in Norway, so that the burden of England's 'proposed mediation action' at Petersburg, which was in fact a little bit shaky at the moment, would be lightened and lessened. The answer that Wilhelm gave was that, "My fleet has orders to sail for Kiel, and to Kiel it is going to go", and anyway, he reiterated, the mediation action at Petersburg was not all that shaky. Wilhelm wonders where the Imperial Chancellor got his information from!"
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Italy and Germany, 2002.
This paper analyzes the similarities and relationships in the history of Italy and Germany.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 26 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that German and Italian history has always been intertwined, from the powerful Hapsburgs who ruled Austria, and thus much of Italy, to Mussolini and his alliance with Nazi Germany. The paper states that Germany's history has always revolved around power and control, and Italy has always been a weaker and less dominant country. The author concludes that it is not surprising that Germany and Italy had such close political ties because, historically, they were very much alike and faced many of the same historical struggles side by side.
From the Paper
"Eventually, Napoleon conquered Italy and Austria. Austria gained Venice, and many of Italy's cities joined and turned themselves into republics. France gained some of Northern Italy. "Thus in the short space of eighteen months the whole of Italy was transformed into a group of republics kept in existence by the presence of French armies." In time, the French were deposed, and Italy gained her freedom, but the treatment of Italy by France, who professed to "liberty and freedom," had been a time of oppression and violence, and it embittered Italians to the French. This hatred of the French was one thing that drew the Germans and Italians together in later history. However, while Napoleon ruled Italy for fourteen years, the lifestyle of most Italians improved, the feudal system disappeared, and improvements that are more modern came to the country, such as roads and bridges. France built up Italy much more than Austria did, but Austria still ruled much of Italy, and Austria also fought Napoleon, but not for revolution, but for liberation. "Thus, the War of Liberation (1812-14) against Napoleon became Germany's substitute for the national revolution; notably in Prussia, it hammered the king, the upper classes, and the people into one fatherland." Napoleon ultimately created a more unified Germany, and a more unified Italy, and both countries detested the French."
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Microsoft's Effects on Germany, 2007.
This paper discusses how the global company "Microsoft" has affected Germany both positively and negatively.
1,618 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that, after its foundation in New Mexico in 1975, Microsoft opened branches in France and Germany in 1983. The writer points out that the branch in Germany became one of the most prosperous centers upon which Microsoft relies. The writer maintains that the interaction between the American corporation and the German culture was considered to be a prolific one due to its results in the public sector, charity actions or employment politics. The writer then looks at the effects on Germany by the Microsoft company. The writer concludes that no one can deny Microsoft's positive impact on Germany, but claims that this must not be used as a screen for its reprobatory actions that should be made public by the mass-media according to their gravity.
From the Paper
"First of all, one could mention the significant role that Microsoft played in the German Government's attempt to modernize public administration. The company exchanged expertise with the German Federal Ministry of the Interior for increasing IT security and took part in the SAGA expert circle within the institution for bringing e-Government applications to a superior stage. Moreover, at a state level, it helped Niedersachsen's judiciary to develop specialized court procedures and to enhance its relationship with citizens, companies and authorities by implementing the concept of e-Justice and a hotline allowing to receive external calls and to make public announcement of insolvency proceedings."
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Jews in Present-Day Germany, 2007.
An analysis of the developing hostilities towards Jews in present-day Germany.
1,511 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper looks briefly at the subtle and not-so-subtle hostilities and threats that confront Jews in present-day Germany. The paper argues that Germany's Jews may be about to see a return to the intolerance and viciousness of the middle-twentieth century. The paper discusses government policies in areas like immigration and education and the impact of a steady rise of the Muslim population in Germany.
From the Paper
"In closing, it is evident that many problems still bedevil German Jewry. For one thing, while there has been a superficial effort on the part of the German government to embrace Jews, this has occurred within a social and demographic context that suggests German Jewry will soon enough find itself targeted once again by hate-mongers and demagogues. Chiefly, even as German Jews must grapple still with a lingering sense of defeatism, they are now finding themselves surrounded by a less sympathetic German populace that is increasingly Muslim. While this does not have to lead to tragedy, the history of Germany suggests that Jews living in contemporary Berlin and other urban centers had best aware."
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"Women in Nazi Germany", 2008.
A review of the book "Women in Nazi Germany" by Jill Stephenson.
1,097 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The women of Nazi Germany played an important role in the assimilation of fascist ideology. This paper discusses how, while the world outside of Germany perceives the Third Reich in a negative way, Jill Stephenson provides insight on the female role in Nazi Germany in her book "Women in Nazi Germany". It looks at how the book details the inner workings of family life, the benefits of assimilating to Hitler's laws and the role of leadership that women played during Hitler's reign. It also examines how the book demonstrates the power of propaganda, and also depicts a gender defined society that was not perceived as a disparity, but rather empowered men and women to perform their roles for the preservation of national socialism and the Nazi regime.
From the Paper
"The Third Reich championed the traits of the female, noting that the woman was the primary caretaker of children and the holder of developing a strong Nazi population (Stephenson 6). Nazi Germany touted procreation in order to fill up the ranks of the German military and to provide new generations to learn in Hitler-based schooling systems. There was no limitation to birthing, and any form of birth control was illegal. The leaders of Nazi Germany wanted to ensure healthy Aryan children were integrated and educated properly. Unhealthy children were admonished and not considered an integral unit in Nazi society. "
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The Influence of Protestantism in Post World War I Germany, 2001.
An in-depth look at the Protestant influence in post World War I Germany, and its involvement in the demise of the Wiemar Republic and the resulting rise to power of Adolph Hitler.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 67.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines the role of Protestantism, in particular the Lutherans, in post WWI Germany and how they helped lead to the downfall of the Wiemar Republic and the raise of Hitler?s Germany. The author pays particular attention to the groundwork laid by Martin Luther, the influence of the theological leaders of the 1920?s, the role of other major Protestant religions of Germany, and the factors affecting the Protestant German citizens of the time.
From the paper:
?The groundwork for the Protestant role in these historical events began with the writings of Martin Luther. German Protestants of the 1920?s, even those who were not Lutheran, felt a special bond with him. This tendency was reinforced by theological beliefs of the average Lutheran of the day and the feeling that German people had an especially strong bond with their homeland, a bond stronger than many other people of the world.?
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