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Crime Scenes, 2005.
An analysis of the processing and investigating of crime scenes.
1,533 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper presents processes and techniques used during crime scene investigations, as well as the processing of the crime scene. It covers details concerning what constitutes a crime scene and what types of evidence to look for. The paper also discusses the individuals involved in processing a crime scene and when or if there is a need for another jurisdiction to join the investigation.
From the Paper
"A police officer is usually notified by the law enforcement dispatch center when a crime has been reported. The time and subject of the call are recorded by the police officer, to include the name of the complainant and the nature of the complaint. In most cases, the police officer may also record the name of the dispatcher that contacted him/her concerning the call. Police officers responding to a call have to be very alert. Some things they need to watch for are where they are going, to make sure they respond to the correct location, any suspicious persons around the crime scene and to identify any potential witnessed. The police officer has to record his/her route to the scene and time of arrival. Police departments train their police officers to park away from the crime scene and teach them techniques to avoid destroying any evidence."
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Crime Scene Investigation Procedures, 2007.
An analysis of current crime scene investigation methods and the need for more uniformed training.
8,518 words (approx. 34.1 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 180.95
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Abstract
This study proposes to confirm the hypothesis that cohesion to a uniform training course by law enforcement officers and/or crime scene investigators will enhance collected evidence's validity in court as it increases accuracy and decreases errors. Additionally, the study examines and expands on research related to crime scene investigation, and examines relevant crime investigative tools, techniques and tactics, currently utilized by police officers and crime scene investigators.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Evidence Does Not Confirm That . . .
Aims and Objectives
Background
Literature Review
What the . . . ?
Methodology
Looking At and Narrowing Down Pieces
Results
Many, Yet Not One
Conclusions and Recommendations
The Beginning of the End
Aims and Objectives
Limitations
Recommendations
From the Paper
"As digital data is easily destroyed, the main concern is to safeguard the integrity of evidence. Simply turning on a computer could cause irreparable harm as particular files have a date/time stamp that updates when the system boots up. The date/time he user last turned on the computer, a potentially, vital bit of information could be lost. (Ibid) Universal training to counter practices that could destroy evidence would help insure that evidence police officers and crime scene investigators collect will make it to court."
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DNA As Crime Scene Evidence, 2002.
Discusses the use and value of DNA as crime scene evidence.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses use of DNA as crime scene evidence. Science has added a weapon to the crime lab's arsenal. From a drop of blood, strands of hair, or other biological material left at the crime scene, scientists can provide a much better "fingerprint", namely DNA.
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Crime Scene Investigation, 2005.
Reviews the television series "Crime Scene Investigation".
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper is a review of the television series "Crime Scene Investigation". It discusses the intricate plot of the show, the episode that aired, the characters, the scenery, the forensics within the episode, and the paths to investigation. It further discusses the interwoven plots of the investigator's lives and the issues that the investigators contend with at work.
From the Paper
"The television program Crime Scene Investigation aired on cable television on May 10, 2005 (Bruckheimer, 2005). The episode that was presented depicted several scenarios within the plot. These stories included a man who supposedly shot his brother-n-law in self-defense, a little girl who was raped, a woman whose husband was murdered, and a prostitution ring that was drugging their clients (Bruckheimer, 2005). Interwoven within these stories are the consistent elements of the recurring character's lives, both on the job and in relation to personal issues (Bruckheimer, 2005). For example, the character of Catherine Willows, (portrayed by Marg Helgenberger) arrives at the CSI building and kisses her daughter good-bye late at night."
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Bomb Scene Investigation, 2007.
An analysis of the criminal justice system with a focus on drastic investigative practices at crime scenes, particularly bombing sites.
1,449 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, due to the increased danger of explosions and the growing number of terrorist threats, several investigative measures are undertaken at crime scenes, along with procedures that enhance the work of law enforcement specialists and legal practitioners, in order to reach a definite improvement in identification, collection, and analysis of bombing scenes. The paper further looks at how these efforts are united and how they are significant as they present effective informative tools of bomb scene investigation, focused solely on achieving positive outcomes.
From the Paper
"Bomb and explosives threats present prolonged dangers since the global terrorist networks acquired unexpected huge sizes. Daily news reveals alarming facts and details about occurred bombings around the world, especially in turbulent regions as the Middle East. Therefore, effective responding to such issues is a priority of bomb detection and investigation squads. They unite their efforts, professionalism, and proved skills, in the hard, non-fading fight against the phenomenon caused huge negative consequences to humanity: terrorism. This uneasy task implies complex problems to be solved at different stages, and relevant bomb investigation with all required procedures completed is one of the facets of the issue."
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Forensic Evidence, 2004.
This paper investigates crime scenes, discussing techniques in use at scenes of crimes.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This is a crime scene investigation paper that examines techniques in use at rape, murder and arson as well as routine crime scene investigations.
From the Paper
"Processing a crime scene. Approach the crime scene investigation as if it will be their only opportunity to preserve and recover physical evidence. Ensure a perimeter is established. Perimeter boundaries can be reduced in size if necessary but cannot be as easily expanded. Respond to the scene expeditiously. Ensure restricted entry of non-police personnel as well as police personnel not involved in the investigation of the crime. Vehicles involved in a crime should remain on scene until processed to prevent alteration or destruction of physical evidence."
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Analysis of Trace Evidence, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of forensic botany and discusses sunflower seed samples found at a crime scene to be used as evidence.
1,639 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that as forensic botany integrates deeper into the legal world, more controversy stirs on just how reliable the science is. The writer discusses that forensic botany can be used in the analysis of plant evidence found at a crime scene, and the findings of that analysis can then be used as corroborating evidence in a court of law. The writer looks at a case in which a sample of sunflower seeds was found at the scene of a crime, and another collected from the secondary crime scene; the suspect's home. The writer notes that in the analysis if these two samples, using statistical methods proves the data is similar, then the it is most likely the suspect has committed the crime. A difference was found in the seed samples, and the writer therefore maintains that the evidence can be used, in contrast, along with other corroborating evidence to exonerate the suspect. This paper includes charts.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This method is used when there are different sets of data to be tested, therefore a general assumption must be made in the form of a null and alternative hypothesis. As previously stated, the null hypothesis assumes that the samples of data being analysed are the same. In terms of this case, that would mean that the suspect would have, indeed, committed the crime. In order to either prove or disprove this assumption, specific statistical tests were run, and yielded an opposing result. The t-values for the seed values are shown to be much larger than the critical t value of 1.981, as well as the p-values were much lower than 0.05. This indicated that the null hypothesis be rejected,lack of similarity, proving that the data was, in fact, different.
"Though the statistical tests give a clear verdict of the seed comparison, comparing the data visually would also suggest a significant difference in the samples as well. Sunflower seeds are used for many different purposes."
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Sad Scenes in "Aenid", 2002.
Analyzes three of the saddest scenes in Vergil's poem "Aeneid" and show how ancient readers might not have viewed these scenes as particularly sad.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
It will be argued that the three saddest scenes in the poem are Aeneas' tale of the death of Priam, the abandonment and suicide of Did and the defeat and death of Turnus. However, it must be acknowledged that this choice is determined by our modern context. As will be shown, within the cultural and political climate that created this work, these scenes may not have all been regarded as sad.
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Behind the Scenes of Human Cloning, 2001.
A look at the history of human cloning, its recent development and attitudes towards the phenomenon.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 54.95
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Abstract
An in-depth look at aspects of human cloning. The author outlines some major points about the ethics, myths and process of human cloning. Included is an examination of various cloning foundations, the history and development of cloning, legal issues and an analysis of the ethicality and moral issues around the topic.
From the Paper
"Cloning is one of the foremost thoughts on people?s minds today. A clone is a group of genetically identical cells. The term clone also refers to a group of organisms that are genetically identical. Today science can clone an entire plant or animal, not just a group of cells. The process of cloning humans is currently being deemed unethical, but there are some in the scientific community that are in favor of this experimentation. A clone would look identical to its predecessor. All of the genes in the clone would also be the same but the application of these genes may be different. The clone would not have the same personality or mentality of his or her predecessor. Identical twins are clones of each other but they develop into two different people and are not considered to be the same. A person?s clone would grow up differently and not be subjected to the exact same environment as it?s predecessor, therefore so they may not be the same person except for in looks and genes. "
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The Final Scenes of "Blade Runner "and "Brave New World", 2002.
A comparison of the divergent interpretations of "Blade Runner"?s and "Brave New World"?s conclusions.
2,839 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper explores and compares the multiferous interpretations of two movies "Blade Runner" (1982) and "Brave New World" (1994). The paper shows how the contexts of the two movies are markedly different -"Blade Runner" exists in a context in which there is a growing support for libertarianism, influencing the increase in environmentalism, both of which detect the intended environmental and anti? authoritarian didactic of the texts, while "Brave New World" creates an aberration of the original intent, complicated by the mutating religious values of society.
From the Paper
"The final scene of Brave New World disseminates Huxley?s opinion that the suppression of human nature will ultimately lead to one?s demise, a message which is especially prominent to the libertarians. Libertarian is a term to describe those who revile the concept of suppression and as such a message of freedom would be interpreted. The suppression of one?s human nature creates a spiral of depression which will result in the obliteration of oneself. The savage attempted to suppress his feelings for Lenina, yet ultimately failed in his attempt. The savage had been taught, conditioned by his society that lust as with ?every evil inclination has to place itself under such great restraint, don so many masks, lay itself so often on the procrustean bed of virtue? (Nietzsche), his feelings for Lenina were perceived to be evil, being contrary to the teachings of, in this case, the bible. The contradiction of his feelings and his teachings led to confusion as to the correct course of action, confusion which led to the complete suppression of emotions. The suppression of his emotions resulted in a decent into a self? destructive spiral, beginning with the use of self? punishment as a source of redemption, an act which brought him great pleasure, developing masochist instincts. The savage ultimately commits suicide, hanging himself in the tower, unable to repress his desires. The tower is a symbol of the self? destructive spiral, the concentric circles of the tower leading to the death of The savage. The suppression of human desires ultimately leads to one?s demise as one enters a self? destructive spiral, until one destructs. Within Blade Runner there is an overt condemnation of oppression and suppression within the conclusion."
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Scenes from Four Plays, 2002.
This paper presents a brief summary of Peter Shaffer's ?Amadeus?, Brian Friel?s ?Dancing at Lughnasa?, Caryl Churchill?s ?Top Girls? and Caryl Churchill's ?Cloud 9?.
2,140 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that Peter Shaffer's play ?Amadeus? offers a dramatic representation of a debate that has been waged for some time over the reason for the death of Mozart and the possible involvement of Salieri in that event. The author states Brian Friel?s ?Dancing At Lughnasa? is a memory play whose narrator, Michael, is reliving the summer of 1936 when he was a boy. The paper reviews two feminist plays by Caryl Churchill: ?Top Girls?, which shows her belief in a brand of feminism that is allied to socialism and ?Cloud 9?, which covers a long period of time to show ways in which society has changed and remained the same.
From the Paper
"Michael, a love child, lives with his Mother and her four sisters in Ballybeg, Ireland. His Aunt Rose is slightly retarded. This particular summer his uncle, the priest Father Jack, returns from his missionary work with lepers in Uganda and rejoins the family. He has been sent home in poor health, most probably because he has "gone native." His spirituality is now as African as it is Catholic, and even the English language is strange to him since he has been speaking Swahili all these years."
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The Search for Answers, 2001.
This essay looks at the relationship between archaeology and forensic crime scene investigations.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about the forensic sciences when it comes to the process and philosophy regarding archaeology and crime scene investigations. The writer examines terms and processes to answer questions about criminal investigation from an archaeological point of view.
From the Paper
"Turn on the television on any night around the nation and one can find a crime show. We are inundated with crime shows, real time shows and law and order shows. Each show has a victim, suspects, a search scene and then the trial all wrapped up in a neat little time frame. If we watch closely we often see elements of the forensic science in action but mostly its pan shots, evidence found and bagged then on to the next scene. In real life however the discovery and search of a crime scene is much more involved. There are laws that must be followed and procedures that are handled with care to insure the scene nor the evidence becomes tainted or destroyed."
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Forensic Hypnosis, 2004.
A review of the application of hypnosis to promote witnesses' recollections of a crime scene.
2,760 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper is a literature review on forensic hypnosis, specifically when employed as a tool to promote witnesses' recollections of a crime scene. The paper cites the effective outcome of hypnosis as well as adverse consequences of inaccurate witness testimony.
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Methods used in Crime Investigation, 2008.
An analysis of the history and integrity of various methods of crime investigation.
1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various tools that are used today in criminal investigation. It focuses on the polygraph, voice stress analyzers, ways to preserve the integrity of the crime scene and DNA analysis and fingerprints. It also looks at the history of the methods, how they are used in crime investigation and their validity and integrity as investigative tools.
Table of Contents:
Polygraph
Crime Scene Integrity
DNA Analysis and Fingerprints
From the Paper
"Other methods such as ninhydrin coloring and luminescence detection suing DFO reagent are more sensitive and hence effective even with lesser traces of the substrate (range of 100 to 200ng and 1 to 10ng respectively) In some cases after initial treatment with ninhydrin, zinc and cadmium salt treatment can be used to enhance luminescence. Physical development can be used separately or in addition to DFO treatment. This process is similar to the common photographic development process using silver nitrate solution. (Dr Chris Lennard (2001)). Arches, whorls, loops and composites are the four different patterns under which fingerprints are classified. Earlier, comparing fingerprints used to be manual and time consuming. Today, however computers can match a persons fingerprint with more than a million fingerprints stored in its database in a few seconds. This is possible because the FBI and the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) use automated fingerprint identification systems using the standardised fingerprint classification system called the FPC. The computer generates a geometric graph based on the positions of the ridge endings and the ridge branching. Experts then compare closely matching results from the computer search for exact identification. (Courtroom Television Network)."
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Forensics Science, 2005.
This paper discusses the various techniques used in forensic science, which is any part of science related to the law.
4,595 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, although forensic science appears to be a recent development, the modern medical-legal tactic to criminal investigations started in 12th century England when King Richard I enacted the "Office of the Coroner". The author points out that the scientific analysis of evidence left at the scene of a crime such as blood, semen, shreds of clothing, hair, weapons, tire treads and other physical evidence can seem more compelling to a jury than the evidence of eyewitnesses. The paper states that the purpose of crime scene investigation is to help understand what happened and to recognize the responsible person while carefully documenting the conditions at a crime scene and distinguishing all relevant physical evidence for further analysis.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Forensic Techniques
Firearms and Tool Mark Identification
Bullet Matching
Tool mark Evidence
Forensic Psychiatry
Profiling
Examination of Questioned Documents
Handwriting Analysis
Forgery
Scientific Evidence
Personal Identification
Fingerprints
DNA
Other Disciplines
Forensic Photography
Fracture Match
Crime Scene Documentation
Chain of Custody
Locard's Exchange Principal
Entomology
Blood Spatters
Soil
Glass
Crime Scene Investigation
Forensics in Courtroom
Validity of Forensic Evidence--Some Doubts
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Few areas of examination at trial can seem as intimidating as the prospect of taking on the prosecution's forensic experts. Crime lab reports seem to have this aura of invincibility about them that lead few trial lawyers to tackle their conclusions head on in front of a jury. Maybe it is because some part of us thinks that the reported results are based upon "science", and science, in turn, can be empirically experienced. Hence, we reason, if the stuff can be checked, no lab technician would put things in their report that could easily be shown to be incorrect. Alternatively, maybe, it is because we simply don't understand how tremendously vulnerable to challenge the crime lab work product really is."
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