| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "COUNSELING YOUNG ADULTHOOD": |
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Counseling and Young Adulthood, 2007.
An examination of the period of young adulthood, with an emphasis on the counseling issues that come up during this life stage.
3,454 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the life stage developments that occur during the ages of 18 through 35, as well as the characteristics of the members of this age group, and assesses their cognitive and psycho-social skills. It then discusses the psychological disorders that are typical at this age group, such as depression and stress-related disorders. Factors that contribute to the development of these disorders, including relevant life changes, are also discussed. The last section looks at how effective therapy or counseling techniques can help young adults address these common psychological disorders in young adulthood. It also suggests how counseling techniques such as psychoanalysis and cognitive-behavior therapy can be modified in order to address the special needs and disorders associated with this period.
Outline:
Young Adulthood
Common Disorders and Counseling Methods
Depression and Bipolar Disorder
Counseling and Young Adulthood
Works Cited
From the Paper
"In purely physical terms, young adulthood encompasses only minor physiological changes, compared to those that occur at puberty. People can experience additional modest gains in height and in muscle development from their late teens to their early twenties, but generally do not experience major physical changes until middle age. However, young adulthood is a period of profound psychosocial and cognitive developments. Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development builds on the work of Sigmund Freud. Like Freud, Erikson basis his theory on the idea that internal, biological factors largely determine one's personality. However, while Freud's theory stops at adolescence, Erikson's psychosocial stages continue into adulthood.
Erikson believed that a person's social and cultural surroundings had a strong influence on one's psycho-social development."
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Alcoholism in Young Adulthood, 2004.
Critique of an article on the problems of alcoholism in young adulthood.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes and critiques "Self-Resolution of Alcohol Problems in Young Adulthood: A Process of Securing Solid Ground" by Fingeld and Lewis. The paper summarizes the purpose of the study discussed in the article, and its significance, and presents a review of the literature and theoretical framework used for the study.
From the Paper
|The following presents a summary and critique of "Self-Resolution of Alcohol Problems in Young Adulthood A Process of Securing Solid Ground" by Finfgeld and Lewis. The problem investigated for this study was alcohol problems in young adulthood and the purpose of the study was to explore self-resolution of this problem. Independent and dependent variables are not expressed, however, the grounded theory is used to explain a relationship between self-resolution of alcohol problems in young adults and the seeking of a solid ground..."
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Middle Adulthood & Older Adulthood, 2002.
A discussion of the psychoanalyst Erik Erikson's developmental stages.
1,191 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper is about Erikson?s theory of the last two stages of development (the ?Middle Adulthood? and ?Older Adulthood?) and how they relate to life?s challenges. Eric Erikson was a German born American Psychoanalyst, known as a Freudian ego-psychologist who accepted most of the basic theories of Freud, but placed more emphasis on the societal and cultural aspects of psychology rather than on instincts and the unconscious. He refined and expanded Freud?s theory of stages of development by putting forward an epigenetic principle of development, which states that the human personality unfolds progressively in eight distinct stages of life. He was a staunch believer that human development continues into adulthood and old age and is just as important as it was in the earlier parts of our lives. This paper analyzes the ?Middle Adulthood? stage of development which relates to the period in life during which we are involved in raising children, generally described as the period between the ages of 40 to 65 and the ?Older Adulthood? which refers to the age around retirement when the task of ?parenting? is over.
From the Paper
"Erikson has described two basic ?tasks? or ?crises? for each stage of our development stage. One is a positive task and the other a negative task. While the development of the positive task is desirable, some assimilation of the negative task is also necessary for a balanced development of human personality. For example in the first (infant) stage, the tasks are ?trust? and ?mistrust.? While trust is the positive and desirable task to be learnt by the infant, a little bit of ?mistrust? is also necessary for a ?balanced? development. Too much of trust and no mistrust would make the infant a gullible fool in later life. (Ibid.) Erikson?s theory is that we carry forward some maladjustment or malignancy into the next stage, if our progress in a particular stage of development is not ?balanced.? While maladjustment refers to over-development of the positive task, malignancy is the over-development of the negative ?task.? Obviously, the tilting of the balance in favor of the negative trait is more damaging for an individual."
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Book Reports on Counseling, 2004.
This paper studies three books: 'Brief Counseling in Action' by John M. Littrell, 'Counseling Children and Adolescents' by Ann Vernon and 'Career Counseling' by Norman C. Gysbers, Mary J. Heppner and Joseph A. Johnston.
4,725 words (approx. 18.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 167.95
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Abstract
This paper provides book report on three books regarding counseling. The three books discussed are: 'Brief Counseling in Action' by John M. Littrell, 'Counseling Children and Adolescents' by Ann Vernon and 'Career Counseling' by Norman C. Gysbers, Mary J. Heppner and Joseph A. Johnston. The reports examine the author's main points. The writer of this article discusses the validity of these points, critical issues raised, language used, types of evidence (primary, secondary) and looks at what the books have in common. The paper also discusses the relevance of the books to a B.A. degree in Counseling and reveals what was learned from the books.
From the Paper
"This book is an introduction to brief therapy for counselors and counseling students that will enable the reader to establish the mindset for brief counseling. It will help them master the key steps in the solution-focused model and acquire the necessary techniques for speeding up the action. The book uses many vignettes and three in-depth single-session cases demonstrating the use of brief counseling in different settings such as schools, counseling centers and in private ... "
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Successful Counseling, 2002.
A review of the article ?Person-Centered Counseling: The Culture? by Ann Shanks Glauser and Jerold Bozarth about successful counseling.
773 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the article ?Person-Centered Counseling: The Culture? by Ann Shanks Glauser and Jerold Bozarth which explores the conditions that are necessary for successful counseling and focuses especially on the specialty of multicultural counseling. It discusses the argument that person-centered counselling is at the very heart of success in counseling and that the relationship between the client and counselor and the client?s situational and personal resources are the essential variables that determine its success. It provides statistical evidence for the relative unimportance of counseling technique noting that only 15% of the success variance of the counseling relationship comes from technique whereas 30% of the success variance comes from the client-counsellor relationship and an impressive 40% comes from extratherapeutic variables or chance occurrences. It explores the variables of the client-therapist relationship and the extratherapeutic variables of the client and concludes that the article is well-researched and internally consistent.
From the Paper
"The authors then go on to explore the variables of the client-therapist relationship and the extratherapeutic variables of the client. They note that ?most theories consider the (client-therapist) relationship as critical?. A successful relationship is defined by the counselor?s empathy for the client, seen in his or her genuineness with the client, and the counselor?s true respect and value for the client. Glauser and Bazarth note, ?Making judgments about people\'s humanity and its quality due to established criteria is to rely on tired but extremely powerful discourses steeped in oppression.?"
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Online Counseling, 2007.
This paper discusses the field of counseling via the Internet in comparison to traditional methods of counseling.
1,120 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer aims to explore how much satisfaction online counseling brings to clients as compared to the traditional process of face-to-face counseling. The writer looks at changing elements within the field as online counseling continuously grows, achieving success. This paper attempts to explain what methods and modalities work in favor of online counseling and those that yield the highest client satisfaction. Further, the writer points out that legal and ethical issues continue to be a concern when using this new method of counseling. This paper explores the works and areas that increase client satisfaction of online counseling.
From the Paper
"Moreover, according to Leibert's and his colleagues' findings, the foremost benefit to patients why online counseling appeals to them is the preservation of their privacy and anonymity. This is especially true to people who are uncomfortable with the traditional method of therapy and are unable to acquire counseling services because of fear of revealing their identity. With online counseling, such kind of people is already able to get counseling service. Renee Gedge indicates that 91% of people with anxiety disorders prefer therapy served online.
Further advantages found from online counseling is its accessibility to clients. Through online counseling, people who have busy schedules can still acquire therapy without the need to travel. Just by sitting in front of their computers and accessing online counseling services, they can still continue their therapeutic sessions."
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Effective Counseling, 2005.
An investigation into methods of counseling that are most effective within the context of cross-cultural counseling.
1,657 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper conducts an observational and investigational analysis of what the critical factors are that determine an effective cross-cultural counseling relationship. More specifically, the researcher attempts to investigate the following question: "What method of counseling is most effective in enabling a counselor to build rapport and trust in a cross cultural context." The researcher conducts a comprehensive review of the literature available on cross cultural counseling and counseling competencies in order to determine what factors may impact the counseling relationship with particular regard to cross-cultural relationships.
Abstract
Introduction
Significance of the Study
Hypothesis
Method
Literature Review
Results
Discussion
From the Paper
"According to research the most important aspect of cross-cultural counseling that needs to be examined is how a practice is conceptualized(Bogo, George & Tsang, 2003). Traditional counseling methods are often defined as "ethnocentric" even though the client base that many practitioners work from is ethno culturally diverse in nature (McNeill, Horn & Perez, 1995). Many practitioners unfortunately still believe that ethnicity is not a dimension of identity, but rather see it as a client characteristic, thus their practices do not work to embrace ethnic identity as an experience to be shared by all parties involved in the counseling process (Bogo, George & Tsang, 2003)."
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Group Counseling, 2007.
This paper reviews the research on group counseling and college students.
1,910 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 18 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the group counseling process. The author points out that this literature review upholds the view that group therapy among college-aged students is 'just as' if not 'more' effective in therapy-based interventions with motivation for change, a determinative factor in the success of this type of intervention. The paper states that group-counseling intervention is under-utilized by college-aged students.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Group Counseling Defined
Effective Group Counseling
Group Design - Theoretical Framework is Pluralistic in Nature Group Stages
Group Counseling Found to be "As Effective" as Individual Counseling
Group Counseling Under-Utilized by College Students
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"These stages are often referred to as "forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning." The first stage of 'dependency' or 'forming' is a time when members explore the group and themselves and establish trust. The second stage of 'conflict' or 'storming' may be either "overt or covert. The type and amount of conflict that is generated relates to how much jockeying for position goes on in the group." Stage three is 'cohesion' or 'norming' in which a "spirit of we-ness" is established and each person feels a part of the group which is conducive to "productive sharing"."
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Counseling Skills and Their Use in Social Work, 2004.
A look at when counseling skills can be of use to social workers.
3,850 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how counseling skills can be used in social work and what social workers can do to take these skills and ensure that as many people as possible are helped. The paper first defines counseling so that there is a clear understanding, albeit in general terms, of what is being discussed in the rest of the paper. Following that, the principles of counseling are discussed so that they too can be clearly understood. Next, some examples are given to illustrate how these counseling skills can be used by social workers. The conclusion ties together all of these issues and shows a cohesiveness between all of the main points that are presented throughout the paper.
Definition of Counseling
Principles of Counseling
Situations in Which Social Workers Would Use Counseling Skills
From the Paper
"Counseling skills can encompass many different aspects of life, and they are of great use to those in social work. Unfortunately, many social workers do not realize just how important these kinds of skills are and therefore do not get the training in them that they really need. Since social workers are not counselors and do not usually see what they do as 'therapy' of any kind, they do not look to counseling as having a place in their work and the families that they often are called upon to help. However, much of what a social worker does for those that need help is actually counseling of a sort, and by learning more about counseling skills those that spend their time in the social work field can utilize what they already know, along with the counseling skills, to help many more individuals and families in new and better ways, which will ultimately be to the benefit of society."
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Marital Counseling, 2002.
Examines the effects of pre-marital and marital counseling on marriage longlevity and divorce rates.
3,278 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
Due to the astounding body of evidence suggesting that marriage failure generally results from a breakdown of communication and from unrealistic marriage expectations and/or on spousal perceptual biases, it seems that marriage counseling and premarital counseling could in fact be highly useful tools for assuring the survival of a marriage. By performing a literature review on several sources on the subject of divorce statistics and the history of marital counseling, the paper suggests that couples who received marriage counseling during marriage or pre-marital counseling before marriage report a lower rate of divorce than those who never had the benefit of counseling. The paper then describes the methodology and findings of a research project performed to prove this hypothesis.
From the Paper
"If divorce is usually caused by some force for which counseling cannot really provide an answer, such as social or economic pressure, then there is less support for a hypothesis regarding the power of marital and premarital counseling to prevent divorce. However, if divorce is based on preventable or treatable flaws within the relationship, than the hypothesis may stand. Secondly, one must address the issue as to whether or not couples inside a therapeutical setting show any signs of being better adjusted than couples outside a therapeutical setting, and if past evidence has shown premarital counseling to be effective. If it has not, then the hypothesis as currently stated may still be correct, but it will have to be far more conclusive to prove its point. Finally, one must address the issue of whether or not counseling may in some cases be seen as evidence of impending marriage dissolution rather than marital health, and as such be seen as a negative relational sign. (For example, it is possible that most people approach counseling as a last-ditch effort to save their relationship, or that most of the people enrolled in premarital counseling are in very high risk groups and already undergoing problems. If so, it is further possible that the situation is not so much one of the efficacy or inefficacy of counseling programs themselves, but rather concerns itself with the way in which counseling programs segregate failed from non-failed relationships)."
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Counseling Theories, 2007.
An analysis of the similarities and differences between the cognitive approach, the psychodynamic approach and the behavioral approach to counseling.
1,990 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on three different counseling theories with respect to their similarities and differences. The paper discusses the cognitive approach, the psychodynamic approach and the behavioral approach to counseling. It then discusses the three approaches' applicability in the twenty first century. The paper suggests that regardless of the theory chosen, the professional must ensure that it is congruent with her own personal values, personality, and professional skills.
Table of Contents:
Cognitive Approach to Counseling
Psychodynamic Approach to Counseling
Behavioral Approach to Counseling
Humanistic Counseling
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Behavioral counselors primarily believe that all learning comes from experience, albeit positive or negative. As such behaviorists believe their primary responsibility is to assist the client in analyzing their behaviors followed by the process of defining the problems brought about by the identified behaviors, and then setting about to resolve the issues through the setting of goals. This procedure is similar to those who don the title of 'cognitive' therapist. Further, like the cognitive therapist, the behaviorist supports a collaborative relationship between counselor and client in the problem-solving arena. Unlike the cognitive therapist the behaviorist follows the position that behavior is changed not by the sole tenet of understanding the exhibited behavior but also through the process of change brought about by reinforcement. For the cognitivist behavior change is strictly a conscious choice. One might look at the cognitive counselor as requiring a client to think oneself out of an action; while a behaviorist wants the client to act oneself out of the situation. So similar are cognitive and behavior theories that they are often lumped together into that which is conveniently termed cognitive-behavioral counseling. In the end the behavioral counselor will likely uses operant conditioning techniques, self-management programs and contingency contract to shape or re-shape a person's dysfunctional behavior. In addition, behavioral counseling has shown to be extremely effective in treating depression, anxiety, eating disorders and anger. As a side bar note it should be mentioned that behavioral counseling is one of the very few approaches that has been scientifically validated through measurable and observable results."
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Counseling Scenarios, 2008.
A research analysis of issues related to counseling homosexual clients with addictions, conservative Christians and immigrant students in schools.
1,202 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews three research articles that relate to counseling in different scenarios. The paper describes the content of each article and why that particular article is unique. It then provides a review of the discussion in the article according to the opinion of the writer of this paper. The paper discusses articles that relate to counseling behaviors associated with gay, lesbian and bisexual clients that are afflicted with additions, counseling behaviors in relation to conservative Christians in Louisiana and school counseling attitudes in relation to immigrant students in the United States.
Outline:
Counseling for Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Clients
Counseling of Conservative Christians
Counseling in Schools
From the Paper
"Constantine and Gushue (2003) discuss school counseling attitudes in relation to immigrant students in the United States (p. 185). The article is unique because it focuses on an area of counseling that is not often approached through research and that provides insight into an issue that is a growing concern in the nation. It is known, for example, that growing numbers of Hispanic and Asian students exist in the nation and that many of these individuals, as first generation immigrants, have special needs and complications that make their socialization difficult. One of the purposes of school counseling in this case is to provide for the services that the student needs in order to make the transition into American society more effective."
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Effective Counseling, 1994.
Objectives of counseling, interpersonal skills, self-esteem, dogmatism, authenticity, communication, intimacy, group counseling and gender issues examined. Includes an abstract.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 19 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper was to examine the research on the characteristics, traits, and attributes of effective counselors. It was noted that the research in this area has been relatively meager but that over the years, some information has been found. Specifically, review of the literature showed that highly effective counselors tend to be people who possess many of the traits associated with people who are self-actualized, that is people who have let go of many of the obstacles to their personal growth.
Also, effective counselors tend to be those who are caring and understanding. They have strong interpersonal skills and belief in their own abilities; that is, they are confident with good self-esteem. They tend to be genuine and authentic in their.."
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School Counseling, 2005.
This paper discusses school counseling in a multicultural society.
2,690 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the need for multicultural competencies development among school counseling professionals has been acknowledged by the American Psychological Association and the American Counseling Association, whose ethnic standards dictate that school counselors should achieve a certain level of multicultural competence prior to embarking on a professional career in student counseling. The author points out that, despite the acknowledgment of a need for increased awareness and training to ensure a positive student/counselor relationship, there is little evidence that much is being done to establish a core set of standardized competencies for student counselors. The paper stresses that minority students may be less likely than other students to seek out assistance from counselors; therefore, student counselors might consider a more aggressive approach to ensure they can provide culturally relevant services.
Table of Contents
Introduction
School Counseling in a Multicultural Society
Training and Competency
Multiculturalism and Counseling
Analysis/Recommendations
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Diversity is more and more considered a critical element of education and school counseling programs in an ever more multicultural society. The term has been used to describe existing variables including cultural differences and beliefs that exist among populations whose personal experiences are generally considered different from those of the majority or 'norm'. Counseling a diverse student population is among the challenges that professional school counselors now face. Diversification of communities has resulted in a need for new core competencies to be developed among school counseling professionals that includes instruction geared toward working with people who have norms, values and personal views that are different from those of the majority population."
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Cross-cultural Counseling, 1979.
This paper examines the counseling process in cross-cultural counseling including problems such as racial attitudes, cultural differences, self-disclosure and transference.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 10 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the counseling process in cross-cultural counseling. Views are presented for both sides of the issue. Although some educators feel the clients suffer articles are cited with evidence that this is not necessarily true. Problems occur in counseling minority students because it is difficult to establish a rapport. There are racial and cultural attitudes that the client and counselor bring to the relationship. If these ethnic and cultural attitudes are not clearly understood barriers develop which impede the counseling process.
The rapport established in the counseling process is the line of communication that must be maintained. The difficulties that arise when a white counselor is working with a black counselee stem from the separate status that has caused blacks ... "
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