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Counseling for Anxiety Related Issues, 2005.
A look at the existential method of counseling clients with anxiety.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses anxiety in the context of an existential approach to counseling. The paper describes different cases related to anxiety and discusses how the existential approach can be utilized in those cases.
From the Paper
"Secondly, let us look at another case. Let's discuss the case of Jay, a 15 year old student in a suburban high school of approximately 900 students. A counseling session with Jay revealed that he is angry and frustrated with school. His mother is often busy with work related activities and his father is "closet alcoholic." Jay has expressed that he often feels like the man of the house. Jay has expressed a great deal of anger toward his family, teachers, and peers (Carlson, 2003). Anger and existential anxiety are closely related. Healthy and appropriate expression of them, especially anger, is necessary in order to reduce violence in schools and in society. Anger has the ability, at the extreme to push an individual into violently destructive behavior. The social values that help regulate appropriate social behavior can also create stress and anxiety. Jay has demonstrated his ability to control his anger; however, he has also expressed fear that he is approaching a point where he will no longer be able to repress it. This fear of explosive anger is creating anxiety for Jay. An existentialist counselor could work with Jay to help him choose healthy and appropriate outlets for his anger and anxiety that will allow him to be true to his authentic self."
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Ethical Issues in Counseling, 2004.
An examination of ethical issues in counseling and the status of counselor ethics at present.
3,648 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
The tasks of psychotherapy and counseling are ones of extreme significance in the lives of the hurting. This paper attempts to define ethics and their personal application as they relate to the counseling profession. It also discusses some of the issues that counselors face which can challenge their concepts of ethical practice. Finally, it gives a general overview of the status of the counseling profession as it exists at present.
From the Paper
"The tasks of psychotherapy and counseling are ones of extreme significance in the lives of the hurting. This paper will attempt to define ethics and their personal application as they relate to the counseling profession. It will also discuss some of the issues that counselors face which can challenge their concepts of ethical practice. Finally, it will give a general overview of the status of the counseling profession as it exists at present. These concepts of ethics should dictate the daily decision making of any counselor. In developing our own personal ethics as counselors, we must fully understand the accepted standards of ethics as they exist in established mental health practice. The difficulty in this endeavor is that often these codes are difficult to apply to a specific situation or at worst, contradictory (American Counseling Association [ACA], 1995). Although there are many similarities between the various ethical codes of conduct, differences and conflicts do arise due to the world view and primary goals of each organization. In determining our own individual ethical guidelines, a counselor must utilize these varying interpretations of ethical behavior to serve as a basis for lifelong growth in decision making skills and formation of ethical standards. These ethical situations often arise out of the power dynamic in the counselor / client relationship. It is the ethics of this relationship that form the foundation for what is defined as a counseling code of ethics. Clients seek out therapists for reasons as varied as marital problems, and work anxiety. Whatever the reason one approaches a therapist, by the time they do so they are usually in a very emotionally sensitive. By this point they have often times tried to handle their difficulties on their own. They may have talked to friends, clergy, or family about the issue. Unfortunately, untrained advice often makes issues more confusing. When none of these things work, they seek the help of a professional counselor of therapist. When they do this it is vital that they be able to trust the professionalism and the ethics of the therapist and counselor they turn to. The ethics of professional counselors are strictly defined and adhered to (Kelman, 1968). Some of the numerous codes that exist include those of the America Counseling Association, the American Association of Christian Counselors, and the American Psychological Association. Familiarization and adherence to these codes is essential in learning good decision making skills as a professional counselor."
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Issues in School Counseling, 2002.
A look at counseling program at an inner city elementary School.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This ten-page graduate paper describes the counseling program at an inner city elementary School, where the majority of students are minority, African-American and Hispanics and low income population.
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Counseling Scenarios, 2008.
A research analysis of issues related to counseling homosexual clients with addictions, conservative Christians and immigrant students in schools.
1,202 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews three research articles that relate to counseling in different scenarios. The paper describes the content of each article and why that particular article is unique. It then provides a review of the discussion in the article according to the opinion of the writer of this paper. The paper discusses articles that relate to counseling behaviors associated with gay, lesbian and bisexual clients that are afflicted with additions, counseling behaviors in relation to conservative Christians in Louisiana and school counseling attitudes in relation to immigrant students in the United States.
Outline:
Counseling for Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Clients
Counseling of Conservative Christians
Counseling in Schools
From the Paper
"Constantine and Gushue (2003) discuss school counseling attitudes in relation to immigrant students in the United States (p. 185). The article is unique because it focuses on an area of counseling that is not often approached through research and that provides insight into an issue that is a growing concern in the nation. It is known, for example, that growing numbers of Hispanic and Asian students exist in the nation and that many of these individuals, as first generation immigrants, have special needs and complications that make their socialization difficult. One of the purposes of school counseling in this case is to provide for the services that the student needs in order to make the transition into American society more effective."
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Effective Counseling, 1994.
Objectives of counseling, interpersonal skills, self-esteem, dogmatism, authenticity, communication, intimacy, group counseling and gender issues examined. Includes an abstract.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 19 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper was to examine the research on the characteristics, traits, and attributes of effective counselors. It was noted that the research in this area has been relatively meager but that over the years, some information has been found. Specifically, review of the literature showed that highly effective counselors tend to be people who possess many of the traits associated with people who are self-actualized, that is people who have let go of many of the obstacles to their personal growth.
Also, effective counselors tend to be those who are caring and understanding. They have strong interpersonal skills and belief in their own abilities; that is, they are confident with good self-esteem. They tend to be genuine and authentic in their.."
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Counseling, 2007.
This paper looks at the issue of counseling and the work of the counselor.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the counseling relationship allows the patient to find support when the world seems crazy. The writer notes that the counselor attends to the issues that patients bring in whenever they find anxiety is keeping them from living life with a feeling of satisfaction. Counseling helps show those who seek counseling that they have inner strengths and abilities to manage all their challenges. The writer notes that counseling is a unique relationship in which the counselor's job is to hold up a mirror for the client to see himself or herself.
From the Paper
"The counselor attends to the issues that patients bring in whenever they find anxiety is keeping them from living life with a feeling of satisfaction. Counseling helps show those who seek counseling that they have inner strengths and abilities to manage all their challenges. Counseling is a unique relationship in which the Counselor's job is to hold up a mirror for the client to see himself or herself in. We all have experiences in which we can't see things about ourselves without a mirror."
"The counselor has learned ways to hold the mirror different ways, so that the patient can see themselves from angles from which they have never observed themselves, doing so in a caring and skillful way, as they have studied how to do so for many years. Yet the counselor and patient work as a team to make positive changes in the client's approach to life."
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Counseling and Young Adulthood, 2007.
An examination of the period of young adulthood, with an emphasis on the counseling issues that come up during this life stage.
3,454 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the life stage developments that occur during the ages of 18 through 35, as well as the characteristics of the members of this age group, and assesses their cognitive and psycho-social skills. It then discusses the psychological disorders that are typical at this age group, such as depression and stress-related disorders. Factors that contribute to the development of these disorders, including relevant life changes, are also discussed. The last section looks at how effective therapy or counseling techniques can help young adults address these common psychological disorders in young adulthood. It also suggests how counseling techniques such as psychoanalysis and cognitive-behavior therapy can be modified in order to address the special needs and disorders associated with this period.
Outline:
Young Adulthood
Common Disorders and Counseling Methods
Depression and Bipolar Disorder
Counseling and Young Adulthood
Works Cited
From the Paper
"In purely physical terms, young adulthood encompasses only minor physiological changes, compared to those that occur at puberty. People can experience additional modest gains in height and in muscle development from their late teens to their early twenties, but generally do not experience major physical changes until middle age. However, young adulthood is a period of profound psychosocial and cognitive developments. Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development builds on the work of Sigmund Freud. Like Freud, Erikson basis his theory on the idea that internal, biological factors largely determine one's personality. However, while Freud's theory stops at adolescence, Erikson's psychosocial stages continue into adulthood.
Erikson believed that a person's social and cultural surroundings had a strong influence on one's psycho-social development."
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Counseling in Human Sexuality, 2008.
An overview of various counseling issues affecting human sexuality.
965 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how therapists who counsel human sexuality feel that the process involves a complex processing that involves the patient's interaction of biological, psychological and spiritual scope. These developments of one's sexuality seem to be forever expanding and intensifying. Specifically, and within a spiritual content, the paper discusses how authors Dr. and Mrs. Penner in "Counseling for Sexual
Disorders (Resources for Christian Counseling)" explore sexual dysfunctions through counseling with regards to therapy. It discusses how the three key points explained that seem crucial are inability of arousal, surviving sexual abuse, and the Christian view on sex.
From the Paper
"Although people may think that female sexual dysfunction stems from psychological reasons, there may be problems physically in terms of the female vagina. Or, sexual dysfunction can result from urinary issues, past sexual abuse, or something that may be chemically unbalanced. After the initial physical testing, say from the gynecologist, urologist and Internist, and there is nothing wrong in terms of sexual dysfunction, the next step is definitely counseling. However, some women feel embarrassed to seek counseling in this field and either blame themselves, blame their spouse, and/or blame their past relationship. Many women are informed to use various creams and ointment for pleasure however they return because the husband doesn't enjoy the feeling. Increasingly, women are being referred to counselors specializing in sexual disorders. "
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Book Reports on Counseling, 2004.
This paper studies three books: 'Brief Counseling in Action' by John M. Littrell, 'Counseling Children and Adolescents' by Ann Vernon and 'Career Counseling' by Norman C. Gysbers, Mary J. Heppner and Joseph A. Johnston.
4,725 words (approx. 18.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 167.95
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Abstract
This paper provides book report on three books regarding counseling. The three books discussed are: 'Brief Counseling in Action' by John M. Littrell, 'Counseling Children and Adolescents' by Ann Vernon and 'Career Counseling' by Norman C. Gysbers, Mary J. Heppner and Joseph A. Johnston. The reports examine the author's main points. The writer of this article discusses the validity of these points, critical issues raised, language used, types of evidence (primary, secondary) and looks at what the books have in common. The paper also discusses the relevance of the books to a B.A. degree in Counseling and reveals what was learned from the books.
From the Paper
"This book is an introduction to brief therapy for counselors and counseling students that will enable the reader to establish the mindset for brief counseling. It will help them master the key steps in the solution-focused model and acquire the necessary techniques for speeding up the action. The book uses many vignettes and three in-depth single-session cases demonstrating the use of brief counseling in different settings such as schools, counseling centers and in private ... "
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Anxiety Disorders, 2007.
A case study, including the developmental history, of generalized anxiety disorder and anxiety sensitivity disorder.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the purpose of this study is to illustrate how lack of familial communication and self-esteem, compounded by emotional abuse, can lead to generalized anxiety and diminished self- regulatory patterns, associated with anxiety sensitivity disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy is integrated into the findings of the study and presented as a treatment alternative. The client selected for this study is a 45 year old Caucasian woman with a history of anxiety. The paper explains the anxiety disorder and discusses the use of cognitive behavior therapy to help people with anxiety transform maladaptive thinking patterns into more positive and self promoting behaviors.
Outline:
Introduction
Etiology and Factors Influencing Anxiety Sensitivity
Theoretical Basis for Clinical Treatment
Client History
Case Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The client selected for this study is a 45 year old Caucasian woman with a history of anxiety. The selection is based on the following interest areas (1) the clients perceived inability to take charge or control of her personal situation and subsequently, control of her child (2) the client's history of apparent indirect emotional abuse at the hands of her husband and (3) the client developed anxiety in response to the difficulty she is experiencing in her relationships with her husband and son which ultimately serve to impair her daily living, meeting the criteria for affective disorders including depression and anxiety, but more specifically for anxiety sensitivity and generalized anxiety disorder (Bowman, et al. 1997; Reiss, 1991)."
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Multicultural Counseling: Conflicts and Concerns, 2003.
This in-depth paper analyzes the issues and problems facing minorities in the U.S. while focusing on the critical need for counselors who are trained to effectively handle and counsel people of various ethnic backgrounds.
4,473 words (approx. 17.9 pages), 31 sources, MLA, $ 117.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper defines multicultural counseling as a relationship in which the counselor and the client belong to different cultural groups, hold different assumptions about social reality and subscribe to different world views. The writer discusses the role of multicultural counselors while stressing the need to increase their understanding of the culture, life history and social circumstances of the people they are counseling. This paper cites relevant statistics and reports pertaining to this topic including the U.S. Census Bureau which states in recent reports that minorities currently make up one-quarter of the U.S. population. This paper examines issues of acculturation, cultural history and norms as well as intergenerational conflicts in two specific families, one South Vietnamese and the other Mexican-American while also detailing the type of counseling recommended for each family. The writer contends and explains why it is imperative for counselors to treat their clients as individuals without stereotyping the cultural characteristics of one specific person to those in the broader cultural community.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Multicultural Counseling
Importance of Multicultural Counseling
Acculturation
The Helping Relationship
Case Study One - The Vu's
Case Study Two - The Santiago's
Role of Supervision
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"When researching a specific culture, it is also important for counselors to be alert to any cultural stereotyping that might be uncovered. For instance, Buriel stated, "Mexican Americans as a group possess characteristics known to be negatively associated with many work attitudes, have experienced the effects of past and current discrimination, and are believed by some to be limited in their economic and occupational advancement." If counselors failed to investigate further, they would be limiting their understanding of Mexican Americans, as well as stereotyping all individuals of Mexican American descent, which would limit the effectiveness of counseling."
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Online Counseling, 2007.
This paper discusses the field of counseling via the Internet in comparison to traditional methods of counseling.
1,120 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer aims to explore how much satisfaction online counseling brings to clients as compared to the traditional process of face-to-face counseling. The writer looks at changing elements within the field as online counseling continuously grows, achieving success. This paper attempts to explain what methods and modalities work in favor of online counseling and those that yield the highest client satisfaction. Further, the writer points out that legal and ethical issues continue to be a concern when using this new method of counseling. This paper explores the works and areas that increase client satisfaction of online counseling.
From the Paper
"Moreover, according to Leibert's and his colleagues' findings, the foremost benefit to patients why online counseling appeals to them is the preservation of their privacy and anonymity. This is especially true to people who are uncomfortable with the traditional method of therapy and are unable to acquire counseling services because of fear of revealing their identity. With online counseling, such kind of people is already able to get counseling service. Renee Gedge indicates that 91% of people with anxiety disorders prefer therapy served online.
Further advantages found from online counseling is its accessibility to clients. Through online counseling, people who have busy schedules can still acquire therapy without the need to travel. Just by sitting in front of their computers and accessing online counseling services, they can still continue their therapeutic sessions."
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Tenuous Connections: Anxiety Disorders and Substance Abuse, 2008.
An examination of the relationship between anxiety disorders & substance abuse and whether substance abuse can be viewed as a product of anxiety disorders.
1,974 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper questions whether there is any evidence that increased levels of anxiety result in a higher incidence of substance abuse. People who are very anxious may consume larger quantities of alcohol, smoke more heavily or resort to drugs as a way of self medication in treating an anxiety disorder. The paper relates that the higher the levels of self-reported anxiety,the more difficult it is to complete a treatment program, with the possibility that the person will return to the disorder of abuse on completing the program. The paper continues and discusses subtle affinities of anxiety disorders with that of substance abuse, by indicating that there are minor differences between the amount of abuse by alcoholics who have anxiety disorders, and those that do not. This indicates that anxiety disorders are an independent factor in the study of substance abuse.
From the Paper
"However, trait anxiety levels were positively correlated with negative substance abuse consequences, i.e., relapses even after treatment. Trait anxiety levels were also negatively correlated with the number of days an individual spent in treatment. In other words, the more anxiety problems that an individual experienced, the more likely it was that they would be substance abusers and the longer it would take for that individual to successfully complete the treatment program. Additionally, both state and trait anxiety levels were positively correlated with the level of addiction that the individual expressed, as measured and documented by the researchers (O'Leary et al., 2000). The implication of this finding is obvious: the higher the level of anxiety that an individual experience--in other words, the greater the possibility of an anxiety disorder--the more likely it would be for that individual to have a greater substance abuse problem."
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"Anxiety Disorders and Phobias", 2004.
An overview of anxiety disorders and phobias through a review of the book, "Anxiety Disorders and Phobias" by A.T. Beck.
1,378 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how anxiety disorders and phobias are some of the most common emotional disorders that people can have and how their commonality, however, does not make them any more pleasant or easy to deal with for those who are suffering from them. It looks at how anxiety disorders can take many different forms, which further complicates the matter, and how there are about as many phobias as there are things to have phobias about. It discusses how A.T. Beck has written an interesting and informative book on anxiety and phobias, taking the cognitive approach to their treatment. This paper examines Beck's book and the issue of anxiety disorders and phobias in general.
From the Paper
"As can be seen, general anxiety disorder is not a pleasant thing. It leaves the sufferer unable to stop worrying for a significant amount of time. Worse, those worries and the physical symptoms associated with them begin to interfere in the person's daily life. Often tranquilizers or other psychotropic drugs are needed to combat this disorder and to bring the person back into a normal frame of mind. Cognitive therapy is very helpful in this area, as well. The cognitive therapist will ask the person a series of probing, Socratic questions, trying to determine the underlying cause of the worrying and the symptoms associated with it. This method of treatment is often very effective, and drugs, if they are needed, can usually be discontinued after successful treatment by a cognitive therapist."
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Reduction of Test Anxiety, 2007.
This paper presents a research proposal on the use of cognitive counseling to reduce test anxiety.
2,661 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 30 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a proposal for research that is to be conducted on mature, adult learners. The paper reviews literature, examining proposed research interventions as well as the validity of internal vs. external interventions. The paper also addresses the utilization of cognitive counseling to reduce test anxiety in self-reporting high test anxious individuals.
Outline:
Introduction to Problem/Review of Literature
Methods
Subjects
Timeline
From the Paper
"One of the most difficult issues with regard to education is test anxiety, as people who report test anxiety are completely capable of learning and assimilating materials they learn but are to differing degrees unable to prove such knowledge development in a traditional testing setting. There are many theories associated with test anxiety, including but not limited to those which attempt to reduce it by changing the test environment, and or applying counseling, psychiatric services or even in some extreme cases medication, such as beta blockers that are said to help the individual relax enough to demonstrate learning."
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