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Corporate Power and the Negation of Democracy, 2002.
Examines the nature of corporate power and capitalism and how these structures tend to negate a free and democratic society.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
Modern organizations, particularly the state and corporate conglomerations, represent the historically unprecedented concentrations of power. This paper is about how people living in a supposed free society ended up legitimizing and giving approval to their own oppression and domination. Weber predicted that corporate power would help facilitate this development. Chomsky demonstrated how the particulars work in connection to the mass media. In a nutshell, this is about the issue of capitalism. Producers and advertisers have an interest in reinforcing certain ideologies, because, in their world, minorities, women and the poor should be relegated to certain spheres. This is, therefore, a political battle -- it is a class war. Economic elites retain their power by shaping and moulding social reality through the means of mass media.
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Corporate Power and the Negation of Democracy, 2002.
This paper studies the ways in which corporations influence the United States government.
2,162 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
The writer asserts that corporations give a significant amount of their money to politicians and spend an even greater amount of money trying to persuade these politicians to vote in a manner favorable to the corporation?s cause. These contributions, Political Action Committees and personal influence, explains the author, are the avenues the paper presents for corporations to influence the government.
Table of Contents:
Review of Literature
Methodology and Theoretical Orientation
Corporate Influence on Congress
PACs and Campaign Contributions
The ?Good ?Ole Boy" System
Corporate Responsibility
A Study of 1998
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Political Action Committees are one main source of corporate campaign contributions. In 1943, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) formed the CIO-PAC to collect and disperse voluntary political contributions from union members. It wasn?t until the 1970s that PACs were legitimized. Limits on campaign contributions from individual PACs caused the number of registered PACs to increase from 608 to 4200 by the end of the 1980s (Godwin 87). PACs use a number of methods to solicite funds from the public including union campaigns and direct mail techniques. They can then contribute to the campaigns of agreeable politicians. Corporate PACs contribute funds from one or several corporations, giving corporations another avenue with which to control the political arena. A survey conducted in 1984 showed that 68% of corporations that had their own lobbying force in D.C also contributed to Political Action Committees (Wright 418)."
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Corporate Power and the Negation of Democracy, 2002.
A detailed look at lobbying, campaign contributions, committees and personal influence in politics.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper details the roles of lobbying, campaign contributions, political action committees and the role of personal influence in the political arena. Specifically, the paper looks at how corporations use these areas to influence government. A study of lobby and contribution expenditures of 1998 is done as well as brief historical perspectives on PACs and personal influence. It is concluded that if the present trends continue, corporate America will, in effect, own the U. S. government lock, stock and barrel.
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Canadian Democracy and Corporate Accountability Commission, 2002.
A review of "The report of the Canadian Democracy and Corporate Accountability Commission" and evaluation of specific recommendations #13 and #14.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper is an evaluation of "The report of the Canadian Democracy and Corporate Accountability Commission" published in 2002. This essay provides an evaluation of specific recommendations #13, and #14, and determines that these two recommendations are potentially contradictory, and weak in relation to the rest of the document. The author of this essay offers suggestions for enhancing the role of corporate responsibility with regards to the these two recommendations.
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Corporations Vs. Democracy, 2008.
This paper explores whether corporate power challenges the concept of democracy.
2,259 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how in American society corporations exert a great deal of influence and control, giving rise to complaints that big businesses, through lobbyists and other means, affect Congress to too great a degree and so make the concept of democracy meaningless. The paper provides a literature review on corporations and democracy as well as an economic analysis of capitalism and democracy. The paper also shows how preventing corporations from exerting detrimental effects on democracy will protect the basis of democracy itself.
Outline:
Introduction
Positive Analysis
Normative Analysis
From the Paper
"The political system indeed perpetuates a number of social, political, and economic inequalities between classes, racial groups, and other social and economic divisions. American government and politics are not neutral and any government action produces winners and losers, those who get benefits and those who pay most of the costs of those benefits. The ideal of the American system, as embodied in the Constitution, is to limit the separation between winners and losers and to see that no one group is always to be found in either category. This is an ideal that is not always met, and the effort to achieve this ideal itself entails ethical concerns about the rights of the citizen in a democracy."
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Power of the Media over Democracy, 2005.
This paper discusses the power of the media and our democracy.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This is an opinion paper which argues that the impact of the American media has politicized a pluralist democracy among the majority by creating a marginalized society, leaving the corporations, including the media, and the American politicians at the top of the pinnacle concerning political decisions and elite power.
From the Paper
"This bacama avidantly claar whan Richard Barlin, tha prasidant and chiaf axacutiva officar of tha Haarst Corporation in Naw York, askad Prasidant Richard Nixon to grant him immunity from tha antimonopoly law that had in pravious yaars sant othar corporata axacutivas to jail. Tha Haarst Corporation "ownad nina nawspapars, tan broadcasting stations, twanty-six magazinas, and a book publishing housa" (Adalstain). Nixon knaw that if ha did not axampt Barlin from tha law, his actions would ba ramambarad, coma tha naxt alaction. This illustratas that tha govarnmant naads tha madia mora than tha madia naads tha govarnmant dua to tha fact tha madia has tha ability to shapa and form political discoursa. It is also capabla of disrupting tha astablishad paradigm, tharafora thraataning thair dominant status."
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Separation Powers and Democracy, 2006.
A discussion on whether separation powers is a necessary condition for democracy.
1,882 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper has a large emphasis on the Federalist Papers and the American system and constitution, but also looks more broadly at the importance of separation of powers in the U.S. It looks at difficulties in U.S. history of the system as well as the nature of the system and the way it has evolved, including the philosophy behind it.
From the Paper
"In the light of the objections to the Constitution the need for separation of powers for the supporters of the constitution is clear. There was a need both for a secure public sovereignty, and a check against tyranny. In the same way, however, the "tyranny of the majority" needed to be avoided. The constitution, in their eyes, was the perfect way to achieve popular sovereignty but avoid tyranny. Furthermore, a classic Aristotelian Republic, where virtue of government and people is crucial, is incongruent with Madison's view of human nature: "The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man"11. He describes humans as naturally exhibiting "animosity" and "self-interest". Democracy would obviously be idiocy in such conditions, but the separation of powers, for Madison, provided an extra balance against the possible self-interest of the no more virtuous representatives: "Hence a double security arises to the rights of the people. The different governments will control each other; at the same time that each will be controlled by itself""
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Russian Presidential Power and Democracy, 2005.
An overview of the powers of the Russian presidency and their implications for democracy.
2,780 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper gives an overview of some of the powers at the disposal of the president and how they have created serious implications for the development and consolidation of democracy. It starts with a brief discussion about the Soviet Union's legacy and contribution to the Russian presidential system. It also looks at how the presidency arose in Russia and covers Yeltsin's presidential abuses and powers as well as Putin's.
From the Paper
"Powerful executives have traditionally been at the helm of Russian politics. The tsars were at the peak of a steep pyramid of power, only God superseding their authority. Willerton (39-40) contends that the custom of having a strong executive head-ing the country bled over into the Soviet period, with execu-tives like Stalin, Khrushchev, and Brezhnev occupying much of their time with the purpose of consolidating power within the party-state system. The General Secretary of the Communist Party was the country's senior-most executive, holding broad powers of supervision over other secretaries and subordinate bodies."
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Canadian Democracy and Judicial Powers, 2002.
Examines the impact of judicial review on Canada's representative democracy.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
Upon the enactment of the Charter, courts have assumed the role of "guardians of the Constitution", which is of great concern to Canadian politics as judges have neither the necessary training or expertise to decide on political issues that affect the entire nation. The objective of this paper is to evaluate what type of impact judicial review has had on Canada's representative democracy. Although it is tempting to focus closely on the more controversial and obvious relationship between judicial review and the Charter, this paper will endeavor to highlight the implications of binding adjudication on issues dealing with the distribution of legislative power since 1867.
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Corporate Negative Publicity, 1999.
Examines ways firms manage crises in public relations. Examples such as Tylenol poisoning and the Intel bug. Provides recommendations.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
" This paper is an examination of the ways in which companies deal with the effects of negative publicity. Negative publicity can be such a devastating situation for a business to face that an entire branch of public relations has arisen in the effort to anticipate potential problems and provide a plan of action to deal with them. "Crisis management" has become as vital to a corporate business plan as a long-term financial program. However, no matter how exhaustive the plan or how imaginative the possible scenarios, most companies are simply unable to anticipate every possible crisis they might face. Johnson & Johnson, for instance, could not have guessed that someone might decide to put poison in a few random capsules of Tylenol, while Procter and Gamble never considered the fact that their original, turn-of-the century moon-and-stars logo might someday be.."
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Corporate Governance and Corporate Law, 2002.
Examines the implications, factors and morals of corporate governance and corporate law.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper shall demonstrate how a quote from the U.K. summarizes corporate governance and corporate law through consolidating the diverse areas of the corporate governance system. This is achieved through investigating the factors that comprise corporate governance, in addition to the effects that corporate governance and corporate law have upon the business environment.
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The Proper Balance of Power in Democracies, 2008.
This paper discusses the balance of power as it relates to the judiciary in Canada.
2,414 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
Some political observers argue that the balance of power between the legislature and the judiciary resides with the judiciary in Canada - a troubling assertion for those who feel unelected officials should not hold that kind of sway over the political process. In the view of this writer, such an argument is undoubtedly correct. With that uppermost in mind, this article looks at why it may be said that Canadian judges wield sweeping powers. From there, the paper turns to examine the arguments raised by at least one prominent Canadian academic who feels strongly that judges should use the considerable powers of their position to promote the creation of a Canada more in keeping with the notions of equality and inclusiveness that Canada allegedly stands for. The writer concludes by looking at how justices now see themselves in Canada, how the Charter entrenchment of certain rights has expanded their legislative role and what implications their prominent place in the democratic process offers for interest groups and citizens' groups. The writer maintains that the proper balance of power in a democracy should be one in which judges interpret the law rather than make it via prescriptive measures, but laments whether this will ever happen in Canada.
From the Paper
"Other academics, while appearing to share Dr. Greene's view that justices should play a key role in the shaping and formulation of Canadian law, nonetheless bristle at any suggestion that Canada's judiciary has been assertive in resisting the non-democratic or authoritarian impulses of Parliament - at least in some notable cases that have sweeping implications for all Canadians. For instance, L.E. Weinrib writes in 1994 that Canada's Supreme Court justices caved in to the legislature (and possibly to public pressure, as well) when they decided to reject Sue Rodriguez's request that she be allowed to die via assisted suicide. Of especial importance - at least to Ms. Weinrib - the majority of the Supreme Court read Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as enshrining the sanctity of human life and not as an expression of an individual's right to be an autonomous decision-maker in a free society."
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Democracy, the Constitution and the Balance of Power, 2002.
This paper discusses the concept, history and application of ?Checks and Balances?, the system that gives constitutional controls of the separate branches of government in a way that one branch will not have more power over the others.
1,830 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, although the Federal Constitution of the United States with its ?Checks and Balances? makes it the best-known and most democratic system in the world today, most governments, even dictatorial ones, have a similar mechanism to balance the exercise of power among its branches. The author feels that the U.S. Constitution was and will be a reaction piece to events that happen to the people. This paper concludes that power must be controlled and accounted for: It is not only a right and a privilege but also, more so, a responsibility.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Checks and Balances in the Legislative Branch
The System and the People?s Rights
The System and the Judiciary
A Brilliant System in Present Times
From the Paper
"The system has been tested by actual situations. After the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson vetoed 20 bills (Anonymous), after which Congress overrode more than 20 bills vetoed by the President. In 1918, Congress turned down the Treaty of Versailles, which then President Woodrow Wilson worked hard for. The Treaty was to end World War I. In 1935 to 1936, Supreme Court declared that the NIRA and the AAA, New Deal programs passed by the Roosevelt Administration, were unconstitutional. Likewise, former President Ronald Regan appointed Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court, but his appointment or nomination was rejected by Congress."
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Democracy, the Constitution and the Balance of Power, 2002.
Discusses the system of 'Checks and Balances' within the American Federal Constitution.
1,825 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The Constitution of a democratic government provides for the control of powers through a system of Checks and Balances. The paper explains that this system refers to constitutional controls of the separate branches of government, i.e., executive, legislative and judicial, over one another to insure that not one will have more power over the two others. The paper shows that it is commonly believed that the policy provided by the checks and balances of the Federal Constitution of the United States makes it the best-known and most democratic system in the world today.
Paper Outline:
Checks and Balances in the Legislative Branch
The System and the People?s Rights
The System and the Judiciary
A Brilliant System in Present Times
From the Paper
"The system has been tested by actual situations. After the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson vetoed 20 bills (Anonymous), after which Congress overrode more than 20 bills vetoed by the President. In 1918, Congress turned down the Treaty of Versailles, which then President Woodrow Wilson worked hard for. The Treaty was to end World War I. In 1935 to 1936, Supreme Court declared that the NIRA and the AAA, New Deal programs passed by the Roosevelt Administration, were unconstitutional. Likewise, former President Ronald Regan appointed Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court, but his appointment or nomination was rejected by Congress."
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A Comparison of Modern Democracy and Classical Athenian Democracy, 2002.
Compares modern constitutional democracies and the democracy of classical Athens.
914 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
Discusses the major differences between Athenian democracy and modern democracy. Differences include voting and citizenship rights, gender and background bias in the Athenian social and economic system, the type of representation that each society offered and the 'participation factor' in Athens.
From the Paper
"There are several significant differences between modern constitutional democracies and the democracy of classical Athens. Even though the classical Athenian democracy was a major step forward in political thought, at its height there were still many areas in which it was decidedly unlike any democracy existing today. These differences fall into three major categories: differences in who could vote, in the type of representation, and in the overall participation factor.
One major and clearly recognizable difference is that in the Athenian democracy there was only a certain selected element of the population that was allowed to vote. This difference in voting behavior stems from the fact that the Athenian social and economic system was supportive of the suppression of groups of people according to gender and background in ways that are not acceptable in today?s western cultures.
For example, women were not given full rights of citizenship. They were also socially and economically kept in a subservient role to men. Women?s function was seen as primarily that of propagation and managing a household. Women were not allowed access to the marketplace of ideas that was so important to the Athenians.
These conditions set up an interactive cycle between the social and political institutions; since women were regarded as inferior and not deserving of full citizenship, they were not allowed to vote. However, without the ability to vote, it was very unlikely that any of these restrictions would be modified or lifted. The role of women in Greek society was too firmly entrenched to be easily changed."
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