| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "CORPORATE CRIME": |
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Corporate Crime, 2008.
An analysis of conflict theory in relation to the abundance and persecution of corporate crime.
1,842 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper examines corporate crime and applies conflict theory to this type of crime. Firstly, it defines corporate crime. It then critiques the conflict theory. The paper argues that conflict theory can be used to explain why corporate crime is abundant and why it is not often persecuted. It also discusses, according to conflict theory, why corporate crimes tend to remain under punished.
From the Paper
"Most white collar offenders belong to the "white collar class" - in other words, usually privileged, educated, rich (or at least economically middle class) and usually white and viewed in a different light than the more 'common criminals' and hence punished differently. In most cases they can also afford better and more expensive lawyers, which usually leads to lighter sentences. McDermid Gomme (1998) asserts that recidivism rate is quite high for convicted organizations and high-ranking individuals within these organizations. This can easily be explained by minimal penalties these crimes are given, and deterrence is almost non-existent, but rewards and immediate. Indeed, as McDermid Gomme (1998) notes "fines are so small that business executives generally think of them as modest licensing fees" (446)."
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Corporate Crime, 2003.
A discussion of the problem of corporate crime, with an emphasis on the executive misuse of equity-based compensation.
5,909 words (approx. 23.6 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the problem of corporate crime and more specifically with the problem that companies have been having with the executive misuse of equity-based compensation. It uses the examples of Enron and Tyco to demonstrate the need for immediate legislative action on these issues. It offers thorough, clear and concise explanations of all of the existing legislation that currently directly or indirectly effect the issue of corporate crime with several reforms. Among them are issues of accounting and tax law, as well as some issues concerning the operation of the Compensation Committees that distribute stock options to employees.
Outline
Abstract
Corporate Crime
What Are Options
Current Stock Law
Proposed Policy Reforms
Accounting Reforms
Compensation Committee Reform
Tax Reform
Rebuttal
Summary of Legislation
From the Paper
"In this new millennium the American public is being made known of a new kind of crime. It is not the kind of crime our public is used to, it is not murder nor rape of a person, but the murder of the corporate system. Corporate crime is becoming a household term. With companies like WorldCom, Martha Stewart Inc. and Arthur Anderson, the American public is becoming very familiar with this new brand of crime. It has been found that 23 corporations are currently under investigation for improper accounting. It has been estimated that these 23 corporations have pocketed $1.4 billion, or an average of $62 million each, in the last three years. Meanwhile, their companies? stock values plunged $530 billion, or about 73 percent of their total value. Furthermore these companies have lain off a total of 162,000 workers (CNN.com)."
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Corporate Crime in America, 2004.
An examination of the heightened trend of corporate crime in America in recent years.
857 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are two reasons why corporate crime has become so prevalent in recent years. First, because those committing corporate crime think they can get away with it, and second, because they believe that punishments for the crimes will be minimal. It argues that, in order to fight corporate crime, we need to address these two prevailing notions.
From the Paper
"With the latest string of corporate crime ?busts,? we are realizing more and more that wearing a suit and tie to work does not exempt one from criminal action. Corporate crime, though not violent in nature, is incredibly harmful with regards to society. Chief executive officers in companies such as Enron, Worldcom, and Tyco cheated their employees and investors out of millions of dollars (Puscas 2003). Much of that money was earmarked for pension benefits, retirement plans, and medical insurance for the company?s workforce. Corporate crime can also be detrimental to the economy in that it reduces confidence in the stock market and other related investments."
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Corporate Crime, 2004.
An analysis of corporate crime through history and its place in corporate America today.
1,626 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rise of corporate crime in the United States. The paper presents several examples of different types of corporate crimes, claiming that the most common type of corporate crime, excluding cybercrimes, is insider trading. The paper cites the incarceration of Martha Stewart as an example of this. Other examples examined in the paper are WorldCom, Enron and Tyco.
From the Paper
"Corporate crimes have taken center stage in our thoughts, imaginations and most importantly on the front pages of our newspapers. Of course, with the recent incarceration of Martha Stewart, we've come face to face with the very public persona of corporate crime, but much of the history is behind the scenes rather than on our television screens daily. According to the Encyclopedia of White Collar and Corporate Crime, by Lawrence Salinger, corporate crime has been around as long as there have been corporations. Salinger actually profiles the early corporate crime perpetrators as criminaloids: "The criminaloids encounter feeble opposition and since their practices are often more lucrative than the typical criminal act, they distance their more scrupulous rivals in business and politics and reap an uncommon worldly prosperity."
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Ford Pinto and Corporate Crime, 2004.
A discussion of corporate crime through a close examination of the Ford Pinto case, one of the landmark cases in corporate criminology.
2,829 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the Ford Pinto case, one of the landmark cases in corporate criminology. The first part of the paper examines the facts of the Ford Pinto case from the supposed decision to ?rush? the production of the unsafe car to the effects of the 1980 criminal trial of the Ford Motor Company for reckless homicide. It then uses the framework of research on white-collar crime and studies on organizational culture and structure to examine the lack of safety and recall regulations that may have contributed to as much as 500 deaths. It concludes that, in addition to the drive for profit, the institutional norms embedded in the organizational structure of the Ford Company, as well as within the NHTSA at the time, contributed significantly to the lack of both internal and external regulations. The lack of these regulations, in turn, resulted in unsafe cars that caused many of their occupants to lose their lives.
Outline
Review of Literature
Background of Ford Case
Ford?s Organizational Structure
Administrative Evil and the Lack of Regulation
Corporate Crime and Administrative Evil
From the Paper
"Much of the literature on the Ford Pinto case focuses on how consumer safety was willingly sacrificed in the face of ?corporate greed.? Dowie (1977) wrote the first and definitive account in his Pulitzer Prize winning ?Pinto Madness.? In this expose, Dowie unearthed documents proving that the engineers and managers Ford Company knew of the Pinto?s safety problems for at least seven years, but refused to make the necessary safety changes. This decision, Dowie charged, was based on the concept of profit maximization."
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Corporate Crime, 2005.
This paper discusses corporate crime in Canada.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper evaluates the significance of corporate criminal activities, which are identified within organizations. The author points out that there are a number of actions, which are taken against companies, when corporate executives take advantage of their substantial power within the company. The paper relates that corporate corruption eventually causes irreversible damage to the organization as a whole.
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Organized Crime, Hate Crime, and Ritualistic Crimes, 2006.
A paper examining police responsibility in investigating hate crimes, organized crime, and ritualistic crimes.
1,767 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of community policing. The author says that for certain types of crime, such as hate crimes, mob-related crimes and ritualistic crimes, police must look at the underlying causes of the crimes rather than just dealing with the perpetrators after the fact. The paper explains why these particular categories differ from other crimes, and why these categories require a different kind of approach from police.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Organized Crime
Hate Crime
Ritual Crimes
Law Enforcement Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Community policing is a term that is becoming increasingly common in police studies and practice. This is a natural result of the increase in the responsibility of the police in a complex and modern environment. This means that policing has to deal not only with the effects of crime but also with the underlying causes of criminal acts in order to be effective. This is especially the case with regard to forms of crime such as hate and ritual crimes which have sensitive and far-reaching social implications. In this regard the responsibility of the police is being shared with other institutions and the community in order to provide a more adequate and comprehensive solution to contemporary crime issues."
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Natural Crime vs. Legal Crime, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the concepts of "natural crime" and "legal crime", using each of the crime classifications on the FBI's crime index.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the seven classifications of crime listed in the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. The paper determines which crimes might be considered "mala in se", crimes that are inherently dangerous or "mala prohibita", crimes not inherently wrong, but are considered criminal because their prohibition is necessary to regulate the general welfare. The paper asserts that the crimes in which human life is lost, in threat of being lost or violated in any way, should be considered "mala in se." The paper posits that crimes in which property or belongings are lost or taking away, should be considered "mala prohibita" because property is less valuable than human life.
From the Paper
"Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, as defined in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, is the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. (www.fbi.gov) There are some homicides that are reduced to a lesser crime because there was no intent evident in the act. The intent to kill is where the defendant consciously desired to cause death or where the defendant intended to cause great bodily harm. There are other crimes of murder that are justified or excusable. An example of this is if an intruder entered a home with a gun, the occupants could murder the intruder and not be charged with a homicide. The occupants could argue that they were protecting their family from being murdered by the intruder."
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Natural crimes and legal crimes, 2006.
Looks at the distinction between natural crimes and legal crimes.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the distinction between natural crimes, also known as mala per se crimes, and legal crimes, also known as mala prohibita crimes. It looks at the FBI crime index and assesses whether these crimes are mala per se or mala prohibita.
From the Paper
T"here are two major types of crimes natural crimes and legal crimes which are now referred to as mala per se crimes and mala prohibita crimes respectively. Crime A crime is defined by law as an act ..."
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Criminal Prosecution of Corporate Management, 2004.
A look at the phenomenon of the criminal prosecution of managers as a weapon against corporate crime.
1,102 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
Using the case of Enron as a backdrop, this paper asks and answers several questions relating to the prosecution of management in corporate crime. The questions involve which laws are broken in the current cases at issue; whether prosecution should include accounting firms and the CFO, how much authority managers have in accounting activities, whether managers should be prosecuted if they had no role in the crime, whether prosecution is becoming a deterrent,and whether corporations are exempt from criminal prosecution?
From the Paper
"Recently, a number of headline-grabbing cases, such as the accounting fraud that existed at the Enron Corporation, have highlighted the role of management at various corporations and in the financial industry, in the commission of corporate crime. The role of accountants and the major corporate accounting firms, as well as the chief financial advisors of corporations and the management personnel whom may or may not be aware of illegal accounting activities, are now under strict scrutiny by the SEC."
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Hate Crimes: Crimes Against Man or God?, 2006.
A discussion regarding hate crimes and the reasons that such acts are incited.
1,139 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at hate crimes. The paper defines hate crimes, provides statistics and provides modern day examples of hate crimes. The paper further explains that hate crimes are not only against the laws created by man, but also that of God.
From the Paper
" We now know the term "hate crimes" was introduced in 1985: clearly an act of commission, but how far back do we need to go to realize that these hateful acts have been apart of society since the beginning of mankind. In the bible, when we read about "The Parable of the Good Samaritan" (Luke 10:25-34); dating back to about A.D. 62, which has me to believe as a Christian, to be in a state of omission, and do nothing about a crime that has taken place is just as much a sin as the crime itself. It's printed in black and white for me in 1John 4:20, "If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen but love God whom he hath not seen?" When we read Gospel passages like those in the bible from Luke and 1John, Jesus' message is direct and uncomplicated: love God, love neighbor....Go do it. Looking at the details in these passages can help us understand how Christianity and hatred get mixed up together. It provides us with clues about how to stay clear and focused on God's calling to love. "
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White Collar Crime and Organized Crime, 2006.
A look at the reality of organized crime.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how organized crime is heavily involved in activities that are traditionally considered white collar crimes. The paper also discusses how there are several misconceptions surrounding the concept of what types of criminals are considered white collar. The paper goes on to describe the symbiotic relationship between organized crime and the surrounding society.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the most worrisome group of organized criminals is composed of the various terrorist organizations that operate within the United States. While they have some of the same goals as other criminal organizations, terrorist groups are not motivated by profit, but by a desire to harm individuals. This makes them more dangerous than other groups of criminals. In addition, terrorist organizations often use traditional means of criminal activity to develop their incomes. Most notably, Al Qaeda's funding has been linked to illegal drugs and weapons distribution."
"Fraud takes a tremendous toll on society each year; millions of people are victimized and billions of dollars lost each year to schemers and hucksters. Furthermore, modern technology has made fraud increasingly possible and profitable. Any person with an e-mail inbox should have an understanding of how pervasive fraud is on the internet. In fact, internet and telephone fraud is a tremendous underground issue, which "victimizes hundreds of thousands of consumers annually and indirectly affects our entire society by causing a loss of confidence in the e-commerce economy of the 21st century." (Morgan and Johnson, 2005). In fact, telecommunications fraud may be the most lucrative white collar criminal enterprise."
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Under-Reported Corporate Fraud, 1997.
Examines causes & effects of unreported & under-reported crimes against banks & corporations. Discusses statistical problems, types of crimes, reasons for not reporting and costs.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 17 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
" The dark figure of crime is a source of error in crime statistics, and a source of consternation for criminologists. This dark figure refers to the number of crimes undisclosed to the police and the subsequent exclusion of such crimes from official crime indices. White collar crimes represent a significant portion of unreported offenses. Since crime indices form the basis for policy analysis, program planning and evaluation, and research the dark figure of crime presents a serious problem for society.
Experts estimate that less than 40 percent of all serious crime is reported to the police (Pursley, 1994; Walker, 1993). Larceny, the category that includes certain white collar crimes, has the lowest reporting rate of any serious crime (Pursley, 1994, p. 102). Victims are more likely to report crimes that.."
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Corporate Cleanup, 2004.
Discusses how the Enron scandal and similar events have made consumers more weary of corporations. Discusses ways law enforcement plans to deal with this change.
1,167 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the use of criminal prosecution for the purpose of cleaning up corporate America. The writer uses several examples of criminal prosecution in large corporations to provide evidence of the trend. The writer also discusses the federal government?s stance on corporate crime.
From the Paper
"The Enron scandal made news around the world and shocked many who used to believe that corporate heads could be trusted. While the Enron scandal was sensational it was not the first instance of corporate crime nor was it the last. For many years corporate crime has been considered a lesser offense than other crimes. It has been tagged white collar crime for several generations and the prisons which hold the rarely prosecuted offenders are more like country clubs than prisons. In more recent years, given the magnitude and far reaching affects of scandals like Enron the American public has demanded accountability, not only on the part of those who commit the crime but from those who make the decision whether or not to prosecute those involved. Given the current economic climate in the nation concern has grown regarding corporate crime. If Americans are going to see a reduction in crime at the corporate level, it will have to support criminal prosecution as the most common weapon against it."
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Corporate Criminal Liability, 2002.
A discussion of the laws and statutes of corporate criminal liability and how managers and executives can minimize their risks.
1,997 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes and examines the various issues related to corporate criminal liability. Executives and managers may be criminally prosecuted as individuals for the actions of their businesses, even if they neither knew about nor had any role in the crime. Thus, executives and managers may be sentenced to jail time simply for company violations that occurred on their watch. This paper discusses some of the applicable case law and statutes with examples from real life cases and then outlines how executives and managers may avoid or minimize their risk of criminal liability. It concludes with recommendations for improving corporate ethics.
From the Paper
"Criminal prosecution of executives and managers for the actions of their businesses sharply increased during the 1960s and again in the 1980s after the junk bond and Savings and Loan scandals erupted. Various factors contributed to the rise in criminal prosecution of executives and managers for the actions of corporations. First, prosecutors became much more willing to take action against individual managers for criminal offenses by their businesses. Second, both Congress and the states incorporated criminal penalties for responsible individuals into an increasing number of regulatory statutes. Third, courts became more willing to interpret these statutes as public welfare legislation and to hold businesses and their executives and managers strictly liable for the consequences of a violation."
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