| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "CONSUMER CULTURE": |
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Causal Analysis of Consumer Culture, 2004.
Compares two works, "Work and Spend" by Juliet Schor and "Delectable Materialism" by Michael Schudson, on consumer culture.
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and compares the writings of two authors on the cause and effect of consumerism. The paper argues that, of the two books, Schudson's analysis in "Delectable Materialism" is more plausible than that of Schor's in "Work and Spend". The paper outlines Schor's work and then explains Schor's inability to establish cause and effect in her hypothesis. The paper then outlines Schudson's work and shows how he has established a cause-effect relationship in his hypothesis on consumer culture.
From the Paper
"In developing the argument that capitalism and advertising have created a consumerist treadmill resulting in discontent, Schor traces the advent of consumerism as concurrent with the development of the market system and the growth of the middle class. As further support of her claim, she cites the historically relative absence of materialism prior to the advent of capitalism. Thus, Schor concludes that it was capitalism that precipitated the rise of a consumerist culture and the breakdown of historical values: ?Thrift and sobriety were out; waste and excess were in?in the midst of all this buying, we can discern the origins of modern consumer discontent? (Work and Spend). The key to Schor?s hypothesis here is the apparent absence of materialism prior to the advent of capitalism. However, the seeming absence of consumerism could well have been a function of other factors such as lower incomes and more important, the absence of a wide range of consumer goods."
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Wants, Needs and the Consumer Culture, 2008.
This essay discuses the evolution and future of consumerism.
3,170 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, before the Age of Industrialization, purchasing habits were fundamentally determined by need. The author points out that industrialization created the labor class, a class of buyers unversed in the possibilities of mass production and material accessibility. The paper relates that, with material goods becoming more widely available and with industrial employment becoming more pervasive, the trade of finance for commodity would gradually become the prime indicator of status. The author states that the acquisition of greater and more elaborate consumer goods would be seen by many as the most widely available means to emulating the aristocracy, which is the basis for the consumer culture that is a dominant force in the world today. The paper concludes that eliminating the vagaries of the consumer culture in favor of socialistic and intrinsic paths to happiness would be the result of a radical shift in popular perspective and behavior.
From the Paper
"Sociologist Zygmunt Bauman assessed in his 1998 study on consumer habitations in the post-modern era that there existed in the labor culture of the pre-Industrial period a disposition to view its work as a means to leisure. Where we commonly associate the notion of a pay check with its buying power, it was rather seen as a way of earning one's right to repose. Prior to modernity, it was perceived that "there were so many interesting and decent things to do, things one could not buy but could well overlook, neglect or lose if one was running after money from dawn to dusk.""
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Arts and Consumer Culture of African-Americans, 2004.
Study of the culture of African-Americans during the Progressive Era.
762 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the development of the African-American culture during the coming of the 20th century. More specifically, the paper discusses and analyzes the culture of consumerism and literature of the African-American sector during the Progressive Era.
From the Paper
"The consumerism of African Americans is illustrated by the increased consumption of manufactured goods and services offered in the commercial market. By buying these manufactured goods and services, African Americans perceive themselves as one with the white American society. By subsisting to materialism and hedonism, the black American sector sought to achieve an equal status, establish an egalitarian society in the country, where both white and black Americans co-exist peacefully. Unfortunately, this is just an ?idealistic? view of the consumer culture of African Americans, where material goods represent their ideals for a free and equal society."
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The Influence of Culture on Consumer Behavior, 2004.
This article discusses consumer behavior primarily in South Africa.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 12 sources, $ 63.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer considers twelve articles focusing on consumer behavior, primarily in South Africa. The writer discusses factors that affect consumer behavior (such as, family values, peer pressure, cultural mores and economic trends).
From the Paper
"There are many different factors that affect consumer behavior, family values, peer pressure, cultural mores, economic trends among others. Understanding how various factors affect consumer behavior is critical if companies are to be successful in their marketing efforts. These factors become both more complicated and more critical when international marketing is taken into account. This research considers the issues of need and motives values and attitudes and how these factors are both influenced and how they influence consumer behavior particularly with ..."
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Cultural Influences in Consumer Buying Behavior, 2008.
A research paper comparing traditional brick-and-mortar purchases and online sales in the United States and Russia.
14,950 words (approx. 59.8 pages), 35 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper provides a background and overview of how cultural influences affect consumer buying behaviours to identify any commonalities and differences between consumers in the United States and Russia, and to determine what impact these differences and commonalities have on online and brick-and-mortar outlet purchasing behaviours. Chapter one introduces the topics under consideration, provides a statement of the problem, the purpose and importance of the study, as well as its scope and rationale. Chapter two provides a critical review of the relevant and peer-reviewed literature concerning e-commerce and e-tailing and a discussion of the respective economies of Russia and the United States today. Chapter three presents the study's methodology, a description of the study approach, the data-gathering method and the database of study consulted. Chapter four is comprised of an analysis of the data developed during the research process and chapter five presents the study's conclusions, a summary of the research and salient recommendations for companies seeking to establish or expand their online presence in the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Data Analysis
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The trends are clear and unmistakable. Just a decade ago, online sales were a very small part of the national economy of the United States and were virtually nonexistent in the former Soviet Union, and online sales in total comprised a tiny fraction of global trade. Today, though, online sales are in the tens of billions of dollars, and electronic commerce is becoming increasingly important to consumers, sellers, and entire economies. Though considered to be in its relative infancy, Internet usage and on-line marketing are also growing explosively. In fact, during 2003 alone, approximately 40 million households in the U.S. made at least one purchase from the Internet, up from only six million in 1994 (Black, 2005). Rapid innovations in a wide range of telecommunications, the volume and rapidity of air travel (in spite of the September 11th 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States), e-business and instantaneous "live" television coverage of important - and not so important - events have made the world a smaller place in which to live and shop, but with an enormously wider selection of choices available for those with the right tools and access. Today, new words and terminologies have entered the vernacular to describe this emerging reality; e.g., Internet, e-commerce, KBE, ISPS, dot-com companies, web portals, telephony, PGs, wireless application protocols; combined with other buzzwords such as "creative destruction" and "paradigm shift," as well as neologisms such as "glocalization," "globalating" and "technoglobalism," it is clear that more and more businesses will be turning to the Internet as a way to improve their competitive advantage and increase their market share in current and additional markets (Mutalib, 2002). Indeed, advances in technology have provided useful supportive tools in the conventional market. For example, television and radio have greatly facilitated one-way communication. Various information systems can be used to process transactions, collect and analyze data."
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"All Consuming Images: the Politics of Style in Contemporary Culture", 2003.
A review of Stuart Ewen's book "All Consuming Images: the Politics of Style in Contemporary Culture"
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses cultural history as reflected in Ewen's book. It explores its major ideas. It expands on society's obsession with image and style. The author also mentions the power of the mass media.
From the Paper
"In contemporary society the obsession with image and style overrides function and substance. Stuart Ewen in "All Consuming Images: the Politics of Style in Contemporary Culture" examines the preoccupation with image and style and its implications. The book which ..."
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Consumer Behavior in Taiwan, China, and the U.S., 2004.
A cross-cultural analysis of consumer behavior in China, Taiwan,
and the United States.
4,315 words (approx. 17.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 114.95
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Abstract
Consumer behavior is influenced by many factors: cultural heritage, perceived value of goods or services, economics, and interpersonal issues. In the current global economy, it is inevitable that East and West meet in the arena of consumer goods and services. Because of the size of their populations, the United States and the two Chinas, the People's Republic and Taiwan, could easily emerge as major markets for each other?s goods and services. For any company to be successful in a cross-cultural marketing effort, however, it is essential to pay attention not only to similarities, but to differences, and then to market accordingly. In order to develop a few marketing precepts for creating goods, perhaps with variations in the goods themselves or in the marketing material, this paper looks, in depth, at the cultures of all three nations. The paper then examines what various researchers, experts, and government/trade officials have been saying about markets in the China and Taiwan.
From the Paper
"In China, where incomes have been rising, it is necessary to price items so they are affordable to enough people to become popular; in Taiwan, there would be less price sensitivity and, in fact, the Taiwanese are used to paying heftily for many necessities, such as living space, and would be far less price sensitive than the Chinese. In fact, because they have had a growing market economy for some time, they are very likely susceptible to the same upscale, higher-priced marketing concepts as Americans."
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Consumer Laws in the United Kingdom, 2002.
This paper uses a case study to examine United Kingdom Consumer Laws and Consumer criminal laws. The laws are meant to protect consumers against defective and unsafe products and services.
16,682 words (approx. 66.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
United Kingdom Consumer Laws and Consumer criminal Laws are meant to protect consumers against defective and unsafe products and services. They can be invoked if a consumer feels he was taken for a ride and given product or service, which did not meet his needs or was faulty in any sense. We need to understand that certain conditions apply when these laws are made use of to bring charges against a trader. For example, the nature of product or service doesn't count at all but the length of use; special seller instructions, representation of a product etc. play a dominant role in determining the exact nature of breach of contract between the seller and the consumer.
Proposal-Introduction
Executive Summary
-------Rights and Liabilities-Used car
-------Rights and Liabilities-Seat cover
-------Rights and Liabilities- Cell batteries
-------Rights and Liabilities-Re-roofing
-------Rights and liabilities-Dogs
Conclusions/Recommendations
From the Paper
"Eleanor and Nicos needed to purchase a second-hand car and visited Solid Cars for this purpose. There they found a Range Rover, which was being offered for ?2,000. The salesman informed them the original engine of the Rover had been replaced with a reconditioned engine. After initial discussions with the salesman, they agreed to purchase the vehicle through their debit card. The salesman however told them few things, which later proved to be incorrect and caused them several problems during test-drive."
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Culture and International Marketing Strategies, 2004.
An exploration of the role of culture in the formulation of international marketing strategies.
2,881 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, as increasing numbers of businesses look to expand and develop their consumer and market base through the internationalisation of their operations, managers are recognising the importance of effective international marketing to counter the increased levels of uncertainty and complexity. It focuses specifically on the role of culture in the formulation of international marketing strategies, using a number of examples to highlight the points raised. Firstly, international marketing strategies are considered in more detail, followed by an exploration of the concept of culture and its influence on international marketing strategies.
Outline
Introduction
What are International Marketing Strategies?
Understanding Culture
The Role of Culture in International Marketing Strategy Formulation
Hofstede?s Five Dimensions
Hall and Hall?s High-Low Context
Direct Influence on Marketing Mix
Product
Price
Place
Promotion
Importance of Ethics
Critiquing the Role of Culture
Conclusions
References
Appendix 1
From the Paper
"Since value judgements vary between and within cultures, perceptions of what constitutes acceptable behaviour also differ: for example a gift in one country may be considered a bribe in another (Cateora and Ghauri, 2000; Doole and Lowe, 2001). Kotabe and Helsen (2004 p.171) highlight the significance of this for international marketers who ?must understand and respect cultural subtleties, whilst finding the limits of ethical behaviour?; since a company?s ethical stance may affect its ability to do business in some countries. For example, Motorola?s lengthy ?Code of Business Conduct?, sets out standards for accepted behaviour throughout the organisation (see www.motorola.com). They recognise the ?ethical legitimacy? of gift-giving in Japan, but decline to ?participate in the practice? (Hamilton and Knouse, 2001 p.87). This allows the company to show respect for Japanese culture, whilst maintaining its own corporate values. Similarly, consideration should be given to product usage and production processes, which may not be appropriate in certain cultures or environments."
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Consumer Behavior, 2002.
This research examines consumer behavior and demand and considers the ways in which companies can use consumer behavior theory to increase demand and quantity demanded goods and services.
3,854 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how companies need to understand consumer behavior in order to determine the best way to shift demand in favor of their products. When companies are able to ascertain why consumers purchase particular goods and services, they can tailor their marketing efforts to address the needs of consumers. It explains how this increases sales, and improves the profit performance of the organization. It also discusses how consumer behavior can also help companies increase demand by helping consumers accept new uses for existing goods and services. It examines the close relationship between consumer behavior, demand, and marketing.
From the Paper
"According to some analysts, American consumers are spending a higher percentage of their incomes than most other industrial nations, and even higher percentages than they have in the past. In 1998, consumer income increased by five percent, but consumer spending increased six percent. Consumer saving was approximately one-half of one percent of income (Walden, 1999, p. 46).
At the same time, consumers are taking on additional debt, also for purchases. American consumers spend an average of 18 percent of income on non-home loans, a record level of indebtedness (Walden, 1999, p. 46). This causes some economists to be concerned about the possible ramifications of a downturn in the economy. The concern is that consumers lacking sufficient savings to withstand a downturn will slow or even halt spending, and some consumers may be forced into bankruptcy in this situation because they lack appropriate financial resources."
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Consumer Behavior, 2006.
An analysis of the importance of consumer behavior.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the study of consumer behavior helps organizations improve marketing strategies by understanding how certain issues such as buyer psychology and behavior affect purchasing decisions. By understanding the consumer, organizations will be able to make more informed decisions as to which strategy to employ and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach the consumer. This paper defines consumer behavior and provides an example of a consumer purchase demonstrating how each of the 4 Ps (product, price, promotion, and place) of marketing impacted the purchase.
Outline:
Abstract
Definition
The 4 P's of Marketing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One definition of consumer behavior is "The study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society" (Hawkins, 2004). Another definition according to the American Marketing Association is that consumer behavior is "the dynamic interaction of affect and cognition, behavior, and environmental events by which human beings conduct the exchange aspects of their lives." More generally, consumer behavior is the psychology behind marketing and the behavior of consumers in the marketing environment (American Marketing Association, 2006)."
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The Consumer Movement, 2002.
This paper discusses the consumer movement, which represented the effort to protect consumers' interests in the face of big business.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
Promoting consumer protection, the movement has always favored cooperative and other reformist efforts, since it sought to make big business accountable to the consumer. In light of the triumph of market forces, and the failure of Ralph Nader to achieve broad popular support, it is clear that the consumer movement has not succeeded in achieving consumer sovereignty.
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Consumer Motivations for Establishing a School, 2008.
An analysis of consumer motivations for the establishment of an English as a second language (ESL) school for Chinese students in Vancouver, Canada.
3,196 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the issue of international education and considers the consumer decision-making process that motivates, in particular, Chinese students to enroll in educational institutions in Vancouver, Canada. It also examines the pressures and incentives that may induce Chinese students to study in Vancouver and offers a marketing plan for the successful development of a new English as a second language (ESL) school. The paper discusses the social, cultural and educational considerations, as well as a general economic outlook for the future.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Industry Overview
Consumer Identification
Analysis of Consumer Motivation
Marketing implications
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Another important point to be addressed in the literature is the quick turnaround offered by the school. As an intensive, short-duration course, the academy will offer students the most efficient methods of learning and using English to pass the exam (if this is their stated goal). As we have also seen, there is a tremendous amount of money in the ETL book publishing industry. This is a market which is largely unregulated and there are few standard texts accepted by all institutions. Therefore, the development of a unique teaching curriculum supported by an in-house publishing wing may offer a long-term and lucrative source of income. As Vancouver is home to a number of universities, colleges and other educational institutions, as well as a thriving Chinese community, it may be possible to co-develop a series of educational books that take into account the realities - and pressures - faced by Chinese ESL learners."
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Consumerism, 2004.
This paper discusses marketing to the American consumer culture.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the American consumer culture by examining three books. The author points out the need for market strategies directed at consumerism. The paper explores the concept of luxury seekers.
From the Paper
"Over the past years, American society has become a mass consumer culture. Americans are aware of how every dollar is spent and certainly willing and ready to spend them. Because of this, pointed marketing strategies have become increasingly necessary. Fortunately, there are resources that have the examination of consumerism down to a science. Twitchell's "Living it Up" and Silverstein's "Trading Up" explore a particular facet of this consumer culture. That is the notion that what is luxurious today is standard tomorrow. Silverstein defines the ..."
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The Consumer Protection Act, 2005.
This paper discusses the Consumer Protection Act and examines its implications with regards to real estate matters.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six page graduate paper examines the Consumer Protection Act. The author notes that in examining how the Consumer Protection Act relates to real estate and real estate transactions, it is evident that the CPA reflects the fundamental principle of protecting prospective buyers from sellers who are tempted to engage in deception and fraud. Consumer protection laws, many of which have been incorporated into the Consumer Protection Act, mandate that a seller cannot generally take any action or fail to take any action that may result in a consumer being deceived or misled through false claims, ambiguity, exaggeration, or innuendo.
From the Paper
"In examining how the Consumer Protection Act relates to real estate and real estate transactions, it is evident that the CPA reflects the fundamental principle of protecting prospective buyers from sellers who are tempted to engage in deception and fraud. Consumer protection laws, many of which have been incorporated into the Consumer Protection Act, mandate that a seller cannot generally take any action or fail to take any action that may result in a consumer being deceived or misled through false claims, ambiguity, exaggeration, or innuendo."
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