| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY": |
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Constitutional History, 2004.
Explores the foundations, motivations, and history of the United States Constitution.
1,101 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper is about the guiding principles of the United States Constitution. It looks at the intentions of its authors, the original basis for the document, what it has meant to America's political and social development, and the success it has had in guiding the United States along its path in history.
From the Paper
"The Articles of Confederation and the Constitution resembled each other in some cases and differed from each other greatly in other aspects. The Articles of Confederation were a foundation for the Constitution, and sometimes called the Pre-Constitution. The Confederation, which existed from 1781 until 1789, lacked power to deal with interstate issues, to enforce its will on states, and had little stature in the eyes of the world. It was time for a revision, a new perspective, and a radical change in our government system. However, the principles which guided the crafting of the Declaration of Independence were those same ideals which Jefferson, Franklin, Madison, and others used to write the Constitution."
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British Constitutional History, 2002.
This paper discusses British political history.
620 words (approx. 2.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 22.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at British political history and why in Britain there has not been a revolution like that of France or Russia. The author discusses how there have been threats of revolutions in Britain, but they did not deflect the main current of political development. The writer shows how the gradual and continuous political development in Britain was not only devoid of civil commotion,but also influenced the politics of countless other countries all over the world.
From the Paper
"Until the Middle Ages, Britain was a feudal kingdom that gradually transformed into a strong centralized monarchy. The monarchy came into its own in the middle ages and the monarchs felt secure enough in their position to seek the advice of their subjects in matters of the state. This resulted in the formation of the great councils that initially consisted of members of the nobility and church leaders. In the meetings of the great councils, the monarchs sought advice, exchanged information, and gathered petitions. (Kishlansky). These councils were the precursor of the present day parliament in Britain, the all-powerful legislative and executive body."
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The U.S. Constitution, 2005.
Presents an overview of the United States Constitution, including its history and current issues.
4,000 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
The primary objective behind the creation of a written constitution was to lay down the foundations for a strong and well-disciplined central government to counter the effects of the years of unrest and chaos that had been caused by the ?Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union? that had been serving as the means of governing the number of independent colonies of the U.S.A. from the year 1778 onwards. This paper examines the history of the U.S. Constitution, including the years leading up to its creation and the ideas that were influential in creating it. It looks at the changes that took place through the years and the effect of federalism. The paper also looks at problems facing the Constitution today.
From the Paper
"This concept meant that the national and the state governments, though vested with separate powers, must co-operate with one another to deal with the numerous economic and social problems of the people. This co-operative federalism lasted from the 1950?s to the 1960?s, and one of the foremost duties of these intergovernmental relationships was for the federal government to grant aid to the states for some important reasons that would be mutually agreed upon. For example, the building of the interstate highways in several states for which the federal government bore more than 90% of the expenditure, and also gave valuable expert advice on the technicalities of the construction, and also set up new standards for the building of more roads in America. In this manner, American federalism can be defined as an ongoing and continuing process of political and economic as well as administrative aspects that influences the American government even today."
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Modern Russian Political History, 2005.
This paper reviews in detail the intricacies of modern Russian political history from the writing of the new constitution to relationships with the E.U..
7,120 words (approx. 28.5 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 159.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although Russian politics may appear to be chaotic, several factors underlie the problems in Russia, such as the history, the republics and regions and the diversity of the various groups involved. The author points out that, during the long, conflicted drafting process of the new constitution from June 1990 to November 1993, attention was often focused on the highly visible, disputed separation-of-powers doctrine; however, the process of drafting a new constitution for Russia also became protracted by the less conspicuous but progressively contentious, division-of-powers issue. The paper relates that Yeltsin's actions during the 1991 coup did much to bring democracy to Russia but he did not lived up to such ideals; even though plagued by ill health, Yeltsin's competence as a leader had long been suspect and corruption, crime and economic malaise flourished in Russia.
From the Paper
"The EU foreign ministers expressed their support for the Council of Europe's continuing cooperation with and assistance to Russia under the condition that Russia abides by its commitments. They acknowledged the efforts made by the Russian authorities for having the presence of Council of Europe experts in Russia and their promise of allowing free access by the International Red Cross to the detention camps in Chechnya. Portuguese Foreign Minister Jaime Gama and EU high representative of common foreign and defense policy Javier Solana briefed the foreign ministers about their recent trip to Moscow, where they met with President-elect Vladimir Putin and Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov."
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God and Government: An Interpretation of Modern History., 2002.
This paper examines Catherine Millard's book, "The Rewriting of American History" in comparison to three other history texts.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
These texts are Jack N. Rakove's "Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution", M. E. Bradford's "Founding Fathers : Brief Lives of the Framers of the United States Constitution", and Howard Zinn's "A People's History of the United States". The comparison shall be made on the grounds that Millard mistakenly argues that modern American historians are atheists and therefore wish to exclude all mention of God from historical texts.
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English Constitutional Law, 2007.
An analysis of English constitutional law, particularly the purpose of the Constitutional Reform Act of 2005.
1,313 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Constitutional Reform Act of 2005, which enshrines in law, for the first time, a duty on government ministers to uphold the independence of the judiciary. The paper describes the history and the scope of the law, as well as its purpose. In addition, the paper discusses the Constitutional Reform Act with relation to English constitutional law and its need for reform.
From the Paper
"The scope of judicial review today is almost unrecognisable compared to that of 25 years ago, and judges are more willing to intervene to ensure that the body in question acts in a procedurally correct manner, even when such a decision may impugn on the authority of the executive. For example in the case of Anisminic Ltd v Foreign Compensation Commission , where a statutory provision seemed to exclude the courts' supervisory jurisdiction, the court, according to Wade and Forsyth, acted in a way of "total disobedience to Parliament" by recognising a broad concept of jurisdiction. Further, in the Pergau Dam case, Lord Irvine argues that the court "took away from the executive a considerable degree of autonomy" in holding that the Secretary of State's decision was unlawful. He continues arguing "it is this type of judicial activism which begins to blur the boundary between appeal and review, thereby undermining the constitutional foundations on which the courts' supervisory jurisdiction rests"."
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Political History, 2002.
An analysis of American political history, focusing on the issue of political parties.
1,939 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history of the American political system. The paper outlines the major shift made by American politics in the era after the war of 1812 and before the onset of the Civil War. The change from a political system of deference to one with two political parties fighting hard for the spoils of every election, is illustrated. The paper discusses the constitutional constraints and institutional reforms that have produced a weak party system in the United States.
From the Paper
"It was not inevitable that America develop a two-party political system, though political parties today do serve a number of important roles in the political and social structure of the nation. The Republicans and the Democrats have been the two parties for more than a century, though these were not the first political parties in the nation. In truth, the Founding Fathers did not want political parties and so excluded them from the Constitution. They did believe that factions would develop, and avoiding the damage factions could do was one reason political parties were not included in the Constitution. Madison wrote about the near-inevitability of factions in The Federalist Papers, and he said that the causes of faction are part of the nature of the human being. Political parties did indeed develop in the new country, and it appears that this was easily predicted given the tendency of the individual to seek others of like mind and to attempt concerted action where possible. The nature of parties changed over time--in the beginning they were loose alliances among compatible members of congress in support of or in opposition to the president (Reiter 52-53). Later, they would become stronger and more institutionalized."
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Constitutional Courts in France and Russia, 2003.
A comparison of the roles of the constitutional courts in France and Russia today.
4,928 words (approx. 19.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 125.95
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Abstract
The nations of Russia and France have experienced particularly turbulent episodes in the evolution of their respective constitutions and constitutional courts. This paper examines the constitutional courts in these countries to determine how their respective roles have evolved, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"The current Russian constitution was adopted on December 12, 1993. Russia has a Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Superior Court of Arbitration; judges for all courts are appointed for life by the Federation Council on the recommendation of the president (Russia, 2002). The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation is the first judicial body of constitutional review in the history of Russia. The Court was created by the Fifth (extraordinary) Congress of Peoples' Deputies of the RSFSR on 30 October, 1991. The Court comprising 15 justices had been anticipated by the amendments to the 1978 Constitution and the Law "On the RSFSR Constitutional Court" adopted on the basis of the amendments to the Constitution. The Constitutional Court commenced its activities in December 1991. At that time the Congress had selected 13 justices leaving two vacancies."
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Moments in Canadian History, 2006.
This paper defines and discusses moments in Canadian history from 1900 onwards.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that there are three moments in Canada's history since 1900 which may be said to be defining moments. The writer then explains that these are the Statute of Westminster in 1931, the 1970 FLQ crisis, and the 1982 patriation of the Constitution. Further, the writer points out that these moments are significant for a number of reasons.
From the Paper
"In the case of the 1970 FLQ crisis, the fundamental acrimony of the French-English divide within Canada was exposed and so too were the extremist elements of the silent Revolution in Quebec Society. Finally, the 1982 Constitutional patriation upon which Pierre ... "
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Art Is A Piece of History, 2002.
Looks at art as history and how it is concerned with social and political events.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates art as history, as being concerned with particular social and political events. Picasso's Guernica constituted a major challenge not only to the Spanish Civil War, but to all forms of aggression.
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Laeken Declaration and the Constitutional Treaty, 2008.
An examination of the extent to which the Constitutional Treaty met the objectives set for it by the Laeken Declaration.
2,970 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the Laeken Declaration and the background for the creation of the Constitutional Treaty. The author discusses the content of the Treaty and the reasons for its rejection, and explains how it failed to provide solutions for two specific problems that were raised at Laeken. The author concludes that although the European States may not yet be ready to adopt a formal Constitution, the document has been ratified by more than half of the member states and the debate it has sparked is still ongoing.
Outline:
I. The Content of the Laeken Declaration and the Reasons for the Creation of the 'Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe' more Generally.
II. Critical Judgment on the Content of the 'Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe'.
From the Paper
"If the answer to the questions 'do we want a Constitution?' and 'do we need a Constitution?', or a formalisation of the existing functional, unwritten Constitution is yes, then the next logical questions are 'do we want this Constitution?' or 'do we need this Constitution?'. Apparently, the answer is no according to the French and Dutch people, but let us examine in more detail why two countries that have played a fundamental role in the development of the Union since its creation have rejected the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe."
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Constitutional Non-Compliance, 2004.
An analysis of how, during times of war, the United States government has been guilty of constitutional non-compliance.
1,731 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the violation of the Constitution of the United States, which is formally termed as ?non-compliance?, has been seen throughout the history of the United States and how, specifically, it has occurred during times of war during civil disturbances, with the use of extrajudicial force used to supercede the ordinary process of law. It looks at how one such instance occurred during the Civil War and how the violations, which have occurred during the ?War on Terrorism?, are some of the most blatant violations of constitutional ideals and principles ever witnessed.
Outline
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Preamble to the United States Constitution
Definitive of the Language in the Preamble
Historical Incidents of Non-Compliance
What Does the Constitution Say?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although it is understandable for some restrictions during war time in order to keep citizens safe and the country secure it is evident that since September 1, 2001, that the non-compliance to the Constitution which is evidenced by the implementation of the Homeland Security Act and the Patriot Act that the all inclusive powers of the government in spying on citizens is too broad of a scope of powers to be vested in a government of a democracy."
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Are Red Light Cameras Constitutional?, 2002.
This paper examines the constitutionality of the Red Light Camera Program. Although the Supreme Court found the program constitutional, the controversy continues.
1,974 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
Red Light Cameras snap photos of speeders and red-light runners but they are also used to check and monitor traffic on selected roadways. The writer shows that the use of these cameras is growing as are motorists' fears of being watched. The paper traces the controversy showing both sides of the case that is reminiscent of a futuristic novel.
From the Paper
"Red Light Cameras are new additions to a range of tools, which law enforcement officers use to catch motorists who run red lights at will. They snap photos of speeders and red light runners but they are also used to check and monitor traffic on selected roadways. Although they are fast becoming a favorite of traffic safety advocates, these techniques, if not conducted within set guidelines and communicated about effectively, can prompt strong negative reactions among a small but vocal minority who see them as "big brother" techniques designed to trample citizens' rights."
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Anti-Federalists and the Constitutional Debate, 2006.
A review of the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper
"In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
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United Kingdom Constitutional Reform, 2003.
This paper examines the constitutional reform debate in the U.K..
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 18 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the ongoing public debate in the UK (United Kingdom) on whether or not the UK needs a written constitution. The author explains the advantages and disadvantages. The paper considers other areas of constitutional reform including establishing of an independent judicial.
From the Paper
"...an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of a written constitution for the United Kingdom together with conclusions as the whether the United Kingdom should adopt a written constitution. = The current public debate concerning the need or ..."
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