| Papers [1-15] of 37 :: [Page 1 of 3] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 —> | Search results on "CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA": |
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Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, 2007.
An analysis of the conditions associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the arguments surrounding surgical intervention.
2,580 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). It begins by defining CAH and describing the developmental and physical conditions that are associated with the disorder. The paper then describes possible surgical interventions to correct any abnormalities and discusses the arguments for and against such procedures from a legal, ethical and social perspective.
Table of Contents:
Physical and Developmental
Medical and Surgical
Legal
Social, Psychological, Counseling
Ethical
From the Paper
"Some sectors have severely objected to reshaping the genitals of underage children and the ethics of genital surgery, calling it mutilation rather than mere circumcision, repair or corrective surgery (Glass 2004). They deplored all genital cutting of children, regardless of gender, religion and local custom and urged that the rights of women and intersex people be protected. It was not just the ethics but the effectiveness of the surgical procedure, which has been questioned. Little data could neither support the adequacy of such a procedure, according to Dr. Cathy Minto of the University College London Hospitals (Johnson 2001). Her team studied 44 teen girls who underwent reconstructive genital surgery in childhood and found that 43 required further intervention for function or cosmetic purposes. Since the late 70s, female CAH infants have been subjected to surgery to feminize them by reducing the size of their clitoris in order to normalize the appearance of their genitalia. Dr. Sarah Creighton, a gynecologist consultant at the hospital questioned the need for the surgery before puberty when small girls do not use vaginas. She believed that clitoral surgery should be postponed when the girl is older and can think about the issue herself (Johnson). As things stood, clitoral surgery deprived the patient of the capacity for orgasm."
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Human Congenital Cytomegalovirus, 2004.
This paper discusses human congenital cytomegalovirus in newborns, which ultimately causes hearing loss.
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that congenital cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of hearing loss, generally sensorineural hearing loss,and brain damage in children. The author points out that nearly half of the infants born with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection develop a hearing loss; but this hearing loss does not develop until later (late-onset hearing loss), which suggests that babies born with congenital cytomegalovirus should have their hearing consistently monitored. This paper relates that, as yet, there is no vaccine against human cytomegalovirus, but there are methods of management and treatment, which prevent infection and reactivation of infection or suppress and preempt current infection.
From the Paper
"Human congenital cytomegalovirus is the most common intrauterine infection and can be present in three forms; latent, non-productive yet asymptomatic, or productive and symptomatic. Cytomegalovirus is also the largest member of the herpes virus family. This is because it is common for hearing loss and other symptoms of the virus to occur later in life after infancy, as the virus is a member of the betaherpesviridae family where slow growth of the virus is common. Ninety-five percent of infants born with the Cytomegalovirus infection appear normal. It can infect both humans and animals. This virus can be transmitted through oropharyngeal secretions, urine, cervical and vaginal secretions, spermatic fluids, breast milk and blood, and is usually transmitted to a fetus by transplacental means. The studies mentioned in this paper focus strictly on human congenital cytomegalovirus."
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Congenital Brain Defects, 2002.
An overview of congenital brain defects which affect the normal development of the human brain.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the topic of congenital brain defects, a group of disorders of brain development.
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Congenital Disorders, 2006.
A study of the causes of congenital disorders and the attitudes of society.
1,131 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a brief look at what a congenital abnormality is, the different types such as dwarfism and cleft lip and then discusses the various causes behind these disorders such as genetics, medication and drugs.
From the Paper
"There are many types of congenital disorders, for example: dwarfism, conjoined twins, deformed or missing limbs, misshapen body parts etc. The cleft lip deformity is the most common congenital deformity seen in the United States. Some of these deformities can be rectified by undergoing a series of plastic surgeries and intensive physical therapy. On average, a person born with a cleft lip needs to undergo approximately 7 operations on their lip over a wide period of time. It is always important for a baby born with a physical deformity to have a thorough evaluation from a dysmorphologist (someone who specializes in genetic related disorders) and a pediatrician familiar with congenital disorders. Most babies are born healthy. "
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Congenital Short Stature, 2002.
Presents an overview of this disease which affects the normal growth of a child.
1,556 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
Short Stature is defined as the condition of children with a height that is equal to or greater than 3 standard deviations (SD) below the mean height for age. This paper focuses on the congenital type of the disease. The papers discusses signs and symptoms of congenital short stature before moving on to the origins and causes of the disease. Some of the causes discussed are normal variants, endocrine and non-endocrine. Finally, the paper discusses treatment and intervention for a twelve-year old patient.
From the Paper
"Taking for example the treatment with growth hormone therapy, it has been found that the therapy involves injecting growth hormones to the patient. Derived from DNA recombinant technology, the growth hormones have been found to be most effective when administered on a daily basis, rather than with gaps in between injections. Hence, the ideal condition would be to administer injections on a daily basis, and families and care takers must ensure that the patient is injected everyday. The growth hormone therapy, though found to be effective, also has side effects that are often associated with the doses of the hormones. Excessive amounts of growth hormones can bring about diabetic type symptoms with increased blood sugar levels. Other probable side effects noted include excessive growth of soft tissues of the body, including heart muscles leading to the development of heart disease. (Fennoy, 2003)"
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Congenital Hypothyroidism, 1999.
Examines causes, function of the thyroid, effects, diagnosis, testing, treatment and research.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 11 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
The thyroid is a small gland that lies just under the skin below the Adam's apple in the neck. Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland cannot produce adequate amounts of thyroid hormone. This paper will look at congenital hypothyroidism - the form of hypothyroidism present at birth
From the Paper
"The thyroid is a small gland that lies just under the skin below the Adam's apple in the neck. Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland cannot produce adequate amounts of thyroid hormone. This paper will look at congenital hypothyroidism - the form of hypothyroidism present at birth.
The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones which control the speed at which the body's chemical functions proceed. Thyroid hormones control the metabolic rate by stimulating almost every tissue in the body to produce proteins, and by increasing the amount of oxygen that cells use. The thyroid gland needs iodine to function correctly, and this is obtained from the diet. Thyroid hormone production is controlled by a feedback mechanism via the pituitary gland (Berkow, Beers & Fletcher, 1997). First the hypothalamus, located in the brain just above ..."
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Teratogens and Pregnancy, 2002.
A scientific discussion of theexternal factors that might affect pregnancy and foster congenital birth defects in newborns.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 13 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
Scientific discussion of external factors that might affect pregnancy and foster congenital birth defects in newborns. Prenatal development. Effect of pharmaceuticals, legal chemical substances, alcohol, narcotics & tobacco use by women on pregnancy. Effect of absence of essential nutrients such as Zinc. Cites several other causes of congenital birth defects. Variables. Problem of serious diseases of pregnant women & necessary drugs.
From the Paper
"This research examines the phenomenon of teratogens, or factors external to the physical experience of pregnancy, during the period of gestation, which may affect pregnancy outcomes by fostering congenital birth defects in newborns. The research will set forth the clinical context in which teratogenic agents achieve relevance for the course of pregnancy in the modern period, and then discuss the impact that concern about teratogens may have on efficient and prudent pregnancy management.
On the face of things, the generally accepted definition of a teratogen would appear to be straightforwardly informative. Mosby's initially defines a teratogen as "any substance, agent, or process that interferes with normal prenatal development, causing the formation of one or more developmental abnormalities in the fetus" (Teratogen, 1998, p. 89). However, amplification of the..."
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Courageous or Not?, 2006.
An examination of the life of Kyle Maynard, born a congenital amputee.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines the life of Kyle Maynard who was born a congenital amputee. The author looks at the courage that Maynard faced despite adversity at every stage. Maynard did not let the fact that he was different from other kids get in the way of his sporting achievements and he became a top wrestler. The author relates many aspects of Maynard's life as a definition of courage as he sees it. In particular he looks at how Maynard forced himself to play football as a child and wrestled despite the glaring differences to other children. The author clearly believes that Maynard is not a disabled man because disabled people have limitations that prevent them from completing routine functions, but Maynard does not fail to complete anything. He believes that Maynard is an innovator. A man that has found the courage to face fear, and develop new ways to accomplish the same challenges as any other person, with his own unique approach. The author concludes with his belief that Maynard is the epitome of what courage stands for.
From the Paper
"Kyle is courageous, but not because he participated in football and wrestling. Thousands of people play sports every year. Certainly there is inherent pressure, but that alone does not make one courageous. What makes Kyle courageous is that he played both sports in the face of cynicism from outside forces. Despite his obvious and glaring physical shortcomings, he went out and performed at a high level. That despite the fact that he could not walk, run or throw, he played football, a sport that cherishes those very abilities. That in the face of a seventeen match losing streak, he found his way to the mat for that eighteenth match, and somewhere inside himself overcame his disability, to prove that in fact he had no disability."
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Cystic Fibrosis, 2002.
Discusses this congenital disease within the context of the book "Cystic Fibrosis: The Facts" by Ann Harris and Maurice Super.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
"Cystic Fibrosis: The Facts" is a comprehensive, informative and well-written book about the disease and its treatments. The paper explains how authors, Ann Harris and Maurice Super address the book to a general audience, making the book extremely accessible to laypeople. The paper first discusses the book, chapter by chapter and then provides an overview of this congenital disease that mainly affects the digestive and respiratory systems. The paper discusses the causes, symptoms and treatment of the disease, using Harris and Super's book as a reference.
From the Paper
"Newborn babies diagnosed with cystic fibrosis exhibit meconium ileus, a blockage of the lower intestine that causes abdominal swelling and bilious vomit. Surgery is necessary to correct meconium ileus. Children past the newborn stage who have cystic fibrosis will have symptoms like abdominal distension, loose and malodorous stool, and rectal prolapse. All these problems are associated with an improper functioning of the small intestine. In some cases, children with cystic fibrosis will develop a mild form of diabetes. In about 10% of cystic fibrosis cases, no gastrointestinal symptoms will be present. However, GI symptoms are usually detected far before respiratory ones are. The sweat glands are also affected by cystic fibrosis, as the disease causes increased electrolyte presence in the sweat. In fact, using sweat as a diagnostic measure is one of the safest and most reliable tests for cystic fibrosis."
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Hip Dysplasia in Children and Infants, 2004.
A discussion of the nursing care and considerations of the child with congenital or developmental hip dysplasia.
1,622 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the topic of hip dysplasia in children. Hip dysplasia occurs quite commonly in infants and children all over the world. In particular, it looks at how there are some special considerations nurses should use when caring for these patients, including recognizing the early symptoms of hip dysplasia in infants and children and fully understanding the treatment necessary to help the family cope with the disease. Treating and diagnosing children is often much more difficult than diagnosing and treating older patients who can communicate more effectively, so the nurse must be patient, cognizant, and highly aware of the disease, its indicators, and its treatment.
From the Paper
"There are many important considerations for nurses to remember when caring for these young patients. First, many of the infants are so young they cannot talk, so they cannot let caregivers know what hurts. Patience is probably one of the key factors in treating and caring for these young patients, because they do not understand what is happening, or the treatment, which can often be painful when placed in a splint, brace, or cast. The most common form of treatment in early diagnosis is the Pavlik Harness, which children may have to wear for six weeks, and then another six weeks on-and-off to correct the alignment of the hips. The harness creates several treatment and care difficulties, as do casts and splints. Clothing, car seats and high chairs, and especially diapering and bathing must be adjusted when children are treated with these items. Nursing professionals can help parents with these difficulties by understanding the importance of leaving the Pavlik Harness in place during bathing, dressing, and diapering."
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Fetal Echocardiography, 2003.
Discusses its use in detecting congenital heart disease.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Describes the test, how it works and what is can detect. Examines studies conducted on fetal echocardiography in determining any abnormalities. Describes this as an important diagnostic tool for predicting cardiac and chromosomal abnormalities.
From the Paper
"Echocardiography uses sound waves to examine the size, shape, and motion of various structures within the heart, and is used to diagnose abnormalities of the heart valves and to assess cardiac function. It is a noninvasive test in which a microphone-like..."
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Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return, 2002.
A discussion on the diagnosis, symptoms and treatment of 'total anomalous pulmonary venous return' a congenital heart defect.
1,480 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how physicians can screen for the cardiac defect 'total anomalous pulmonary venous return'. It examines the research of treating the problem and it suggests managing the disease through teamwork with a pediatric cardiologist, a cardiac surgeon and neonatologist.
From the Paper
"Total anomalous pulmonary venous return is a congenital heart defect. Caused by the abnormal development of a fetus's heart during the first eight weeks of pregnancy, the vessels that feed blood that has traveled back from the heart to the lungs are improperly connected. During the middle of this fetal development period, the tricuspid valve does not develop properly - ventricular development is influenced by blood flowing through it, and since no blood is able to pass through the tricuspid valve, the right ventricle remains small.In a normal heart, oxygen-poor, or blue, blood returns to the right atrium after it has circulated through the body, travels to the right ventricle and then is pumped through the pulmonary artery into the lungs where it is enriched with oxygen. That oxygen-rich, or red, blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs through four pulmonary veins. It then passes into the left ventricle and is then pumped back out for circulation throughout the body."
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Young Adults and Heart Disease, 2008.
An overview of the risk factors that contribute to heart disease with specific relation to the younger population group.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the subject of heart disease in young adults, with information for young adults to assist them with their understanding of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The paper comments that many young adults consider heart disease as an old person's disease. The paper also notes that young adults may become more aware that individuals of all ages, even their age, can have CVD. The paper provides the strategies presented to combat heart disease. Charts, tables, and a flow chart are included with the paper.
Outline:
More than Knowing Something
Research Considerations
Current and Projected Concerns
Strategies to Address Concerns
The Causes and Cures Contributed to Heart Disease
Programs Can...
New Considerations
Coffee... Tea... Vitamin C Claims
Steps to Prevent and Reverse Heart Disease
Congenital and Chronic Disease Concerns
Hope for Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Most Likely - Yet Less Likely
Tomorrow's Time Bomb Question?
Can Heart Disease be Prevented?
Do The Right Thing
Unlearning Risk Factors
From the Paper
"What is currently known about heart disease, as the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, because young adults are "increasingly adopting unhealthy lifestyles," (Reinhardt), resulting increasing consequences of those lifestyle choices also increase. Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) ranks as the leading cause of death globally, reportedly contributing to one third of all deaths each year. "The Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke, published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in conjunction with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), was launched on 26 September 2004 to coincide with the fifth annual World Heart Day, a major driving force for encouraging heart disease and stroke prevention worldwide."
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Congestive Heart Failure.
This paper discusses congestive heart failure, a condition that primarily affects the elderly, but can affect younger people.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in congestive heart failure, the blood flow, which normally comes from the heart, is slowed down; therefore, the blood, which is coming through the veins and returning to the heart, often backs up, causing swelling in various tissues and in the lungs; this is a serious problem. The author points out that there are genetic and congenital risk factors for congestive heart failure, and not all of them can be controlled. Other factors, such as quitting smoking, getting blood pressure and diabetes under control, losing weight, and watching one's diet, can be controlled, however. The paper relates that nursing care can help patients deal with their condition, especially in the areas of their greatest concern, which include activity, lack of knowledge about the condition, and pain management.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Disease Condition
Treatment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are many different instruments and other medical tactics used to diagnose congestive heart failure. Obtaining a complete and thorough clinical history for the patient is the first step towards this diagnosis. Once this has been completed, the patient is usually placed in a classification based on how severe their suspected congestive heart failure is and what they can and cannot do on a normal basis. A complete physical is also performed. Being able to diagnose congestive heart failure in someone who is elderly is sometimes difficult because anorexia, anxiety, and other seemingly odd problems that are considered to be atypical of congestive heart failure are the things that are seen most often in this age group."
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Homeostasis, 2008.
A detailed presentation of homeostasis, a dynamic process in the human body that balances fluids and electrolytes.
3,295 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that disorders of homeostasis, fluid, and electrolyte balance occur in every setting, with every disorder, and with a variety of changes that affect healthy people. The paper also describes body fluids and electrolytes and the process of regulation of body fluid through osmosis. In addition, the paper discusses issues of homeostasis in the kidneys, skin, lungs, and the gastrointestinal tract.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Body Fluids
Electrolytes
Regulation of Body Fluid Through Osmosis
Diffusion
Diffusion
Filtration
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Electrolyte Balance
Kidneys
Skin
Lungs
Gastrointestinal Tract
Laboratory Tests for Evaluating Fluid Status:
Osmolality
Osmolarity
Homeostatic Mechanisms
Kidney Functions
Heart and Blood Vessel Functions
Lung Functions
Pituitary Functions
Adrenal Functions
Parathyroid Functions
Baroreceptors
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Antidiuretic Hormone and Thirst
Osmoreceptors
From the Paper
"The hypothalamus manufactures ADH, which is stored in the posterior pituitary gland and released as needed. ADH is sometimes called the water-conserving hormone because it causes the body to retain water. Functions of ADH include maintaining the osmotic pressure of the cells by controlling the retention or excretion of water by the kidneys and by regulating blood volume.
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