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Conflict of Abortion, 2003.
A history of the conflict and controversy that abortion has caused over the past century.
1,997 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of social and legal attitudes towards abortion. It mentions the history of medical advances in determining the effects of abortion of the fetus and also discusses famous cases, such as "Roe vs. Wade".
From the Paper
"The conflict of abortion has been a topic in the American political life since the states were still under British common law. Under this law, abortion was allowed until the point in a pregnancy when the mother perceives fetal movement, also known as the point of ?quickening.? Abortion before this point was socially acceptable, until a movement in the nineteenth century by physicians to outlaw abortion. The purpose of this movement was to drive out the doctors who were most likely to perform abortions. The alliance of the ?positive? doctors later formed the American medical Association (AMA) in 1847. The power of the AMA and its members led to abortion being outlawed in every state in the nation by the year 1900. (Staggenborg 3)"
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Abortion in America: Two Sides of a Simmering Conflict, 2007.
A discussion of the argument between the pro-choice and pro-life supporters in America.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the long-debated issue of abortion and explores how the controversy has been portrayed in the mainstream media. The paper highlights one instance wherein Ronald Reagan (a champion of anti-abortion conservatives) is turned into a metaphor for moral hypocrisy - thereby, by extension, tainting his followers as such. The paper also looks at how the bias in the media and the portrayal of both sides is surprisingly fair, but when "emotional" language or prejudicial, "loaded" phrases are used, it tends to be in favor of pro-abortion activists and in opposition to anti-abortion crusaders.
From the Paper
"The argument between the pro-choice and pro-life crowds appears to be essentially one over whether or not a woman has complete domain over the reproductive process (from start to finish) or whether a fetus deserves to be treated as a full-fledged human being with the same right to be secure from bodily injury and death. The parties involved, as one would expect, divide (almost without exception) between conservatives on one side and liberals on the other; it may also be said that those who are religious (such as Christians) are considerably more opposed to abortion than those who are secular in their orientation."
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The Issue of Abortion and Abortion Law, 2001.
This paper examines the issues of abortion and abortion law
6,015 words (approx. 24.1 pages), 20 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper examines various aspects of abortion and abortion law such as social and ethical concerns as well as the law, and more specifically concerned to that of women's rights.
From the paper:
"While medical science is making abortion much safer for the woman, the debates and the legal battles continue unabated. In the United States, the battles rage in the courts, the Congress and state legislatures. There have even been violent confrontations in the clinics where abortions are performed. There are people in favor of giving the woman the right to abort, and people who are not prepared to allow abortion except when it puts the life of the mother in danger. In between these two extreme positions, we have people taking intermediate positions."
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Abortion and Interest Groups, 2005.
Examines the roles of the pro-life, pro-choice and morally conflicted groups on the abortion issue.
3,644 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
Abortion is one of the most hotly contested issues in the history of the United States. There are three primary sides to the issue of abortion - the pro-life, pro-choice and morally conflicted. This paper focuses primarily on the different interest groups, their views and approaches to changing abortion laws throughout the nation. In exploring these primary issues, the paper inevitably explores each of the three belief structures regarding abortion.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
The Pro-Life Interest Groups
Pro-Choice Interest Groups and Tactics
Roe vs. Wade
Interest Groups Using the Law
Illegal Methods
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The court, in making its decision applied the legal standard known as strict scrutiny to come to this decision. This is the most stringent test that a government can face, and means that a woman's right to chose what to do with her own body can only be regulated by government if that government first passes "strict scrutiny".34 To pass strict scrutiny, a woman's right must be outweighed in a legal balancing test by the state showing that they have a "compelling interest", and that the compelling interest is achieved by a narrowly tailored law that does not infringe upon the woman's right to chose any more that is absolutely necessary to achieve the state's goals.35 Because this test is so hard, it almost always means that laws that challenge a woman's right to chose will be struck down, thus the only way for Pro-lifers to get their way and eventually defeat the right to chose is for them to make sure that Roe v. Wade is challenged and defeated."
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Moral Complexity in Abortion, 2003.
This papers analyzes the philosophical issues and moral conflicts that arise from abortions performed on victims of rape.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This papers looks at the moral complexities of abortion when performed on a woman rape victim. The paper examines how these complexities lead to conflicts -- within the individual, between doctors and patients, and within the wider medical community.
From the Paper
"Without fail the issue of abortion elicits passionate reactions from virtually everyone who discusses it due the emotional personal nature of the subject. The philosophical questions that such a topic raises often strike at the very heart of one's religious..."
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Post-Abortion, 2005.
This paper discusses abortion, especially the post abortion period, from the aspects of the Christian church.
2,035 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the view of the church, abortion is possibly one of the most vivid instances of a circumstance where something is legitimate in this contemporary period but is viewed as committing a sin against God. The author points out that the Church declares that the victims of abortion are both the woman and her child because the demise of a child is one of the severest moments of strain a person can bear in life; therefore post-abortion syndrome is the emotional trauma of not lamenting and not allowing oneself to experience the agony and suffering that goes with the bereavement. The paper states that the Law of God divulges the sin of both partners and they feel at fault and immense grief, the church controls individuals who persistently experience the saddle of the sin of abortion by repeatedly indicating them to the cross of their Lord Jesus.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Church on Abortion
Church on Psychological and Physical Post-Abortion Sequelae
Conclusion
From the Paper
"However, in case of some women, the strain post-abortion is linked with eating problems like overindulgence in eating, bulimia, and anorexia nervosa. Abortion is connected with greater depression, aggressive conduct, alcohol and drug abuse, and surrogate pregnancies, and lower maternal linkage with children who are born thereafter. These causes are strongly linked with child abuse and will seem to corroborate stray clinical evaluations connecting post-abortion pain with subsequent child abuse. It has been seen that post-abortion couples have increased chances of divorcing or undergoing separation. Several post-abortion women develop an increased problem forming long-term relationships with a male partner."
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The Ethics of Abortion, 2006.
An analysis of the ethical and moral arguments for and against abortion.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the ethical conflicts surrounding abortion. The paper begins with an overview of ethics concepts, including beneficence, justice and autonomy. After explaining each of these terms, the paper attempts to apply them to the question of abortion. The author begins with the pro-life position, detailing how these three principles relate to the unborn child. Next the author applies the same principles to the rights of the mother to make decisions regarding her own body. The author concludes that both the pro-life and pro-choice factions have compelling ethical arguments on their side.
Outline
Introduction
Ethics Principles
Ethics Principles and Promotion of the Pro-Life Position
Ethics Principles and the Promotion of the Pro-Choice Position
Analysis and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The principle of beneficence certainly does not support abortion. The requirement for nonmaleficence is violated when a fetus is aborted, as harm is intentionally being inflicted on an innocent human being. Abortions do not in any way promote the values of goodness, kindness, and charity. And, although the mother may feel that she is benefiting from the abortion, she may well be inflicting physical and mental harm on herself. Likewise, the principle of justice is violated by abortion. When a mother conceives, she owes life to her baby. In aborting her fetus, a mother is not treating her baby in accordance with what is fair, due, or owed. Fairness would dictate that a mother give her baby a chance at life. She owes, and her baby is due, no less. She can always place the baby for adoption if she does not want it."
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The Ethics of Abortion, 2007.
A comparison of the arguments of Judith Thomson in "A Defense of Abortion," with those of Don Marquis in "Why Abortion is Immoral".
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the respective arguments of Judith Thomson in "A Defense of Abortion," with those of Don Marquis in "Why Abortion is Immoral." The paper argues that while the two approaches to the question of abortion are distinct in their fundamental assumptions, in general both arguments are based on the same methodological premise that the complex ethical issues surrounding abortion can be understood through what may be termed a "property-rights" approach. The paper concludes that Marquis' argument is marginally stronger than Thomson's in this regard.
From the Paper
"Thomson's analogy that for a mother to be compelled to carry a person she does not want for nine months - with the possibility of years of support following - is analogous to someone using one's property without permission is clearly very strong. It suggests that the self-defense argument is particularly strong, to the point of being almost unchallengeable. After all, if we defend the right of a person to defend his own life to the point of killing another if necessary, then why cannot the same rule apply to a mother. More broadly, why should a mother be forced to allow another person use of their property should they not wish this? In contrast, Marquis seems to emphasize the value of the property in this analysis. For the mother to terminate a fetus would be, in effect, the elimination of decades of life-value for the unborn fetus."
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| Term Paper # 92054 |
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| Term Paper # 23242 |
temporarily unavailable
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Abortion and Ethics, 2007.
This paper discusses both sides of the abortion debate.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the underlying ethical arguments of both sides of the abortion debate, using Ronald Dworkin's "sanctity of life" principles. In this article, the writer includes all forms of abortion, from early fetal abortion through the RU46 drug to late-term abortions, from abortions out of "convenience" to abortions in cases of rape and incest. The essay evaluates how the anti-abortion crusade has framed its campaign on the personhood and the rights of the unborn fetus. The second part looks at the pro-abortion movement, which has framed its issue as a campaign for women's rights to privacy and reproductive freedom. The writer concludes that both pro- and anti-abortion factions have a common interest in seeing a society with no abortion, where the stigma and economic concerns attached to unwanted pregnancies no longer apply.
Outline:
Abortion and Ethics
Anti-Abortion Arguments
Pro-Abortion Arguments
Works Cited
From the Paper
"All these scientific arguments about fetal heart rates and brainwaves serve to tie abortion to a greater and more clear-cut moral issue - murder. At issue is what Ronald Dworkin terms people's belief in "the sanctity of life," a multidimensional value measured in several factors. First, life itself has an instrumental value, because everyone's life can contribute to the interests and well being of society as a whole. Second, life has a personal value, a good or personal worth to the living individual. Finally, beyond the instrumental and personal, life also has an intrinsic value. This intrinsic value exists independently of other people's valuation, regardless of the beliefs of its possessor or other observers."
"By proving that a fetus has a heartbeat, distinct DNA and brainwaves, through graphic films showing how a fetus reacts to shock and pain, the anti-abortion camp is focusing on what Dworkin identifies as the intrinsic value of life."
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Abortion, 2003.
An overview of abortion, followed by a discussion of abortion in the U.S., France and China.
1,269 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issues concerning abortion including the stance of pro-life and pro-choice supporters. It looks at the debate over whether induced abortions should be permitted, encouraged, or severely repressed and how it has been a social issue that has divided theologians, philosophers and legislators for centuries. It analyzes the laws, practices and attitudes towards abortion in three different cultures, in the U.S., France and China.
From the Paper
"The debate over abortion in the United States has largely been a focus on the morality of the practice; in many developing nations of the world, though, the debate centers on the mother?s right to survive in a harsh environment herself. For instance, the United Nations Population Fund reported in 2000 that worldwide, 350 million couples do not have access to safe and effective contraceptive methods, and millions of couples lack even the most basic information about birth control. That report stated that about 175 million unwanted pregnancies occur each year, about 20 percent of those end up in unsafe abortions, and more than half a million women per year die as a consequence (The Global War for Public Health, 2002, p. 24)."
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The Abortion Clinic Shootings, 2002.
An analysis of the article "The Abortion Clinic Shootings: Why?" by Randall Terry discussing the underlying reasons behind people being shot at abortion clinics.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper explains Terry's views that "Abortion is Murder" and how he sympathizes with the lawless anti-abortion activists. The paper details the author's suggestions for reducing violence against abortion providers and his assertion that abortion should be outlawed. The paper then explains both the pro-abortion and anti-abortion arguments and analyzes the article. The paper explains that Terry's article is an example of a "blame the victim" strategy, for he finds those who are the target of violence to be at fault for what happens to them. The paper shows how the author's stance is anti-democratic.
From the Paper
"Terry's logic in effect gives those who commit violence precisely what they want. They commit violence to end abortions, and Terry would stop the violence by ending abortions. It is clear that he sympathizes fully with those who commit violence even though at one point he does give lip-service to some criticism of them as taking the law into their own hands. Yet, his argument suggests that he does not believe this and that he believes the law is simply wrong. He points to the law allowing abortions as wrong and so as a law that should be thwarted, and he points to the law enforcement community as supporting an unjust law and so as a force that can also be opposed."
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Women's Abortion Attitudes & The Female Dependency Thesis, 1994.
Analyzes survey research to determine if women's abortion attitudes are embedded within conflicting definitions including family, sexuality, & motherhood, & by societal relationships with family, church, & work. Includes 4 pages of statistical tables.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"I. Introduction
Among the most divisive issues in America today is the issue of abortion. If one were to judge by news coverage alone, one would assume that the nation is divided into two camps, pro-abortion and anti-abortion (the terms "pro-abortion" and "anti-abortion" will be used here, rather than the misleading terms of "pro-choice" and "pro-life"). In fact, these two camps represent only the extremes of the argument, and the great majority of opinion lies somewhere in the middle, with a wide spectrum of opinion favoring at the same time both some restrictions on the procedure and some acceptance of it (Babbie & Halley, 1994; pp. 49-51).
In recent years, some researchers have come to see abortion as merely a sub-issue contained within the wider issues of gender.."
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Abortion Is Not a Legal Issue, 2006.
This paper focuses strictly on the physical standpoint of abortion, as opposed to the moral and legal aspects, in which the writer proves why abortion should not be allowed to exist.
1,830 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper does not dwell on the moral, religious or legal platform of abortion, yet focuses on the debatable issue from a strictly physical standpoint. This paper defines abortion as the knowing destruction of the life of an unborn child or the intentional expulsion or removal of an unborn child from the womb. This paper discusses the pros and cons regarding the availability of the RU-486 abortion pill as well as other abortion procedures. The RU-486 pill, which can be used within the first eight weeks of pregnancy, is a milestone to the abortion coalition. This paper examines the argument surrounding the viability of an unborn fetus in which the generally accepted rule for viability is around 28 weeks.
From the Paper
"Cases have been reported of babies born four months premature, and weighing only one pound, nine ounces, surviving. If the abortion advocates could see what was being murdered they may not take it so lightly. For example, Cheryl Kondroski was 21 weeks pregnant when it was discovered that her baby had a very serious heart problem. After further testing showed that there was absolutely no chance of the baby even surviving the pregnancy, the decision was made to terminate the pregnancy. Labor was induced, and the little boy was born. Cheryl and the father were allowed to hold the baby. He was approximately 8 ? inches long and weighed a little over 1? pounds. Cheryl said, "His ears were still glued to his head. His eyes were shut, but his mouth was open. Everything, even fingernails and hair on his face, was there." Can anyone see this experience and still say that because this child could not survive on its own it was not a real child? Absolutely not."
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