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Complementary Studies Between Historians and Scientists, 2002. Proposes that scientists would benefit from the study of history and historians would benefit from the study of science. 900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95 »
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Abstract Scientists and historians might seem to encompass two separate professional worlds, but they really complement each other in many ways. By studying history, scientists can learn more about how we arrived where we did, and historians, by studying science, can learn more about science's contributions to what made us what we are.
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Female Historians, 2006. This paper examines impact of female historians in a field that was, at one time, primarily dominated by men. 1,226 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 41.95 »
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Abstract The writer of this paper discusses the lack of females in the field of American history, up until the 1960s. This paper cites various male historians such as Arthur Schlesinger who stated that historians' silence about women made it seem that half of the U.S. population had not had any impact whatsoever on the country's history. It was in the 1930s when Schlesinger made his statement, a time that had been slanted by male historians. The writer contends and explains that, although there were a number of women during this time that impacted the social, economic and political happenings in the country, they had not been discussed in most history books. This paper examines the events, in the 1960s, that led to the emergence of women who finally took to writing about historical events. This paper also delves into the accomplishments of various female historians, such as Lucy Maynard Salmon, whose work wasn't appreciated till long after her death.
From the Paper "There were women writing about this period. However, their work was hardly acknowledged. Woloch notes that several middle-class women, such as Elizabeth Butler and Mary Van Kleeck, "conducted scholarly inquiries into conditions of women's wage earning in various industries." Also, Vassar historian Lucy Maynard Salmon extensively questioned servants and employers for a major study of domestic employment. Such women gained a much better idea of the women's involvement in the labor movement than many of their male counterparts because they worked undercover to learn what was occurring in the real world. Kleeck studied New York City's female factory workers and child laborers. For decades she served as director of the Russell Sage Foundation's department of industrial studies, where her work helped bring about legislative reform by providing valuable information on the conditions in various trades."
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Blaut?s ?Eight Eurocentric Historians?, 2002. This paper is a review of James M. Blaut?s, ?Eight Eurocentric Historians?, the second installment in a trilogy on Eurocentrism. 1,210 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, $ 41.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the book, ?Eight Eurocentric Historians?: Max Weber, Lynn White, Jr., Robert Brenner, Eric L. Jones, Michael Mann, John A. Hall, Jared Diamond, and David Landes. This paper describes the book?s thesis that challenges the concept of European diffusionism, the belief that the rise of Europe to modernity and world dominance is due to some unique European quality of race, environment, culture, mind or spirit and that progress for the rest of the world results from the diffusion of European civilization. The paper author states that the role of each of these eight historians in generating colonialist understandings of history is not only proven to be extinct but also to be based on fallacious assumptions.
From the Paper "The book first defines the eurocentric diffusionist model of the world as one that invents a permanent world core, an "Inside", in which cultural evolution is natural and continuous, and a permanent periphery, an "Outside", in which cultural evolution is mainly an effect of the diffusion of ideas, commodities, settlers and political control from the core. The ethno history of the doctrine is traced from its 16th-century origins, through its efflorescence in the period of classical colonialism, to its present form in theories of economic development, modernization and new world order. Blaut demonstrates that most "Western" scholarship is to some extent diffusionist and based implicitly on the idea that the world has one permanent center from which culture-changing ideas tend to emanate. Eurocentric diffusionism has shaped our attitudes concerning race and the environment, psychology and society, technology and politics."
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in Public Health, 2008. A review of the concerns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in public health. 1,668 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 54.95 »
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Abstract The paper explains that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) describes an array of healing modalities whose time for serious consideration and integration into the present healthcare system may have arrived. The paper states that homeopathy is the most controversial form of CAM and discusses the biases claiming that homeopathy treatment is an an implausible treatment, but affirms that homeopathy is an important topic for public health. This is due to the affordability, accessibility and efficacy of homeopathic remedies.
Outline:
The Perception of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Conventional Medicine
Homeopathy: Medicine of the past and the future
Implications for CAM in Public Health
From the Paper "It is possible that unfounded accusations of quackery and the like are but a smokescreen that has been thrown up to blur certain facts about CAM's increased appeal. It is also possible that conventional health practitioners and the pharmaceutical industry are striving to monopolize treatment in the US. It is more likely however, that evidence-based research, which has become the pinnacle of standards for excellence in testing the efficacy and safety of treatment with drugs, is an improper testing method for CAM (Novella et al., 2007). CAM uses few, if any pharmaceutical treatments, and should be held to appropriate contextual standards for what CAM in general, and each therapy in particular, claims. Homeopathy, for example, displays effects that are vastly different than the action of drugs, and requires fundamentally different protocols from which to study and gather evidence."
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HIV/AIDS and Complementary Nutritional Therapies, 2007. A dissertation on the implications and recommendations for using complementary natural therapies in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. 20,383 words (approx. 81.5 pages), 39 sources, MLA, $ 249.95 »
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Abstract This paper looks at the problem of HIV/AIDS and the issue of complementary nutritional therapies that can be used to slow its progression and boost the immune system of HIV/AIDS patients. The paper also discusses the implications of utilizing these therapies and gives recommendations how to implement complementary nutritional therapies for HIV/AIDS. The paper discusses these treatments and also looks at how HIV/AIDS symptoms can be affected by proper nutrition and nutritional therapies and what kind of prevalence is noted with reduction of symptoms of HIV/AIDS when proper nutrition and nutritional therapies are employed.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1 - Introduction to the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Background
Research Question
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms
Summary
Chapter 2 -- Review of Related Literature and Research
Introduction
Literature Review
Summary
Chapter 3 -- Results and Findings
Introduction
Analysis of Data
Findings
Summary
Chapter 4 -- Conclusions, Implications, and Recommendations for Further Research
Conclusions and Implications
Summary
From the Paper "Although it would appear that the government in general is doing little to help communities from being completely decimated by the HIV/AIDS virus, there are some HIV/AIDS prevention measures that are being undertaken by some areas of the government that may apply to many individuals. In general, however, most of the information given is not culture specific and therefore will not apply well to some individuals and their cultural beliefs and feelings. The government is also lacking in getting the message out regarding what should be done once the virus is contracted and there has been almost nothing from the government regarding complementary nutritional therapies. Some of this information is important here, however, because it indicates what makes an HIV/AIDS program successful and may be helpful to educators in the future as they work toward finding various ways to get the treatment information out there to more people."
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Complementary Alternative Medicine, 2004. An overview of complementary alternative medicine (CAM), its evolution and use. 2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 79.95 »
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Abstract This paper discuses the evolution and use of complementary alternative medicine (CAM) and its growing acceptance worldwide, including the United States. The paper also explains the reasons for CAM's growing popularity as an alternative to conventional medicine and sites several studies on the topic.
From the Paper "Complementary alternative medicine is popular throughout the industrialized world and its use is increasing in the United States. Herbal medicine, massage, mega vitamins, self-help groups, folk remedies, energy healing, and homeopathy, were the therapies that increased the most."
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Greek Historians, 2002. An analysis of the works of three Greek historians, Herodotus, Thucydides, and Polybius. 1,819 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 58.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the works of Herodotus, Thucydides, and Polybius, which were all based fundamentally in the historical circumstances in which they were written. The paper examines the aims, methods, outlooks, and approaches of these three writers, in addition to the historical context of their writings. The paper iilustrates how the ideas represented in these historians' works differed significantly, reflecting their individual historical circumstances.
From the Paper "Herodotus is often referred to as the father of history. However, Herodotus' telling of history differs significantly from many modern tales in that it is not chronologically ordered. Further, Herodotus' famous work, The Histories, contains many tall tales, a technique not seen in modern history books. Herodotus wrote The Histories after the Persian war in which the Greek states fought with the mighty Persian Empire (Luraghi). Herodotus wrote The Histories without the aid of any written sources (Romm)."
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Newspapers as Sources for Historians, 2000. This paper provides an analysis of several themes found in the newspapers of the time of World War II on December 15 1941, and how they were used by historians. 2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 65.95 »
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Abstract This essay discusses several themes found in the newspapers of the time of the Second World War on the day of December 15 1941 , showing the usefulness as well as ineffectiveness of these sources for historians. The author examines sources that include authentic documents, personal accounts, diaries, memoirs, and newspapers.
From the Paper "By researching and studying various aspects of newspapers from times of war, we are able to determine their usefulness to historians as sources. Newspapers contain a wide variety of information on many different subjects, some of which are useful and some of which prove inadequate. Newspapers, especially during times of war, contain large amounts of factual information, such as accounts of battles and gains and losses of military assets. By studying the way in which this information is expressed in newspapers, and by comparing it to other sources, we are able to conclude that this factual information contained in newspapers is usually incorrect, inaccurate or misleading. In this sense, newspapers prove useless to historians as a source. In contrast, newspapers prove to be extremely useful as a source for determining both social and political attitudes of the time."
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Three Historians, 2002. Covers three questions posed about the ideas of three differing historians - Eric Hobsbawm, Gordon Wood and Robert Wiebe. 1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95 »
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Abstract The writings of Eric Hobsbawm's "The Age of Revolution," Gordon Wood's "The Radicalism of the American Revolution" and Robert Wiebe's "The Search for Order" will be interlocked with three questions in history to determine what their different vantage points were in interpreting it.
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Scientists in Films, 2000. An analysis of the negative and positive portrayals of scientists and their preoccupations in "Contact," "Pi," "Jurassic Park," "Absent-Minded Professor," "Insignificance' and more. 3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 25 sources, $ 111.95 »
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From the Paper " The depiction of science and scientists in films and other popular media has long been characterized either by fear and anxiety at scientists' potential power or by wild acclaim for their accomplishments. In both cases, however, the popular reaction is based largely on incomprehension. There are variations on the basic stereotypes of the mad and the benignly inspired scientist, however, and filmmakers tend to express general societal concerns in their choice of type. In addition, filmed representations of scientists tend to repeat or reinforce popular misconceptions about the nature of their work and goals. Thus the choice of any of the mad, evil, kindly, distracted, driven, and inspired characters who populate films about scientists often depends on what, in general, people believe scientists hope to do. Perhaps the most common current..."
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Ancient Greek and Roman Historians, 1991. This paper examines the lives and works of three ancient historians - the Greeks Herodotus and Thucydides, and the Roman Tacitus: Compares and contrasts methods, theories, conclusions, biases and shortcomings. 4,275 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 8 sources, $ 135.95 »
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From the Paper "This study will examine the lives and works of three ancient historians - the Greeks Herodotus and Thucydides, and the Roman Tacitus.
The study will first briefly consider the personal histories of the three historians, then will consider the most noted works of the three, will compare and contrast their methods, theories and conclusions, and will finally consider the shortcomings in their works.
With respect to Herodotus, the first of the three historians in a chronological sense, we read in Bury that "we know hardly anything [about his life] except what may be gleaned from his own statements .
From those statements, we know that Herodotus was born early in the 5th Century B.C. in Halicarnassus, that he left his place ... "
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2004. A look at how complementary and alternative medicine are being integrated with conventional medicine. 675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95 »
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Abstract This paper looks at how some of the techniques and therapies used in alternative medicine are being integrated into the practice of conventional medicine. The paper explains that the combined use of alternative medicine with conventional medicine is known as Integrative Medicine.
From the Paper "Today people are often questioning the methods of traditional medicine but are not quite ready to abandon them in favor of alternative or complementary treatments. Some doctors and hospitals are delving into the benefits of alternative and complementary medicine, combining some of the techniques used with traditional therapies. They are creating a field called integrative medicine or complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Integrative medicine combines the best of traditional medicine with alternative medicine to maximize benefits for the patient."
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Historians and Computers, 2007. A discussion of the article "Computers and the Subversion of British History" by R.J. Morris. 1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses how R.J. Morris in his 1995 article "Computers and the Subversion of British History", attempted to qualify some of the challenges and opportunities that the computer revolution would have in store for historians. The paper explains Morris' thesis that with the advent of computing technology and the availability of vast stores of data such as the World Wide Web, the historian's abilities have changed. The paper posits that to some degree, his thesis was correct; there have been changes that have required shifts in the way that historians think about and process information.
From the Paper "The still developing computer and technology revolution that began in earnest in the latter half of the Twentieth Century has had a decidedly impressive impact on academic disciplines well beyond the scope of computer science or engineering. In fact, disciplines in the humanities are being significantly affected by the incredible changes that computing technology has wrought. History, in particular, has undergone major--but also superficial--changes as a result of the computer revolution."
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The Mayan Scientists, 2004. A discussion of the lost Mayan culture, science and religion. 1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines the Mayan civilization, which remains a mystery to today's scientists. The paper addresses questions, such as, how a civilization so primitive could manage to become such skillful mathematicians and scientists and why a group this advanced in their scientific studies would just pick up and leave without a trace. The paper also points out that the Mayas were a religious culture that put much emphasis on the study of many branches of science, especially astronomy. The paper concludes that this undeniably advanced civilization managed to blend both science and religion, keeping each in its place yet allowing them to work together, providing emotional fulfillment, intellectual development, and a better understanding of the universe that they lived in.
From the Paper "Contrasting the views of many Western-Europeans, the Mayas incorporated religion into their astronomical discoveries. The Mayans believed that the planets were actually spirits and that time was "a bridge between the real world and the spirit world" (http://mayanastro.freeservers.com/mayan3.html) and to the Mayas, the only planet more important than the sun was the planet Venus, and they knew that planet, quite possibly, better than any other society of their time. Many wars were timed specifically in relation to the location of Jupiter and Venus and sacrifices to the Gods were made on the first day that the planet appeared after "Superior Conjunction," which is the time in which Venus, the Earth, and the Sun are aligned therefore blocking the view of Venus from Earth."
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Greek Studies, 2008. This paper looks at Greek history, focusing on Aristotle's view of Spartan women. 1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95 »
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Abstract In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of Greek history. Specifically, the writer discusses the view Aristotle has of Spartan women and looks at how this view compares with other sources on the women of Sparta. The writer points out that Aristotle's view of Spartan women was less than complementary, but this differs from most other sources on Greek history. The writer maintains that Aristotle may have been prejudiced against women, leading to his canted views on Spartan women and their accomplishments.
From the Paper "Aristotle, one of the most illustrious Greek philosophers, believed, as many Greeks did, that women and education did not mix. In Athens (Aristotle's home), women were educated in the arts, such as spinning, weaving, and many other domestic activities. They were not educated in science and mathematics, as young men were, and there were many other differences, as well. In Sparta, the domestic tasks such as spinning were seen as work for the serfs or lower classes, while Spartan women were educated on the same level as the men. In fact, women also had to excel in athletics and warrior skills as they mastered their education in Sparta, while women in Athens not only were not fully educated, they could not participate in athletics, and could not own property or serve in the political arena, as well."
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