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Legalized Gambling on College Sports, 2002.
This paper introduces and discusses the legalization of gambling on college sports in Nevada to support higher education.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
A brief argumentative paper which presents the views of sports colleges in Nevada wanting to allow for legalized gambling on its campus. The paper shows that even though gambling is legal throughout the State, if legislation comes into effect, it could put an end to gambling on campus all together. The writer examines the pros and cons of such a law.
From the Paper
"In Nevada sports books, gambling on college sports is currently allowed for every team in the nation, except Nevada?s own college teams. Legislators have proposed new laws that would outlaw gambling on any college sports. This would affect Nevada?s economy in a wide variety of ways.
"For the year 2001, total gaming revenue in the State of Nevada totaled $9,468,598,681. Of that total, ?More than one-half of total General Fund [$105.85 million] spending is targeted for education. Of that, $1.2 billion represents the State?s General Fund obligation to the Distributive School Account, the funding mechanism through which State monies are distributed to school districts? (Comeaux). The amount budgeted for education in the 2001-2003 biennium is $2,000.3 million dollars, half of which is $1,000,150, which is 10.5 percent of the annual gaming revenue."
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Curtailing College Sports Gambling, 2002.
A proposal of how to better control over college sports gambling.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
A five page model proposal on ways to curtail college student betting and game fixing on sporting events.
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College Sports, 2004.
A discussion on the place of sport in the American university.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how sports play an important role in our society and an even greater role within a college campus, not only as a team-building and positive force in the social life of students, but as a tradition in education. It looks at how most universities and colleges in the United States have an integrated sports program, ranging from the NCAA divisions to intramurals. It also shows how, in universities and colleges within the NCAA divisions, sports programs are just not a sidebar to college entertainment, but host scholarships and contribute to the finances of the college.
From the Paper
"Within the educational institution, students may vary in placing student-athletes on pedestals or in the dog-house depending on their performance, or view them with animosity because of the so-called ?perks? and ?easy breeze through college? it is perceived that student-athletes have. They are considered to be egotistical and elitist because they are unable to fraternize with the rest of the student body, or are subjected to strict NCAA guidelines regarding parties and daily routines during a season, which in some cases could include unusual or abusive routines from their coaches who will ?use various means to control their athletes, such as having midnight practices after the team returns from a disappointing loss? (Eitzen)."
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Title IX and College Sports, 2007.
This paper explores the Title IX legislation and its ramifications for women's participation in athletics.
5,556 words (approx. 22.2 pages), 30 sources, MLA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a brief historical overview of the role of women in sports. The paper looks at Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 and how judicial interpretation has devalued Title IX policy. The paper argues that a series of court decisions regarding gender equity compliance have effectively dismissed two of the test's three factors and produced a mutated version of the law's founding intent. The paper describes how institutional and agency response to Title IX and to these decisions forces the continual containment of female intercollegiate athletics. Finally, the paper considers the most recent Title IX policy clarifications and concludes that until Title IX is allowed to dismantle the socially constructed dichotomy of femininity and athleticism, it will not eradicate gender inequities. The paper uses MLA style footnotes but does not append a bibliography.
Outline:
Introduction
The Role of Women in Sport-Historical Perspectives
Title IX Policy and Implementing Regulations
Judicial Devaluation of the Three Prong Test
Agency and Institutional Response to Title IX
Title IX at Thirty-The Most Recent Mutation of Gender Equality
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In 1968, a twelve-year old girl was playing catch with her brother before his Little League baseball game. A roving coach noticed her skilled throws and invited her to join her brother's team. Before the enthusiastic girl could shake her head in emphatic affirmation, the coach nonchalantly outlined a couple of caveats - she could play if she cut her hair short, like a boy, and he would call her "Bob." Not brought up to be a "covert operative," she politely declined. Nearly four decades later, accomplished athlete Dot Richardson told this story to the United States Senate as part of her testimony for the promotion and advancement of women in sports. She was that 12-year-old girl, and in the late 1960s and early 1970s, she began her ascent into womanhood in an era when "female" and "athlete" were mutually exclusive terms. Yet, by 1996, having developed into one of the most formidable shortstops in Olympic history, Richardson helped propel the United States softball team to gold-medal glory."
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Economics of College Sports, 1996.
Athletics as big business, role of TV, illegal payments, examples of scandals & punishments, pressure to turn pro, academic issues, reforms, sanctions, legalizing athletes' pay.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 12 sources, $ 87.95
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From the Paper
"College sports are big business. A college or university with a successful football or basketball team can leverage its sports success to increase its donations from alumni, and television revenue from televised football and basketball games can significantly contribute to a school's operating budget. Because of this, recruiting efforts can be intense as schools seek to attract the most promising high school and community college players, and the motivation to violate rules set down by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) can be high. This research examines the economic impact of sports, particularly football, on colleges and universities, recent scandals involving players and coaches which have rocked the NCAA, and considers whether or not players at the collegiate level should be paid for ..."
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Women in College Sports, 1996.
Gender-based inequities in university athletic programs, provisions & ineffectiveness of Title IX as legal remedy, economics and social aspects.
4,050 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 16 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
" INTRODUCTION
Gender roles in Western societies have been changing rapidly in recent years, with the changes created both by evolutionary changes in society, including economic shifts which have altered the way people work and indeed which people work as more and more women enter the workforce, and by pressure brought to make changes because of the perception that the traditional social structure was inequitable. Gender relations are part of the socialization process, the initiation given the young by society, teaching them certain values and creating in them certain behavior patterns acceptable to their social roles. These roles have been in a state of flux in American society in recent years, and men and women today can be seen as having expanded their roles in society, with women entering formerly male dominions and.."
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Women in College & Pro Sports, 1996.
Evolution of women's participation, gender discrimination, cultural attitudes, laws & court decisions, economics, coaches & administrators.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 29 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"This research paper discusses gender or sex discrimination
in college and professional sports. In the 1970s and 1980s, female athletes made substantial progress toward achieving equal rights in collegiate athletics through litigation and the threat of litigation. Women coaches made less progress. The entire movement suffered some loss of momentum after the late 1980s because of more restrictive court rulings, funding problems and other factors. Female athletes have hardly made a dent in professional sports, except in certain non-contact sports such as tennis, golf and track.
Dainty Things
Until the broader womens movement began to assert itself in the 1960s, little progress was made toward securing equal rights..."
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Professionalism In College Sports, 1989.
Discusses payment of athletes (legal & illegal), ethics, amateurism, pros & cons, tuition & scholarship, academic issues and need for reform.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"One of the most controversial questions surrounding collegiate athletics is the degree of professionalism that college sports should be accorded. This is most clearly represented in the debate on whether college athletes should be paid, if so, the amount of salaries, and the degree to which the student athlete is a professional wage.earner or a student. Although the actual question of whether college athletes should be paid seems basic, there are a multitude of other issues involved. For instance, with the present system the athletes are not paid a salary, but often receive large amounts of financial assistance from the host university. As well, these athletes are often part of large recruiting packages that may well include living allowances, transportation stipends, funds for tutors and travel, as well as other "under.the.table" perks such as (...)"
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Professional Sports For College Athletes, 2004.
A paper arguing that the risks college athletes assume by trying to achieve a professional career in sports outweigh any possible benefits they could hope to gain.
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the NCAA has to change the way it operates if it is to maximize the possibility of its student-athletes to achieve their career goals as professional athletes. The paper further argues that trying to combine athletics and academics at this level does not work and serves to lower the standards for both sides of the equation.
From the Paper
"The argument to be made in this paper is that the possibilities of achieving a professional sports career and the benefits once that professional career is achieved on the part of college athletes are not worth the odds of giving up on a college education. At the present time, it seems that the major university sports programs especially in football and basketball are geared to producing professional athletes without much emphasis being placed on the academic side of..."
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Sports Science and Sports Medicine, 2004.
An overview of sports/exercise science and medicine, two fields that have only recently begun consolidating into distinct professions.
2,272 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
Sports has become a multi-billion-dollar business, and the ever-increasing competitiveness and challenges, both mental and physical, faced by the modern sportsperson has increased the need for a medical and scientific support system for athletes. This paper discusses two fields that have developed from this need: sports science and sports medicine. The paper shows that they are interrelated, the former being more of an investigative and experimental area, while the latter deals with the implementation of the knowledge and techniques developed by sports science.
From the Paper
"High quality sports performance depends largely on an individual?s movement pattern and is usually referred to as technique. Good technique not only produces an effective performance but also reduces the risk of injury. The effect of physical forces on the movement and on the size, shape and structure of the body is scientifically studied by biomechanists today in an attempt to help optimize athletic technique. (Stein, 2003) Through qualitative analysis via direct observation on film or video tape, a biomechanist will study an athlete?s performance with a view to diagnosing any problems which might be limiting sporting potential. In close consultation with the athlete?s coach, training patterns may be altered to incorporate elements which may help to rectify the problem."
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The Sociology of Sport: The Ideals of Sports as a Reflection of Society, 2002.
A paper which looks at what sports represents and what it communicates to society.
2,917 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
Sports has become a central part of society, introduced to children at a young age and often continuing to be part of a person?s life throughout their lifetime. Sports impacts on people in a number of ways. The paper shows that in childhood, the focus of sports is often on participating, working with other people and aspiring to be the best one can be. Successful sports people also become heroes for children, something that continues into adulthood. The paper shows that as individuals grow older their focus may change from playing sports to watching sports. At the same time, sports people continue to be respected and viewed as heroes, the fact that successful sports people get paid millions in sponsorship money is evidence that they must have a major impact on consumers. Overall, this paper looks at what sports represents and the values it communicates to people.
From the Paper
"Sport is also closely related to a person?s life in society in a general way. In sport, people compete against each other to win. In a person?s working life the same thing occurs. A person works against others in the workplace to earn individual rewards and promotions. A person also works as part of the company team, to grow the company. The same occurs in schools where students works in competition with each other to receive awards. Students then work to get into college, with the best students winning the college place. This illustrates one of the main aspects central to sports, the competition factor inherent to sport. This also shows how this competition factor inherent in sports is also one inherent in life. This is another major reason why sport reflects society."
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Organized Crime in Sports, 2003.
Discusses illegal sports gambling in professional sports, horse racing, and college sports.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Examines athletes as problem gamblers. Provides a history of gambling. Discusses mob-connected, organized control of sports betting and the growing link between organized crime and college athletics.
From the Paper
""If there's competition involved, you can bet that you can bet on it" is a quote from Henry J. Hyde (R, Ill). Hyde is chairman of the United States House of Representatives and Chairman of the committee ..."
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Sport Commissions and Amateur Sports.
An exploration of how the sports industry is a land of opportunity for sports commissions and the local communities that are trying to generate economic impact from sports.
3,688 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper explores different avenues for small-scale sports tourism in the direction of amateur sports tournaments and how establishing a sport commission can help. It focuses on recreational sport tournaments for adults and youth by examining a case study dealing with the organization of a sports commission and the economic impact it that has resulted on the community. The reason for discussing sports tournaments is because they are fairly low-investment opportunities that small communities can explore, with large returns for the resources that are already present.
Outline
Introduction
Review of Literature
Case Study
Discussion and Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Green and Chalip (1998) help explain who is participating by exploring the motivations of the active sport tourist traveling to participate in their chosen sport by examining a women?s flag football tournament. The authors explain the increasing growth in active lifestyles and how it is not only the younger population, who are participating, but also the older segment is starting to stay more active. This trend is leading to more vacations that are based on or around sport. The paper presents the ideas that the active sport tourist does not only travel for the competition, but also to be able to identify with the subculture of their sport. As in the case of the women football players, they enjoy being able to socialize with people who share their same interests during social events sponsored by the tournament organizers. They travel as teams, and along with these teams comes family and friends, which in turn bring along more economic impact for the community hosting the event."
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Sociology , Sports and Race, 2002.
A discussion of gender bias and racial discrimination in sports.
1,983 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of gender and racial discrimination in sport both at college as well as professional level. It attempts to dispel the myths regarding women equality and meritocracy in sports, such that women earn through professional as well as college sports as much as their male counterparts. It examines the struggles involving women recognition in sports through the history of basketball which evolved in 1891 but only allowed women players in 1971 and the differences in women participation in college sports and professional sports. The paper also outlines the racial desegregation of college and professional sports, bringing out the similarities and the differences to that of gender bias.
From the Paper
"Though women face various challenges in the name of discrimination in sports oriented activities and career advancements, women in college sports face less resistance due to the fact that at college level, friendships and relationships are more sound and meaningful than at a professional level where shrewd politics dominate the sports scenario and extreme resistance is faced by women who are professional athletes. Moreover, in college sports, due to combined activities, women get more or less the same facilities and coaching aid that their male friends receive. Alternately, women athletes on a professional level are struggling hard to receive better or equal facilities than men athletes."
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Paying College Athletes, 2006.
An overview of the question of whether to pay college athletes or not.
2,874 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper questions whether college sports players deserve to be paid for their contribution to the college or not. It looks at whether the athletes would benefit from the pay incentive or whether the entire nature of college sports would be altered by the monetary compensation being offered.
From the Paper
"But there are ways to let the athletes in on the profits without involving the colleges. Simply allow the athletes to earn money off their talents from outside sources. That means nothing more than granting athletes the same financial rights all other students already posses. Other students can make money in their respective fields while in school, why can't athletes? If a school can receive a percentage of all apparel sold with the team logo on it, why can't players get a cut of T-shorts bearing their name, number or likeness? If a coach can appear as paid "expert analyst", why can't a player? If a coach can endorse a favorite restaurant, why can't a player? If a coach can strike a deal with a shoe company, why can't a player. After all, players, not coaches wear the shoes. So it stems to reason that players, not coaches, should receive the money."
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