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Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Psychoanalysis, 2002.
A description of psychoanalysis and cognitive behavior therapy followed by a description of their similarities and differences.
1,754 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper gives the reader a clear understanding of the roots of psychoanalysis and cognitive behavior therapy. The writer defines the two theories and their main ideas. It then proceeds to compare and contrast the fundamental principles of the two.
From the Paper
"Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a combination of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Behavior therapy is used to change automatic reactions to certain situations. It also teaches relaxation techniques so you are better able to deal with stressful situations and allows for improved decision making techniques. Cognitive therapy trains you in recognizing how certain thinking patterns are causing your symptoms. Once these thinking patterns are recognized, you are able to break the connection between these patterns and the distorted picture of reality that they present (Weber, 1991)."
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Behavioral Therapy vs. Psychoanalysis, 2004.
An analysis of the differences between behavioral therapy and psychoanalysis.
1,709 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper claims that, in comparison to psychoanalysis, behavior therapy focuses more on specific problems, such as anxiety symptoms, so treatment is often more compressed. The paper examines the goal of behavior therapy, to eliminate bad behaviors, or to develop adaptive coping behaviors. The paper explains that unlike psychoanalysis, behavior therapy has little regard for the unconscious processes underlying personality disorders. The paper describes the techniques used in behavior therapy, such as aversive conditioning, in which negative habits are paired with unpleasant stimuli and systematic desensitization, where a stimulus that causes anxiety and negative feelings is paired with a pleasant one.
Outline
Introduction
The Two Types of Therapy
Freud
Skinner
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Amazing advances have been made in the treatment of mental illness throughout the years (Merck, 2004). An understanding of what causes some mental health disorders has resulted in a greater sophistication in customizing treatment to the underlying basis of specific disorders. Thus, many mental health disorders can now be treated almost as successfully as physical disorders. Most treatment methods for mental health disorders are either categorized as somatic or psychotherapeutic (Merck, 2004). Somatic treatments include drug therapy and electroconvulsive therapy. Psychotherapeutic treatments include individual, group, or family and marital psychotherapy; behavior therapy techniques; and hypnotherapy. There are many others, as well."
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Traditional Psychoanalysis vs. Behavioral Family Therapy, 2002.
This paper compares two therapies that almost are as different as therapies can get: Traditional psychoanalysis and behavioral family therapy.
1,480 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper contrasts both traditional psychoanalysis and a newer tradition, behavioral family therapy and looks at their applicability in different situations. The author explains that psychoanalysis, developed by Freud, helps the client gain more awareness and understanding of their inner world including motivations. The author points out that behavioral family therapy, a melding of behavior therapy and family therapy, assumes that all behavior is learned, or conditioned, and can be unlearned and changed and that the family, viewed as a system, is the focus of this learning.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Description
Comparison
Depth/Insight
Focus on Family
Goals
Length of Therapy
Meaning Orientation
Conformity
Application to Different Situations
From the Paper
"While they both emphasize family, they do so in very different ways. In psychoanalysis, the therapeutic arrangement is between the therapist and the individual. Family members are not brought into the therapeutic alliance. In family therapy, the family is the unit that works with the therapist. The family is not separated out, but placed at the center of the working process."
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Psychoanalytical and Cognitive Behavior Approaches, 2005.
This paper is a comparative analysis of the theories of the psychoanalytical and cognitive behavior psychotherapeutic approaches.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the theories regarding psychoanalysis and cognitive behavior psychotherapeutic approaches differ from one another in their background, application, treatment methods and advantages or disadvantages. The author relates that psychodynamic therapies, developed by Sigmund Freud, work to make the "unconscious" conscious, giving persons greater insight into their needs and behavior and thereby gaining greater control over how this allows these conflicts to affect them. The paper states that cognitive behavior therapy is a practical approach, which seeks to define concrete goals and uses active techniques to reach them by looking at patterns of thinking and behavior and how these patterns are reinforced and maintained by the person within his or her environment.
From the Paper
"Psychoanalysis and cognitive behavioral approaches have both been applied to treat various types of depression. For example, the efficacy of psychotherapeutic treatments specific to depressive mood disorder has been shown to be comparable to that of pharmacological treatments in alleviating symptoms. In addition, these therapies reduce residual psychosocial impairments, improve psychosocial function, and prevent depression relapse. Depression-specific psychotherapeutic approaches include cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, behavioral, and short-term dynamic therapies, which are often integrated in clinical practice. The effectiveness of depression-specific psychotherapy can be enhanced by medical-psychotherapeutic collaboration and use of guided self-directed change efforts, marital or family therapy, and participation in therapy groups. Research indicates that a coordinated program of care combining the benefits of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions and drawing on the expertise of physicians and psychotherapists is recommended for the treatment of depression."
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Psychoanalysis of Cognitive Therapy, 2004.
Case study of a man suffering from schizophrenia and drug abuse.
1,342 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper presents two different therapy options for the treatment of a man suffering from schizophrenia and drug abuse. The paper describes some of the patient's symptoms and then recommends an approach that would combine cognitive therapy with some features of psychoanalysis.
From the Paper
"While traditional psychotherapy is non-directive, with the therapist looking to the patient to develop insights. In cognitive therapy the therapist and patient work together to set goals and to make plans for meeting them. In the process, maladaptive thought processes are identified and discussed, and both patient and therapist actively work together to consciously replace them with more productive ways of thinking. For instance, a depressed person might drop a dish and think,? I?m such a klutz, and no matter what I do, I screw it up.? In cognitive therapy the patient would learn to put the event into better perspective, perhaps learning to think ?Oh I dropped a dish. I don?t even like that set of dishes, and it didn?t even have any food on it. Everybody breaks dishes sometimes, and this just isn?t a big deal.?"
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, 2006.
An overview of cognitive behavior therapy, focusing on the roles of the therapist and patient and how it compares to other therapies used in psychology.
3,720 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 6 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses cognitive behavioral therapy and the elements of its practice. It also explores the therapist and patient roles of cognitive behavioral therapy, and how it relates to other therapies currently used in psychology. Adlerian therapy, person centered therapy, existential therapy, Gestalt therapy, reality therapy, solution oriented brief therapy, multi-modal therapy, feminist therapy, and rational emotion behavior therapy are discussed and contrasted to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy. Through these comparisons a focus on the central characteristics of these therapies is evident, providing a framework for patients and professionals to determine which therapy would be most effective for the needs of particular patients.
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Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 2004.
A review of the article, "Cognitive-Behavior Therapy: Reflections on the Evolution of a Therapeutic Orientation", by M.R. Goldfried.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the article, "Cognitive-Behavior Therapy: Reflections on the Evolution of a Therapeutic Orientation" by M.R. Goldfried, which presents an account of the evolution of cognitive-behavior therapy over the past 35 years, since it began with the introduction of cognition into behavior therapy in the mid-1960s. It examines how, as cognitive-behavior therapists became more experienced clinically and recognized that clients did not always engage in clearly reportable internal dialogues, the schema construct was used to understand more about clients? implicit meaning structures. The distinction between cognitive-behavior therapy and cognitive therapy is discussed, and the importance of activating emotional experiencing in the clinical change-process is underscored.
From the Paper
"Goldfried discusses many justifications for the addition of cognition in behavior therapy and even discusses situations of therapy sessions that institute them. Psychologists came to realize that patients might not have the capacity to store, encode, and retrieve information needed for participation in therapy with a clear ?internal dialogue?. Thus, establishing an information-processing model, called a ?schema?, helped therapists understand the problematic functioning of patients having difficulties such as inaccurate classification of events, selective attention, and so on. Goldfried goes on to define a schema as ?a cognitive representation of individuals? past experiences with other people, situations, and themselves, which helps them construe events within that particular aspect of their life?."
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Beck?s Cognitive Therapy, 2002.
This paper defines, applies and evaluates Aaron Beck?s cognitive therapy.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The author states that cognitive therapy relates to how a person thinks and attempts to resolve the patients? problems by changing how they think. The author believes that the strengths of cognitive therapy is that it is a comforting process and an action-oriented approach focused in the present. The author continues that the weakness is it may not work in extreme cases.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Applications of Cognitive Therapy
Listening to Internal Dialogue
Dream Therapy
Conditions Treated by Cognitive Therapy
Depression
Suicide Prevention
Strengths and Weaknesses
Ellis?s Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET)
Strengths and Weaknesses
From the Paper
"Beck believed that problems resulted from cognitive distortions, that is, were based in a person?s thinking. Beck believed that a person?s thought, beliefs, attitudes and perceptions were the basis for what emotions they would experience and how intense those emotions would be and that by changing the thinking a person could change their experience."
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, 2007.
An examination of the theory and practice of cognitive behavior therapy.
4,823 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the background and current status of cognitive behavior therapy. It lists the challenges facing cognitive behavior therapy and discusses the need for this form of therapy to address these issues. The paper then describes three cognitive restructuring therapies and discusses how they are implemented in practice. It also discusses the theory and practice of the problem-solving therapies and the cognitive learning theory.
Table of Contents:
Current Status
Theory
Methodology
Applications
Summary
From the Paper
"If Cognitive Behaviour Therapy can effectively deal with these concerns, it will unquestionably develop into a key force within clinical psychology. Nevertheless, in spite of its recognition amongst several therapists, not all behaviourally oriented researchers are in favour of this form of therapy. For instance, Eysenck (1979), a staunch S-R theorist, cautioned that "Although cognitive theories seem fashionable at the moment among some behaviour therapists who should know better. . . being fashionable is not the same as being correct, or useful, or in line with the evidence." He indicated that "Cognitive theory, per contra, does not even exist as a 'theory' that could meaningfully be criticized or tested; it is an aspiration, born of mentalistic preconceptions, in search of hypotheses."
"Wolpe (1978, p. 442) stated that that, "Behaviour therapists have deliberately influenced their patients' thinking ever since formal behaviour therapy of the neuroses came into existence"; for this reason he believed that cognitive approaches to therapy had always been incorporated with the behavioural techniques. "Thought," wrote Wolpe, "obeys the same 'mechanistic' laws as motor or autonomic behaviour" (p. 438). The principles of conditioning are adequate to account for cognition, and overt behaviour is an adequate indicator of this conditioning."
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Cognitive Therapy, 2004.
This paper examines the process of cognitive therapy.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses the process of learning as a global one. The writer discusses that cognitive therapy or behavioral therapy has often been used as a treatment method for various mental disabilities. The writer maintains that the process of cognitive therapy also has universal or global potential in treating psychopathology. The writer continues that this could be the case - although certain individuals - and certain pathologies - are more amenable to such treatment than are others.
From the Paper
"Cognitive therapy also called cognitive behavioral therapy has proven to be a highly effective method of treatment for a number of different mental disabilities. Cognitive therapy incorporates one of the core models of psychology classical conditioning and learning with the more recently developed concept of cognitive distortion to help individuals change the way in which they interpret the world around them. This paper examines the model of cognitive therapy looking in particular at the function of interpretation in the process of cognitive therapy. Cognitive therapy is based on the ... "
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Cognitive Therapy, 2002.
This paper compares two non-fiction books on cognitive therapy encouraging a change of thinking, that will result in a happier outlook. The paper reviews "Who Moved My Cheese?" by Spencer Johnson, and "What would Machiavelli Do?" by Stanley Bing.
2,930 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a review of Johnson?s book, looking at how we handle change in the workplace. It summarizes and explains the parable used by Johnson to represent the striving for success and our reactions to change. The paper then moves on to another book on cognitive therapy ? ?What would Machiavelli Do?? by Stanley Bing. The processes involved in cognitive therapy are explained and they are applied to Johnson?s parable. The paper looks at positive ways of viewing change and lists seven points on how to handle change successfully. The paper gives criticisms on Johnson?s book and contrasts it with Bing?s satirical book on how to ?get ahead? in business. It gives a synopsis of Bing?s book, highlighting differences between Johnson?s approach and that of Bing. The paper concludes by using the example of the recent experiences of Christopher Reeves to sum up the ideas evident in both books that encourage a change in business outlook and that lead to success.
From the Paper
"Anyone who has been working in the business world for more than a few years knows change is inevitable. We take a job believing we will have a 40-hour week, but demands change and we?re expected to work 45 or even 50 hours. Or we are hired by a supervisor we like, only to find that the supervisor transfers, retires, or is fired, Perhaps we work with a team of people for several years when a team member is replaced. The new person doesn?t do things the way the old team member did, causing friction and discord."
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Cognitive Behavior Therapy, 2008.
An analysis of the benefits and criticisms of the therapeutic approach of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT).
1,523 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). It discusses the origin and philosophy of CBT, as well as its key conceptual issues. The paper then describes the therapeutic approach of CBT in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Finally, the paper discusses the contributions of CBT as well as the criticism of it in terms of it being a valid form of therapy.
Table of Contents:
Origin and Philosophy of CBT
Key Conceptual Issues
Therapeutic Approach of CBT
CBT: Contributions and Criticisms
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In conclusion, although other theories of psychotherapy have been popular in the past, such as Freudian and Jungian psychoanalysis, CBT now enjoys broad popularity among a wide range of practitioners. Especially when paired with pharmacological treatment, it appears to offer a balanced methodology that is backed up by empirical support from clinical trials. Although most effectively leveraged in the treatment of depressive disorders, and on behalf of patients with clearly defined nervous triggers, there is potential for CBT to be even further expanded in the future."
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Cognitive Behavior Therapy, 2005.
This paper discusses Cognitive Behavior Therapy, with particular regard as treatment for such problems as depression and alcoholism.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The following discussion provides an evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the treatment of a female patient who suffers from alcoholism and depression. The writer points out that it is expected that this type of therapy is highly effective in the treatment of these problems, as it provides a greater understanding of the negative influences in life, as well as the positive.
From the Paper
"For individuals that develop any number of psychological or emotional problems that require professional intervention, it is necessary to consider the many options that are available. There is a necessity to utilize specific techniques in order to treat such problems as depression and alcoholism, amongst others. With this in mind, the purpose of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as a means of offering support for the management of these problems is a critical step in a positive direction for many patients. A wide body of research supports Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an effective treatment for a variety of disorders, including the issues related to alcoholism and depression. The following discussion describes a specific case study involving a young female, who has suffered from serious bouts of alcoholism and depression concurrently, and has initiated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as a means of supporting her wellness regimen."
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and School Success, 2007.
A review of a study about the relationship between cognitive behavioral therapy and school success.
1,198 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews a study that explored the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and the school success of students with anxiety disorders. The author presented the study's hypothesis and methodology. The paper also detailed the population that was used for the study. Finally the reviewer gave the conclusions of the study, which showed that CBT therapy over time will decrease overall anxiety in school children.
Outline:
Research Question
Hypothesis
Methodology
Sample
Results/Findings
Conclusion
Overall Effectiveness
Source Used
From the Paper
"Finally, the sample size creates limitations on the generability of the results. Although the results did have overwhelming numbers, a sample size of 38 is inadequate to appropriate to other populations. However, it does raise awareness for educators and parents alike that school and social problems may have a root with an anxiety disorder and that it should not be discounted before an official diagnosis can discount such a cause."
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"Cognitive Therapy", 2003.
A book review of Judith Beck's "Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond."
4,830 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses Judith Beck's 1995 book, "Cognitive Therapy: Basics and Beyond." The paper first provides a summary of each chapter. Then the paper conducts an overall analysis of the book as it relates to the fields of psychology, academic advising and the role of the professional therapist.
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