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Civil War In Ethiopia, 1999.
Examines the origins in Eritrea province's fight for independence in 1961, causes, leaders, violence, global aspects, Haile Selassie and the aftermath.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
"The civil war in Ethiopia involves a fight for independence by the province of Eritrea, and this war began in 1961. At that time, the central government in Addis Ababa, then the government of Haile Selassie, broke a United Nations sponsored autonomy plan for the region.
From the Paper
"The civil war in Ethiopia involves a fight for independence by the province of Eritrea, and this war began in 1961. At that time, the central government in Addis Ababa, then the government of Haile Selassie, broke a United Nations sponsored autonomy plan for the region. Eritrea is the triangular northernmost province of Ethiopia. It is dominated by a range of mountains that flattens out to form the Barka Plains in the west, with an arm of the Danakil depression one of the hottest regions on earth extending in a southeasterly direction, along the Red Sea. The Greek name for the Red Sea was Erythra Thalassa, and it is from this that Eritrea derives its name. It consists of 46,000 square miles of land, or an area about the size of Pennsylvania or Mississippi. It is believed that this region holds the key to Ethiopia's political stability and territorial ..."
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Habeas Corpus - Civil Liberty or Civil Right, 2008.
An analysis of civil liberties and civil rights and which of them applies to habeas corpus.
3,137 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the origins and history of habeas corpus, from its roots that predate the Magna Carta through to the present day, where it is being employed to the benefit of hundreds that wrongly languish in prison. The paper also explains the distinction between civil right and civil liberty and discusses which applies to habeas corpus. Lastly, the paper looks at the historic ups and downs of habeas corpus and discusses its unique place in the Constitution, separate from provisions contained in the Bill of Rights.
From the Paper
"Rights and liberties need to be at their strongest when public support is at its weakest. Civil rights are decreed by law, civil liberties are God given, and the actions of legislatures are inevitably governed by the politics of the time. Habeas corpus is a civil liberty included among the "self evident truths" of the Declaration of Independence, and alone one of the civil liberties that can be suspended by acts of the government during times of crisis. The president judged by history as one of the best, sought to suspend these liberties in time of extreme crisis in the nation's young history. It was circumvented to increase support during a world war, to intern "dangerous" citizens during another, and to grant due process rights to perpetrators of the war for the new millennium. It is now freeing hundred of wrongly convicted people of a crime. The future of habeas corpus is uncertain in the short term, but solid in the future as all inalienable rights bestowed upon the common man by his creator."
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Non-Violent Civil Disobedience, 2002.
A comparison of Thoreau's notion of civil disobedience with the civil rights movment of the 1960s to gain equal rights for African Americans.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 10 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Compares Thoreau's notion of civil disobedience with the civil rights movement of the 1960s to gain equal rights for African Americans. Leadership of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and his thinking. Moral reasons for disobeying unjust laws. Peaceful demonstrations and those of activists. Bus boycott & NAACP litigation approach. Sit-ins, Freedom Rides and voter registration efforts of SNCC.
From the Paper
"In his original formulation of the idea of civil disobedience Henry David Thoreau argued that when "gross inconsistency is tolerated" by the citizens of a democracy then "under the name of order and civil government, we are all made at last to pay homage to and support our own meanness" (Thoreau). In Thoreau's case he refused to pay taxes on the grounds that the government supported both an imperialist war against Mexico and the ownership of slaves. He held that a taxpayer in a democracy that engages in imperialist aggression and the expansion of slavery becomes, by way of his participation, an imperialist and a slave owner himself--no matter what private opinions he holds and no matter how he voted. To accept the order that allows these things was, in effect, not merely to accede to their existence but to become one with those who behaved in this..."
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The Role of Civil Societies: Three Approaches, 2006.
A paper discussing what makes a society civil and what we think is the behavior of civilized people.
1,873 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper considers different views about what makes a civil society and civilzed behavior. In particular, the paper discusses what the role of a civil society is according to political thinkers John Locke, Alexis de Tocqueville and Karl Marx.
From the Paper
"Of his major concerns, Locke reasoned that men in their natural condition were "free, equal, and independent." It was not a matter of their thinking themselves independent, for property was a physical relationship to external nature, and it was within the limits provided by this physical relationship that each individual could equally find room or space to exercise his freedom independently of other men. By being masters of themselves and proprietors of their own actions and labor, men had in themselves a great foundation of property and independence. "Every man has property of his own person," Locke reasoned. "This nobody has any right to but himself. The labour of his body and the work of his hands are properly his. Whatsoever then he removes out of the State that Nature hath provided and left it in mixed his labour with, and joined to do it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property." At the level of subject matter, civil societies consisted of individuals who acquired by their physical actions something as their own, which was distant and separate from what other individuals had."
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The Origins Of American Civilization, 2002.
This freshman paper shows how American civilization is probably the world's most peculiar civilization. As it came to replace the indigenous civilization of the native Indians, it also laid the foundations of a culture that was a mixture of several Europe
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This freshman paper shows how American civilization is probably the world's most peculiar civilization. As it came to replace the indigenous civilization of the native Indians, it also laid the foundations of a culture that was a mixture of several European cultures and trends. The following paper discusses the culture, influence of European colonialism, African migrants and the native Americans with respect to its development into a civilization.
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James McPherson?s Book on the Civil War, 2004.
Review of James McPherson's book, "The Battle Cry of Freedom: the Era of the Civil War", and its discussion of the issues that precipitated the Civil War.
2,223 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews some of the Civil War issues covered in McPherson's book about the pre-Civil War, Civil War, and post-Civil War periods. Where needed, the paper provides other supporting materials to further explain these issues and summarizes McPherson's four major points, which he suggests defined the end result of the Civil War.
From the Paper
"James McPherson?s book is deep and rich with more than just the facts, dates, names and battles of the pre-Civil War, Civil War, and post-Civil War periods. In fact, this book is so thorough and meticulous in its background coverage, it should be required reading for college students delving into American History. An instructor with good academic instincts could succinctly summarize each of the twenty-eight chapters, and provide illustrated interactive sessions with students to cover the entire book."
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Civil Rights Movements, 2005.
A discussion on the American Civil Rights Movements, focusing primarily on the fight for civil rights for African-Americans, women and homosexuals.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the American Civil Rights Movement was primarily a nonviolent struggle by African-Americans to obtain full rights, protections and equality under the law. It looks at how, although in many aspects the Civil Rights Movement continues it struggle for equality today, it actually began with the start of the Civil War and really took off in the 1960s. It looks at how the Civil Rights Movement has seen many successes and failures including boycotts, sit-ins, ride-ins and victories in the Supreme Court and how it has been led by such leaders as W.E.B Dubois, Thurgood Marshall and Dr. Martin Luther Jr.
Outline:
Introduction
Civil Rights Movement Background
Civil Rights Movement Timeline (1865-1955)
The Aims of the Civil Rights Movement
Major Players and Their Role in the Movement
Successes and Failures of the Movement
Other Movements with Roots in the Sixties
Conclusion
From the Paper
"After the Civil War, the 13th Amendment to the Constitution was passed in 1865. The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery. In 1868, the 14th Amendment was passed. This amendment made anyone born in the United States a naturalized citizen and afforded them equal protection under the law. The amendment however although providing equal protection to all citizens, created what is known as the separate by equal doctrine or better known as segregation. In 1870, the 15th Amendment was passed which provided voting rights to all citizens regardless of race. But with the passing of this amendment it, it did not remove literacy tests to qualify voters. This test was particularly used to eliminate black voters. "
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The Civil Rights Movement, 2002.
This paper discusses the success of the Civil Rights Movement in creating equal opportunities and civil rights towards the African Americans and minorities of the United States.
3,780 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 29 sources, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper is a thorough examination of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States and the affect it had on the black community. It looks at the history of the movement beginning in the 1950s and covers all of the major events such as Brown v. Board of Education, the passage of the Civil Rights Act in 1964, Rosa Parks, and Dr. Martin Luther King. The positive affects of the movement on the black community and their position in American society from the 1970s through 1990s is detailed through the use of charts and graphs.
From the paper:
"The Civil Rights Movement was very successful in creating equal opportunities and civil rights towards the African Americans and minorities of the United States. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a prime example to show how the movement was indeed successful. Clearly this is a sensitive issue among blacks and whites alike. The Civil Rights Movement ultimately had a dramatic effect on the African American Culture of the United States. As a result of this movement, more African American people have become influential in the political and social aspects of the American society. More and more African Americans are beginning to emerge into the middle and even upper class of the United States. Just take a look at the three CEOs of AOL, American Express, and Merrill Lynch. These are all major players in the politics and economy of the United States."
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Four River-Valley Civilizations, 2004.
This paper discusses the four river-valley civilizations of India, China, Egypt, and Mesopotamia, which were among the earliest civilizations in history.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the earliest civilizations in history, such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and India, were found near rivers because, when rivers flooded, people could grow more food for themselves and for trade. This system, the basis of all these early civilizations, is called the ?river-valley civilizations?. The author points out that these civilizations arose independently of each other and shared certain generic features, but each people produced unique characteristics based on the environment, especially in their religious and social structures. The paper concludes that all these civilizations began to decline because of the lack of power in the ruler, which resulted in many wars or disunity within a civilization.
From the Paper
"Mesopotamia, meaning ?the land between the two rivers,? was found within the rivers of Tygris and Euphrates, near modern day Iran and Iraq. Mesopotamians had a wedge-shaped writing, and they were great in mathematics. They were the ones who founded that one minute equals to sixty seconds and that sixty minutes equal to one hour. Moreover, days of the week, weeks, calendars were established by Mesopotamians.
When it comes to their political system, Mesopotamians had independent city-states, in which the city controlled its surrounding countryside. There was a huge power struggle between these numerous city-states in order to gain political and military control over others. They had similar type of government and they were governed by the system called ?polytheistic theocracy,? ruling by many gods and priests. In this system, gods owned everything within those city-states, and priests simply provided the connection between the gods and people."
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Origin, Extent and End of Civil Government, 2001.
This paper discusses and compares civil government according to Aristotle, Locke and Montesquieu.
4,600 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the origin, extent and end of civil government and compares the views of Aristotle, John Locke, and Montesquieu on why we need civil government, what that civil government should be, and what that civil government does for us. The first part of the paper is very specific in describing what each philosopher thinks of the origin, extent, and end of civil government. The end examines the extent to which our Constitution was found on the political philosophies of the liberals.
From the paper:
?Nearly 2000 years elapsed between the time that Aristotle expressed his theories on political philosophy and the time that Locke and Montesquieu expressed theirs, this accounts for many of the differences in their thinking. Aristotle wrote his philosophy from an ancient point of view and when Hobbes came along during the Enlightenment, he changed political philosophy forever. Hobbes influenced both Locke and Montesquieu this is probably why they both differ so much from Aristotle. The liberals, as Locke and Montesquieu were, hold in common one fundamental premise: the freedom and equality of human beings. This is why they back away from Aristotle?s emphasis on virtue. Aristotle spends much of ?The Politics? discussing regime, while Locke and Montesquieu are simply more concerned with establishing some for of civil government.?
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The Civil War Centennial 1961-1965, 2004.
This paper discusses that the Civil War Centennial observance, during the height of the civil rights struggle of the 1960s, further galvanized the conflict between the ?black and white? racial groups, especially in the South.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Civil War carries a strong symbolic significance. Among Southern whites, many tend to identify culturally with the ?Southern identity? and the defeat of the Confederacy; among black citizens the Civil War brings an even stronger emotional and ideological reaction because they consider the war to be the pivotal struggle to end slavery in the United States. The author relates that, perhaps, the event, which most strongly symbolizes the reaction of ?culturally Southern? whites, was that surrounding the ?raising of the Confederate flag? over the Capitol building in South Carolina. The paper questions whether the ?celebration? of the Civil War was a good idea, given the concept of ?celebrating? a war as necessarily divisive as a civil war, and given its affect on the social, racial, and political climate of the 1960s.
From the Paper
"That the South chose to ?unfurl? the confederate flag, as the symbol of the meaning of the Civil War as it applied to their ?identity,? and to bar black delegates from participating in the Centennial. The Northern states chose to reenact battles (Kansas, Wisconsin, and Missouri) among others, embark on ?educational programs? and stage parades, giving some credence to the widely held notion that the Centennial was ?more a Northern than a Southern celebration.? Further, in addition to the divisive racial controversies that emerged in the Centennial, many believed that the Centennial ?demonstrated the increasing commercialization and trivialization of the memory of the war.? "
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?The Clash of Civilizations? by Samuel Huntington, 2002.
This paper reviews the article ?The Clash of Civilizations? by Samuel Huntington that argues that conflicts in the future will occur between the different civilizations.
2,955 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the article ?The Clash of Civilizations? by Samuel Huntington based on the idea of cultures and to which civilization a particular culture belongs. This paper looks at civilization itself as the cause of conflicts because of differing values. The author says that the clash of civilizations will dominate global conflict, pitting Non-Western states against Western culture.
From the Paper
"A civilization is the highest level to which one can group people (24). During the cold war, civilizations were classified as being in the first, second or third worlds. Now, each state is different in terms of its culture and to which civilization it belongs (23). Huntington says, ?a civilization is a cultural entity. Villages, regions, ethnic groups, nationalities, religious groups, all have distinct cultures at different levels of cultural heterogeneity? (23-24). Civilizations also have sub civilizations."
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Persian Influence on Islamic Civilization, 2008.
This paper is a theoretical, descriptive and analytical historical review pf the major aspects of the Persian (modern Iran) influence on the Islamic civilization.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Persian Empire created great civilizations before the rise of Islam. The author points out that the Persian presence within the Islamic populace influenced many core aspects of the Muslim society: the realm and formation of government, architecture, music, medicine, linguistics, literature, clothing and fashion and other areas of cultural, economical, political and social significance. The paper states that, unlike general notions perpetrated by Western civilizations, the Islamic civilization, which was a global civilization that integrated individuals of diverse ethnic backgrounds who worked together to create knowledge within the arts and sciences, was not marred with war and terrorism. The author believes that the modern view of the Persian Empire is marred with subjective criticisms and linkages between Iran and terrorism.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Persian Culture; How is this Influence Explained: A General Overview
Figure 1: Iran's Cultural Dimensions
Scientific Contribution to Islamic Civilization: The Influence of the Persian Empire, Especially in the Field of Medicine
Figure 2: An Overview of the Persian Influence on Islamic Scientific Processes (Using an Input/Output Model)
Conclusion: State-Sponsored Terrorism and Iran
From the Paper
"Fields of medicine strongly influenced by Iranian scientist include but are not limited to physiology, biochemistry, immunology, and molecular biology. There influence has been likened to changes in the understanding of medicine that took place between prehistoric times to the present, this is a rather profound statement, since "the torch of medicine was in the hands of Muslims in historical periods from ancient Athens to the Renaissance", but Iranian scientist have still managed to make remarkable progress in medicine. Scientist form the Persian sphere have had such a profound impact on Islamic medical research, that many medical scientist considered authorities in the field have evolved in the Islamic Civilization, but are Persian. Nabipour highlighted a few renowned scientists such as Rhazes (865 - 925 A.D.)who has one of the most authoritative books on smallpox and measles."
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Civil Society and NGOs in Russia, 2004.
A discussion on how non-governmental organisations represent the essence of civil society in Russia.
17,787 words (approx. 71.1 pages), 44 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper aims to assess the concept of civil society through the system of public organisations which are believed to be the essence of civil society. It provides a short overview of existing theoretical trends in terms of relation of civil society with state and economy. It also looks at the theoretical school that presents civil society as a sphere of social interactions between the state and economy and how it is found to be the most acute and reflecting the true relations between society structures.
Outline
Content
Abstract
Introduction
Part I. Theoretical Background
A Historical Overview of the Concept of Civil Society
The Reasons For Civil Society?s Existence
The Middle Class in Russia
Economic Conditions
Private Interests
Part II. From Civil Society to NGOs
Civil Society is Vital for a Sustainable Democracy?
Society Structure
The Essence of the Third Sector. Main Definitions
Distinctive Features of the Third Sector in Russia
Classifications of the Third Sector Organisations
Ngo Reality In Russia
Empirical Studies of the Third Sector
General Representation and Possible Tendencies
Conclusions
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Since the beginning of the transformation in the countries of Eastern and Central Europe, as well as in the former USSR, the new wave of attention arose in regards to the issue of civil society, its necessity for the building democracies and making society and the regime stronger. Today, an endless number of books are devoted to the problem of the concept of civil society, its history, the way it influences the democratic transformations and making democracies sustainable. Also attempts to define the term and find a proper and perfect place for it in the society system are made. In this paper, I will not try to write another textbook or go into deep criticism of selected works on civil society. Only a brief overview of the theories is necessary to present as a background, or the first ?basement? level of the work."
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"Civil Rights: Rhetoric or Reality?", 2002.
A review of Thomas Sowell's critisism of the civil rights establishment in his book "Civil Rights: Rhetoric or Reality?"
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses Thomas Sowell's "Civil Rights: Rhetoric or Reality?" The paper demonstrates how Sowell criticizes the civil rights establishment and contrasts it with the reality of American society. Sowell shows that there is inequality in American society despite civil rights legislation, and that this reality is supported by statistical evidence.
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