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Inner City Poverty, 2002.
A discussion of the link between poverty, living conditions and the absence of a sense of community with reference to a study of the Tams neighborhood in the near northeast of Rochester, New York.
1,964 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the decay and ruin of inner city neighborhoods, together with a deterioration of the quality of life for residents of those neighborhoods, are routine elements of urban life in the United States. It analyzes some of the issues through an effort to link poverty, living conditions and absence of a sense of community as a paradigm for both understanding the problem and developing solutions. The data for the study was collected through the administration of a survey questionnaire to the residents of a relatively small, depressed inner city neighborhood on the near northeast side of Rochester, New York.
Outline
Introduction
Literature Review
Methods
Results
From the Paper
"Over the past three decades, a major program designed to improve community development through local control and participation has been the Community Development Corporation (CDC) effort. Under the auspices of this program, more than 2,000 CDCs have been created. The program has become the premier conduit through which environmental, economic, social, and political problems confronting distressed urban and rural communities in the United States are addressed (Briggs, Mueller, & Sullivan, 1997)."
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An Analysis of Poverty in Panama City, Panama, 2002.
A discussion of poverty in urban areas in general, using Panama City as a case study.
1,605 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of poverty in cities following recent mass urbanization. It uses Panama City as an example and looks at the social ramifications of poverty, its effects on the wider population of the city and what the authorities are doing to prevent its spread. The issues of crime, drugs, prostitution and child abuse are discussed.
From the Paper
"Just like other capitals and major cities in Latin America and other developing countries, Panama City is the destination for urbanization from the surrounding areas. Forming new communities and enlarging suburban areas, the urban people have added burden to the city sustainable area and deteriorate the whole condition with more social problems as the effect of the urbanization. The poverty level increases as indicated by the number of unemployment, low wages, job cuts, inability to adapt to the fare hike, increasing number of street children from time to time, and the rising social riots and demonstration fashion as well as the crime rate. There is an unbalanced condition caused by social gap, excessive urbanization, poor city planning, corruption, and deteriorating environmental support on the Panama Canal that possibly had caused the poverty."
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The Port Cities of New York City & Dublin, 2001.
This paper compares two large urban port cities: Dublin and New York City.
2,410 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper illustrates the issues of large urban port cities as seen in Dublin and New York City. The paper provides an in-depth history of each city and compares the social issues of the urban environment, ethnic diversity, poverty and crime.
From the Paper
"New York City is generally considered the doorway to America. It is the largest city in the nation, seven million strong, and a main hub of financial activity. This is probably the most racially and ethnically diverse of the large American cities, the epitome of the melting pot. A third of the population is of African descent, fifteen percent are Jewish, twelve percent Hispanic. Other ethnic populations have a vocal presence, including the Irish, Italian, Chinese, Korean, Indian, and other Asians. If one city has represent urban America over the last 200 years, it would be the harbor city of New York, New York.
" Across the Atlantic ocean lies another city, a little farther from the ocean, though not much. It is the ?fair city? of Dublin, that capitol of the Republic of Ireland. This is a fairly heterogeneous city, for it is the center of 4,000 year old struggle for cultural sanctity and independence. The vast majority of the citizens are Irish or British nationals, Christian and white. Most are Roman Catholic, and the largest ?minority? are the British Protestants. One fourth of the citizens of Ireland, approximately 900,000 souls all told, now live in Dublin and its suburbs, and its name is becoming synonymous with Irish culture and tradition."
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Redefining Poverty, 2003.
Explores the need to redefine the term 'poverty' to improve poverty alleviation strategies.
6,500 words (approx. 26.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 149.95
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Abstract
The term 'poverty' does not have as clear-cut a definition as many suppose. In the past, the World Bank defined it as a form of economic deprivation, inhibiting access to necessary resources such as food, medication, shelter, or clothing. This paper shows, however, that by 2001, the World Bank realized that the definition of poverty as "deprivation of income" was simply too limited and limiting because it viewed poverty only from the economic perspective, overlooking the social perspective. It is limiting because the economic definition of poverty engenders poverty alleviation strategies, which aim to improve the economic status of individuals, communities, and areas by addressing the economic infrastructure alone, overlooking the fact that the social and political infrastructures may be, and often are, equally responsible for poverty. The paper shows that realization of the mentioned limitations motivated the World Bank to redefine poverty as used in its annual reports. This new definition, holding poverty to be a "pronounced deprivation of well-being," does address some of the limitations of the older definition, but is not a comprehensive definition. Additionally, it has failed to engender new poverty measurement variables, maintaining the same limited and limiting ones used in the earlier definition.
Outline
Definition
Measurements of Poverty
Social and Political Deprivation
Choice in Poverty
Alleviation Strategies
Criticism of Alleviation Strategies
Re-Emphasizing a New Definition of Poverty
Case Discussion and Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In other words, poverty is the absence of equality and equal opportunity. If one considers this definition carefully, especially in light of the areas of inequality highlighted by Todaro, one sees the rationale behind, and the validity of, this definition. Quite simply stated, the unequal status of women and minority groups in many LDC's determines the inability of those groups to access economic independence or even the opportunity for stable employment at fair wages. If we go a step beyond, one will note that resistance to employing women, consequent to patriarchal cultural attitudes prevalent in many LDC's such as rural Egypt, culminates in the exclusion of a significant percentage of the population from participating in national economic development efforts."
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The Sociology of Poverty and Welfare, 2005.
A sociological perspective on poverty and welfare, including a sociological definition of poverty, explanations for poverty and welfare, and an evaluation of the explanations.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
The paper researches the sociology of poverty and welfare. The paper identifies the conflict and individualistic and cultural perspectives in poverty and welfare, gives a description of six sociological explanations relating to the two identified perspectives of poverty and welfare, and evaluates three of the sociological explanations. Further, this paper gives a description of at least eight sociological studies of welfare and poverty, with at least four representing the different sociological perspectives, as well as four evaluations of the sociological studies. Finally, this paper provides a description of four main constraints, which could affect the work of sociologists in their study of welfare and poverty.
Statement of Thesis
Review of Literature
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Defining elements in culture are those of language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed through generation to generation. Further culture can be separated into subgroups of material culture and nonmaterial culture. Components within a culture are inclusive of symbols, gestures, language, values, norms and sanctions, folkways and mores." Those who participate in social research or sociologists place their reliance on three main theoretical frameworks which are symbolic intereactionism which is defined in the focus on languaging and human relationship elements in intimate group settings which gives emphasis to the construction and communication by the individual through use of symbols or micro-analysis. In the thinking of today there is little disagreement that there is not an existence of a definitive in poverty that is "the" end-all in relating the meaning of the existence demonstrating the meaning of poverty. Globalization is new in the theorem arena in relation to reflect on poverty. The studies that are recent in relation to: "globalization, regionalization and their local manifestation in 'globalization' revealed an extraordinary variety of micro-social" causal factors and reasons within the framework of social processes and consequences that are of a broader nature."
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Lee Jacobs' Article: "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty", 2008.
This paper analyzes governmental influences on case poverty and insular poverty in Southeast Asia based on the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This study critically analyzes the idea of case poverty and insular ioverty in the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs. The paper explains that, by understanding the different types of poverty that keep many in the lower echelons of society, Galbraith positions that case poverty is a real concept in determining those that cannot function effectively within society. The paper further suggest that, by critical evaluating this concept, one can argue that Galbraith shows a great deal of insight into poverty, and what factors keep members of a population in the lower classes through government intervention. The paper then applies this concept to the poor in Southeast Asian countries.
From the Paper
"These ironic features that are contained within economic barren areas reflect the way that governmental development influences what is to be deemed insular poverty. For instance, if a country like Cambodia has resources in rice, a lack of government development could make Cambodia behave within Galbraith's definition of insular poverty without geographical isolation. ...
"This factor further helps develop the terms of poverty that are imposed upon people, through the so-called insular factors of poverty."
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America's War on Poverty, 2002.
An analysis of the effectiveness of welfare reform on poverty and anti-poverty policy in the U.S..
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper will take a critical look at poverty and anti-poverty policy in the US. Intuitively, it is easy to make the hypothesis that spending more on poverty is better for the greater good. For instance, states with greater percentages of their population below the poverty line should spend more to reduce the incidence of poverty in their jurisdictions. In reality, however, this hypothesis has proven to be invalid. This paper will argue that, rather than improving, poverty is becoming more prevalent.
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Insular and Case Poverty, 2005.
This paper analyzes governmental influence on case poverty and insular poverty, using the article 'The Position of Poverty' by John Kenneth Galbraith.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the article by Jacobs that reflects Galbraith's theory on Insular and Case Poverty shows certain principles that are correctly adhered to in certain ways, but are delineated in other cases by government corruption. In this manner, many Southeast Asian countries are underdeveloped or overdeveloped depending on how governments structure their class systems. By analyzing this article, there is a greater comprehension of how class is developed through governmental support or non-support in relation to defining aspects of poverty in the modern era.
From the Paper
"This poverty study critically analyzes the idea of Case Poverty and Insular Poverty in the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs. By understanding the different types of poverty that keep many in the lower echelons of society, Galbraith positions that Case Poverty is a real concept in determining those that cannot function effectively within society. By critical evaluating this concept, one can argue that Galbraith shows a great deal of insight into poverty, and what factors keep members of a population in the lower classes through government intervention. The first defining aspect of Case Poverty is clearly related by Galbraith in identifying those that cannot function on the same level as other members within a given society."
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Poverty in Cleveland, 2002.
An insight into history of poverty in Cleveland and its relationship with segregation.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This examines and analyzes poverty in the city of Cleveland, and identifies the characteristics of those who were and are poor. The nature of and change in the profile of poverty over time is discussed, as is the fact that there are correlations between segregation and poverty in major American cities.
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Poverty, 2006.
A discussion regarding poverty, the causes and possible solutions.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial issue of poverty, poverty in the USA, what poverty in a developing country such as Ethiopia is, what the solutions appear to be for ending poverty, and who is ultimately responsible for poverty. The paper concludes that poverty is something best resolved through education and informational exchange across countries and that the blame for poverty should not be affixed to those who are poor, but to those in government whose poor decision-making have exacerbated poverty in some communities.
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Poverty in the United States, 2006.
Present's the author's personal opinion as to why there is still poverty in the United States.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the problem of poverty in the United States and questions why there is so much poverty amongst so much wealth. The author says that poverty can be seen no matter where you go in the United States. The same city that has many mansions can also have decrepit shacks with no heat or running water. The same city that has a society section in its newspaper also posts auctions for homes being sold for tax money. The author of the paper asks why is it that such discrepancies exist and whether it is possible to determine the cause for such poverty.
From the Paper
"The problem, it seems to me, would be that although access to wealth exists, that wealth is not shared by the community. Instead, those individuals who live in those columned houses have investments, country homes in other counties or states, and tax shelters, securely locking away their money for future generations of their families. Although perhaps simplistic, it would seem that if the wealthy members of the community would unlock some of the money they possess and..."
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Poverty in America, 2006.
A look at the problem of poverty among children in America and the failure to pull these children out of the cycle of poverty.
2,749 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the poverty-stricken, desperate situations of approximately 12.5 million poor children in America and looks at the failure of the educational system to improve their plight. The paper describes the serious implications for a society so divided by class, traces the problems of today's schools back to the years after the second world war, explains how the way that public schools are financed in America contributes to the problem of social and educational inequality and explains how the current economic situation in America is making the problem of poverty and lack of opportunity for poor children even worse. Additionally, the paper provides a plan for addressing the problem of poverty which includes implementing school-governance teams and new teaching methods and revitalizing inner cities.
From the Paper
"The United States contains approximately 12.5 million poor children. Of these, 72% inhabit the central cities and their greater vicinities (US Dept. of Ed. 1987, 5). Many people view education as a way to move out of these deplorable conditions. The innercities of America contain many of these conditions but the educational system is not helping them. A large majority of school-age youths are not able to move ahead because their dropout rates are a full three times higher than for the children of the affluent (US Dept. of Ed. 1987, 3). The level of care and education the destitute receive is very poor. Much of this has to do with the economics of education. Schools rely on funding from local and federal governments as well as local property taxes for support and operation and the funding to schools in the urban districts needs to be increased to equalize the disparity in schooling received by poor students and their middle and upper-class counterparts."
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Poverty & Black Liberation, 1990.
This paper is a study of poverty, official poverty policy and the politics of Black Liberation: Civil rights, riots of 1960s, black radical leaders, economics and jobs and the welfare system.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"This is a study of poverty, official poverty policy, and the politics of Black Liberation--its checkered past and uncertain future. Why did black ghettoes explode in the 1960s, immediately in the wake of the Civil Rights revolution? And why have they failed to explode, at least in the dramatic sense of mass rioting, in the 1980s, when the condition of the black poor in our inner cities seems worse than ever? Is the politics of black liberation dead? or is it ready to re-emerge in a new form? These are questions which we will attempt to touch on in the following pages.
If you hear the phrases "poverty in America," or "the poor," "the underclass," or even "the inner city," and they trigger any mental image, chances are that the image you will form is one of poor Americans who happen to be black. Our stereotyped image of ... "
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Poverty?s Worst Enemy, 2002.
A discussion of the effect of globalization on international poverty.
5,914 words (approx. 23.7 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how poverty is a global social problem and how people in various regions of the world experience it differently. It looks at how globalization accounts for an increased awareness of poverty as a global problem. It evaluates how the world-systems theory provides a simple explanation for the existence and continuance of poverty, the more powerful states exploit the weaker ones for production and sales and how this approach fails to account for other causes of poverty such as the presence of an authoritarian regime that has failed to open up to today?s global economy, as is the case in Iran.
Outline
What is the Extent of Poverty Worldwide?
How Do Particular People or Countries Experience Poverty?
How Can Theories of Globalization Help to Explain Poverty?
How Does Economic Globalization Contribute to the Problem?
How Does Political Globalization Affect Poverty?
How Does Cultural Globalization Affect Poverty?
Conclusions: The Globalization Debate
From the Paper
"What would be a better tool to measure human development? The Human Development Index (HDI) works better as a simple measure of human well-being than the Purchasing Power Parity. Every year, the United Nations releases an updated report on the HDI, measuring a country?s achievements in three aspects of human development?longevity, knowledge, and standard of living. Longevity involves measuring life expectancy at birth; knowledge is a measurement of adult literacy and combined gross primary, secondary, and tertiary enrolment ratio; and finally, the standard of living is measured by GDP per capita using the Purchasing Power Parity in U.S. dollars. Allow the HDI uses the PPP, it takes into account other factors, such as life expectancy and education, in determining the broad issue of human development. Even the HDI is not enough to measure a country?s level of development since it does not reflect certain issues such as political participation and gender inequalities."
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