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Cigarette Ad Analysis, 2004.
An analysis of an advertisement for Virginia Slims ?Kings? version cigarettes.
995 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an analytical assessment of a cigarette advertisement that appeared in a magazine. The paper claims that the advertisement seems to make a strange variety of false and even absurd claims for the cigarettes, based purely on the non-related advertising imagery. The paper contends that the images and the messages portrayed by the juxtaposition between these images and stories and the product being sold make silent arguments of their own, which are particularly fallacious and at the same time oddly amusing.
From the Paper
"This connection between the power which enabled Hatshepsut to take the throne and the power of addiction which links women to their cigarettes could also be construed as something of a false analogy. This ad appeals to penis envy, in a a very Freudian sense, falsely suggesting that the phallus of a cigarette can replace the phallus of a penis which women may wish they have. To understand how obvious this phallus imagery is, one needs only follow the obvious links -- the mention of women needing to know their place and that this place is to become (a male gendered) king by taking on a new length to be enjoyed."
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Cartier Cigarette Ad, 1991.
A look at the ad from the October, 1990 issue of "Vanity Fair" including an analysis of visualization, layout, copy style, product, target market and effectiveness.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"This research addresses an advertisement for Cartier cigarettes which ran in the October 1990 issue of Vanity Fair magazine, between pages 178 and 180. Included in this paper is a description of the ad itself, including visualization, layout, balance and copy style, an analysis of the product itself, an examination of the target market for this product, and a determination of whether the ad is successful.
The advertisement is a full-page full-color ad with no bleed. Most of the ad is white space. The headline is centered and run in two lines of gold script: "The touch/is pure Cartier." There is one rule above and one below this headline, both of which extend to the end of the bottom (longer) line of copy. This copy is run in approximately 48 point type.
Beneath the headline is a photograph of the product, Cartier..."
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Cigarette Smoking and Cancer, 2007.
This paper discusses the relationship between cigarette smoking and cancer.
703 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies the extent to which cigarette smoking is responsible for cancer and the types of cancers caused by smoking. The paper examines the main cancer-causing ingredients in cigarette smoke and explains how they cause cancer.
Outline:
Abstract
How Far is Cigarette Smoking Responsible for Causing Cancer
Types of Cancer Caused by Cigarette Smoking
Cancer-causing Ingredients in Cigarette Smoke
The Cancer-Causing Mechanism
From the Paper
"A major WHO Cancer Report in 2003 identifies tobacco consumption as "the most important avoidable cancer risk" worldwide ("Global Cancer Rates" 2003). According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute , "cigarette smoking alone is directly responsible for approximately 30 percent of all cancer deaths annually in the United States" ("Cigarette Smoking and Cancer," 2004). Since active smoking is a purely voluntary act, these statistics make cigarette smoking the single most preventable cause of death in the United States. Statistics on Cancer in other developed countries are no different with approximately a third of all cancer deaths in the UK being attributable to smoking in the year 2000 ("Fact sheet No. 4" 2005). Although the rising smoking trend in the developed world, including the United States, has reversed in recent decades due to increased awareness about the harmful effects of smoking, it is increasing in the developing world by 3.4% per year ("Tobacco and the Developing World," 2007). "
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Public Policy and Cigarette Labeling, 2004.
Uses John Kingdon?s model of public policy to trace the history of labeling the dangers of smoking on cigarette boxes.
2,183 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
When the dangers of smoking became public knowledge, the movement to have cigarettes labeled began. This paper traces the path that led to the creation of labels on cigarette packages through the study of John Kingdon?s model of public policy and shows that cigarette labeling is one of the most classic examples of Kingdon?s model in action. The paper shows that public pressure, the grass roots movements, and the window of opportunity all came together to make the government force tobacco companies to warn their own customers of the dangers in their product.
From the Paper
"When a group or an individual has the desire to garner government funds for a purpose they are in a race with many other groups or individuals who want the same thing for their cause. This creates a type of vacuum in which all of the ideas, and desires are jumbled together in one large area called lobbying. Lobbying is the path the group takes to gain both public and political support for their cause. Lobbying is done before the bill ever reaches voting stages and it is where most desires for government backing or funding die. For a group to be successful in their desire to get their concerns to the voting floor they must take advantage of the window that is created by things such as public awareness, litigation and other factors. When this window occurs, the iron is hot and it is the best time to strike according to the Kingdon model."
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Cigarette Advertisements and Women, 2004.
This research deals with cigarette advertisements aimed at women.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 13 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
In this study, the writer examines cigarette advertisements that are aimed at women. The writer argues that the advertisements represent harmful speech and should not have First Amendment protection. The writer looks at the move in the 1990's against cigarette advertising and discusses consumer needs rather than the needs of big business.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the proposition that cigarette advertisements aimed towards women are in violation of the First Amendment. The plan of the research will be to show that the ads represent an instance of harmful speech and that as such, they are in direct violation of the First Amendment guarantee to be protected from such speech."
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Cigarette Marketing, 2004.
Examines the political and legal environment for cigarette marketing in the U.S. and other world markets.
1,232 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
As society has become more health savvy, the cigarette industry has had to confront new and potentially devastating challenges to its business. The legal, political, and other challenges it faces occur both in the United States and abroad. This paper covers issues such as ethics, advertising, health organizations, and restrictions. It examines the innovative ways that cigarette companies have developed to market their products, despite the growing opposition and restrictions.
From the Paper
"In Eastern Europe, cigarette manufacturers occasionally openly defy restrictions, spotting the weakness of the local laws in countries such as Hungary. In addition, cigarette manufacturers have also used philanthropic efforts as marketing ploys. Donating money and materials to a variety of causes from hospitals and schools to senior centers and homeless shelters, the cigarette manufacturers have found a potent branding opportunity in generosity."
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Cigarette Addiction, 2002.
A paper which argues that cigarette addiction is not only due to the chemical nicotine in the products.
658 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that cigarettes are perhaps the most dangerous and addictive legal stimulant available on the market today. Experts say that smoking cigarettes becomes addictive because of the carefully manipulated levels of the chemical nicotine that tobacco companies put into their products. The paper argues, however, that cigarettes are addictive for more than this one reason. It explains that people become physically hooked on cigarettes because of nicotine, but then become psychologically addicted due to pure habit, the actions associated with smoking, and social reasons.
From the Paper
"The actions related with smoking a cigarette also play a part in addiction. First, there is the initial ?packing? of the cigarettes when a new pack is bought. One must hit the pack several times on their hand to get the tobacco as ?packed? as possible and get a stronger hit of nicotine. After that, some people turn one cigarette upside down and smoke that one last for good luck. Next there is lighting up, which causes great excitement because the smoker knows they will be getting their five minute fix. Next is the burning sensation that smokers feel in their throat. Though, it may hurt a bit it is also pleasurable because it goes along with the whole cigarette experience."
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Cigarette Advertising, 2008.
This paper explores the issue of cigarette advertising from a normative ethical perspective.
1,443 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the complex ethical questions involved in the debate over limiting the power of cigarette manufacturers to advertise. The paper explains that while limiting advertising can be justified from a utilitarian perspective, from a Kantian perspective of rights, such a limitation presents grave implications for the future of our society. The paper argues that a normative approach to this issue would be to recognize the importance of "rule utilitarianism" as opposed to pure utilitarianism as the key determinant of government action.
From the Paper
"The current situation would suggest that there is a clear and present for governments to take action given the need to protect the public interest, together with the need to counteract the resources available to the tobacco industry to sell their product. Indeed, the history of cigarette advertising is such that it would seem this argument is almost unquestionable. For example, this industry has a long history of using advertising to appeal to young people and the public at large by covertly covering up the effects of tobacco. Following following the end of World War II, the RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co. boasted that "More Doctors Smoke Camels Than Any Other Cigarette" (Waxman). This advertising claim carried the clear implication that the medical community as a whole endorses "Camels" cigarettes. While no tobacco company would dare to make such a statement today, that does not stop the industry from trying to make smoking appear cool to teenagers."
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Cigarette Advertising, 2008.
This paper analyzes cigarette advertising in Canada, especially the ethical aspects.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explain that, when strategically analyzing cigarette advertising in Canadian, emphasis must be placed upon what could realistically be achieved given the range of conflicting interests of all of the stakeholders in this debate. The author points out that the Supreme Court of Canada in the mid-1990s struck down a carefully crafted Canadian government policy, which radically restricted advertising by tobacco companies. The paper stresses that any successful advertising strategy must form a balance between utility and rights. The author relates that the concept of rule utilitarianism is a normative ethical model that provides us with some guidance in developing a strategic approach. The paper states that this model suggests that the advertising must not only be considered in terms of pure utility but also in terms of what is practically achievable given the complex range of interested stakeholders.
From the Paper
"Within these parameters, a strategic approach would balance the utility to the Canadian public from less tobacco promotion with the rights of freedom of expression of the tobacco companies to sell their products. It would be likely, for example, that the courts would consider a ban on advertising in media where it may be easily encountered by minors/children to be an acceptable limitation on the tobacco companies' freedom of expression. For example, cigarette advertising could be banned from television, movies and radio, as these media have a considerable youth audience."
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Cigarette Smoking Health Effects in Men, 2001.
An examination of the impacts of cigarette smoking on health with focus on men smokers.
2,330 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of premature death. Men who smoke are most at risk of death from lung cancer. The author argues that smokers are in great danger of dangerous health effects from smoking and discusses the various impacts caused by smoking.
From the Paper
'Causing more than 400,000 deaths each year, tobacco usage is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Additionally, the direct medical costs amount more than $50 billion per year. More people are harmed and killed by smoking every year than they die of alcohol, drug abuse, AIDS, murders, car crashes, fires, and suicides. Nationally, more than 5 million years of potential life are lost each year as a result of smoking. Every day, nearly 3,000 young people under the age of 18 become regular smokers. Approximately 80% of adult smokers start smoking before the age of 18. Furthermore, approximately five million children presently living will die prematurely because of the decision to smoke cigarettes at adolescence."
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The Effects of Cigarette Smoking, 2000.
An overview of the effects of cigarette smoking.
1,505 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the short-term and long-term effects of cigarette smoking, including effects on children and the effects of second-hand smoke.
From the Paper
"There are many effects of cigarette smoking on the actual smoker. They include lung cancer and other cancers, cardiovascular malfunctions, strokes, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Cigarette smoking may even lead to changes in the smoker?s appearance such as early wrinkling and yellowing of their teeth."
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Banning Of Cigarette Adverts, 1988.
Discusses the pros & cons and concludes ads should be prohibited. Examines economics, legal & health factors, target market, First Amendment issues and compares with alcohol.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether or not cigarette advertisements should be banned. The paper will present both the pro and con points of view on the issue. It will then conclude by taking the position that advertising for cigarettes should indeed be prohibited.
At this point in time, cigarette manufacturers spend over two billion dollars per year on the advertisement of their products. Of that total, over six hundred million dollars goes to newspaper and magazine advertising; almost three million dollars goes to billboard advertising; almost one hundred fifty million dollars are spent on give-away promotions; and sixty million dollars are used for investment in public entertainment activities such as sports and cultural events (?Ban Cigarette Advertising?? 1987, p. 568). It is apparent from these figures that(...)"
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Cigarette Smoking Health Effects in Men, 2002.
A look at this dangerous trend and its affect on men's health.
2,335 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The paper details about the cigarette smoking health effects in men. It shows how cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the United States and gives the facts and figure (data & tables), for proof. It also examines the effects on fertility in men and different diseases caused by smoking.
From the Paper
"Causing more than 400,000 deaths each year, tobacco usage is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Additionally, the direct medical costs amount more than $50 billion per year. More people are harmed and killed by smoking every year than they die of alcohol, drug abuse, AIDS, murders, car crashes, fires, and suicides. Nationally, more than 5 million years of potential life are lost each year as a result of smoking. Every day, nearly 3,000 young people under the age of 18 become regular smokers. Approximately 80% of adult smokers start smoking before the age of 18. Furthermore, approximately five million children presently living will die prematurely because of the decision to smoke cigarettes at adolescence."
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Demand and Supply in Relation to Cigarette Smoking., 2008.
An economic analysis surrounding the issues of habitual smoking.
830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes issues connected to tobacco use in which the author has focused on microeconomic principles surrounding demand and supply. After analyzing the cigarette market and economic growth the paper creates a logical and coherent model that explores the issue of cigarette consumption. The author has included graphs and diagrams to support the discussion.
From the Paper
"The analysis below presents issue surrounding tobacco use. Everyday I see people smoking cigarettes, and sometimes wonder about using economic analysis to explain this habit. Some may argue that it's a social issue and as such its analysis should fall within the realm of other social sciences rather than economics. Nevertheless, after perusing the chapters of the text, I have been able to use the concept/tools from the economics text to analyze this issue. I have presented the findings below. The analysis focuses on microeconomic principles surrounding demand and supply, and focuses on smaller individual units, since tobacco use is best analyzed within that realm, rather than the broader aggregates that macroeconomics would explore (Miller 3).
"Economics refers to how best to use limited resources to satisfy unlimited once, and centers on the issue of scarcity. That is, because there are limited resources, individual have to make choices, by making choices, there are trade-offs, the cost of the next best alternative after a choice is made, is called the opportunity cost of that particular action (Miller 2)."
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Alcohol and Cigarette Advertising, 2004.
An analysis of the advertising techniques of alcohol and tobacco companies.
1,820 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the hypothesis that alcohol and cigarette advertising leads to increased drinking and smoking, specifically, among youth. The paper presents several examples of advertisements, illustrating how they create a certain image for the target group. The paper contends that, while studies cannot prove that advertising leads to greater consumption, the moderate, positive association is consistent across survey studies.
From the Paper
"Alcohol and tobacco are among the most heavily advertised products within the media industry, including magazine, newspaper, broadcast, and outdoor advertising (Pfleger Pp). According to a 2001 report, the six major tobacco companies spend approximately $6 billion annually on advertising and promotion in the United States alone (Pfleger Pp). Measured media is roughly $800 million a year for beer, $321 million for liquor, and $120 million for wine, and if sponsorships and promotions were added, these numbers would likely increase (Pfleger Pp). Despite legislation to curb tobacco and alcohol advertising, especially to youths, the companies are still getting their messages across to their targets."
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