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Christianity: The Complete Philosophy, 2002.
Defining Christianity as a philosophy and showing how it compares to and completes classical philosophies.
5,873 words (approx. 23.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper is very in-depth and complex as it delves into Greek and Classical philosophy and the Christian religion with its Jewish roots. The paper discusses differences and similarities between different classical philosophies and Christian thought and how each has influenced the other. The paper first defines Christianity as a philosophy and explains why it can be considered as such; it sets up a basis for comparison. Then the paper discusses the similarities between Christianity and "pagan" philosophies. When that subject is exhausted, it moves on to contrast the two. After the general classic philosophies, the paper compares and contrasts the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle, specifically, to Christianity. Finally, the paper "presents an argument for Christianity as a complete philosophy in the manner in which it can satisfy discrepancies in other philosophies while defending some of its own." The paper looks at problems with Greek philosophies and how Christianity solved them or presented an alternative.
From the Paper
?Men of Athens! I see that in every way you are very religious. For as I walked around and looked carefully at your objects of worship, I even found an altar with this inscription: TO AN UNKNOWN GOD. Now what you worship as something unknown, I am going to proclaim to you? (Acts 17:22-23, NIV). These words, spoken by Paul, mark the introduction of Christianity in Athens, Greece, a center of philosophy in the ancient world. Paul goes on to explain the heart of the religion to a group of Epicureans and Stoics in the marketplace. Some of the men ?sneer? at him, but others ask him to speak of these ?strange ideas? more so that they can understand. Acts 17:34 goes on to tell of several Greeks who become Christians as a result of Paul?s message. The acceptance of Christianity as a new and interesting idea by some of the Athenian philosophers implies several things: first, that Christianity was itself viewed as a philosophy; second, that Christianity must have had something in common with the major philosophies of the day; and finally, that Christianity must have offered to some what the other philosophies of the day did not. Making these statements at this point in my paper may seem presumptuous; however, I am prepared to discuss my conclusions, first by showing that Christianity is a philosophy in the true sense of the word, then by comparing it to other philosophies, and finally, by showing how it ?fills in the gaps? of other Greek philosophies."
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The Christian vs Non-Christian Approach., 2006.
A review of Christian and Non-Christian solutions to social problems.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the concept of social problems and how they are perceived and dealt with differently by Christians and non-Christians. The types of problems this paper discusses include substance abuse and domestic violence. Both of these subjects are viewed very similarly by modern Christians as well as non-Christians, although historically this was not always the case.
From the Paper
"There are many social problems that plague western society, from alcoholism to serious drug abuse, from teen pregnancy to spousal battery. For as many problems as we have, there are a variety of causes and solutions that have been presented. One way of categorizing the types of solutions offered are as Christian and as non-Christian. It would take volumes to fully list and describe all of the social problems and the multitudinous solutions offered by Christians and non-Christians alike, so only a few will get attention here."
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Christian and Non-Christian Religions, 2002.
Compares differences and some similarities in ritual and belief in non-Christian (African) and Christian (Baptist) religion.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 23.95
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Abstract
Compares differences and some similarities in ritual & belief in non-Christian (African) and Christian (Baptist) religion. Examines the cultural differences related to these religions for Africans and African-Americans. Historical Baptist ties to slavery. Imposition of Christianity on slaves. Nature of worship. Survival of African religioius spirit and experience in religioius beliefs of African Americans in the U.S.
From the Paper
"There are important differences in ritual and belief between the non-Christian religion (African) described in Marimba Ani's Let the Circle Be Unbroken and the Christian religion (Baptist) described in Albert J. Raboteau's Slave Religion. The most obvious difference is that the Baptist religion has Jesus Christ at its center as God in human form, while the African religions had a number of gods. However, the greatest difference is found in the cultural differences related to those religions. The African religion is a part of a cultural tradition reaching far back in the history of Africans and African-Americans. The African religion symbolizes freedom and independence. The Baptist religion, on the other hand, symbolizes, at least in part, a brief history tied in with slavery and dependence on a culture which was foreign to Africans. In part, the Baptist religion was ..."
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Christian Attempts to Convert Jews to Christianity, 2007.
An overview of historical and modern attempts at conversion.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the attempts of Christians to convert Jews, including an analysis of their successes and failures. Much of the information available on conversion attempts has focused on historical efforts at converting the Jews to Christianity. As such the primary emphasis of this document includes an overview of historical efforts at conversion. In modern society, most Christian faiths - including those that once persecuted the Jews with much enthusiasm - have focused their efforts on causes other than conversion. Still, even in contemporary society there is evidence that certain faiths, the Baptist faith in particular, still believes they have a moral obligation to convert the remaining population of Jews to Christianity. Their attempts, successes and failures in this respect are explored in the second half of this analysis.
From the Paper
"Other attempts have been made by the Evangelical church to convert Jews to Christianity, or to suppress the rights of Jews and the Jewish faith (Wikipedia, 2005). This trend began in early history, with Charles Semeon of the Evangelical church stating that the efforts at conversion including daily prayers for the conversion of Jews were as much a part of Christianity and "the finest flower of Evangelicalism" (Ragussis, 4). The Evangelicals have often been cited as agreeing with the Southern Baptist Convention, which suggests that it is the duty of Christians to continue in their attempts to convert Jews (Wikipedia, 2005)."
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Early Christianity, 2006.
A review of early Christianity and a discussion regarding how it helped to shape the Christianity of today.
5,706 words (approx. 22.8 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the factors that were responsible for the formation of Christianity, particularly in the context of Orthodoxy and Heresy. In other words, the paper discusses how Christianity became Christianity as seen through the lenses of Orthodoxy and Heresy. The research explores several defining moments in the history of Christianity including proto-orthodox and the boundary markers that enabled the proto-orthodox to prevail and become the dominant religion of the empire from the first through the fourth century.
Outline:
Introduction
Proto-Orthodox
Heretical Text and Heretical Doctrines
The Rule of Faith and Apostolic Succession
Gender
The Appeal to Jewish Antiquity
Future Research
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In addition to docetic theologies there were other theologies that emerged and were deemed to be heretical by the proto-orthodoxy. Among these was the adoptionists theology. This particular theology asserted that Jesus was a man but he was not divine. They also asserted that Jesus was adopted by God as his son (Grant). Those that held this view asserted that there were church traditions that solidified this view but just what these church traditions were differed greatly from that of proto-orthodox Christians (Grant). Adoptionists also claimed that all Christian held the aforementioned doctrine. However proto-orthodox Christians argued that the doctrine of the adoptionists was in opposition to scriptures (Grant). They also asserted that Christian apologists and anti-heretical authors had throughout history, declared that Jesus was God or that Jesus was both God and Man (Grant). In addition both hymns and psalms that were written from the beginning of time describe Christ as the Logos and describe him as God (Grant). "
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Christianity in the West, 2002.
A summary of John Bossy's book "Christianity in the West 1400 to 1700" which deals with the development of Christianity and the role of the Church.
1,269 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how John Bossy in his book, "Christianity in the West 1400 to 1700" examines the type of traditional Christian community that existed in 1400 and then considers how it changed over the next three centuries into a different sort of religious community, a process he refers to as "translation." The year 1400, according to the paper, is appropriate as a starting point, because nothing happened that year, so Christianity is held in a sort of stasis for that period. This came after the Great Schism had been taking place for two decades, dividing the community into two parts, with two popes.
From the Paper
"The beginning point is when the Christian community was what we would now deem Catholic, while the end point involved a division into Catholicism and Protestantism, the latter being further divided into a number of specific sects based on some variation in beliefs. In 1400, the theory of salvation that prevailed was that of St. Anselm, a Benedictine theologian, a doctor of the church, the archbishop of Canterbury, and a Christian saint. Anselm is best known for an ontological argument for the existence of God, an argument that is still debated, and for an argument concerning a defense and explanation of free will. His view of salvation was that Adam and Eve had disobeyed God while in the Garden of Eden and so had "erected between themselves and him a state of offence which had entailed the exclusion from paradise" (3-4). Before man could be restored to a state of grace a price had to be paid. Bossy finds that there are two important axioms involved in this view: 1) the first is about satisfaction and holds that an act of retributive compensation must be paid to restore a relationship between two parties; and 2) the second involves kinship and holds that only those related to the offender by generation are involved in this process. This led Anselm to be obsessed with the issue of Christ's humanity, for Christ had to be human and so related to the original offenders in order to expiate the sins of mankind."
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The Dynamics of Christianity around the World, 2008.
This paper discusses the patterns by which twenty-five countries experienced the arrival of Christianity.
4,295 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, whether a person's experience of Christianity is evangelical or just awareness of ancestors who long ago adopted the religion, there is often the idea of Christianity as a catalyst for positive change. The author points out that the theme of monotheism as superior and as a marker of civilization combines well with other stabilizing projects wherever Christianity is taken. The paper relates that, if a religion favors one god that values humble efforts at getting along with others, a powerful personal philosophy for dignity can be found in situations of poverty and perhaps extreme oppression. The author underscores that, in the early 21st century, the same cycle of Christian myths and allegories continues even in a world that seems more secular, devoted to a religion of consumerism. The paper states that the early 21st century is dramatized as a time of Muslim and Christian activism, including theories of colliding civilizations, religions and cultures; however, this situation has become merely as politicized as they were in the Middle Ages. The paper describes Christianity in several countries.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
In the Beginning
One God Better
Underdogs, Again
Christian Myths
Christian Beginnings
Into the Present
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"The New Testament repeats the message of God preferring the humble of the earth, forgiving every kind of human sin if an individual, of any kind, makes a genuine effort to turn over a new leaf. The New Testament appends the letters of Paul, a reprobate turned Christian, who went to tell Gentiles of the good news, the divine nature of the departed Jesus and the hope that he offered to ordinary people. A favorite Christian theme, in keeping with its roots in Judaism and what came later in Islam, is the superiority of one god above polytheistic religions."
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Christianity in Korea, 2005.
This paper discusses the history of Christianity within Korea and possible reasons for the vast number of those practicing Christian religions in the country, despite constant efforts by government authority to dissuade the population.
3,730 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the last several decades, the expansion of Christianity in Korea, particularly in South Korea, has grown to become the largest religion in the country. The author points out (1) that Catholicism was introduced in 1784 and nurtured with the influx of Protestant missionaries in 1884 and (2) that, from the early search for Christianity by Korean scholars through many invasions and persecutions, the Korean people have battled to retain their rights to religious freedom. The paper relates that, unlike other cultures whose creationist beliefs stemmed from polytheism, the Korean people's beliefs were already founded on monotheistic ideas in that, according to their Creation concepts, the creator was Hananium, who had a son, Hwan-ung, who fathered a human son, Tangun, who "created the nation of Korea";therefore, the Christian churches did not have to go against the Korean traditional teachings of creation but instead incorporated Christianity into their existing structures.
From the Paper
"The Christians that fled, however, soon realized that the conditions in the south, while superior, was still complicated. Missionaries had begun to revisit the area, but there were countless sects of Protestants that had net been established previously. Additionally, with the Korean War near, and with the Communist conviction that Catholics were "American sympathizers", many Christians who could not escape were killed (Min, 321). However, with the aid provided by many Western countries in the years following the war, Christianity blossomed, and with the provisions of relief food and medical supplies by the missionaries, the Korean people against began to view Christianity in a positive light."
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Judaism: A Foreshadowing of Christianity, 2003.
A discussion of the similarities between Judaism and Christianity through the teachings of Paul.
1,346 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the covenant between God and "His" people and shows how God's covenant has translated through time and adapted itself to the people. It identifies the similiarities between Judaism and Christianity, but more so, it concedes that Christianity is the type that followed Judaism by using the Old and New Testament with a specific emphasis on Paul's writings. It shows how Paul's views on Christianity and Judaism share the common bonds of the faith and provide the early Christians with an action plan as well as an understanding that Christianity was part of the plan from the very beginning.
From the Paper
"The basis of Judaism is the old covenant, which has its origins at Mt. Sinai when Moses received the Ten Commandments and recorded the other statues concerning the sacrificial system. Paul compares the old covenant to Hagar, (a slave and concubine of Abraham) in Gal. 4:24-26, and admonishes the Galatians to ?Stand fast therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not be entangled again with a yoke of bandage.? (Gal. 5:1) Specifically, the ?yoke of bondage? as mentioned in Gal. 5:1 refers to the old covenant and the practice of those who turned the laws into a burden and who felt that merely obeying the laws would save them."
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A History of Christianity, 2005.
This paper presents the history of Christianity, emphasizing art history, in a thumbnail sketch of each period.
3,740 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Christian art, evolving along with the church, began in the Near East, which was a vast religious and cultural melting pot where all the competing faiths, including Judaism, Christianity, Gnosticism and many others, tended to influence each other. The author points out that the oldest sizeable and coherent body of Christian art, which can be traced to no earlier than 200 AD, is the painted murals in the Roman catacombs and the underground burial places of the Christians. The paper relates that the halo around Jesus' head stems from pagan artists, who used a halo, usually of a gold color, to mark the chief of men and women in their pictures, and from the Romans, who associated it with the cult of light as a special gift from God. Chart. List of illustrations but no illustrations.
Table of Contents
The Early Christian Church - The Jews and the Greeks
Byzantine Art
The Christian Empire
Nuns, Monks, and Priests
Saints and Martyrs
The Virgin Mary
The Halo
The Conversion of the Northern Tribes
The Celts
The English
The Saxons
The Holy Roman Emperor
East Rome
Church of St. Sophia
The Icons, the Iconostasis, and Iconoclasm
Icons
Iconostasis
Iconoclasm
The Mystics
The Effect of Islam
A Comparison of Christianity East and West
Early Christian vs. Byzantine Art
Western Society in the Middle Ages
Popes
Society and Religion
Hell and Purgatory
Gothic Cathedrals and Stain Glass Windows
The Renaissance
Exploration
The Reformation
The Modern Age
From the Paper
"The first celibates in the early Christian church were women who lived lives of chastity and cleaned church buildings. These women also helped tend the sick. Many spiritually oriented celibate males started as hermits but eventually these men grouped together, elected an abbot, and agreed to abide by a set of rules. These first nuns and monks were called Benedictines. Priests were allowed to marry in the early church but the idea of a celibate priesthood was raised as early as 324 AD (Council of Nicene) but this was unenforceable. In the early church, a man could marry before he became a priest and still become a priest. He could not marry if he became a priest before marrying. The ideal of the totally celibate priesthood was not enforceable until the 11th Century. A man who wanted to become a bishop was not allowed to be married.
In the Eastern Orthodox Catholic Church, priests still are allowed to marry before taking final vows."
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The Spread Of Christianity To Japan, 2006.
This well-researched paper examines the historic events that led to the introduction of Christianity into Japan's culture and society, as well as the political leaders who tried to ban its existence.
3,327 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explores how Portuguese and Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries introduced Christianity to Japan in in 16th century. This paper discusses Japan's perception of Christianity which is linked with imperialist culture of the west and was believed to be a threat to the political control in Japan. The writer describes the ban on Christianity between the 17th-19th centuries in which Japan continued to exhibit intense antagonism towards the religion, but, as the imperialist power grew and Christianity dimensions were explored, the ban on the religion was lifted in 1873. This well-researched and informative paper focuses on the spread of Christianity in Japan, the level of acceptance and rejection as well as the history of this particular religion in Japanese culture and society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Coming of the Religion
The Acceptance and Rejection Philosophies
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Japan, long before has been identified with a history of superior political stability that let particular tribe ruler to poise each other out in the dominion of authority . During this time and before this time the presentation of overseas ideas developed in to the religion that we call native for Japan . Because Japan happen to be increasingly integrated into the administration of the imperial family for the duration of the fourth and the fifth centuries, the religious conviction became of tool for political control . Afterwards, albeit the imperial control was in spite of everything, intense, Japan developed into an isle of cultural swap in the middle of China, Korea and further south east Asian nations."
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Christianity in the Roman Empire, 1974.
This paper discusses the Political nature of Christianity in the Roman Empire, its eventual persecution by state and contends that Christianity was an intellectual movement containing little violence.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
" In discussing Christianity in the Roman Empire one is immediately confronted with a problem: all too many people, in-fluenced by Hollywood, have preconceived notions of mass Christian persecutions complete with lions and the roaring crowds. And al-though these have a basis in truth, these persecutions did exist at certain stages of Rome?s relations with Christianity, to view them as characteristic of Roman policy is to greatly misinterpret it. Rather, I suggest that Christianity was an intellectual movement that triumphed with surprisingly little violence. It was initially viewed with the toleration characteristic of Rome?s dealings with other religions; only when it came into conflict with Rome?s political ideas and motives was persecution sanctioned on a wide scale, and even then, these generally did not last for any great length of time."
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The Growth of Christianity, 2005.
An examination of the major events in the expansion of Christianity from the death of Jesus to the reign of Emperor Constantine.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
Christianity began as a Jewish sect, eventually evolving into a religious tradition in its own right. This paper examines why Christianity survived and traces the development of the Christian communities, as they began, through their persecution under the Roman state, to their eventual acceptance.
Outline
Introduction
Early Christian Literature and Liturgy
Christianity in the Roman Empire
Christianity and Constantine
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Possibly the most influential figure in the process of uniting these communities was Paul of Tarsus; a Hellenized Jew, a Pharisee, and a Roman Citizen. He underwent a conversion while traveling to Damascus. After this experience, he became one of Christianity's most prolific writers and travelers, authoring letters which today make up part of canonical scripture. He famously made several journeys to non-Jewish localities to evangelize, seeing himself as the "Apostle to the Gentiles." "
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Governmental Philosophy, 2002.
A comparison of the governmental philosophy of John Stuart Mill to that of Ayn Rand.
1,328 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that the govenmental ideal of capitalism from the philosophy of John Stuart Mill upon which the United States is based closely parallels the modern controversial assertions of Objectivist ethics and Ayn Rand. The paper Uses evidence from "On Liberty" and "Virtue of Selfishness" to suggest that the ideals of Objectivism were evident in Mill's philosophy a century before Objectivism was a complete thought.
From the Paper
"The two texts also parallel on their references to the exchange of ideas and interpersonal relationships between individuals. In Selfishness, Rand asserts that ?The principle of trade is the only rational ethical principle for all human relationships, personal and social, private and public, spiritual and material (Rand, 29),? meaning that one cannot, first of all, give of oneself unselfishly, expecting nothing in return, and second, only take what we can from others, not giving anything in return. The ideal man she describes is a trader; one who exchanges his expertise for things that he lacks, and vice versa."
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Rise of Christianity During the Roman Empire, 2002.
A letter written to the Roman Emperor Diocletian, on the various aspects and causes for the rise of the Christian religion in light of the book, ?The Rise of Christianity? by Rodney Starks.
1,290 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The letter explains that the reasons for the continued success of the Christian religion in the Roman empire lies in its policies of tolerating alien gods, the belief and practice of martyrs which strengthened the Christian religion, and the willingness of the elite, the educated and the general masses in accepting the Christian religion.
From the Paper
"My dear Emperor, another reason for the speedy rise and growth of Christianity amongst the Romans is our belief in many gods, and their strong belief in one god, also termed as Monotheism. As you are well aware, that Roman Pagan religion does accept the presence of a dominant god, yet, the presence of other gods makes our religion polytheism, and it is here where our true conflict begins."
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