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Chinese Culture and Western Perceptions, 1995.
This paper examines the cross-cultural interactions between Chinese and Westerners: Cross-cultural problems, perspectives, categorization, social identity theory and conflict resolution.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 17 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines cross-cultural interactions between Chinese and Westerners. The examination objective is to illustrate how erroneous conclusions may be drawn by Westerners interacting with Chinese when those Westerners lack a knowledge and appreciation of the norms, practices, and values of Chinese culture, and the socialization process in that culture.
Cross-Cultural Interactions
Social identity theory serves as the conceptual basis for this examination. Social identity is defined as "the individual's knowledge" of personal membership in specific social groups, together with the "emotional value and significance" placed on such membership by the individual ... "
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Native-American and Chinese Culture, 2004.
A comparison of Native American and Chinese culture.
3,175 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a comparison and contrast of the Native American culture with the Chinese culture. The paper claims that there are several similarities. "Native American" and "Chinese" are all-encompassing descriptive terms of the many different tribes and dynasties of each culture. Both cultures have rich, meaningful customs that are still passed on today, unlike many ethnic groups that have lost some of their culture due to the changing times. The paper contends that Chinese and Native Americans still believe in their own form of mythology. The paper discusses the social, political, and economical aspects of these two cultures.
Outline
I. Introduction
a. Two Richly Historic Societies
II. Social
a. Native-American Creation
b. Birth of Chinese Culture
c. Compare and Contrast
III. Political
a. Native-American Politics
b. Chinese Political Systems
c. Compare and Contrast
IV. Economic
a. Early Native-American Economy
b. The Start of Chinese Economics
c. Compare and Contrast
V. Conclusion
From the Paper
"Throughout their history, Native-Americans have been historic people of change. Food discovered and domesticated by Native-Americans would transform the diet of the incoming settlers and not just the offering that has been made famous as the "First Thanksgiving." Native-Americans also made many important contributions to modern medicine, art, architecture, and ecology. It is not widely taught but during the thousands of years preceding European contact, the Native-American people developed ingenious and creative cultures. They harvested plants for food, dyes, medicines, and textiles. They hunted and domesticated animals. They also established extensive patterns of trade which helped them build cities, "produce monumental architecture, developed intricate systems of religious beliefs; and constructed a wide variety of systems of social and political organization ranging from kin-based bands and tribes to city-states and confederations" (Mintz, 2003)."
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Taste Chinese Food, Taste Chinese Culture, 2003.
An overview of how to organise a Chinese function from the planning stage to the execution of the function itself.
3,243 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the planning of a Chinese function as part of a university assignment. It summarises the whole function from pre-planning, organization until the end production, taking into consideration marketing and finances as well as the catering. It examines how the students demonstrated that they can employ supervisory skills through the planning, organization and production of a function,through the use of practical and technical skills and by the interpretation of the Food and Beverage Control Cycle through the application of the principles and procedures to a practical situation.
Outline
Introduction
Pre-Planning
Approach to Setting Objectives
Strategy for Achieving Objectives
Analysis of:
Marketing Considerations
Financial Considerations
Catering Considerations
Evaluate Function Failures and Overcome Difficulties
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix 1 Pre-Planning Function Menu
Appendix 2 ?Taste Chinese Food, Taste Chinese Culture? Function Menu
Appendix 3 Handling Complaints
Appendix 4 Blueprinting of the Function.
Appendix 5 Service Procedures
Appendix 6 The Failures of Each Co-Ordinator
From the Paper
"A comparison of competitive catering services reveals trends in private party formats, cuisine menus, theme and entertainment concepts. Competitive business can often provide valuable information to new and developing operations. Although competition wasn?t a major problem for the function operation because of the nature of this function- it is a university assessment. The consideration of the competition should not be ignored to help to maintain the function to be better and professional. Group 1 chose Chinese food and Group 2 chose Moroccan food. These 2 groups had exactly same location, facilities and support from the university teachers, and the 2 groups targets on the same customers- university students, lecturers, university staff, their own family and friends etc."
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Chinese Culture, 2002.
An analysis of Chinese culture in the United States.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various issues concerning Chinese culture and its place in American society. The papers provides an insight as to why the Chinese immigrate to the U.S., illustrates the differences between the two cultures and explains the impact America has on the Chinese culture.
The writer also poses the question of whether the Chinese lose part of their own culture due to American influences.
From the Paper
"Chinese immigrants came to America in the middle of the 19th century searching for a higher quality and economic life. They came to America because of advanced opportunities, not only economicaly, but educational, health, constitutional rights, right to privately own businesses, homes, automobiles, etc. Ambitious Chinese Immigrants saw a better quality life, in the United States that their own country did not provide. The primary reason for Chinese immigration to America is that they were enthusiastic, excited and very eager to capture the opportunities in America."
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Supernatural Intervention in Chinese Literature and Culture, 2002.
Uses several literary works to discuss the notion, found in the Chinese culture, of the role the supernatural has in the affairs of the living.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The role of the supernatural in the affairs of the living, as a Chinese literary and cultural theme, is discussed with reference to "Dream of the Red Chamber", "Six Records of a Floating Life", "The Death of Woman Wang", and the works of Yuan Mei. It is emphasized that the supernatural was regarded as a natural and recurring set of forces having effect in the temporal, material world.
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Kitsch as a Representation of Chinese Culture in America, 2000.
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the way that Chinese culture has been trivialized by Americans due to the commercialization of Chinese cultural objects. The author argues that because sacred symbols in Chinese culture can be bought as t-shirts or tacky items, it detracts from their meaning and leads Americans to perceive these items as kitsch and discusses the implications of this.
From the Paper
"It is common for Americans to decorate their homes or wear clothing with Chinese symbols or objects that would generally be perceived of as kitsch. Many Chinese gift shops sell items that are culturally or religiously significant in China but are not fully understood by Americans and are merely viewed as novelties or decorations. While this phenomenon certainly happens with any cultural symbol entering a foreign society, I believe that it is more common with Chinese objects. Because of the commercialization and commodification of Chinese cultural objects, Americans perceive any form of Chinese art or religious symbols as kitsch. Furthermore, I would argue that buying an item of Chinese kitsch has greater cultural implications than are initially obvious."
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Chinese Culture, 2002.
HOw the Chinese media covers cultural events.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper is on how the Chinese media covers the Chinese cultural historical events. It includes Chinese traditions, arts and architecture, music, paintings and how it changed periodically.
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Chinese Culture and Women, 2002.
A look at Maxine Hong Kingston's essay "No-Name Woman".
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This three-page undergraduate paper discusses the Chinese culture in the light of Maxine Hong Kingston's essay "No-Name Woman". The author presents a very disturbing and horrifying picture of the Chinese culture as she experienced it.
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Chinese Cultural Revolution, 2004.
Examines the ideological fanaticism of the Chinese Cultural Revolution
3,984 words (approx. 15.9 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the causes of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, including the Great Leap Forward and Mao's subsequent loss of absolute power. Through the fanaticism of his youthful followers, known as the Red Guards, Mao was launched back into power and unleashed a reign of terror across China. In this research paper, there is special emphasis on the destruction caused by the Red Guards, including, but not limited to, book burning, vandalism, torture, and even murder. This paper essentially discusses the nature of fanatical Maoist ideology. It supports its thesis through the use of primary sources, such as biographies of those who survived the cultural revolution and documents from the period including movies, music, posters, and government documents. A full biography and footnotes in Chicago Manual/Turabian style are included.
From the Paper
"During the 20th century, China experienced unprecedented turmoil and instability. In 1911, the Imperial Ch?ing dynasty was overthrown only to be replaced by two decades of constant civil war and anarchy. Although Chiang Kaishek managed to unify the country in 1928, his rule saw further trouble including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and a communist insurrection led by Mao Zedong. Following Japan?s defeat in the Second World War, Chiang Kaishek, despite some initial successes was defeated at the hands of the communists and was forced to flee to Taiwan. Mao Zedong announced the birth of the People?s Republic of China in 1949. Throughout his reign, China suffered from several disasters including the Great Leap Forward, the Hundred Flowers Campaign, but especially the Cultural Revolution. Lasting from roughly 1966-1976, the Cultural Revolution has been considered the most violent and chaotic period in China?s modern history. During this era, China experienced the triumph of ideological fanaticism over pragmatism, the mass execution of millions of people, and the near destruction of ancient Chinese culture."
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Japanese and Chinese Cultural Elements, 2006.
A discussion regarding the nature and culture of Japan and China.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how for years, researchers have argued about the nature and character of Asian culture in general and that of Chinese and Japanese culture specifically, for various reasons. Though both countries are part of the collective Asian culture and all that that categorization implies: collectivistic, homogeneous, Confucian and industrious, they are also polarized differently from each other. The paper further discusses how in this respect, it is paramount to examine each market differently, or rather, from a different perspective. For Japan, it is perhaps best to examine from a socio-cultural point of view. In Japan it is conformity to cultural folkways and mores that are perhaps more problematic since it is a democratically run economy with constitutionally supported civil rights.
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The Chinese Cultural Revolution, 2002.
Discusses this late 1960s period, examining Jonathan D. Spence's "The Search for Modern China" and other sources of literature.
2,256 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The late 1960s in China was known as the period of the Cultural Revolution and this was an attempt on the part of certain central Communist Party members to weed out dissent and to exert a tighter control. The paper discusses Jonathan Spence's "The Search for Modern China" which shows that the Cultural Revolution was a direct attack on all the old elements in Chinese society. The paper shows that what began as a push for the socialist purification of art would become pressure for the socialist purification of all aspects of society and life. The paper also examines "Chinese Awakenings" by James and Ann Tyson which documents the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution.
From the Paper
"The structure of this book takes the reader from the peasant class upward through other levels of society to show how different individuals in different social classes are reacting to the new opportunities and the new economic forces. The idea of the entrepreneur is foreign to Communist China but is becoming more accepted. The question asked is, if it is desirable that some people become rich before others, then who should the people be, and what should be the extent of the income differences? The view taken now is that those who contribute most to the creation of society's wealth, and thereby set a good example for others, deserve to become rich first, and this group includes the entrepreneurs. This group came into existence in 1978 when the government decided to permit private individuals to engage in petty trades and services--areas in which the state sector had performed poorly--to help solve a growing unemployment problem. Because they provide much-needed services and are flexible in terms of business hours and locations, the business operators have prospered in general and have tended to earn more than state employees, and this in turn has caused some resentment."
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Western Photography's Perception, 2006.
Examines how societies and cultures are perceived by Western photography.
3,172 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 33 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
Photography is an art form that is constituted by culture and society. At the same time photography is also an important element in shaping cultural realities. It is this complex interrelationship between the photographic image and cultural motivation that forms the basic subject of this essay. The relationship between photography and culture is outlined with reference mainly to American nation building and imagery around the turn of the century. Furthermore, the essay discusses the ways in which western forms of nation building interacted with the problem and perception of the "other" and the way images of "the other" are mediated though photographic images of the period. The paper includes photographs.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Understanding Anthropological Photography
The Cultural Role of Early Photography in America and Nation Building
Francis Johnston
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The gaze implies a separation and a sense of domination and power that relates to various aspects, including alienation and
"otherness" This also refers to the "patriarchal" gaze: and the gaze from the standpoint of colonial culture. "The majority of anthropological photographs consists of non-Westerners looking away from the photographer, who were mostly white, upper class males, or posed to be in action as to appear candid and natural. " (Tanjuakio J. 2003) This view leads to various other aspects of post-colonial and postmodern theory; such as the assertion that photography is means of "capturing" the non-westerner in terms of control and power."
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Chinese versus Western Film, 2008.
This paper discusses Chinese and Western cinema in the context of globalization.
2,800 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
In this comparative analysis, the writer presents a discussion on Chinese and Western film. The writer evaluates one aspect of the impact of globalization on popular culture, as demonstrable through the medium of popular cinema. In addition to exploring the thesis position that globalization has produced a ready co-opting of themes, ideas, images and devices from one culture to another, this discussion considers some of the effects of this pattern. Among them, the writer maintains that there is cause to suggest that domestic culture identity in many ways suffers from the implications of globalization, particularly as it trends toward catering to hegemonic principles and interests. The writer explores the impact of this pattern as it relates to such factors as copyrighting, capitalism and the triangulating relationship between these factors and the economic and cultural dominance of the west in global cinema.
Outline:
Introduction
A Brief History
Methodology
Findings
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"For both the United States and China, domestic film production would become important for those with hegemonic influence. History demonstrates that in its first decades of popular proliferation, cinema was dominated in both nations by a studio system in which large corporate structures executed an uncontested control over content and aesthetic, allowing for the pairing of hegemonic propaganda and popular cinema. In juxtaposition, however, two distinct political histories in the United States and China would produce sharp departures as the latter entered into the Communist Era. Though it can still be said that propaganda and hegemonic interest would be determinant factors in the success and distribution range of many American films of the middle 20th century, an actively repressive regime would enter into force with the Communist takeover of 1949, creating a sharp distinction in the consequences of producing subversive cinematic content between the nations considered."
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Western Influence on Chinese Painting, 1996.
Effects of European artistic style & content on Chinese landscapists in 18th Cent., role of paintings brought to China by Jesuits.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The traditional view of Western influences on Chinese painting has been that the first influences derived from Chinese artists' observation of the work of European artists in China in the eighteenth century. These influences have not been regarded as being of much significance and, in fact, were usually just dismissed as the aberrations of a few painters who placed themselves outside the long Chinese tradition. James Cahill and others have proposed, however, that earlier influences of a more substantial kind are to be found in the work of landscape painters of the late Ming and early Ch'ing periods. An examination of Cahill's claims shows how the European influence was integrated into the work of certain painters and eventually passed on to others who followed them. These influences do not include outright changes in subject matter or blatant alterations..."
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Chinese-American History and Culture, 2004.
Looks at the acculturation and assimilation experienced by the Chinese immigrants when they came to America.
2,311 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the history of Chinese immigration to the United States and explores the process of assimilation and acculturation that they underwent before becoming accepted as Americans and an integral part of American society.
From the Paper
"The Chinese, like many immigrants to the United States after the Revolutionary War, had to ?prove? themselves as citizens. President Grover Cleveland in 1888 went so far as to say the Chinese were ignorant of the American way of life and that assimilation was ?impossible? as well as ?dangerous to our peace and welfare" (Quoted in Anonymous 76). However, despite facing language problems, racial discrimination and a legal system that discounted all that a Chinese person said, the Chinese immigrant was able to become a Chinese-American through acculturation, assimilation and, most of all, perseverance."
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