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"There Are No Children Here" by Alex Kotlowitz, 2004.
This paper discusses Alex Kotlowitz's book,"There Are No Children Here," which is about childhood in the Henry Horner projects of Chicago where children are not free to be children.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, at the Henry Horner homes, children are not looking to come over and play with the latest Matchbox cars because many of the children are already being lured by gangs and getting used by older kids in drug activities; friends are people you could trust, but at Henry Horner, Lafeyette, the child character in the book, didn't feel that he could trust anyone besides his family. The author points out that, to the kids of Henry Horner, the police become a threat because, even if they aren't doing something bad, they are constantly surrounded by bad things; therefore, if they are in the wrong place at the wrong time, they are immediately accused of doing something. The paper relates that children at Henry Horner are desensitized to experiences such as violence, gang drug exchanges, and death; the children and the residents there have to put their emotions away and become stone on the inside.
From the Paper
"In an area where the summertime is feared and school is a safe-haven, where it is dangerous to make friends as they might try to lure you into a gang, where drug lords run your neighborhood enforcing rules like a dictatorship with the manpower to back it up, you are stripped of your freedom. Sitting in public with a little kid can be embarrassing sometimes. "Mommy, that woman is fat!" or "Daddy, why is that man crying?" are questions that children will ask loud and clear without hesitation. They don't realize that other people can hear them or that other people have feelings that might be hurt. They are egocentric. However, for a child living in the Henry Horner homes where LaJoe and her children live, a comment like this can become life threatening."
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Parents and Children, 2002.
This paper discusses the obligations of parents to children and children to parents in "The Metamorphosis", "Upstairs in a Wineshop", and "Endgame".
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between parents and children in "The Metamorphosis" by Franz Kafka, "Upstairs in a Wineshop" by Lu Xun and "Endgame" by Samuel Beckett. All three works support the contention that parents must satisfy the needs of their children, and children must satisfy the needs of their parents. The author shows how all three works illustrate this thesis in different ways.
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. The Metamorphosis
III. Upstairs in a Wineshop
IV. Endgame
V. Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In The Metamorphosis, Kafka tells the story of Gregor, a man who wakes up one day to find that he has turned into a bug. Gregor has been working hard at a job that he clearly hates to support his parents and sisters. His parents owe Gregor?s boss money because of a failed business, and he is determined to keep working until the money is paid back. At the same time, he keeps his family in a large apartment with a maid. Gregor tries to make enough money so that his parents do not have to work. After his transformation, his primary concern is for his family?s well-being. How will they survive without him? Clearly Gregory feels a strong obligation to look after his parents. His parents feel the same way towards him, especially his mother. She is horrified at the sight of him, but forces herself to visit him. Gregor, for his part is upset because the sight of him causes her pain. Gregor?s mother also tries to keep Gregor?s things in his room so that he will feel more at home. It can be argued that Gregor?s father is hostile towards him, but consider the fact that he does not throw Gregor out."
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Television violence and its impact on children, 2002.
An exploration of the impact that television violece has on the development of children and how children react to the violence.
3,034 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the topic of television violence and the impact it has on children. In recent years there have been increasing allegations that television violence is having a negative impact on child development. The writer begins with an overview of the problem, looking at specific examples of television in America. Next, the paper defines some key terms for understanding the topic as well as providing a background about why this topic is important to society. The writer concludes by arguing that children are not developmentally advanced enough to separate fantasy from reality and that the increased violence they are seeing on television is creating more violent and aggressive children.
From the Paper
"In recent years there have been increasing allegations that television violence has a negative impact on child development . There have been school shootings, children acting out both at home and in classrooms and other developmental traits that have been laid and the feet of television violence".
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Social Children, 2002.
An examination of the social development of children and their interaction with other children.
1,851 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper offers a brief survey of social child development over the years. It looks at how at each age a child needs to develop essential social skills in order to interact with fellow children. It looks at potential problems in social child development and the importance of age-appropriate stimulation for children.
From the Paper
"Social skills develop gradually over time from the simple parallel play of two year olds to the playground games of elementary students, to social stratifications of high school. At all ages, however, the child must interpret the social milieu accurately and choose age-appropriate responses (Walker, 2002), and appropriate responses at one age will be inappropriate at another age."
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Children's Poetry, 2002.
An overview of poetic genres in children's poetry and how children relate/react to poetry.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how poetry is a useful form of literature for children, intellectually and emotionally. It discusses the creative use of language, which is specialized to stimulate the imagination and arouse feelings of readers, especially children.
From the Paper
"Narrative poetry evokes emotions that represent the mood or feeling of the work, rather than that of the poet. This type of poetry was often used orally to relate new or events to others and in written form it is read like a story. Although some narrative poems (such as epics and romances) are too sophisticated for young readers, ballads are an appropriate form for this age level. Originally designed for an illiterate people, ballads are easily remembered and adaptable for singing or recitation. Although some ballads are ancient and difficult for children to relate to, ?old ballads do serve to transport children to a more primitive past, to wilderness, to feudalism, to a time quite different from their own, yet not without flavorsome, musical, language.? The appeal of these ballads is often in the use of language, which evokes a mood or emotions."
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Brazil's Street Children, 1991.
This paper discusses the economic, moral, political and social forces that are creating homeless poor children, the street children of Brazil.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
'This paper will be concerned with the street children of Brazil and the social, economic and moral problems they pose in terms of development. Like the other nations of Latin America, Brazil has been seriously concerned with the problems of social and economic development. Brazil has great potential for economic growth, as seen in its mineral resources and its numerous coffee and sugarcane plantations. However, development does not necessarily imply economic growth. Development may be defined as "the maximum use of a nation's potential for the greatest benefit of the largest number of its inhabitants". In the case of Brazil, the great wealth of the nation has been exploited by only a minority of the population. By contrast, large segments of Brazilian society live in dire poverty. Over the past few decades, many rural citizens have moved to the large cities of ... "
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Children's Voices in Literature, 2008.
A look at three children's books: E. Milne's "Winnie-the-Pooh" and "The House at Pooh Corner", and C.S. Lewis' "The Magician's Nephew" and how they reflect children of that period.
2,656 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at children's literature in Great Britain in the first half of the 20th century and considers whether children's books of that time gave access to the voices of children of that time. The books consulted are E.E. Milne's "Winnie-the-Pooh" and "The House at Pooh Corner", and C.S. Lewis's "The Magician's Nephew". In conclusion, the author of this paper states that even in books written about children and for children, children seem to be all but mute due partly to the various agendas of their authors.
From the Paper
"The first half of the 20th century was a dynamic and volatile time historically for Great Britain, given that during this time Great Britain played a primary role in two world wars, and also that - at the time - it was the most dominant nation in the world, with a huge colonial empire that spanned the globe. By the end of this period, Great Britain had begun to be eclipsed by the USA, as the USA leveraged its scientific and military might to gain global ascendancy. Also during this period began the huge changes associated with decolonization, as nation after nation claimed independence. This of course had a massive impact on Great Britain, as her colonial possessions were part of what made the British nation rich, powerful and strong. All in all, it was a time in which British power and control was slipping away. Yet at the same time, many Brits still retained a self-image of themselves as rulers of the world, and assumed that British standards of morality, decency and behaviors were universally valid (Cannon). This self-image, as we shall see, comes through more clearly in children's books than do the authentic voices of children."
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Advertising to Children, 2005.
This paper discusses the reaction of three interviewed children to television advertising of products of interest to children.
1,605 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that children react to advertisements similarly to the way adults react (1) by absorbing subconsciously sensory data, such as slogans or jingles, and (2) by associating certain emotional responses with certain products; however, children, especially young children, do not possess cognitive skills sufficient to understand fully the impact of advertising on their impulses. The author points out that three children frequently peppered their interviews about products, which the children had seen advertised recently on television with "I want..[a specific brand]..", demonstrating that television commercials stimulate the consumer instinct and create brand awareness. The paper relates that advertising draws children's attention away from those products that are not advertised on television.
From the Paper
"Advertising does create awareness of products that the kids might not have otherwise known about. The nine-year old, for example, said, "Oh, oh, I want the Barbie radio!" When I asked her if any of her friends had the product she said no, that she just saw it on television. Wanting was expressed linguistically and straightforwardly by all three children: all three used simple language to convey that they coveted or craved items they had seen on television. Even negative responses to television commercials were expressed through language of "wanting." A few of the three children used the word "need" in conjunction with what they had seen on television, except for the nine-year old who said that she "needed" some accessory toys for her doll, but not because she had seen them in a commercial. The twelve-year old, when talking about the Play Station commercials she had seen said that she "needed" to get a new game console because hers was old."
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Immigrant Children and Education, 2000.
An examination of children's problems in the U.S., focusing on Arab children in school. Includes multiculturalism, religion, values, bias, gender issues, language and more.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 22 sources, $ 127.95
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Abstract
This research will examine emotional problems experienced by immigrant children, especially Arab children, upon their arrival in North America and how those problems are compounded by teachers who tend to stereotype immigrant students. The research will set forth the context in which teacher behavior assumes importance for immigrant children's emotional experience of North America and then discuss the impact that inefficient or insensitive teaching methods might have on the children's welfare, with a view toward identifying means of intervention and reform where the children's emotional well-being is concerned.
From the earliest days of the republic, the U.S. has functioned as the world's promised land.
From the Paper
"This research will examine emotional problems experienced by immigrant children, especially Arab children, upon their arrival in North America and how those problems are compounded by teachers who tend to stereotype immigrant students. The research will set forth the context in which teacher behavior assumes importance for immigrant children's emotional experience of North America and then discuss the impact that inefficient or insensitive teaching methods might have on the children's welfare, with a view toward identifying means of intervention and reform where the children's emotional well-being is concerned.
From the earliest days of the republic, the U.S. has functioned as the world's promised land. For some, it was the land of opportunity, for others a refuge. Through most of the 19th century, newcomers were welcomed by Americans. Workers were..."
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The Ethics of Advertising to Children, 2008.
A discussion of the ethics of advertising to children.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at that question of whether advertising directed at children is ethical. It points out that the amount of advertising targeting children continues to grow. Children view an estimated 360,0000 advertisements on television before graduating from high school. The paper also claims that, not until the early 1970s, was advertising directed at children seen as a problem in the United States. The paper argues that, although studies show that children under the age of seven cannot distinguish the difference between an advertisement and fact, there is little if any regulation of advertising directed at children within the United States. The paper compares the US to other countries, which have adopted the philosophy that advertising directed at children is immoral and have stepped in with varying levels of regulation. The paper concludes that, regarding television, it is unlikely there will be any restrictions placed on advertisers; however, with the proliferation of sites such as MySpace, YouTube, blogging, and other future technological advances to the Internet, there may eventually be a public outcry for more stringent regulations.
Outline:
Introduction
History of Advertising & Advertising to Children
Advertising and Its Impact on Children
Why So Much Emphasis on Advertising to Children?
Notable Examples of Advertising to Children
The Regulation of Advertising
Regulations in Other Countries
How Likely Change Is in the Future & Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the US, there are currently few policies or standards for food advertising and marketing aimed at children. The advertising industry maintains self-regulatory policies established by the Children's Advertising Review Unit (CARU) of the National Council of Better Business Bureaus. CARU's guidelines apply to all forms of children's advertising, but it has no legal authority over advertisers and can only seek voluntary compliance. CARU has a group of about 20 advisors and 35 supporters, many of whom are from the food industry, such as Burger King, Frito-Lay, McDonald's, General Mills, Nabisco and Hershey. The CARU voluntary guidelines list seven basic principles, which address areas such as product presentation and claims, endorsement and promotion by program characters, sales pressures, disclosures and disclaimers and safety concerns."
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"Children of the City", 2002.
A review of David Nasaw's work "Children in the City" which discusses the play and work habits of immigrant children in the United States.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
An examination of David Nasaw's "Children of the City" which is a study of the children of immigrants whose primary playground and place of employment was the streets of American cities. Nasaw covers the period 1900-1920 and the working-class children whose employment was not based on desperate need, but who did not have the complete leisure that middle class children possessed. It shows that Nasaw's principal thesis is that the experience of these children was overwhelmingly positive as they set up systems of rivalry and cooperation in their neighborhoods, frequently mixed with children of various ethnic backgrounds, learned numerous skills that would be essential to their futures, and assimilated to the American scene at a great rate.
From the Paper
"Nasaw begins with a description of the face of the new city of this era: electric lighting; elaborate department stores; restaurants and theaters that catered to the middle class; afternoon editions of newspapers; the nickelodeons and motion picture houses; and, family-oriented vaudeville. All of these innovations had in common the improvement of consumption and, as Nasaw shows, much of the change that took place at the time--especially in this generation of children, was the elevation of consumption to a right or a duty. At the same time, however, the rapid increase in land prices in nearly every growing American city meant that recent immigrants and the rest of the working and poor classes "were forced to live in spaces that should have remained uninhabited" (10). The terrible conditions of dark, airless tenements--with whole families occupying single rooms for the night while they rented out the remainder of their space to others--disappointed many new arrivals. But, in vivid contrast, new arrivals marveled at the differences in such things as the amount of meat that was consumed, the availability of fresh produce in winter, and the presence of canned foods. And, of course, they also saw the display of wealth in every other part of the city."
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Children and Violence, 2007.
This paper is a literature review of the problems caused when children, particularly African-American children, witness family and community violence.
1,745 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper hypothesizes that medical professionals, specifically nurses, must understand that the lives and future lives of African-American children are impacted when they witness violence. The author points out that the literature review does indicate that children witnessing family abuse are negatively impacted in many areas of both cognition and emotional regulation and that these children generally are depressed and joyless. The paper relates that this study demonstrated that an overwhelming number of African-American children witness family and community violence and that more than two-thirds of African-American children are not assessed for family violence trauma and go untreated.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Hypothesis
Literature Review
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"...is a case study and discussion of a child whose mother was shot and killed while the child was nineteen months of age by the child's father who killed himself two weeks later. The child was noted as having separation anxiety and timidity or reluctance to discuss either of her parents. Further the child believed that someone was going to 'get her'. It was revealed in the study that the child did in actuality remember the traumatic event due to her extreme reaction to the sight of blood and particularly her grandmother's red coat. "
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Children Engaging in Society, 2008.
An analysis of the ideologies of children and the roles they play in society.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the specific roles that children play in society. It looks at it through the social constructions people have of children and discusses the way that children affect culture whether it is by advertisements or through the ideologies that children have. The paper also looks at the reasons why children are important in a society.
From the Paper
"More parents must take their ideology even when it is difficult to tell their children no. Children should not be empowered to do whatever they want or to receive all the things they want. Parents must be the dominant ones. The media may use a form of hegemony to get the attention of children, but it is the parents place to refuse their children at times. Parents must be able to take the gazes that their children have and let them know who does have the power. Otherwise, more children will become unproductive adults who have little knowledge of responsibility or how rough life can be. In your family, who has the ideology?"
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The Disabled Children, 2004.
This paper presents basic information on the right to education for disabled children.
1,085 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Education for All Handicapped Act of 1975 gives children with disabilities the right to special education by directing funds to states and local districts for the education program of disabled children. The author points out that the core of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the Individualized Educational Program (IEP), a contractual agreement, which is specifically designed for each disabled student. The paper relates that the least-restrictive-environment mandate states that children with disabilities have the right to be educated in a regular educational environment without discrimination.
Table of Contents
IDEA and IEP
Developing IEP
Programs for Special and Gifted Children
Programs for the Physically Handicapped Children
Programs for Mentally and Behaviorally Handicapped Children
Programs for Children with Health Problems
Right to Regular Educational Environment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This covers children with physical disabilities such as visual, hearing, and orthopedic impairments. Such children may be permitted to attend education in their respective residence, or in separate classes. If attending in a regular class, special assistance and supervision must be provided. Some of the provisions that physically handicapped students may need are instruction in Braille for the blinds; large books, proper lighting, audible instructions, use of sign language, and speech workshops for the deaf; physical therapist for the orthopedic disabled. Special environment characteristics may also be needed such as the presence of ramps and wide doorways for wheelchairs, or the presence of appropriate handles to assist them (for instance, in toilets and stairs)."
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Advertising to Children, 2007.
A study of four articles that highlight the relationship between advertising to children and their subsequent eating habits.
2,675 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses an article about how the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) wishes to ban or limit advertisements in schools for "junk food" and about how the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is exploring how the media affects childhood obesity. The paper then looks at two articles that attempt to scientifically say that the "junk food" consumption of children is derived from how influenced children are by advertising. These studies also show how children are able to influence their parents to purchase food that they have seen advertised, known as 'pester power'. The paper concludes that there is an undeniable link between the advertising to which children are exposed and their eating habits.
Outline:
"Pediatricians Call for Less Advertising to Children"
"FTC Not Sweet on Junk-Food Ads Targeting Children"
"Children's Recall of Television Ad Elements"
"International Food Advertising, Pester Power and its Effects"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"USA Today's article "Pediatricians call for less advertising to children" from last December reports that the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) wishes to lobby to ban or limit advertisements in schools for "junk food". Furthermore, the organization wants Congress to enact laws that would stop commercials for "junk food" during shows watched mostly by small children."
"The AAP is concerned about the increase in childhood obesity and its members believe that much of this is due to the prolific quantity of advertisements that target kids through their exposure to the internet, cell phones, video games, and schools. The article points to an alarming increase in advertising targeted at kids."
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