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Change Management in the Middle East, 2007. The paper examines how the Middle East will deal with change management in the next decade. 1,303 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 43.95 »
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Abstract Change management in the Middle East, or as it relates to any organization or government is a difficult task to carryout. This difficulty is compounded when the organization or government is dealing with several types of change simultaneously. The proposed research in this paper pursues the following question: How will the Middle East deal with change management over the next decade?
Outline:
Introduction
Problem
Background of the Problem
Review of the Literature
Analytical Framework and Methodology
Time Table
References
From the Paper "In order to manage this change appropriately one must understand why change is often resisted. For instance, in the Middle East there are various opinions about the changes that have occurred in Iraq and what the outcomes will be (White and Schmidmayr, 2003). There are also many myths associated with people resistant to change. In any respect, people resist change because they are uncomfortable or unfamiliar with the type of change that is taking place (White and Schmidmayr, 2003). In a sense it is simply the fear of the unknown or a feeling that they will no longer be in control of their destinies (White and Schmidmayr, 2003)."
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Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", 2005. This paper discuses Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", a modern history of the Middle East from the perspective of the changing peasant and urban artisan classes and the emerging modern working-classes. 1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 60.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East" begins in 1750, which marks the start of modern history for the Middle East because of (1) the rise of autonomous provincial regimes, (2) the expansion of agricultural production and (3) the intensification of links between several parts of the Ottoman Empire and the world capitalist market. The author points out that Beinin argues that industrial manufacturing was introduced to the Middle East as part of a drive to establish modern armies and extend the power of the states. The paper relates that Beinin considers the period after the collapse of global oil prices in 1985-86, when states became unable to provide previously established levels of services, thus creating an economic and moral vacuum, as the beginning of the political Islamic movements of establishing a popular base by offering social services, including education, health care and child care.
From the Paper "During the era of Fordism-Keynesianism many Middle Eastern states pursued policies of populism, nationalist anti-imperialism, state-led economic development, and import-substitution industrialization. Some examples of this post-World War II trend he cites were Muhammad Mossadegh's nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951 and Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal Company in 1956. State-led development and import-substitution industrialization were key components of the social policies advanced by Gamal 'Abd al-Nasir in Egypt, the Ba'th in Syria and Iraq and the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) from the 1950s to the 1970s. The political and economic programs of these authoritarian-populist regimes were designated "Arab nationalism" and "Arab socialism" respectively."
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Conflict in the Middle East, 2005. A discussion on why the Middle East can be considered a conflict area. 26,575 words (approx. 106.3 pages), 40 sources, MLA, $ 249.95 »
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Abstract Over the last hundred years, the Middle East has been one of the most troubled regions in the world. This paper attempts to define the attributes for success in the modern world that the Arab community lacks such as freedom, knowledge and woman power and how these impact the current political situation.
Outline
Islam Causes Conflict in the Middle East
Islam Does Not Cause Conflict in the Middle East
The Arab-Israeli Dispute Causes Conflict in the Middle East
Israeli Leadership Contributes to Conflict in the Middle East
Palestinian Leadership Contributes to Conflict in the Middle East
Lack of Democracy Contributes to Conflict in the Middle East
Oil Profits Cause Conflict in the Middle East
Water Scarcity Could Cause Conflict in the Middle East
From the Paper "Sharon has spent years trying to erase the stain of the Lebanon War. Still, the legal defeat would seem to be the least of his troubles. After he won the premiership by promising to bring peace and security to Israel's citizens, Sharon has produced neither. The conflict with the Palestinians continues to escalate. The day of the court ruling, four Israelis died in Palestinian attacks; the following day, six soldiers died in a strike against an army roadblock. Sharon responded with a rare speech to the nation--in which he disappointed all expectations that he would announce a new policy direction. Among voters, confidence that he has a strategy is bleeding away. In one Israeli public-opinion poll, 29 percent of respondents said that Sharon had a clear plan, while 58 percent said he was simply reacting to events."
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Canada and the Middle East, 2006. This paper explores Canada's contributions towards the struggles in the Middle East and the Middle East peace process. 2,060 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 64.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses Canada's involvement, past and present, in the conflicts in the Middle East relative to other nations. The paper details the numerous conflicts in the Middle East over the years. The paper explores the contributions of other nations towards the Middle East peace process and demonstrates how the contributions of Canada, unlike many other nations, are effective, but silent.
From the Paper "Past and present, the Middle East has been in a constant state of chaos, involving nations worldwide. Progressing negatively with no major improvement, many third parties, alongside the Arab nations, have put forth constant efforts, despite many failures, in an attempt to restore the Middle East to its once peaceful state. The active contributions by many nations, including the United States of America, and the Soviet Union, have been witnessed and recognized worldwide. The contributions of Canada, unlike the many other nations, are effective, but silent."
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Modern Middle East, 2007. An analysis of the Middle East according to two books entitled "The Modern Middle East: A History", one written by James Gelvin and the other by Sun Allah Ibrahim. 1,059 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses two books entitled "The Modern Middle East: A History," one written by James Gelvin and the other by Sun Allah Ibrahim. The paper discusses the differing views of the two authors on the same subject with Gelvin suggesting that the Middle East has remained tyrannical and economically stagnant, while Ibrahim suggests that Western ideology has penetrated the once supposedly pure nationalist governments of the Middle East.
From the Paper "The young man's choice, that of a doctor who is famous for his works of global outreach and philanthropy, shows that the apparently noxious ideology of globalization has already penetrated even his consciousness. The reason the doctor is seen as evil in the book is because he is an international figure, and globalization is deemed to be harmful. The committee is afraid that if the young man selects this doctor, the regime's true ideology will be revealed, and the Westernized control of the Middle East will make itself known to the general population. The ideology of the supposed diversification of interests of modern economic life masks the real, controlling presence of the West that is manifest even on the Carter buses that run through the streets. This demonstrates that the nation is in the grips of a consumption ideology that only results the people consuming things against their own true nation's interests. Rather than Coca-Cola, Ibrahim suggests, better to drink in the ideology of true anti-capitalist nationalism."
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Future Wars of the Middle East, 2006. A research paper exploring the possibility of a future breakout of war in the Middle East and North Africa due to the scarcity of water throughout the region. 20,838 words (approx. 83.4 pages), 48 sources, MLA, $ 249.95 »
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Abstract This dissertation presents a case study of the possibility of future wars throughout the Middle East and North Africa due to water scarcity and limited water resources presently being experienced in that region. The paper starts by revealing the gravity of the situation by showing the present statistics surrounding the problem of water scarcity throughout the world. Thereafter, the paper highlights the importance of water in the national economy. From then on, the paper discusses the present situation of water scarcity in the Middle East by noting the present available resources of water in the Middle East. Lastly, the paper highlights the reason underlying possible future water wars in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper concludes by briefly analyzing the findings and assessing possible variables and alternative scenarios that might be adapted by the Middle East and North African states to avert war.
Table of Contents
Abstracts
Synopsis
Introduction
The Importance of the Availability of Water
Presently Available Water Resources in the Middle East
The Conflict in the Future
Hypothesis
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Collection of Data
Data Analysis and Search Tactics
Limitations of the Study
Findings
Geographic Location
Regional Tension, Disharmony and Centuries of Conflict
Vague International and National Laws
Population Explosion
Increase Demand and Decrease Supply
Pollution
Water Exploitation Methods
Economic Growth in the Middle East
Border Conflicts
The Domestic Situation and Regional Conflicts
Assessment of Expected Variables
Conclusion
From the Paper "At present, as mentioned above, approximately 40% of the world's population is dealing with the scarcity of water. In fact, hundreds and thousands of humans travel all year long in search of water. They live their lives like nomads and remain in one place until they have utilized the water resources. While, this picture is very noticeable in the Middle East countries, more and more countries are joining the listing of such countries. Experts fear that if the present situation is not given the due attention, then by the middle of this century, almost 65% of the world's population will be confronting water scarcity and famine (Steve Lonergan, 1996). The gravity of the situation in the Middle East can be gauged from the fact that in the mid 1990's almost 8 countries from this region fell below the international standards of "absolute water scarcity," while many others had been on the brink of falling below the redline (Robert Engelman and Pamela LeRoy, 1993). This situation occurs when the yearly per capita fresh water accessibility of a nation drops below 500 cubic meters. These 8 countries in the Middle East faced inbuilt problems and difficulties of water scarcity that severely threatened the public healthcare structure, as well as, hindered the growth and development of the socio-economic system. To add to the difficulty, these regions have one of the highest population growth rates in the world. One does not have to be a rocket scientist to determine the fate of countries if their water resources come to a stand still while their population is rapidly growing at the rate of more than 3 percent (Ashok Swain, 1996)."
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U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East, 2006. Examines America's foreign policy in the Middle East since 1991. 2,764 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 82.95 »
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Abstract This paper critically assesses the impact of U.S. foreign policy on the Middle East since 1991. It explores how the post-Cold War global order affects Middle East politics and how the conflict in the Middle East affects the 'New World Order'.
Table of Contents:
Part I: Summary
Part II: Background to and Nature of American Policy in the Middle East since 1991
Part III: Impact of American Policy in the Middle East
Part IV: Conclusion.
From the Paper "America's policy of coercive appropriation of the region's only major resource has had another parallel, though highly profound impact. In order to break free from what the countries of the region perceive as the American stranglehold over their resources, many countries have started cooperating with each other to exploit the oil-rich Caspian region. Based on the idea of excluding America from the pipeline grid, this brings several countries from even outside the periphery of the Middle East in close ties with each other. This could spell a total alteration of the geo-strategic dynamics of the region."
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American Foreign Policy in the Middle East, 2002. A look at the history of the relationship between the Middle East and the Western World. 1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 48.95 »
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Abstract This paper describes the history of foreign policy in the Middle East. It goes into the vast differences between cultures of the Arab world and cultures of the rest of the world and compares them in a global environment. Terms, such as globalization, tribalism, and imperialism are discussed and used to compare relations between the Middle East and the Western world. The paper also goes into current trends in foreign policy toward the Middle East. It has become more manipulating than helpful. The people of the Middle East still suffer, despite the efforts of the United States. In fact, the United States government is more concerned with maintaining a balance of power between Middle Eastern nations than maintaining the integrity of human rights. This paper places all of this content into an organized display.
From the Paper "The events that are occurring at this very time in the Middle East are grim. Every place one looks, there is a violation of human rights, someone being killed, a war going on, or a level of poverty exists that an American could not even comprehend. Throughout the beautiful landscapes, warlords and military dictators have taken over countries and the populations live in fear. In the news, Americans see huge crowds cheering when the US flag is burnt, and the president being hung. After September 11, 2001, American children could see Arab children on television cheering at the disaster. The roots of this Arab rage lead right back to American foreign policy in the region."
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"Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East", 2006. A review of the collection of biographies "Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East", edited by Edmund Burke III. 1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95 »
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Abstract This paper reviews "Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East," a collection of biographies of twenty-four Middle Eastern men and women, edited by Edmund Burket. The author of this paper asserts that the sheer number and variety of these biographies undermines current stereotypes about the Arab mindset and challenges elite-centered accounts of how the Middle East has changed in modern times. The paper explains that the book is organized chronologically, tracing the history of the Middle East through the biographies. The paper provides a synopsis of several of these biographies and looks for commonalities, even among the diversity of stories.
From the Paper "Hibgo, an American truck driver, lived his life in Middle East and ended in United States. He started his challenging job of truck driving in iran by developing his own grop of drivers. The challenging nature of the truck driving profession in Iran during this formative period necessitated a truck driver's involvement in a guild. The guild served a variety of crucial needs through a network of shared information and credit based on mutual trust. In the 1930s Hagob became part of a guild consisting of Armenian and Assyrian members, who maintained their ties for decades. He and the others proudly wore their guild's insignia, a jeweler's handcrafted replica of the front portion of a transport vehicle."
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U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East Since 1991, 2006. A critical look at the changing U.S. policy in the Middle East since 1991. 3,419 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 96.95 »
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Abstract In this paper the author takes a critical look at the changing U.S. policy in the Middle East since 1991. He examines how prior to 1991, American policy was aimed primarily at using some countries led by Israel as a bulwark against communism in the Cold War years. He highlights that with the end of a bipolar world there was a radical shift in American policy towards the Middle East. The paper examines how this was brought about by the threat America saw to its most vital interest -oil in the region as a result of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait; at the same time, with the sudden demise of the hitherto counterbalancing factor, the Soviet Union, the stage was set for a decisive policy. In conclusion, the author argues that the American policy of planting democracy in societies that do not have the necessary preconditions and institutional frameworks of accepting and absorbing the system could mean risking backlashes and other actions.
From the Paper "In the absence of the Soviet factor, American policy in the Middle East has become more intrusive; American policy could have a positive impact if its moves towards establishing its policy are perceived as being salutary. A prime test case of this policy is the way its role is seen in the Israeli-Palestine issue. (Cantori, 1994, p. 452) The immediate years after the Gulf War led to a hyperactive engagement in the region under president Bill Clinton, for whom resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict was a principal goal. In his presidency, America assumed the role of an 'honest broker' in bringing about a peaceful settlement of issues bedevilling the region. However, before substantial headway was made, a new regime took guard under Bush Jr., under whom the same vigour was not enforced. American interventionism, which became low-key under the new dispensation, has led to suspicion in Arab quarters that America, with its uncompromising tilt towards Israel, has not been the 'honest broker' that it promised to be."
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Women in the Middle East, 2002. A study into the status and lives of women living in the Middle East, as compared to those living in the West. 2,053 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 64.95 »
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Abstract This paper compares the treatment of women in the West with the treatment of women from the Middle East. The writer states that while there are many different types of women in the Middle East, for the purposes of this essay, the analysis makes some generalizations of a religious axis upon which to base the study of the treatment of women in the Middle East. Namely, the treatment of Middle Eastern women following Islam, and those following Judaism, are compared with the women of the West.
From the Paper "In the Islam tradition, the view of women is no different to the view held of men; they are both here on Earth, as God's wishes, and their goal is to worship their God, do righteous works, and to avoid evil. If they follow these guidelines, as laid out in the Quran, they will both be judged equally and accordingly in the eyes of God. Indeed, special treatment is given to people who give birth to daughters, as the Quran says "He who is involved in bringing up daughters, and accords benevolent treatment towards them, they will be protection for him against Hell-fire". This, and other quotes like this from the Quran, show just how open Islam is to the idea of the preciousness and importance of women's place in society."
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The Modern Middle East, 2004. This paper discusses the influence of the growth of terrorism in the Middle East. 2,785 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 83.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that terrorism, in essence, has contributed tremendously to the demise of the Middle East region; even today, there seems to be no solution being offered by the United Nations nor the Middle Eastern nations themselves to somehow reach a consensus and work towards the betterment of this region as a whole. The paper stresses that there is another side to this story: Many believe that Muslims have used the West as an excuse for all their problems, and that all these terrorist activities are the result of the internal resentment by Muslims of the success of the West in all aspects of life, socially, politically, or economically. This author believes that, if one looks at the entire regions profile, it is the Israel-Palestinian conflict which is basically the most important connection between the past and present of terrorism in the Middle East and is the most dominating factor influencing modern Middle East today.
From the Paper "Terrorist incidents have taken place throughout the Middle East for the past many years. The Tel-Aviv and Jerusalem dominated terrorist incidents in the Middle East have resulted in numerous deaths over the years. The radical Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS) and the Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) have been responsible for many terrorist attacks, suicide bombings etc. Similarly, in Egypt, although terrorist incidents have been controlled, the al-Gama'at al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group or IG) has been responsible for many deaths especially those of tourists in Cairo. Even in Algeria, political violence and killings have been the usual norm. Car bombings, bombings at public places, unnecessary killings of civilians have been quite common in Algeria. The Armed Islamic Group (GIA) was responsible for the kidnapping and killing of French monks. Many similar incidents have been seen in the Middle East over the past many years."
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The Bush Administration's Middle East Policies, 2002. A discussion on George Bush's foreign policy in the Middle East. 1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95 »
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Abstract A paper discussing the Bush Administration's Middle East Policies in the light of the recent comment by Joseph Nye regarding extremism. The author of the paper argues that the U.S. needs to steer a cautious and well-thought out Middle East Policy in the aftermath of the war in Afghanistan and its declared 'war against terrorism.' He continues that in the ongoing standoff between Sharon's Israel and the Palestinians, the continued U.S. tilt towards Israel and dithering towards exerting its influence to restrain Israel from excessive use of force, is not going to help either the establishment of peace in the Middle East or its anti-terrorism crusade.
From the Paper "Joseph Nye's warning comes at an appropriate time. He has a point because in the Middle East, and the Third World in general, the US Policy in the Middle East is viewed as arrogant and overbearing. Israel has not let go of the West Bank, Golan Heights and Gaza that it occupied in the 1967 war, on the excuse that that they are essential for its security, and kept them under military occupation ever since and built settlements on land that rightfully belongs to the Palestinians. It has not implemented the Oslo Accord meant to allow the Palestinian Authority to govern these areas. The real reason for the control of these lands by Israel is its right-wingers obsession to claim these areas under the justification that the land belonged to them in biblical times. This argument is so dangerous and can unleash unlimited wars in the world if it is universalized."
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Middle East, 2007. This paper examines political conflicts within the Middle East region. 2,061 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 65.95 »
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Abstract In this article, the writer explains that the area commonly termed "Middle East" is traditionally known as the countries in Southwest Asia and Egypt and in certain contexts can include such areas as North Africa and Central Asia. The writer then points out that as a major historical and cultural region, the Middle East has been plagued in recent years with political conflict that has had a lasting effect on the populations of the countries involved. This paper discusses these political disturbances, and looks at their effects on the people of the Middle East. The writer concludes that unless such conflicts are solved, the situation will continue to deteriorate, and while those in political power will likely not suffer the consequences, those within each country's population will bear the brunt of the political turmoil.
From the Paper "One of the most known political conflicts within the Middle East centers on the geographic region known as Kurdistan. Since the end of WWI, Kurdistan has been divided between several Middle Eastern states, including Iran, Iraq, Syria, and the former Soviet Union (Stansfield, 3). As the fourth largest ethnic group in the Middle East, the Kurds are large in number, but have virtually no political power of their own."
"The area of Kurdistan has been, in the last twenty years, an area of high violence and political strife. During the Iran-Iraq war, the military forces of Iraq moved destroyed thousands of Kurdish communities and began deporting Kurds in an effort to depopulate the region. When this method failed, the political forces of Iraq began the Anfal campaign. An effort to completely disintegrate the Kurdish nation, the Ba'ath party used ground offensive, bombing, the burning of settlements, concentration camps, and chemical warfare."
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Policing in the U.K. and Middle East, 2007. A comparison of policing tactics and difficulties faced by police within the U.K. and Middle East. 1,468 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95 »
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Abstract This paper explores how the difficulties of policing in the UK differ from the difficulties of policing in the Middle East. The paper provides an overview of policing and discusses how the U.K. faces traditional problems such as addressing acts of terror, burglary and violent crime while problems facing the Middle East include more serious issues of security, terrorism, border control and abuse of visitors and people living there.
Outline:
Policing Defined
Policing in the UK
Policing in the Middle East
Comparison and Analysis of Difficulties Within Each Region
From the Paper "Governments define policing in multiple ways. Depending on the structure of a government, whether democratic in nature, authoritarian or socialist, policing takes on many different forms. One may define policing in places like the U.K. as any and all actions whose purpose includes maintaining a peaceful enterprise within the land (MPS, 2007). In other regions of the world however, including in the Middle East, historically policing involves many acts of violence and radical activities engaged in to support variant rather than homogenous interpretations of what policing is and isn't."
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