| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "CEASELESS TOIL STRUGGLE FAIR WAGE": |
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Ceaseless Toil: The Struggle for a Fair Wage, 2006.
A discussion regarding the historical battle of labor for a fair wage.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the age old struggle for a fair wage, one that has spanned the centuries and the globe. With the forces of contemporary globalization, as represented by multinational corporations, the World Trade Organization (WTO), and modern armies like the US military, arrayed against them, unions and individual workers have perhaps less power than ever before. The paper further discusses how it is vital that these consolidated forces be counteracted by organized, sustained resistance. This fight requires knowledge: an awareness of how and why the labor movement developed, and where it is headed.
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Is Fair Trade Really Fair?, 2002.
An examination of the effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the proposed (Free Trade Area of the Americas) FTAA on Mexico.
4,644 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that in order to improve free trade agreements and ensure that they include adequate protection for worker?s rights, food security and environmental regulation, the FTAA must be based on a new model, rather than on the failed model of NAFTA. It shows that unless this is done, the only people to benefit from these agreements will be the rich and powerful; and that the workers and traders of the poorer countries will continue to be exploited.
From the Paper
"Free trade policies such as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are widening the gap between the rich and poor in a number of ways. This is particularly true in Mexico; a country that has always been concerned with the protection issues associated with major trading countries in the world, tight controls, high tariffs and other restrictive policies. These restrictions have been revoked however in response to the demands to promote export-oriented production, eliminate obstacles to imports, and loosen corporate controls over national domains and enterprises. The result has been a blatantly inequitable distribution of wealth and power both within Mexico and between Mexico and other countries. The track record of NAFTA has raised concerns that this inequity will only be augmented by any such agreement."
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Minimum Wage, 2004.
Analyzes the case against the minimum wage in America.
1,330 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the minimum wage and, in particular, why it does not work in America today. It looks at how the federal minimum wage was created to ensure American workers received adequate and fair wages during the Great Depression, when jobs were scarce and wages were abysmally low and how, today, the federal minimum wage stirs controversy and ire in many areas of American politics and business. It evaluates how the federal minimum wage has served its usefulness and how many believe there are now better ways to ensure workers receive adequate wages.
From the Paper
"Along with job loss, raising the minimum wage can also have severe affects in many other areas of the American economy. A rising minimum wage can make it more difficult for people to return to the workforce from welfare, and it can encourage high-school students to drop out, as many studies have shown, including this one: "Minimum wage jobs are often thought of as 'entry-level' jobs. The evidence in our data supports this view. Among the workers earning the minimum wage in the second year of our panels, 39.4% were not employed in the prior year" (Even & Macpherson, 2003, 676). This seems to support the theory that many high school and college-aged young people are leaving school for jobs."
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Critical Thinking about Minimum Wage, 2006.
A discussion regarding the controversial debate about Canada's minimum wage.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how debate over increases to the minimum wage in Canada has been a commonplace since introduction of the Fair Wages Policy in the House of Commons in 1900. All provinces and territories in Canada have introduced minimum wage legislation and there is no national minimum wage standard across the country. Instead federal legislation generally reinforces provincial legislation in minimum wage. There exist wide differences in minimum wage legislation and levels between different provinces and even within the same province reflecting varying costs of living employment levels and even different legal traditions across the country.
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The Efficiency Wage, 2004.
This paper analyses the practice of some firms to pay a wage above the market clearing wage level called the efficiency wage.
1,920 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that some firms, especially in third world economies, will attempt to increase their profits by improving their worker productivity by paying a wage that is above the wage paid by other competing firms because, at the market level wage, workers may not get the necessary nutrients they require in order to carry out the working day's hard labor and to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The author points out that the ability of a firm to increase profits by setting these wages may not necessarily apply in other more industrialized labor markets where there is not a strong correlation between worker productivity and their nutritional intake. The paper relates that the efficiency wage model indicates that the behavior of a firm seeking to increase its profits is no longer limited to just decisions on how many workers to hire.
From the Paper
"It has been mentioned once before in this essay that efficiency wages may not necessarily hold true in today's modern, industrialized economies. However, there is empirical evidence that efficiency can hold true in an industrialized setting and not just in a subsistence one. If this is the case, then the economic rationale behind firm's setting wages above the market clearing wage, is a sound rationale. There is evidence that shirking-related employee problems are reduced when companies pay higher salaries. A study of large manufacturing companies in the United States shows that fewer workers are dismissed for disciplinary reasons when a firm pays a high rate of wage. In particular, a 10 percent increase in the wage reduced the rate at which workers were dismissed for disciplinary reasons . Hence, the economic rationale behind firms setting an efficiency wage is very plausible indeed, as back by empirical research such as this."
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Affirmative Action and Wages, 2008.
An examination of affirmative action, wage inequality and wage differentials.
2,220 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines affirmative action and its impact upon the wage gap found among various groups. While the initiative has met with some success, it is evident that various groups continue to lag behind. The paper looks at the advances that have taken place in recent decades as well as at the areas - mostly in enforcing compliance - where it appears affirmative action is not eliminating workplace discrimination. The paper also suggests that corporate cultures need to change. Finally, it concludes by offering a solution to the enforcement issues plaguing affirmative action in America.
From the Paper
"Interestingly, just as the different groups of women comprising the female population in America gain from affirmative action at a different rate when it comes to pay increases, some scholars argue that affirmative action really works best in industries that have a high incidence of federal contracts or in industries that, because of their high growth rates, invite more government reviews. In other industries, it appears as though the rate of compliance is not quite so high because the extent of government review and involvement is less significant (Walker, 2000). Evidently, the manner and degree of discrimination can only be sharply reduced through rigorous government oversight; simply having federal legislation in place is insufficient to reduce discrimination if those laws will not be strictly enforced. "
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Minimum Wage, 2002.
Briefly discusses the history of the minimum wage and examines some of the legal aspects concerning minimum wage.
2,172 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at a variety of aspects regarding minimum wage. It looks at the laws enacted, the rates set, and exceptions to minimum wage laws. The deterioration of the buying power of minimum wage is addressed, and statistical evidence of this deterioration is provided. Also included is an account of the economic impact of minimum wages.
Brief History of Minimum Wage
United States Minimum Wage
Minimum Wages Economic Impact
Different States Minimum Wages
From the Paper
"The minimum wage as part of the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed in the year 1938. The first minimum wage was .25 per hour. However, it has increased over the decades with now as current federal minimum wage $5.15 per hour. But even with the increases, the Coalition on Human Needs has observed that the buying power of the federal minimum wage has deteriorated by almost twenty five percent over the last twenty years (about.com)."
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Fair Trade in the Coffee Industry, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of fair trade in the coffee industry, including three case study analyses.
3,337 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the overall importance of the coffee industry to the global economy and describes how fair trade in the industry not only benefits the major players, but the international economy as a whole. It explores the history of coffee prices and how the fair trade movement which guaranteed a negotiated pre-harvest price changed the living standards for disadvantaged coffee growers and workers. The paper concludes that there is a huge disconnect between prices for coffee in the consumption market and the price paid to the coffee industry workers which results in poverty and poor economic conditions for coffee growers. Three case study analyses are included.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Structure and History of the Coffee Industry
The Fair Trade Movement: Implications for Coffee Workers and the Global Economy
Case Study #1: Starbucks Impact on a Nations Economy: The Duality of Competition
Case Study #2: Cafedirect and KNCU - Partnership in Fair Trade
Case Study #3: Does Fair Trade Affect Quality? - Examining Coffee in Mexico
How has Fair Trade Helped Coffee Industry Workers: Tenets and Principles of Fair Trade
Fair Trade Certification Organizations: Fair Trade Labeling Organizations and International Fair Trade Standards
Conclusion: Fair Trade is Ethical Trade
From the Paper
"Globalization is a process of enhancing collective measures to integrate economies, not only via goods and services but via governance, investment, trade, and aid (DeAngelis 2004). As globalization has progressed, it is clear that the most advanced countries have gained the most from the integration of economies; as such there is a widening gap between developed/advanced countries and developing/underdeveloped countries. Does globalization favor high-income countries to low-income countries? The coffee industry highlights a common problem with many agricultural products that are marketed within developed regions - impoverished societies characterized poor development trends with a final product that is booming in the industry. Fair trade is the only mechanism that can correct this trend. It should be clear that fair trade is not the savior of the developing region; there are many structural problems that not even free trade can bypass. However, free trade has very visible benefits that have led to changes in sectors of the society (Simmons 2003). The coffee industry has faced many historical processes that have changed the living standards of many producers in the developing region; the free trade movement has helped to create some level of equity as it aids marginalized farmers in the coffee industry."
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Minimum Wages, 2002.
This study will look at minimum wages through a cost-benefit perspective.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
It makes no aims at solving the minimum wage debate, but does hope to provide the reader with a firm footing on the subject whereby s/he will be able to draw their own reasoned opinions and conclusions. For all readers, the unavoidable impression is that minimum wages, along with all price floors, interfere with the operation of market forces. In the case of genuine social problems, this is sometimes a good thing, when the benefits of intervention actually exceed the associated costs. With minimum wages, however, the results do seem to be at odds with the desired outcome. The evidence seems to suggest that minimum wages tend, on the whole, to increase unemployment in the low-skilled labour market; generally the very area that minimum wages seek to ameliorate. So, while the jury is still out on the effects of the minimum wage, it seems fair to say that regions that employ minimum wages should at the very least adopt a more cautious position on their use.
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Minimum Wage, 2007.
An analysis of the fairness of the introduction of minimum wage in America and how Wal-Mart applies the law.
742 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of the introduction of minimum wage to labor laws in America. It examines both the argument in favor of and against the introduction of this law in America. The paper then applies the two arguments to assessing the viability of the statement that retail giant Wal-Mart unfairly compensates its employees for their labor.
From the Paper
"Huge retail employer Wal-Mart has faced specific criticism of its reluctance to raise employee wages, as well as its policies, considered restrictive by many, regarding the provision of employee benefits such as health care and retirement programs. The arguments of those who favor Wal-Mart paying its employees a living wage say that the retailer could set an example of the viability of such a policy for other large and small corporations. Detractors from this suggestion note that the policy will, at least immediately, decrease profitability and increase costs for the retailer, potentially harming the overall economy. Especially since the average wage at Wal-Mart is only $9.68 per hour, $2.60 lower than the national average wage, critics of the company assert that the retailer does not provide sufficient benefits or pay for its employees and, in light of the huge profits it receives, can afford to do so (Sharp 2005)."
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Raising the Minimum Wage, 2008.
An analysis of the history of minimum wage increases in the US and whether changes are necessary in the current situation.
1,054 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses when and how minimum wage should be increased for employees. It looks at the history of minimum wage increases and then discusses the benefits and difficulties of wage increases for employers. The paper also looks at whether the minimum wage has finally reached an acceptable level which can now be deemed a livable wage or whether an increase in wages is necessary.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Doubled Minimum Wage Results
Market Demand Curve
Company Affects
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Unfortunately when wage rates rise it must be performed across all employees within a company. This will result in a significant outlay for any corporation when raises are given or wage rates change. When such changes occur there is a significant change in the lowest hourly rate which will eventually follow through to other positions including those occupied by the skilled labor forces (Edwards 10). When such increases occur margin levels must also increase in order to support such increases in the corporate salary expenses. However when such increases occur, it is inevitable that the same number of employees will continue to populate the company as what did prior to the wage increases. The fact is that wage is usually not directly proportionally to increases in margin. The aggregate unemployment rate has varied between 4% and 8% over a period of 20 years (Overall Unemployment Rate in the Civilian Labor Force). However, the numbers of employees in the skilled labor force have increase by a significant number of employees."
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Minimum Wage and Inflation, 2002.
An argument in favor of increasing minimum wages in greater increments in order to avoid the decline of living standards from inflation.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper presents an argument for raising minimum wage increases in higher increments so that inflation does not erode living standards. The paper gives a background and history of the minimum wage explaining the original objective of the minimum wage compared to its current objective. A graph is provided showing the increase in minimum wage since its inception. Arguments are given for and against minimum wage laws. The paper also compares minimum wages in the United States with those in Canada showing how the law affects women and workers in the two countries. The paper discusses whether the minimum wage is appropriate for the future economy.
From the Paper
"Minimum wage is the lowest hourly salary that an employer is allowed to pay an employee for services rendered. The Federal Labor board sets the minimum hourly labor rates. The lowest hourly rates are decided by a *collective bargaining, an arbitration and a board action legislation. Minimum wage laws were passed to ensure that employees are reasonably compensated."
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Minimum Wage Debate, 2006.
A discussion regarding the minimum wage issue in the USA.
1,112 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues pertaining to the minimum wage debate. The paper reports that the minimum wage is set by Congress and therefore minimum wage is codified in federal law. Moreover, minimum wage was established as law in 1938 under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). The FLSA is presided over by the United States Department of Labor and minimum wage can only be changed by Congressional vote.
From the Paper
"Many states have opted for the establishment of what are sometimes called "living wages." The living wage is generally higher than the nationally established minimum wage and more accurately reflects the cost of living within the state. State minimum wages are occasionally linked to economic indicators; for example, Florida, Oregon, and Washington State each regulate minimum wage according to inflation rates (Economic Policy Institute). The method of changing a state's minimum wage differs depending on the lawmaking procedure in place in that state. State minimum wage policies may reflect the needs of specific industries within that state. For example, a state with an agriculture-based economy might present different wage policies for farm workers. Specific professions, including tip-earning professions, may also be exempt from minimum wage standards."
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The Fairness Doctrine, 2005.
This paper discusses the history of the Fairness Doctrine in mass communications and argues that it should be reinstated.
2,505 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Fairness Doctrine was a law that balanced mass media information, allowing time and credibility to all sides of a given argument so that the listener would receive credible and reliable information. The author relates that, along with the new pioneers of broadcast journalism, advertising, and editorial commentary, the Fairness Doctrine came about in the mid-20th century as an extension of First Amendment rights, which remained in place for most of the latter half of the 20th century, but was revoked by the FCC in the early 1980s after long years of misunderstandings, political conflicts, and conflicting precedents in various court cases. The paper stresses that, although networks even advertise that their news is ?fair and balanced?, it is not; the Fairness Doctrine must be reinstated as an ethical broadcasting rule designed to provide controversial issues with a balanced presentation, not censorship.
From the Paper
"The Fairness Doctrine is involved explicitly with radio and television
broadcasters, and states that there are responsibilities which these broadcasters must uphold to the public so that the information that the viewing and listening public receives is fair and balanced and opposing viewpoints get a chance to be presented. In essence, it is a measure of responsibility and accountability for the free press that is able to give counterarguments and provide a space for counterarguments regarding issues that are controversial and require a public forum so that the viewing and listening public can get a full cognizance of the issues being presented on both sides. Objectivity has always been a key tenet of journalism, but the achievement of objectivity is less clear and the Fairness Doctrine has responded to a need for clarity in this presentation by highlighting balanced reportage of issues that concern the public or may be political, controversial, or the subject of dis- or misinformation."
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The Minimum Wage, 2002.
A discussion of the history and the economic effects of the minimum wage.
1,996 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the contraversy surrounding the minimum wage which was implemented in 1938 when Theodore Roosevelt enacted the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) to protect those who were being abused by the system. It provides a breakdown of the arguments for and against minimum wage increases such as that raising the minimum wage simply cuts off and eliminates low-paying jobs. It concludes with a discussion of the effect of the minimum wage on the economy and labor markets and a look to the future.
From the Paper
"As stated in an earlier statistic, a person working full time does not make enough to live. Indeed full-time wages fall well below the poverty line. This issue correlate with welfare. The question often arises among those who are on welfare as to why they should work when working equates to a cut in pay. When people make more money on welfare which is designed to help those who are at the bottom of the economic barrel, it?s obvious that minimum wage increases are not only important, but essential to the well being of the nation and the nation?s economy."
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