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Canadian Immigration Policy, 2006.
A discussion on the convergence and contradictions of racism and economics in understanding Canadian immigration policy and settlement.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the defining characteristics of the Canadian government's public policies regarding immigration and settlement in recent years, and the emphasis upon the economic value to Canada of immigrants and immigration. This essay argues, that if one examines Canadian immigration and settlement policy in a larger historical context, one can recognize how both racism and sexism have been played important roles as primary factors in shaping these policies.
From the Paper
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Canadian Immigration Policy, 2008.
An analysis of the changes to the Canadian immigration policy since World War II and specifically during the 1960s.
2,266 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the evolution of the Canadian immigration policy since the Second World War. Specifically, it discusses the dramatic shift which took place in the 1960s as Canada began to move away from its old preferential immigration policy under the Pearson government. Further, the paper analyzes how political, economic and demographic factors created a remarkable amount of momentum for policies which opened the doors (and kept them open) for non-European arrivals from the latter 1960s onward.
From the Paper
"Lastly, Canada has moved substantially towards an immigration policy that permits family reunification for all immigrants - especially global south immigrants - with very few restrictions. In light of the fact that so many of today's immigrants are non-European (and, as noted previously, this has been the case since at least the middle-1970s), the end result is that this bit of Canadian policy-making has bolstered the already-high numbers of non-European groups within Canada. In the end, it would seem evident that successive Canadian governments - whether Conservative or Liberal - have embraced multicultural immigration because the swiftly-changing demographics of the land (and a new political landscape) leaves them no choice but to indulge non-Caucasian and non-European citizens."
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Canadian Immigration, 2005.
An overview of the Canadian immigration system including its history, charter rights and values.
2,218 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
Canada is, according to the last census, a country with a population of 32,078,819 people (Statistics Canada). This number has been increasing over the past 60 years thank to Canada's immigration policy. This paper examines the history of its immigration system and looks at two relevant case studies.
Outline
Knowledge and Understanding
Application
Two Canadian Cases: Leuce vs. Canada and Sanxhaku vs. Canada
Proposed Changes/Controversial Issues
From the Paper
"The next class is the Independent Class immigrants. These people usually apply at a Canadian Embassy in their country's capital in order to get an interview with a Canadian consul, and upon successful completion of that interview they may be eligible in getting a VISA for entering Canada. These applicant must be 19 years or older. Also they can choose their "destination" for Canada as there are different waiting periods (Quebec or Federal). (Department of Justice Canada). These applicants can be subdivided in another four classes: workers, entrepreneurs, self-employed and investors. They are accepted/rejected based on the point system. The last but not least class is the Refugee Class"
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Canadian Immigration Policy, 2008.
This paper explores anti-Chinese sentiment and Canadian immigration policy during 1885 to 1923.
1,818 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Canada's immigration policy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and argues that Canada's racist immigration policies towards the Chinese were also instrumentalist in the sense that certain types of Chinese were allowed into the country if it was felt they could benefit business interests. The paper explores some of the controversies which compelled politicians at both levels of government to act as they did.
From the Paper
"The simple reality is that Canadian immigration policy during the early years of the twentieth century was driven as much by economic and practical considerations as it was driven by racial and/or cultural considerations - albeit, at least in the case of the Chinese, these items still played a role in the determination of who entered Canada and who did not. For example, Clifford Sifton pursued an immigration policy that sought out farmers from Eastern Europe on the grounds that a) they would be good farmers and diligent labourers; and b) their experiences on the rugged Canadian farmland - experiences shared by most other Canadians - would gradually allow for their assimilation into the larger English-Canadian community (Knowles, para.4)."
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Atlantic Canadian Immigration, 2007.
This paper discuses the problems with attracting and retaining immigrates to Atlantic Canada.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that immigration to Atlantic Canada is important because Canadian immigrants stimulate economic activity through a strong work ethic based on previous experience and, in most cases, university training. The author points out that Canadian immigrants are mostly entrepreneurs of considerable wealth who are willing to invest in the Canadian economy and start their own business. The paper states that Atlantic Canada has a dominant white, poor population owing to a lack of immigration, which is usually non-white. The author stresses that the major stumbling block for immigration to Atlantic Canada is the lack of economic opportunity. The paper concludes that, especially for Atlantic Canada, immigration laws need to focus on making immigration swift and simple and on long-term settlement once immigration has occurred.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Poor Immigration Levels
Reasons behind Low Immigration Levels
Using the Law of Immigration to Promote Atlantic Canadian Economic Prosperity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Atlantic Canada has so little immigration to Canada that the region was not even mentioned once in the body of Statistic Canada's 2004 immigration report. However, a glance over the report's appendix highlights the real inadequacy of Atlantic Canada's immigration problem: for example, only 2.1 percent of Halifax's population constituted "new arrival" status, compared to Toronto's 17.3 percent figure. The lack of immigration to Atlantic Canada is notable upon observation of population levels of Canada's more popular cities. For example, the populations of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick have defied national trends and even decreased over the last five years."
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Canadian Immigration, 2008.
A look at the the economic and class basis of immigration policy and its legal regulation in Canada today.
3,570 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Canadian immigration policy is defined by a range of public and private actors, but is implemented and regulated by state institutions. The paper then argues, with reference to a comparative analysis of three recent articles on immigration and diversity from the Toronto Star, the Globe and Mail, and the Ottawa Citizen, conflicting ideologies and representations of the objects of regulations in these publications reveal the economic and class basis of immigration policy and its legal regulation in Canada today.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Media Actors and Representations
Critical Background: Immigration and the Concept of Diversity
Contemporary Representations of Immigration
From the Paper
"Some critics have argued that the history of the discourse on Canadian diversity has shifted over the course of the twentieth century - from the early years as described above to the present day - over which time the focus shifted from the "problem of immigration" and preventing more diversity from arriving, to the "naturalization problem" of coping with the existing diversity within Canadian borders. However, a critical analysis of the media representations of immigration and diversity within a short span of time - in three different publications in two Canadian metropolises - suggest that this argument may be flawed. From this perspective, the regulatory aspect of the "problem of immigration" remains a core element in the representation of this issue in Canadian media today."
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Canadian Immigration Laws and Women, 2005.
This paper discusses the immigration laws in Canada regarding women.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the subjects of immigration, race and gender found in the Canadian immigration policy. The major argument of this paper is that neo-liberal policies are combining with the already existent sexist and racist immigration policies of Canada.
From the Paper
"The fact that Canada is an immigrant receiving country has been an important part of Canada's history from the very beginning. However, Canadian immigration policy has traditionally been very sexist and racist. For example, in 'Sponsoring Immigrant Women's Inequalities' Sunera Thobani states, 'The nation was founded through the colonization of Aboriginal Peoples, the subjugation of their sovereignty, and the erosion of traditional and customary Rights'. Aboriginal Women were subjected to white, male domination, as well as to a strengthening of patriarchal relations within Aboriginal communities by the Indian Act. Canadians were originally very overt with their sexist and racist policies."
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Canadian Immigration and Assimilation, 2002.
A look at Canada's immigration policies of the 20th century.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, during much of the 20th century, the Canadian leadership and general population placed immigrant groups into a hierarchy of social acceptability. This hierarchy was based on commonly accepted ethnic stereotypes connected to physical features and the capacity to conform to the norms of British culture. Overall, Canadian elites welcomed immigration for the sake of economic objectives, but their immigration policies were modified by those who argued that immigrants must be assimilable into Canadian society.
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Canadian Senior Immigrants, 2008.
This paper discusses the problem of social isolation among Canadian senior immigrants.
2,280 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Canadian senior immigrants are more vulnerable to social isolation and exclusion than Canadian-raised seniors; therefore, it is important to consider the importance of social inclusion for this population. The author points out that problems, such as the lack of social and family support, the lack of knowledge of the English/French language and the lack of community resources have resulted in senior immigrants becoming more socially excluded. The paper stresses that, to encourage social inclusion, social workers need to help break down these barriers, which have caused senior immigrants to face problems of accessibility to services. The author underscores that it is important to not homogenize the senior population but rather to offer culturally sensitive and accessible programs that meet the needs of specific immigrant senior populations and that encourage them to meet their own specific needs.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Senior Immigrants: Exploring Assumptions and Reality
Social Exclusion to Social Inclusion
Barriers to Services
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Contemporary Canadian society is among the most diverse in the world: the 2001 Census lists around two hundred ethnic groups. Among the immigrant population, 68% of all immigrant seniors are originally from Europe and 19% come from Asia (one in five). This development is the result of a change in immigration patterns since the 1960s, when the trend of admitting immigrants from Europe shifted to one admitting people from all over the world, especially Asia. For the purpose of this paper, senior immigrants can be defined by age as legal immigrants 65 years old and above."
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Canadian Black Immigrants and Inequality, 2008.
This paper discusses black immigrants, Canadian immigration policy
and the related inequality.
1,976 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that the patterns of immigration by blacks, and especially black women, over this century demonstrate discriminatory and preventive measures by the Canadian government. The paper relates that this pattern is best understood through the structural functional perspective because immigration policy is designed to ensure that Canadian society is of a certain type. The writer explains that the Canadian government permits certain quotas of immigrants into the country at specific times for labor needs. However, it also carefully controls immigration and prevents family formation. This paper argues that the intention of the Canadian government is and always has been to ensure that blacks and people of color would never be a dominant group and have access to power in the country.
From the Paper
"Immigration policy provided a means to cope with labour shortages while it also defined what is meant by a suitable permanent citizen. That definition was determined by race, ethnicity, class, and also by gender. Black women from the Caribbean were in the worst position. Black workers received half the pay for performing the same work as whites. For domestic workers, conditions went beyond discrimination since they had to endure intolerable conditions of no free time, unpaid overtime, and had to live in. The live-in requirement guaranteed that the women could not form families."
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Canadian Immigrants, 2006.
This paper examines Canadian immigrant and refugee women and the problem of domestic violence.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 8 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the dynamics of domestic violence among immigrant and refugee women in Canada, particularly the problems of isolation, stigma and ignorance of Canadian law. The paper places an emphasis on public education work, seeing that women understand Canadian criminal law and their rights as victims and includes some interview material and various references. The paper is intended as a progress report, towards a longer term paper.
From the Paper
"Canadian immigration and refugee policy has been praised for its special attention to female migrants. It is well known that women often face special dangers in countries they must leave as refugees and that these can be among the reasons they apply to come to Canada as immigrants. This short progress report refers to an eventual paper that will explore Canada's way of taking into account domestic violence among women who are in Canada, many of them depending on husbands or other male kin."
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Immigration Policy and Canadian Nation-Building, 2008.
This paper discusses the immigration policy in Canada as it relates to Canadian nation-building.
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This essay critically examines the issue of immigration and Canadian nation-building within a sociological perspective. A particular focus of the paper is on the contradiction between the ideal of immigration, as reflected in the changes to immigration policy in the 1960s and the introduction of official multiculturalism in the 1970s, and the realities of immigration in regard to its being embedded in the social class and power distribution structures of Canada. In this context, the paper argues that in our capitalist society immigration policy has primarily served the interests of capital in the form of labor force reproduction. This being said, it is then argued that the existence of a multicultural and multiracial society represents a clear challenge to the existing power distribution in Canadian society; a challenge that has been met by policies such as official multiculturalism which are instruments by which the capitalist state seeks to control and channel dissent and thereby ensure the perpetuation of the Canadian status quo.
From the Paper
"Thus, the labour force of Canada was not biologically reproducing itself on a generational basis by the later decades of the twentieth century. In order to meet this shortfall, the Government of Canada resorted to immigration to supply a labour force to meet the demands of the Canadian economy. These demands are complex, for the Labour Force Reproduction model indicates that the economy needs a labour supply not only in terms of production but also to consume the goods produced. As a result, in the years in which the Canadian fertility rates were declining (after 1956) the Canadian immigration levels were increasing. From 1954 to 1992 Canada accepted 5.7 million immigrants. These immigrants fulfilled a wide number of economic roles in Canadian society, from contributing as business class immigrants and supplying entrepreneurial investment funds, to those who work in the commercial and corporate sectors. In addition, we must not forget the significant numbers of immigrants who worked as unpaid labour - often women - and so subsidized the paid labour force in Canada."
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Immigration and Canadian Diversity, 2007.
This paper discusses the issue of immigration and diversity in Canada, while looking at accounts regarding Chinese immigrants in the 19th and 20th century.
2,182 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses two news accounts that presented similar backgrounds regarding the Chinese immigrants in the 19th century and the 20th century. The writer compares and contrasts events taken from these two time periods with academic sources detailing the same. The writer notes that economic strife and the hope of acquiring wealth, while apparently more pronounced in the 20th century, was the primary motivator for these people to take life-threatening risks as well as the risk of being turned back. The writer points out that the politico-social climate had perceptibly changed since 1860, particularly regarding the shift of perceptions of immigrants by native Canadians from a racial, white superiority perspective against the backdrop of colonialism to that of cultural paranoia fueled by biased media coverage and political secondary gain. The writer concludes that although steps have been taken to control immigration, cultural diversity remains elusive. This paper includes a detailed summary and notes regarding each of the sources.
Outline:
The 19th Century
20th Century
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This was one of the first accounts of local press during the 1860s regarding the arrival of Chinese migrants to British Columbia. Being of a foreign land, they initially shared the white man's dreams of finding fortune in the new province similar to the California gold rush. It was an equal proving ground where, literally, one could keep what he reaped from the mines. However, as the fervor of finding instant fortune soon died down in the south, so did the gold rush in British Columbia. This did not mean that other industries were in lack. Indeed, the lumbering and agricultural industries were also abundant, owing to the gold rush that had to be sustained by settlements and towns requiring building materials and a means with which to feed the inhabitants."
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Immigration and Canadian Economics, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of immigration in Canada as it relates to the economy.
1,717 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that with the large increase of immigrants arriving in the last part of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first, Canada has seen some economic benefits, but these benefits are far outweighed by the burden of increased immigration. The writer points out that the government, in an attempt to bolster the Canadian economy, has sought to increase immigration, and thus increase their country's economic status. The writer maintains that immigration is beneficial in many ways, for it does offer a fix for some ails, and it also creates a larger workforce. However, the writer concludes that immigration alone cannot answer or strengthen Canada's economy other than in a superficial and short term way.
From the Paper
"This large immigration rate is not a result of chance or of Canada suddenly becoming the new land of opportunity as the United States did in the late 1800's and the early 1900's. It is not because there is a new Lady Liberty placed in Toronto or Vancouver calling for the worlds poor huddled masses. Rather this increase in immigration is due to an intentional government policy change. The government, in an attempt to bolster the Canadian economy, has sought to increase immigration, and thus increase their country's economic status. Canada has long suffered from a shortage of labor and an economy that at times was strong and suffered greatly at others. One way that they addressed the issue was to create programs that would allow the current population to meet the labor shortage. Initially, that seemed to work, but it could not truly answer the labor shortage for several years."
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When Does an Immigrant Become a Canadian?, 2006.
Using actual conversations with immigrants to Canada, this paper examines when immigrants to Canada feel they have become Canadian.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at what distinguishes an immigrant from a Canadian, and argues that this occurs, over time. The paper refers to several works to indicate educated notions of Canadian society as excluding or racist, in contrast with testimony from everyday immigrant Canadians. Becoming Canadian seems largely a process of osmosis, so that a person realizes they no longer think like persons where they came from, or otherwise are changed by the experience of living in Canada. Testimony provided by immigrants, in every case, contradicts what educated immigrant theorists have argued about Canadian society.
From the Paper
"This paper owes to conversation with immigrants to Canada on the topic of when they knew they had become Canadians. Several people said they had become Canadian without realizing it, till an experience of their old culture or country made them see that they were different, that they thought differently and that their minds referred to Canada as home. Much academic literature refers marginalization, or adaptation versus assimilation, as in Eva Karpinski's collection of short stories, poems and essays on what it means to be Canadian that stresses how authors feel they do not belong or are opposed, somehow, in Canada."
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