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The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 2005.
An analysis of the principles of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This nine page paper argues that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is not anti-democratic, for it serves the vital purpose of safeguarding the political, social, economic, and religious rights and liberties of all Canadians, regardless of their ethnic heritage. The paper describes the history of the Charter of Rights and discusses the similarities between it and the Canadian Bill of Rights that existed prior to 1982.
From the Paper
"The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: An Analysis of Principles The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is not anti-democratic, for it serves the vital purpose of safeguarding the political, social, economic, and religious rights and liberties of all Canadians, regardless of their ethnic heritage. Despite the claims of its critics that it is anti-democratic, most of its content is not new or deserving of criticism, for before the Charter was put into effect in 1982, the Canadian Bill of Rights and related laws already protected many of the rights and freedoms that have been incorporated together into the Charter. (McDonald 2-5)"
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Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, 2005.
An examination of the strengths and weaknesses of the Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms and examines how the strengths and weaknesses of the Charter impact the courts. The paper takes a closer look at the six rights outlined in the Charter such legal, equality, and language rights. Two court cases are examined. These cases represent litigation based on infringements of an individual's rights.
From the Paper
"Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms' Impact on Courts Introduction Canada is a democratic country where citizens live freely amongst one another. It is a multicultural nation that prides itself on maintaining and preserving equality among its people. This is not to say that inequalities do not exist, rather that Canada is a nation that is committed to preserving the rights and freedoms of all peoples. However, it is the 21st Century and there are some countries around the world that have not caught on to the human rights and freedoms movement."
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Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 2005.
An interpretation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms by the Canadian courts.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (hereafter referred to as the Charter's is part of the Constitution Act, 1982) and is fundamental legislation used by the Canadian courts to protect the human rights of Canadian citizens. The paper discusses how like all legislation, the Charter is complex and may be interpreted in different ways. Over the years, the courts have been charged with attempting to interpret it in the best interests of Canadians.
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Canadian Charter of Rights, 2002.
Asks the question: do you support or oppose the inclusion of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in the Canadian constitution?
525 words (approx. 2.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the importance of the Charter of Rights in the Canadian Constitution. The Charter should be viewed as a tribute of a nation that holds certain rights and freedoms as inexorable. This is to advocate the Charter without reservation.
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Canadian Charter of Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 2002.
Discussion of Canadian fundamental freedoms of thought and religion as identified in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
Section 2 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms identifies Canadians' fundamental freedoms of thought and religion. This discussion assesses its application in the last twenty years. The emphasis is on issues of religious observance-'Sunday shopping' and prayer in schools-and the issue of 'hate crimes' such as holocaust denial.
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Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 2006.
A discussion on whether judges, who are responsible for interpreting the law under Canada's Charter of Rights and Freedoms, should have have restrictions imposed on their interpretive powers.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom protects important freedoms of all Canadians such as freedom of the press, religion, and expression. However, the implementation of the law, which allows almost unlimited power for judges to interpret the rights as they see fit, is worrying. This paper discusses the needs for limits on judges' interpretive powers.
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Charter of Rights Cases in Canada, 2003.
Analyzes the role of human dignity and individual rights in cases involving the Canadian Charter of Rights.
5,290 words (approx. 21.2 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of human dignity and individual rights in cases involving the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The analysis finds that individual rights were accorded greater weight by the courts in Section 15(1) cases than in Section 7 cases.
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Canadian Charter Section D33, 2008.
This paper discuses the safety mechanism in Section D33 of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms", part of the Constitution.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Section D33 (S33) of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms" permits Parliament or the provincial legislatures to over-ride some portions of the Charter so that legislation of the kind is automatically subject to an incoming government's review or cancellation. The author points out that S33 is viewed as a brokering mechanism, a kind of bridge between British and American models of constitutional law. The paper relates that S33 stresses the right of the people to demonstrate their opposition to policies produced through the legal process that do not comply with the people's values or preferences. The author remarks that, in this legislation, one sees a Canada grounded in both rights and obligations and the wish for elected representatives to shape development more.
From the Paper
"For instance, in the months that gay marriage was debated in Ottawa, there was no progress made on dozens of large Aboriginal land claims in Canada that may prove of greater moral interest to millions of Canadians. The rights and ambitions of a gay Canadian minority within a minority, in gay Canadians wishing to marry and able to afford the costs of a marriage, were placed at the top of the Supreme Court's agenda. This can be seen as merely part of Canada's shift towards a 'constitutional' democracy."
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The Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 2005.
This paper discusses the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and substantive equality of the sexes.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, until 1982, human rights in Canada were protected by the Canadian Bill of Rights. The author points out that the Bill of Rights did not protect women's rights very well, and some court cases had unfair and discriminatory outcomes. The paper relates that, in 1982, the Canadian government passed the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to protect the human rights of all Canadians in a more effective way.
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Judicial Review and The Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 2002.
Explores the impact of judicial review on the administration of law and the quality of education in Canada.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 15 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how judicial review and the entrenchment of the Charter of Rights in Canada have affected the legal system and the ability of teachers to provide high quality and meaningful education to students. In the final analysis, it is proposed that greater knowledge of the Charter and the relevant laws that affect teachers are the only solutions to the situation.
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The Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, 2005.
This paper discusses race and the Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper uses two academic journal articles and one book to examine what role race plays in the Charter and in Canadian society in terms of racial discrimination. The author writes from a historical perspective. The paper includes an outline of how to conduct an article review.
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Aboriginal Rights in Canada, 2005.
A persuasive essay that argues against special rights for the Aboriginal peoples in Canada.
868 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the special rights that Aboriginals are granted in Canada violate Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which states that all individuals are to be treated equally, regardless of their race or ethnic origin. The paper argues that Aboriginals are one group of peoples among many other minority groups that make up Canada. It questions, therefore, why Aboriginals should be given special grants and privileges above everyone else.
From the Paper
"As well, in trying to establish successful colonies, the governments did impose assimilation on Aboriginals; however, Aboriginals were not the only ones subjected to assimilation. Indeed, assimilation and discrimination against certain ethnic groups and races is not a part of history that Canada is proud of, but at the same time it is not an aspect of history that applied only to Aboriginals. Blacks, Asians, eastern Europeans and Irish peoples are just a few of the many cultural groups that were subjected to discrimination upon their immigration to North America. Yet, it is only Aboriginals that are currently granted special rights and benefits in Canada."
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The History of Individual Rights, 2006.
A historical look at individual rights starting with the Charter of Liberties enacted under King Henry I of England.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses individual rights in England and America before the Constitutional Convention. The paper begins by discussing the Charter of Liberties, enacted into English law in 1100 under King Henry I. The paper explains that the charter specifically addressed the king's treatment of church officials and was intended to ensure their freedoms in the country. The charter attempted to address the known abuses that that former kings had levied against those representing the church, and it restricted the king's power by law. The paper also explains that the Charter of Liberties was considered the framework for the Magna Carta and that it was agreed to by Henry I.
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Human Rights Abuses by Multinational Corporations, 2008.
This paper is an in-depth analysis of existing legal framework for preventative action and accountability of abuses of human rights by multinational corporations (MNCs).
29,595 words (approx. 118.4 pages), 113 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that human rights abuses traditionally have been thought of as being propagated by governments against people or by one group of people against another; however, today, the process of globalization is making the multinational corporation (MNC) a prime player on the front of global human rights abuses. The author points out that the western multinational corporation is most responsible for helping to sustain unacceptable standards in terms of labor rights, political rights and environmental policies in nations where reform is severely needed. The paper stresses that it has become more common than not for the entrance of MNCs en masse into a developing economy to stimulate a general and rapid decline in general environmental conditions as well as the establishment of sturdier institutional obstacles to political activism, gender rights advocacy or the advancement of labor rights.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Human Rights and Multinational Corporations: Case Studies
Royal Dutch Shell
The Clothing Industry
Major Infringement of Human Rights by Multinational Corporations
Comments on Context
Employment of 'Security' Forces by Multinational Corporations
Labor Rights and Multinational Corporations
Unscrupulous Competitors and Free-Riders
Existing Legal Framework Dealing with Multinational Corporations and Multinational Corporations' Self-Regulation
The United Nations Approach
The Global Compact
Potential Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Trustee ofFunds
The World Trade Organization
Status of GATT/WTO in International Law
The World Trade Organization Preamble
GATT Exceptions
Equal Treatment and National Treatment Obligation
Most Favored Nation Obligation
The World Trade Organization and Labor Rights
Incentives to States
Voluntary Codes of Conduct
Codes about Labor Rights
Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Corporations
Regional Organization and Human Rights
Domestic Law Approaches to Multinational Corporations Accountability
Deceptive Advertising Law
Tort Law
Principles of the 'Color of State Authority' and the United States Alien Tort Crimes Act
'Joint Enterprise' and 'Joint Venture' Liability
Revoking Corporate Charters
'Lifting the Corporate Veil'
Corporate Criminal Liability
Fiduciary Obligations
Forum Non Conveniens
Concluding Remarks
Human Rights and Economics
Institutions and Contemporary Issues
Global Trade and Human Beings
Appendixes
The Wealth of States and Multinational Corporations Compared
The World's Largest Multinational Corporations: Home Country Revenues and Multinational Corporations' Profits
Breaches of Human Rights by Multinational Corporations
Principles of the Global Compact
International and Regional Agreements, Statues and Cases
International Agreements
United Nations
World Trade Organization
International Labor Organization
Regional Agreements
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
Association of South East Asian Nations
Organization for African Unity
North American Free Trade Agreement
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Statutes
Australia
United States
Cases
World Trade Organization
From the Paper
"In recent years, the clothing industry, among others, has escalated its manufacturing in export processing zones (EPZs), otherwise known as economic zones, or free trade zones, particularly throughout developing countries in Asia and South America. While there are differences between these zones, in general they are specific industrial areas that house numerous MNC production facilities, among them Nike, Reebok, Adidas, The Gap, Old Navy and Guess , which make products for export. In some cases MNCs fully own production plants within EPZs and in others the facilities are owned by local businesses, or other third party contractors, which may produce for more than one MNC in the same establishment."
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Government Funding of Challenges to Charter Violations, 2008.
An evaluation of the ongoing debate across Canada over government funding of organizations to challenge violations by the federal government of rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom.
1,463 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how the issues involved in the debate over government funding of organizations to challenge violations of rights protected are often complex and that arguments for and against government funding both have merit. The paper explains that the relative merits of these respective arguments depend upon the specific violation involved, but concludes that in general, advocates of government funding for challenges offer the most convincing arguments.
From the Paper
"The Charter guarantees the fundamental freedoms of Canadian democracy, including freedom of conscience and religion; freedoms of thought, belief, opinion and expression; freedom of the press and other media of communication; freedom of peaceful assembly; and freedom of association. In addition, democratic rights such as voting, regular elections, and limits on Parliamentary sessions are guaranteed, as are mobility, legal, and equality rights.
"The problem is, many of these guaranteed rights cannot be adequately protected unless lengthy court action is pursued, which costs money. Proponents of government funding for challenges of violations consider this necessary because many Canadians are worried about enforcement of the guarantees in the Charter and are skeptical that their rights are being truly acknowledged by the government."
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