| Papers [1-12] of 12 | Search results on "CAFFEINE": |
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Use of Caffeine by Athletes, 2003.
Examines the controversy over whether caffeine enhances performance.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 20 sources, $ 111.95
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Abstract
Discusses the ambivalent findings of studies and the theory that caffeine helps athletic performance in endurance sports. Describes how caffeine works in the body, the use of coffee by Americans, in general, and problems of too much caffeine.
From the Paper
"Many people enjoy caffeine because it makes them feel more alert, enhances their energy, improves their mood, and makes them more productive. Athletes often use caffeine to facilitate performance improvement, both in their routine workouts ..."
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The Effects of Caffeine, 2006.
This paper discusses the effects of caffeine on the cognitive functions of memory and attention.
1,181 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper describes how caffeine increases stimulation of the central nervous system. The paper relates how, if taken in low doses, caffeine is an effective stimulant that can enhance the cognitive functions of memory and attention. The paper points out, however, that a high dosage of caffeine can have undesirable effects such as restlessness, irritability and anxiety.
From the Paper
"Although caffeine can be found naturally in many foods, it can also be found in some non-prescription drugs, such as sleep suppressants, to fight drowsiness (Josephy, 1997; Westen, Burton, & Kowalski, 2006). Caffeine is used as an ingredient in these drugs because of its ability to increase the activity of neurons and other cells by stimulating the central nervous system (Goodenough, Wallace, & McGuire, 1998; Harte et al., 1991). However, caffeine does not act by altering the communication between neurons. Instead, it acts by speeding up the metabolic rate of all cells. This increase in cellular metabolism occurs from the increased production of glucose due to caffeine (Goodenough et al.). Further to this, caffeine blocks adenosine receptors, leading to an increased stimulation of the central nervous system (Smit & Rogers, 2000)."
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Alcohol and Caffeine, 2007.
This paper provides a review of an experiment "Alcohol, Intentional Control and Inappropriate Behavior: Regulation by Caffeine or an Incentive".
1,143 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses a study which posited that reduced intentional control of persons under the influence of alcohol could be counteracted by caffeine or an environmental incentive such as money. The paper discusses the variables and methodology used and summarizes the conclusions drawn from the experiment. The paper provides an analysis of this experiment and shows how the dual nature of the experiment is problematic to some degree. The paper discusses what the experiment should have tested instead.
Outline:
Hypothesis Tested in the Experiment
The Variables
The Methodology and Procedures Used
Conclusions Drawn from the Experiment
Analysis
From the Paper
"The researchers wondered if the increased chemical stimulation and arousal produced by the pharmacological effect of caffeine or some other environmental reward (such as money) could function to counteract the depressant action of alcohol upon the central nervous system. The researchers believed that caffeine or an external reward could help restore some intentional control of behavior; much in the way some drinkers insist that a cup of coffee has a sobering effect upon their performance behind the wheel of a moving vehicle."
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Caffeine & Sports, 1996.
Physiological & psychological effects of drug on athletic performance, regulation, cellular process involved, effectiveness, endurance, metabolism.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 13 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"The drug, caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is consumed worldwide. It is found in tea, coffee, and soft drinks. Caffeine is also a common ingredient in headache medications and appetite suppressants. The drug's primary physiologic effects involve the central nervous system: Caffeine is a stimulant. In addition, over the past several decades, the compound's influence on sports-related performance has also been investigated. Various studies indicate that caffeine may improve endurance performance during long-term, low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise. It is thought that this effect may result from an increase in metabolic efficiency. Some investigators believe that caffeine enhances the utilization of blood borne free fatty acids. Unfortunately though, such factors as a lack of..."
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The Legalization of Drugs.
This paper argues against the legalization of drugs, which has been an ongoing debate since the 1970s.
3,340 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper discuss marijuana, crack/cocaine, tranquilizers, hallucinogens, amphetamines, heroin, alcohol, nicotine. and caffeine to provide a framework for the author's argument that the legalization of drugs can in no way be deemed ethical or moral. The author points out that caffeine is an amphetamine, but it doesn't stand out because it is legal; although the effects of overuse don't seem to be as serious as those of other "harder" drugs, caffeine can be a dangerous drug. The paper concludes that the only argument that can be used to justify the legalization of drugs is ethical formalism; therefore, with only one available argumentative system to justify drug legalization as a moral act, the author believes that the conclusion to reject the legalization is correct.
From the Paper
"What is a drug? A drug, as defined by "Webster's Dictionary" is: (1) a substance used as a medication or in the preparation of a medication, (2) a substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, (3) a substance other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body, (4) a substance that causes addiction or habituation. The fact that the definition of drugs has so many components may be the cause of why society cannot come up with an agreement about whether or not drugs should be legalized. The definition contains the medical use of drugs which in the majority of cases are pharmacological drugs that have been recognized by doctors and pharmacists and it also contains the negative side of drugs which is the fact that drugs can cause addiction or habituation and can affect the body and mind. All drugs affect the body and mind. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, illegal drugs, and the drugs that we sometimes fail to recognize as drugs because they are so common."
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Coffee and Me, 2002.
An analysis of the metabolism of coffee and its affects on the body.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses how caffeine is a powerful central nervous system stimulant whose effects diminish with increased usage. Larger doses, therefore, become necessary to avoid withdrawal symptoms. The exact mechanisms of caffeine's effects are not well known but are due, in general, to altered levels of certain neurotransmitters and the metabolism of circulating free fatty acids.
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| Term Paper # 64309 |
temporarily unavailable
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Hypothesis Testing, 2007.
This paper is an introductory description of the five-steps of hypothesis testing.
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the hypothesis statement, "The typical American drinks on average 3 or more 8 oz. caffeine beverages a day" to demonstrate hypothesis testing. The author points out the steps in the five-step hypothesis test: (1) formulate a null and an alternative hypothesis; (2) select a level of significance or risk for the research; (3) identify the test statistic; (4) formulate a decision rule and (5) do the calculations and make a decision. The paper relates that hypothesis testing can be used to test any claim about a parameter.
Table of Contents:
Research Issue
Hypothesis
Five-Step Hypothesis Test
Results
Other Uses of Hypothesis Testing
Excel Spreadsheets
Hypothesis Test: Mean vs. Hypothesized Value
From the Paper
"A one-tail test is a test that indicates a direction. This direction can be indicated by the use of words such as less than or more than, or it can be indicated by the use of the greater or less than mathematical signs. The direction of the tail is determined by which direction the alternate hypothesis points. A two-tail test is needed when the words or signs equal and not equal are used. By looking at the hypotheses, Team B determined that they will be conducting a one-tail test to the right."
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Psychological Effects of Drugs and Alcohol, 2004.
Discusses the psychological effects of drugs and alcohol on the human brain.
2,872 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses in detail the psychological effects of drugs and alcohol on the human brain and how those effects play a role in the overall psychological constitution of the user/addict. The topics included in this paper include a brief yet detailed overview of substance dependence in conjunction with the evidence for psychological dependence as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-IV and other pertinent scientific sources. In addition, a number of recommendations for future research on the psychological effects of drugs and alcohol are discussed at the conclusion of this paper.
Substance Dependence
Substance-Induced Disorders
Alcohol
Cocaine and Amphetamines
Caffeine
Cannabis
Hallucinogens
Inhalants
Nicotine
Opioids
Phencyclidine
Sedatives
Recommendations
From the Paper
"The study of the psychological effects of drugs and alcohol on the human brain, as compared to other medical conditions, is relatively new in the field of medical research. Only within the last fifty years or so has the medical community focused on how drugs and alcohol affect the human brain and the conditions that arise from prolonged abuse of the various associated substances. As Dent J. Yerbury points out, "literally hundreds of substances cross the brain barrier to influence human behavior and psychology" (June,1986), especially those connected to substance abuse. Reflecting those substances that are most widely abused and that cause the most significant problems to the abuser, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM--IV) has divided the universe of substances into eleven specific drug classes--alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, cannabis (marijuana), hallucinogens, inhalants, nicotine, opioids, phencyclidine, and sedatives. Most recently, one other category has been included for less commonly abused substances, being over-the-counter medications."
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Chocolate, 2002.
An evaluation of how chocolate in moderate doses can actually improve quality of life.
7,825 words (approx. 31.3 pages), 125 sources, MLA, $ 169.95
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Abstract
For years, chocolate has been looked down upon as unhealthy, deemed a candy, slapped with myths and fallacies and prohibited from small children. This paper attempts to prove otherwise by showing how chocolate has been shown to lift depression, help your heart and aid alertness among other benefits and if used properly, chocolate can be a delicacy and a medicine. It examines all aspects of chocolate possible from its production from the cocoa bean, to physiological effects on the brain and body to side effects such as obesity and dental problems.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Brief Review of Cocoa
The Cacao Tree (Theobrom Cacao)
What is in the Cocoa Bean?
Making and Eating Chocolate
State of the Art of Cocoa
Is Cocoa Good for You?
Burden of Proof
Chocolate as a Fat
Effects on Blood Lipids
What is OK?
Chocolate, Health and Disease
Chocolate Craving
Migraine
Toxicity
Immune Function
Allergy
Other Disorders
Behavior
Antioxidants
Caffeine
Dental Caries
Migraines
Obesity
Serum Cholesterol
Heart Health
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Cocoa takes it a step further though. Not only does it provide energy for our actions. It supplies chemicals for our personalities and moods. Modern psychology leads us to believe that every thought, every idea that pops into our head is simultaneously a biological reaction. This biological reaction takes the form of chemical processes within our brains. Our mind then interprets these chemical compounds as thoughts, ideas, smells, tastes, touch, etc. Our thoughts, or chemicals compounds within our brain can determine how we feel, our motivation, our goals, our entire lives hinge upon our thoughts, for what are we but what we do. And before we do anything, we must think it. We must have considered it at some point or been subconsciously predisposed to an action or idea."
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Changing Behavior, 2002.
This paper discusses psychological theories for methods of changing behavior and then chronicles the author's attempt to change her own behavior by using a process of positive reinforcement and adhering to a Pavlovian model of conditioning.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper states that behavior modification is simply learning. The author discusses and compares Pavlovian and Operant conditioning and Positive and Negative Reinforcement. The paper refers to various reinforcement strategies: Systematic desensitization, aversion therapy (reciprocal inhibition) and biofeedback. The author details her experiment using positive reinforcement (buying a CD) to learn new behaviors in regards to caffeine consumption. She noticed problems of physical addiction.
From the Paper
"Pavlovian conditioning is in fact a type of learning. Indeed, it is perhaps the most famously documented type of learning that there is. It is difficult indeed to imagine that there exists a college student anywhere in the Western Hemisphere who has not heard the story of how Ivan Pavlov came up with the idea of teaching his dog to associate the sound of a ringing bell with the introduction of food. (We all know the ending of this story: Pavlov was able to make his dog salivate in anticipation of being fed whenever he heard the meal-time bell - and even after Pavlov no longer followed up the bell with food the dog continued to salivate for a number of repetitions of the experiment.)
This is the way in which Pavlovian learning always works: An individual (a dog, a human, a chimp - and even some non-mammalian species) is given a certain stimulus to which it responds consistently."
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Starbucks, 2004.
This paper is a case analysis of Starbucks in the premier coffee industry.
4,000 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Starbucks' primary industry is gourmet or specialty coffee; however, in recent years, Starbucks has expanded its offerings to include a line of ice cream for supermarkets, a joint venture with Pepsi Cola to market is highly popular Frappuccino, items such as t-shirts and coffee mugs, and has continued to expand its sales to alternative outlets, such as food service and nontraditional retail sites, including Barnes & Noble, Holland America cruise lines, Seattle Kingdome, and United Airlines. The author points out that Starbucks has relied primarily on word of mouth as its best and most utilized form of advertising. The paper stresses that Starbucks has managed to create and implement a marketing strategy that appeals to nearly every segment of the population, from college students looking for caffeine while studying for midterms to senior citizens looking for a place to congregate and talk.
Table of Contents
Situational Analysis
Environment
Industry
Firm
Marketing Strategy
Problems
Strategic Alternatives; Selection of Strategic Alternative and Implementation
From the Paper
"Current or pending federal, local, or state legislation may change or impact an industry, firm, or marketing strategy. In recent years, Starbucks and other gourmet and specialty coffee retailers have faced increasing pressure to begin and continue purchasing Fair Trade Certified coffee and marketing it in their retail outlets and on their internet sites. Under an agreement reached with a fair trade organization, Starbucks and other proprietors of gourmet and specialty coffees will buy Fair Trade coffee from certified importers who ensure that they have paid coffee farmers a fair and reasonable price for their coffee beans. In addition to ensuring that a greater portion of the money goes into the pocket of the individual coffee farmers, such an agreement will enable Starbucks and other gourmet and specialty coffee retailers to improve the quality of coffee and the quality of life for individuals residing in developing countries."
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