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The C.T. Scan, 2005. A discussion on the development of the C.T. (Computed Tomography) scan, which was developed between 1957 and 1972. 1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 43.95 »
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Abstract This paper looks at how the C.T. Scanner is a sophisticated type of x-ray machine, which rather than sending out one wide single x-ray sends out a number of beams from various angles simultaneously. It compares the C.T. Scanner with the M.R.I. Scanner, which uses magnets and radio waves instead of radiation and discusses how the M.R.I. Scanner gives greater detail for soft tissues; whereas the C.T. Scanner gives a clearer picture of the bones.
From the Paper "Research also shows that Robert Ledley was the first person to devise a scanner that was able to scan the whole body. This was to revolutionize diagnostic medicine. The first model, that was actually used for diagnosis and built by Doctor Ledley was called an A.C.T.A .Scanner and was used clinically at Georgetown University Hospital in the USA from 1974 - 1978. This machine is now a part of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica Almanac, 2003, the mathematical base of CAT screening was devised in 1963-64 by Allan Cormack of the United States and the first C.T. scan machine was built in 1972 by Godfrey Hounsfield of the U.K.."
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C and C++, 2004. An examination of the methods that C and C++ programming languages use and how they can be implemented. 956 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 33.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses and analyzes the topic of the C and C++ programming languages. Specifically, it discusses some common applications of the language. C, and its derivative, C++, two of the most commonly-used programming languages in the world. They are versatile, easy to work with, and help the programmer create complicated yet functional programs for the end-user.
From the Paper "The C programming language was developed for large-scale applications, and it is still used extensively in the UNIX environment. It is also heavily utilized in computer games. Initially, C was developed to program and organize the UNIX operating system in the 1970s. As the language evolved, it was used (and still is used) extensively to program personal computers (PCs), and develop programs for them. Originally, C was developed for use in applications that had little space for memory. C uses very little memory, and so it was perfect for these applications. As one expert writes about the language, "Yet it was designed to allow programmers to do heavy-duty 'systems' programming, working on such basic software plumbing as operating systems, compilers, and the like" (Lohr 79). Many experts have compared C to FORTRAN, because it opened up a whole wealth of applications in higher-level languages. FORTRAN gave the programmer the opportunity to program larger machines with bigger programs, especially in engineering and scientific applications."
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Case Study: C and C Grocery Stores, 2005. This paper analyzes the case study in which the struggles of a company known as C and C Grocery Stores are exposed as being the product of poor organization. 1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95 »
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Abstract This paper reviews a proposal, tabled by a university group brought in as consultants, and suggests that while their plan has merits, it is not without drawbacks. The author evaluates the proposals for organizational change put forward by the university team, critically assess these proposals and suggest possible alternatives and the possible benefits/consequences of those alternatives. The paper concludes that talented store managers must be given the opportunity to adapt to local conditions.
From the Paper "The difficulties confronting C and C Grocery Stores are significant, but not insuperable. The writer of this paper, acting as an outside advisor brought in to assist the struggling chain during a time of crisis, will explore the case of C and C Grocery Stores, review the proposals for organizational change put forward by the university team, critically assess those proposals, and suggest possible alternatives - and the possible benefits/consequences of those alternatives."
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Mark Antony (83 B.C. - 30 B.C.), 2006. A look at the life of Mark Antony (83 B.C. - 30 B.C.). 1,070 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 37.95 »
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Abstract This paper reviews the life and history of Mark Antony, born Marcus Antonius. The paper discusses how, thanks to the works of famous writers like Plutarch and Shakespeare, Mark Antony has become a legend. The paper further discusses how his actions following Julius Caesar's death in 44 B.C. and his exploits with Queen Cleopatra have made him interesting reading and a source of entertainment for centuries. However, behind the many stories, there was a man who was a brave general, loyal supporter, dedicated Roman and ardent lover.
From the Paper "While Caesar was fighting in Egypt and Africa to defeat the last of Pompey's forces, Antonius was given the distinction of being made Master of the Horse (fact). His role was to be a politician and administrator in Italy while Caesar was out of the country. Unfortunately for him, Antonius was not good in that role and was removed in 47 B.C. and even banished from Caesar's sight for two years (unrv). Nevertheless, Antonius was able to work his way back into Caesar's circle; in 44 B.C. he was the one to offer the crown to Caesar, a circumstance much celebrated in the first act of Shakespeare's play, Julius Caesar (unrv)."
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The Use of Arrays in C++ Programming, 2006. This paper defines the technical term array and examines its usefulness in C++ and COBOL programming. 2,030 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 64.95 »
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Abstract This paper defines "array" as a type of data structure that can contain multiple items, all of the same kind. An array can also be defined as any variable type, that can form the basis of an array definition. Arrays are used to pass on information and are applied to various types of computer programming such as C and C++ assembly language as well as Pascal, one of the earliest programming languages. Higher level languages such as COBOL and the Pick family of languages use arrays as well. This paper details in technical terms the advantages and disadvantages in using arrays in programming. In computer programming, arrays are used anytime a collection of strings needs sorting or analysis. This would include most business uses. Arrays are helpful in electronic data interfacing as well.
Table of Contents:
Background on Arrays
What is an Array?
Why is an Array Used?
Advantages of Using Arrays
Disadvantages of Using Arrays
Uses of Arrays in C++
How Arrays Must Be Handled
How Arrays Sort and Search
Types of Arrays Used
Parallel Arrays
Indexed Arrays
Multidimensional Arrays
In What Applications are Arrays Used
An Example of an Array
Works Cited and Bibliography
From the Paper "Borland C++ for Dummies calls Arrays, "Arrays of Hope". Michael Hyman goes on to say that the great thing about arrays is that each element in the array has a number, called an index, that you can use to easily access the information in that element. You can also use loops to look at all the elements (or a range of elements) in a particular array. The array index lets you access any of the items in the array immediately. This makes random access much faster than using lists for storing information." COBOL programming uses lists or tables to store information and its access time is much slower than C. On the other hand, Pick Systems use Arrays to store strings the same way that C and C++ does. This automatic data base language also uses loops to read and print strings the same as C does."
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Author V.C Andrews, 2005. This paper discusses writing styles especially of author V.C Andrews. 1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that there are many different styles of writings which are developed from the author's appropriate word choice, varied rhythm, effective placement and choice of modifiers, appropriate transitions, effective and creative use of punctuation, variation of sentence length and a logical hierarchical placement of detail. The author examines the style of V.C Andrews by using a paragraph from her books "Flower's in the Attic", "Heaven" and "My Sweet Audrina". The paper relates that, while Andrews was alive, she only finished six books but her family hired a ghost writer by the name of Andrew Neiderman. However, the author feels that there is a difference between her writing style and that of her ghost.
Table of Contents
Definition of Style
V.C Andrews' "Flower's in the Attic"
V.C Andrews' "Heaven"
V.C Andrews' "My Sweet Audrina"
Ghost Writer Andrew Neiderman
From the Paper "Yes, I do believe his work is very good. He can still see feel the anguish of what they are going through. But I don't think his writings are as dramatic as Andrews. He doesn't use the every day language and modifiers as she does. I think in a way they do portray the same things. For example, all of the main characters want to be happy, instead it takes a long time for that to happen. And in the process, several of the other character's are destroyed, with no intent on the main character. Something always happens to the one who is terrifying the main character."
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Nursing and Hepatitis C, 2005. Examines hepatitis C and the task of nursing. 675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95 »
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Abstract This paper is on nursing and hepatitis C. A discussion is presented in the general area of hepatitis and more thoroughly on hepatitis C. Symptoms and treatment programs are discussed along with what the nurse's role is in treating hepatitis c patients. Suggestions are made in order to break the cycle of a viral disease that has no cure today.
From the Paper "Broadly defined hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver with viral or non-viral causes. is As a non-bacterial disease Viral hepatitis is caused by a microscopic organism that multiplies rapidly within human cells and causes diseases such as mumps, hepatitis, measles, rubella, and chickenpox. Unfortunately this particular disease is not treatable through those antibiotics generally prescribed to treat bacteria caused diseases such as meningitis, pneumonia, scarlet fever, E.coli, and other bacteria related infections. The focus of this paper will be one of the viral diseases known as hepatitis with respect to diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and the nursing profession. Hepatitis and Hepatitis C. All forms of Hepatitis can cause an elevated disease state; however, the symptomatic indicators are generally flu-like conditions, gray fecal matter, color, jaundiced colored skin, very dark urine, diarrhea, and possible vomiting and sever abdominal pain."
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Environmental Scanning, 2002. This paper looks at the concept of environmental scanning, a tool used to forecast future opportunities thereby allowing an organization to take advantage of them when they occur. 2,261 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 70.95 »
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Abstract Scanning is evaluated by managers and executives who have used it as a positive tool. The writer shows how small businesses can benefit from the use of scanning. The paper looks at situations in which a company has a chance to improve its strategic position by taking a specific, out of the ordinary, action. These actions are made possible by the use of scanning.
From the Paper "The viewpoint increasingly applied to these considerations is that an organization is an "open system": its growth and survival is dependent on the nature of the environment it faces. (Fahey, et al., pg 32) If any organization is subject to its environment, its future is tied in with factors (economic, political, technological, regulatory and sociological) which will inevitably come into play as change takes place within that environment. This is important because where opportunities exist is in those future changes."
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Hepatitis C, 2007. An overview of the causes of Hepatitis C and why they are so difficult to control. 2,537 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 76.95 »
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Abstract Hepatitis C infection is extremely difficult to eradicate even though the available treatment is effective. This paper attempts to answer the question of why the hepatitis C infection so difficult to control when there is an effective treatment for it. It discusses prevalence and incidence rates and the natural history of hepatitis C. It also looks at the agent, host and mode of transmission as well as implications for nursing.
Outline
Introduction
Agent
Host
Natural history
Implications for Nursing
Conclusion
From the Paper "On a global basis, more than 170 million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus, which is responsible for more than 100,000 cases of liver cancer per year. Hepatitis C infection is associated with similarly high numbers of digestive hemorrhage and ascites problems. Chronic liver diseases are responsible for 1.4 million deaths annually, of which 796,000 are caused by cirrhosis and 616,000 by primary liver cancer. At least 280,000 or 20 percent of those deaths are probably attributable to HCV infection (Poynard & Yuen, 2003). The highest prevalence of hepatitis C infection is found among injection drug users (Sulkowski & Thomas, 2005)."
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C. S. Lewis, 2002. This paper is a critique of C. S. Lewis. 3,500 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 98.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the life and works of C. S. Lewis. The author shows how C. S. Lewis took the everyday questions about religion and faith, tackling them head-on. It is illustrated with various examples how Lewis was a Christian writer who was deeply influenced by the teachings of God and His Scripture, although Lewis's views differ greatly from the fundamentalist view of scripture.
From the Paper "CS Lewis was born, in 1898, in Belfast, Ireland. He was educated at various schools throughout England (Hooper, 1996). In 1914, he began studying Latin, Greek, French, German and Italian and later moved to Oxford. His education was disrupted by the first World War but within two years, he resumed his studies.
In 1924, Lewis became a teacher of Literature and Language at Magdalen College in Oxford, where he remained until 1954. During this time, he wrote the majority of his work. Lewis later moved to Cambridge where he spent the rest of his life teaching Medieval and Renaissance Literature."
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Hepatitis C, 2004. This paper discusses the pathology of Hepatitis C, often thought of as a silent disease. 1,855 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 59.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that Hepatitis C, only discovered and delineated from the other diseases associated with AIDS in the late 1980s, is a global disease that effects the liver. The author points out that there are at least 11 recognized genotypes of the Hepatitis C virus family, most of which also have subtypes. This demonstrated ability to mutate is cited as the most likely reason for the difficulty of treatment, diagnosis, and vaccination development. The paper relates that, because this virus has only recently been discovered, the treatment options are closely associated with the types of treatments used for Hepatitis B and often involve the long-term therapeutic use of Interferon and/or a combination of similar drugs associated with the mimicking of naturally occurring immune chemicals used by the body to fight viral infections.
From the Paper "It is not completely clear at this stage, whether the genotype determines either severity of infection or complete disease manifestation as chronic. "Current scientific belief is that factors such as duration of a person's HCV infection, their HCV viral load, age, grade of liver inflammation or stage of fibrosis may play an important role in determining response to interferon treatment." One thing that is well known about the genotyping of Hepatitis C virus is that the prevalence of occurrence is specific to regions in the world, suggesting that the virus has evolved over thousands of years."
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Hepatitis C Treatments, 2002. This paper looks at the link between Hepatitis C Treatments and depression. 2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 80.95 »
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Abstract This paper studies the connection between Hepatitis C treatments and depression, focusing on the implications for the social worker. It links the drug interferon to anxiety and depression in patients and it assesses the risk for depression among the general population of Hepatitis C patients on interferon therapy. The paper contains a literature review and is written in the form of a research question, containing the subtitles of a hypothesis, methodology and findings. The limitations and implications of the research are also dealt with.
From the Paper "The most commonly used treatment for patients suffering from Hepatitis C, a deadly liver disease, is the drug interferon combined with ribavirin. This treatment offers the most promise for a long-term positive prognosis. However, it has a known high rate for negative psychological side effects such as depression and other anxiety disorders. Clinical psychology can offer some solutions to this problem, both in assessing those patients who have increased risk factors for depression such as substance abuse or a history of depression, and in offering treatments to help ease the occurrence and severity of depression. This study will assess the risk for depression among the general population of Hepatitis C patients on interferon therapy."
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Madame C.J. Walker, 2005. This paper looks at the life and business of Madam C. J. Walker. 1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses that when Madam C.J. Walker "made straight hair 'good hair," in doing so, she made a fortune for herself. The writer describes how her business also managed to create a decent standard of living for a work force of "agents" that numbered 20,000 in the U.S. and the Caribbean". This paper discusses the life and business of Madam C.J. Walker, in the context of her times and the hair care and beauty business.
From the Paper "At the turn of the century many women had need for income-producing employment despite limitations placed on them because of their gender. Many of them took advantage of a growing commercial and service economy and changes in cultural perceptions about what was acceptable for a lady to do to enhance her appearance. Madam C. J. Walker made straight hair good hair and in doing so made a fortune for herself and a decent standard of living for a work force of agents that ... "
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Allen C. Guelzo, 2006. A synopsis of Allen C. Guelzo's 'Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America'. 966 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95 »
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Abstract This paper analyzes 'Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America' by Allen C. Guelzo. According to the paper, Guelzo believes that President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation was "surely the unhappiest of all of Lincoln's great presidential papers," due to the fact that the proclamation is now "best known for what it did not do," meaning that it failed to truly free the slaves from bondage in the South.
Outline:
Introduction
Chapter One: Four Ways to Freedom
Chapter Two: The President Will Rise
Chapter Three: An Instrument in God's Hands
Chapter Four: The Mighty Act
Chapter Five: Takes Him by the Hand
From the Paper "With the election of President Lincoln in 1860, many Southerners were convinced that Lincoln was going to do everything in his power to limit slavery in other parts of the country, especially beyond the Mississippi River. As a result, South Carolina, "the most defiant and fiery of the slave states," convened a special state convention "to secede from the federal Union" and declared "the dissolution of the union between South Carolina and other states. . . " (15). Also, most slaveholders in the South realized that Lincoln's Presidency meant "emancipation" which meant "insurrection and race war on the model of the Nat Turner slave revolt in 1951" (16). Thus, due to these events, including the shelling of Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861 which effectively started the Civil War, Lincoln's decision to issue the proclamation was justified, for he knew that slavery was at the heart of the war and sadly realized that only by bloodshed would slavery in America be forever eradicated."
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Industry Scan: Oil and Gas in Australia, 2005. An environmental scanning report which examines the Australian oil and gas extraction industry. 2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 80.95 »
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Abstract The oil and gas extraction industry in Australia is comprised of firms that are primarily engaged in producing crude oil, natural gas or condensate and in treating these products on site to produce liquefied or purified forms of oil and gas. The paper presents an industry and environmental scan of oil and gas extraction in Australia. It includes graphs and tables.
Paper Outline:
Products of the Industry
Market Structure
Market Size and Sales
International Environment
Regulatory Environment
Demographics
Industry Problems
Industry Trends and Forecasts
Porter's 5 Forces Model Analysis
Bibliography
From the Paper "According to Richard A. Kerr, many economists foresee another half-century of cheap oil; however, a growing contingent of geologists warns that oil will begin to run out much sooner--perhaps in only 10 years or so. The optimists are characterized as mainly those who place their faith in new technology for finding and extracting oil and expect that production will meet rise in demand until about 50 years from now, a period deemed sufficient to identify and develop effective energy alternatives; however, the pessimists suggest that even taking into account the best efforts of the explorationists and the discovery of new fields in frontier areas such as the Caspian Sea sometime between 2010 and 2020, the production oil from wells around the world will peak at 80 million barrels per day, then begin a steady, inevitable decline (Kerr, 1998)."
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