| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "BROMATE WATER OZONATION": |
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Bromate In Water Ozonation, 1997.
Examines the formation and control of carcinogen in the water disinfection process.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 14 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"FORMATION AND CONTROL OF BROMATE IN THE WATER OZONATION PROCESS
Introduction
The bromate ion, BrO3-, can be formed from a reaction of bromide, Br-, and ozone, O3, now an expected reaction during ozonation as a process of water disinfection. Recently, cities have substituted ozone for chlorine as a disinfectant. Bromide is a natural constituent of sea water, which becomes commingled with numerous freshwater estuarine rivers serving as sources of municipal water supply on the ocean coasts of the United States and in other parts of the world. Bromate has been named an expected carcinogen to humans, and it must be minimized -- EPA wishes to zero -- during water treatment and distribution.
Bromate and Other Bromine-Ion Dangers
Ozone has shown promise as a substitute for chlorine as a ..."
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The Good Ozone and the Bad Ozone, 2008.
An analysis of the problem of tropospheric ozone and the depletion of the good ozone and the reasons for these problems.
1,644 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the ozone and the problems associated with it. It looks at the problem of tropospheric ozone and what causes this problem. It then looks at the problem of ozone depletion and why that is occurring. The paper particularly discusses greenhouse emissions and global warming. Finally, the paper analyzes the issue of the ozone hole and shows how worldwide mobilization of governments and the consequent resolve to deal with and face the issue have made a big difference in finding a solution to the problem at hand.
Table of Contents:
The Good Ozone
The Bad Ozone
From the Paper
"The problem of ozone depletion is an example of an environmental problem that has required a global consensus and a global solution. Nevertheless, the effects of the CFCs will not be so easily overturned, despite the long-term solution. It can serve as a good example of how to effectively deal with environmental problems, and in particular the issue of global warming. The problem of ground the ozone in the troposphere is more an urban problem, which however can be dealt with only through long-term solutions and changes in lifestyle."
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Ballast Water, 2003.
This paper discusses the environmental hazard of ballast water, the water brought by various watercraft from all over the world and then discharged into the U.S. waters.
1,360 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that ballast water brings along plants, animals, bacteria, and pathogens that have the potential to become aquatic nuisance species (ANS). The author points out that the Clean Water Act (CWA) of the U.S. protects the waters from chemical dumping, but does not regulate ballast waters. The paper relates that only 20 percent of the people residing in the U.S. are aware of the serious threats that ballast water poses to the marine ecosystem.
Table of Contents
Inherency
Economic and Environmental Damage Occur
The Clean Water Act Does Not Fully Cover
U.S. Citizens Aren?t Aware of the Many Threats
Harms
Ballast Water and its Dangers
Bio Invasion through Ballast Water
Zebra Mussels Have Caused Damaged of over $5 Billion in the Great Lakes
Vast Majority of U.S. Marine Life Are in Danger
Various Creatures Can Survive in Ballast Tanks
Solvency
From the Paper
"One predatory fish species could seriously harm the local ecosystem. The introduction of the Zebra mussels into the Great Lakes in USA has infested over 40% of internal waterways. It has already cost the United States of America $ 5 billion, a phenomenal amount. Moreover, even after spending this amount there is no solution in sight as to how they can be eradicated or even contained."
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Privatization of Water, 2008.
Compares and contrasts two articles on the privatization of water: Water Is a Human Right" by the Council of Canadians' Blue Planet Project and Joshua Ortega's "Water Wars: Bottling up the World's Supply of H2O".
1,058 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer looks at the articles "Water Is a Human Right" by the Council of Canadians' Blue Planet Project and "Water Wars: Bottling up the World's Supply of H2O" by Joshua Ortega. The writer notes that the two articles share a common theme: that the privatization of drinking water resources is harmful and dangerous. The writer discusses that authors differ, however in how they appeal to readers, the techniques employed to create common ground with their audience, the political/economic philosophy employed and solutions suggested.
From the Paper
"Ortega also uses an analogy between the oil crisis and an impending water crisis. He attempts to frighten readers that future wars over water will be far worse than today's over oil. He refers to the scandal-ridden former energy corporation Enron several times. Neither author acknowledges opposing points of view. It could be suggested that governments can regulate privatized water companies or that competition among such companies could lead to more and cheaper water - the idea behind free market capitalism.
"The authors differ in the techniques used to promote reader action. Ortega suggests a set of primarily feel good options for American consumers - all within the context of America's democratic process. The C.C. speaks to what organizations can achieve than what individuals can do."
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Ozone Depletion, 2002.
A discussion of the the importance of ozone, its formation, ill effects and a brief history of the ?ozone hole?.
2,390 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the causes and effects of the depletion of the ozone layer which allows excess ultraviolet light from the sun to leak through and reach the earth's surface. The impact of excess UV light can be increasingly dangerous, harming crops, wildlife and farm animals and increasing the incidence of skin cancer in humans. The paper looks at the life cycle of an ozone molecule, ozone holes and the TOMS (total ozone mapping spectrometer) Earth Probe which can measure the dimensions of an ozone hole. It evaluates the connection between ozone and cancer and provides a timeline for the history of the ozone hole.
From the Paper
"Without the sterner controls on CFC production, ozone-damaging chlorine and bromine levels would have continued to rise steeply until 2100 and beyond. That was the conclusion of the World Meteorological Organization' s 1994 Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, the most comprehensive and authoritative statement to date on the ozone question, prepared with input from NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the United Nations Environment Program. It is the product of 295 scientists from both developed and developing countries. Therefore, it represents an overwhelming consensus of the world's scientists about the severity of the threat to the ozone layer."
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The Value of Water, 2008.
An explanation of the importance of water in our lives.
1,311 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an in-depth explanation of the importance and value of water, providing statistics relating to parts of the world where it is scarce. It also explains the importance of recylcing and not wasting water as well as the need to keep drinking water pure.
Outline:
Water Is a Most Precious Resource
Important Facts about Water
The Increasing Value of Blue Gold or Water
The Effects of Water Scarcity
The United States and Water Scarcity
The Importance of Recycling Water and Preventing Pollution
From the Paper
"Water is invaluable to the global world and to the lives of millions of people who struggle to obtain water. Water is important to economic activities including irrigated agriculture, transportation, hydroelectric energy, and other types of industries (Ghadar, 7). Many people do not realize that over 97% of earth's water can not be used for agriculture, drinking, or other uses (Ghadar, 7). Basically, many people never stop to think about the importance of water because they live in developed countries that have access to plenty of water. What these people fail to realize is that water will become scarce in these countries if water continues to be consumer faster than it is replenished."
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South African Water Wars, 2004.
An examination of the struggle of 'water wars' and privatization of water in South Africa.
2,485 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
Historically, the availability of water in South Africa has always been a problem, and this problem is mainly attributed to its geographical and climatic conditions. This paper explains that, out of the 40 million people of South Africa, 40% are deprived of the appropriate supplies of drinking water. Both urban and rural settlements are dependent on the scarce distribution of water resources by the state. It discusses how the state, on the other hand, has granted the distribution of the water supplies to a foreign company and has led to an increasing, ultimate deprivation of the water supplies for the poor, who had to choose between bread and water. It explains how this selection led to the outburst of cholera back in the year 2000, killing 300 people and infecting more than a quarter of million people.
From the Paper
"In the year 2000, Suez Lyonnaise Des Eaux, a French company, took over the majority of the water supplies in South Africa, and with this French company many other multinationals have also flown in to reap the profits like Vivendi, Saur and Biwater. It is a norm with privatization that state subsidies are reduced and the prices of the utilities goes up. The majority to suffer from the privatization reform is the general public and the poor. This is because the private companies operate under the motive of profit generation rather than the welfare of the public. This profit motive has resulted, in this case, in a four hundred percent increase in the prices of water in South Africa. Where the people who could not afford to ?buy? the water were dumped in to intense levels of poverty and the ones who could afford had to tolerate a more expensive standard of living. Poor, for whom it was even hard to live under a tin roof, were the majority of the sufferers. There were many incidents of aggression against the privatization policy and many incidents of breaking the water pipe lines for search of water. However, such aggression was conveniently dealt with force (Gleick et al., 2002)."
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The Right to Adequate Water in Mexico, 2004.
This paper discusses the problem of water consumption in Mexico and the human right to water.
2,905 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper explains, while the world consensus seems to be that the access to clean water is a basic human right, Mexico is facing one of the worst water situations in the industrialized world. The author points out that, because corporations are largely responsible for the problems now evident regarding water, they should also contribute to the provision of drinking water for the general population. The paper contends that government needs to refuse the attempt at privatization of water supplies; anytime this occurs, there is the risk of rising prices and monopolies occurring.
From the Paper
"Before one can begin to address the problem of water in Mexico one must have an understanding of the importance of human rights and what that means. Human rights are a basic core of existence for humans. It is the element that separates the humans from the animals. Human rights are things that are given to each human being so that they may exist and survive in basic need. Human rights are core needs and the meeting of them is something that each human being as the right to expect. Human rights include things like not being tortured, being able to eat, being treated without cruelty and the right to food and water at all times."
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The Ozone Layer, 2004.
This paper discusses the ozone layer and the implications of predictive future developments.
2,020 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ozone layer's function is to shield the earth and its inhabitants from the deadly effects of ultraviolet heat, which causes the earth to be inhabitable in terms of the surface of the earth temperatures, and to hold the good light within the atmosphere. The author points out that, since the Montreal Protocol, which eliminated or restricted substances damaging the ozone layer, the ozone layer hole appears to be shrinking. The paper relates that global warming, which the paper states is entirely independent of the influence of human beings and the careless and irresponsible behavior of mankind in relation to industrial practices of the past, means that the future of the ozone layer is questionable.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Good Up High - Bad Nearby
The Composition of the Ozone Layer
Other Facts about Ozone and Everyday Considerations
The Ozone Riddle
Future Outlooks in Relation to Ozone
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Not all damages to the Ozone layer are of the manmade type. It is known that volcanoes emit sulfuric acid droplets during the course of an eruption. Although it is expected that the ozone will recover, if all nations abide by the CFC banning agreement and other mandates of the Montreal Protocol of 1988, it is understood among scientists that reality has it that the Ozone will not fully recover for at 50 and up to a possible 100 years."
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The Ozone Layer, 2002.
A discussion of the different causes and their detrimental effects on the ozone layer.
1,884 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines data on the effects of aircraft emissions on stratospheric ozone since the 1960s discovery that the emission of nitrous oxides and water vapor in the engine exhaust from supersonic transport planes may be destructive to the ozone layer. The ozone layer is the layer which keeps much of the sun's biologically harmful ultra-violet radiation from reaching the Earth's surface stratospheric ozone. It also analyzes how the continual destruction and production of ozone and the complex reactions between aerosols and exhaust emissions makes it difficult to assess the extent of the problem with currently available data.
From the Paper
"In 1971, Crutzen's theory was used to block the plan for the development of a fleet of high-speed supersonic aircraft (SSTs). It was believed that the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust from these planes would pose a serious threat to the ozone layer. As a result, the U. S. SST plan was abandoned. It is paradoxical that, while the environmental consequences of increasing the number of high-speed aircraft are viewed as being a serious threat to the ozone layer, air travel continues to increase annually (7). The demand for faster aircraft for travel to more distant destinations is spurring atmospheric chemists to research the effects of emissions from SSTs, and to develop ways to make engines whose exhaust is less damaging to the ozone layer."
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Portland?s Open Drinking Water Reservoir, 2002.
This paper is written as a report about the conditions of the water in Portland?s open drinking water reservoir.
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper investigates many factors relating to open drinking water reservoirs such as water purification, toxic chemicals and testing systems. The paper shows the risks faced by Portland's reservoir which include the dumping of prescription drugs, waste from tankers and busses and the threat of radon in the drinking water. The paper suggests ways in which the Portland municipality could improve the situation through testing and legislation. It also includes maps of the area to illustrate points.
From the Paper
"While the water is safe perhaps it is not sterilized, which means that it does contain chemicals and other killer organisms. The best way to handle this situation is by protecting and regularly monitoring water from the main source so as to eliminate the possibility of potential contamination later on. To purify the water, treatment practices are used to get rid of the pathogenic organisms that are liable to enter into the water in the reservoir. Most of the water treatment techniques and technologies were actually developed several years ago to cure chloera and typhoid. These techniques are still applicable because they can still protect the public today like they have been for nearly a century. However, the new contaminants require new techniques to treat them, such as pathogens."
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The Privatization of Water Resources in Bolivia, 2005.
Discusses the privatization of state-owned water companies in Bolivia as the government's solution to the extreme lack of access to water.
4,256 words (approx. 17.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
Bolivia as a nation, and more specifically, the Cochabamba Valley as a region, have had significant problems recently with the lack of access to safe water resources, exacerbated by the pervasiveness of abject poverty of both the country and the region. This paper shows that the privatization of water services has been implemented as a solution to this lack of access, but so far, these reforms have been anything but successful, especially according to the majority of Bolivians. The paper shows that the results of privatization have included extreme increases in water prices, little improvement in expansion of access and extensive political protest, some of which became violent. However, the paper explains that the alternative of re-nationalization, or returning ownership and control of water resources to the state, has both potential benefits and drawbacks of its own.
From the Paper
"The policy of the privatization of Bolivia's water resources was implemented for many economic reasons, and was intended to improve upon the water industries already in place and under the ownership and control of the government. This issue has been characteristically unique from other types of privatization policies for one reason: the necessity of water for human beings to exist. Because of this universal human need for clean, drinkable water, many Bolivians claim that access to it is a right, rather than a privilege. Yet in the midst of a complete lack of alternative sources to safe water, some people will turn to possibly unsafe sources such as rainwater, lakes, and rivers. In the past, this has caused outbreaks of serious diseases such as cholera. In Bolivia, where the problem of poverty is extremely dire and millions of people cannot afford or obtain clean, safe water, the privatization of state-owned water companies has been the government's policy solution to the extreme lack of access to water."
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Water Pollution in China, 2006.
A look at the problem of water pollution in Shenzhen, China.
2,336 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the problem of water pollution and its effects on the economy and personal lives of China's citizens. In particular, the paper focuses on the water pollution problem in the city of Shenzhen in the Guangdong province. The paper explains how the process of urbanization has contributed to the water pollution problem, looks at how water pollution can undermine an entire city by affecting the economy, environment, and people of the area and discusses what will happen if the problem is not addressed as well as what measures can be undertaken to reduce the amount of water pollution in the region.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The City of Zhenzhen
The Problem
Polluted Water Sources
Causes of Water Pollution
Outlooks
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In China, urbanization has been occurring at a rapid pace; in the year 1986 China's state council officially designated 29 new cities. This addition of new cities, many located in rural areas away from the largest metropolitan areas of China has resulted in major urbanization of the country in the last thirty years. The province of Guandong is undergoing major growth and change; the city of Shenzhen is one example of this rapid growth."
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Claude Monet's "Water Lily" Paintings.
This paper discusses Claude Monet's "Water Lily" paintings, which have had a major influence on contemporary artists.
4,170 words (approx. 16.7 pages), 29 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Claude Monet's "Water Lily" paintings represent plein-air painting, meaning they were painted outside the confines of the studio, which relates directly to the Impressionistic mode of thinking about art. The author points out that Claude Monet emphasized the visual experience of the sensuously immediate, producing a new kind of art from an unacknowledged, yet most commonplace, kind of visual experience called "the glance". The paper relates that these later Monet paintings are akin to the Abstract Expressionism of Jackson Pollack and Abstractionists like Kandinsky because, in essence, the later water lily paintings are abstract in their concentration on flow, color texture, and movement.
Table of Contents
Monet and Impressionism
Giverney and the Water Lilies
"Water Lilies"
Importance
Figure 1: "Water Lilies" ("The Clouds")
Figure2: "Water Lilies" (1906)
Figure 3: "Waterlilies, Green Reflection, Left Part" (1916-1923)
Figure 4: "Water Lilies" (1907)
Figure 5: Bridge at Giverney. "Le Bassin aux Nympheas"
From the Paper
"In art historical terms Monet was the heir to a departure in style and content in 19th Century painting and was one of the instigators of the new school of French landscape painting. Monet's earlier work signals a break from the past conflict in art between line and color as the dominant aspects of painting. He also began his painting career in an atmosphere which no longer felt bound to paint from a religious and mythological basis - which had previously been seen as essential elements of artistic creation. This meant that the artist felt free to explore new and more expressive methods of artistic creation and "they no longer troubled themselves about composing pictures based on geometric principles. They continued to compose, of course, but they chose their patterns with an eye to pictorial rhythm, and were thereby led to seek out new rhythms."
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Water Quality, 2005.
This paper examines the state of water contamination in two bodies of water associated with the San Francisco Bay.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 11 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the state of water contamination the San Pablo Bay and the Sacramento River, which are two bodies of water associated with the San Francisco Bay. The author points out that both of these bodies of water are analyzed for the state of lead, MtBE and copper contamination. The paper relates that potential or existing management options are discussed.
From the Paper
"The Sacramento River and the San Pablo Bay are currently home to numerous contaminants, including Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MtBE). These contaminants, which originate from various sources, affect the health of wildlife, as well as the health of people who enjoy the wildlife resources in the area. The San Pablo Bay, one of five interconnected bay sections making up the San Francisco Bay, receives downstream waters from the Sacramento River, connecting the study and health of both waterways. The levels of contaminants must be monitored to maintain water quality and the health of the environment in the Sacramento River Basin and the San Francisco Bay region. Management options are underway and guidelines for contaminants exist but they must constantly be reevaluated to best combat the threats such contaminants pose to the area."
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