| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "BRITISH FOREIGN POLICY": |
|
|
British Foreign Policy, 2002.
An in-depth study of British foreign policy throughout modern history.
3,100 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 90.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines at length the history of Great Britain's international foreign policy, and its current state of affairs. It discusses England's global interest as the great prior colonial ruler, as opposed to being more Euro-centered. The paper describes that England's foreign policy strategy goal is to prevent a single global power from world dominance. The paper also discusses the emotive and bad-tempered way Britain debates its policy.
Table of Contents:
Overview
Post World War II
The End of the Cold War Era
Tony Blair and Current British Foreign Policy
The European Community
Conclusion
Endnotes
From the Paper
"Throughout modern history, Great Britain has never defined its? primary geopolitical role as a European power, preferring instead, to focus on its? global interests. In advancing this worldview, British foreign policy strategy has traditionally sought to prevent a single power - or group of powers - from dominating the continent by maintaining equilibrium of forces on the continent.
This emphasis upon maintaining a ?balance of power? in Europe has led Great Britain to frequently shift allegiances in favor of the weaker power bloc and to a policy where British interests were consistently pursued from the sideline of Europe. This policy continued during the Cold War as concern focused on the threat posed by the Soviet Union. The one significant difference from the British perspective was the use of an external power - United States - to guarantee the power."
| |
|
British Foreign Policy (1918-1945), 2006.
An analysis of the rise and fall of the power of Britain through its foreign policy between the years 1918 to 1945.
24,483 words (approx. 97.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses Britain's foreign policy from the end of World War I until the end of World War II - specifically 1918 to 1945. It particularly focuses on the rise and fall of their power in the political world. The paper looks at Britain's relationship with various other powers in the world through this period of history and discusses how its policies affected their position within the international community.
Table of Contents:
The Locarno Era (1918-1931).
Advantages and Drawbacks of a Victory
Peace as a National Mood
Peace as an Electoral Necessity
The Foreign Policy of British Governments Between 1918 and 1931
The Emergence of Perils (1931-1937).
The Perils
Toying with Rearmament
The Obstacles to an Alternative Policy
Facing New Perils
Chamberlain in Office: Appeasement at its Peak? (May 1937-March 1939)
Appeasement: Some Problems of Terminology and Interpretations
The Motives of the appeasers
The Events in Europe from February 1938 to March 1939
The March to War
The Invasion of Czechoslovakia
The Mood of the Government and the Nation Changes
The Quest for Allies in Eastern Europe and the Balkans
From the Paper
"Their main preoccupation was what was going to happen in Czechoslovakia, which could be attacked from the north and the West as well as from the South. There was a mounting crisis in Czechoslovakia between the Germans and the Czechs because of the plight of a numerous group of people known as the Sudeten Germans. They were Germans living in Czechoslovakia, in the Sudeten land which was the hilly region which forms the border between Germany and Czechoslovakia. This part was till 1919 part of Austria and the Sudeten had been Austrian citizens in 1919. Czechoslovakia was politically dominated by the Czechs, 75 million, but it was ethnically speaking extremely heterogeneous, (in spite of the principle of self-government). Besides the Czechs, there were also several ethnic minorities, in particular 2.5 million Slovaks, half a million Hungarians, half a million Ruthinians, today Northern Ukrainians, 80,000 Poles, and above all 3.2 million Germans."
| |
|
Pre and Post 9/11 Foreign Policy, 2006.
This in-depth paper analyzes whether or not there has been a marked difference in America's foreign policy since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
3,310 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The writer of this paper examines the long history of America's foreign policy, which initially began in dealings with the British when America was a colony. It was then the contention that Americans should not have to bear the burden of England's on-going wars with France through the heavy taxation being levied by the British. This paper lists the various wars up until WWI, which America reluctantly entered, preferring to isolate itself from the constant turmoil in the world. However, as Germany and Italy pursued their policies of expansion, the U.S. supplied arms and munitions to the countries that would eventually become its allies. This paper also details the reasons for America's involvement in the Korean war. The writer of this well-researched paper delves into the massive programs of American foreign aid which have become an integral part of U.S. foreign policy. The writer of this paper attempts to uncover the real reasons behind the current administration's active involvement in the Middle East, primarily in Iraq. This paper also examines the popular sentiment that contends America goes to war in order to relieve internal pressures within its own administration.
From the Paper
"From this point, America managed to stay out of conflict until WWI which it entered reluctantly. After WWI, America, again, tried to isolate itself from the constant turmoil in the world. However, as Germany and Italy pursued their policies of expansion, the US was supplying arms and munitions to the countries who would eventually become its allies. It could be supposed that the policy of supplying arms was seen by Germany and Italy as a measure of engagement. At any rate, once Pearl Harbor was bombed, there no was no longer a question as to whether or not the US would go to war. It isn't clearly obvious in the reading what the theories are for our involvement in Korea other than concern with the spread of Communism. This fear or propaganda or motivation, whatever one wishes to label the mindset, would control American foreign policy for the next 50 years. Communism took over from Nazi Germany as the "Great Satan" and the new threat to democracy."
| |
|
British Policy, 2002.
A look at the changing British policy style.
3,432 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper supports the hypothesis, through the examination of extent sources and examples, that British policy has undergone a paradigm shift from one of rigid tradition to a more malleable policy style. Through a literature review, it attempts to define British policy as being steeped in tradition and rigid in nature. It also discusses how negotiation has not always been its greatest asset and many conflicts have gone unresolved as a result of this. However, it shows how British policy remains based on events of the past and it holds to its iconic public image of order and equality.
Outline
Introduction
Defining Traditional British Policy Style
When Traditional Mechanisms Break Down
The Effects of the EU on Individual Policies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A prime example of a change in policy is the recent policies regarding the Coal and Steel industries. The 1951 Treaty of Paris establishes the market structure of this industry. This treaty formed a basis for maintaining market stability among the treaty countries (Dudley and Richardson 1999). The Treaty of Paris provided a frame work for outside intervention into the industry by the concerned parties in order to regulate prices and assure stability of supply and demand. Recently there has been a shift from this conservative prospective and a trend towards a more open market environment. As a result there is now a movement to move away from the ideals in the Treaty of Paris. This reflects a trend in the world at large, but in this same respect, Britain must now make a decision of whether to abandon its rigid traditional rules, in which it may distance itself from other countries, or whether to re-examine its own policies and gain the benefits afforded by the global marketplace."
| |
|
British Social Welfare Policy, 2004.
An analysis of the British social welfare policy through a review of a "Journal of Allied Health" article, "Developing Health and Social Care," written by Iain Graham.
741 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the British social welfare policy by presenting an articled by Iain Graham that appeared in the "Journal of Allied Health," "Developing Health and Social Care under the Reforms of Tony Blair and Clement Attlee, Prime Ministers of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". The paper explains that the British social welfare policy was heavily dependent on the structure introduced for welfare by Elizabethan Poor Laws in 16th century. This structure continued to influence British social welfare policy until the early 20th century when it was reformed and restructured to meet the increasing population of urban poor after industrialization. As the population migration from rural to urban areas increased in the 16th century, numerous social and policy problems were encountered by British government of the time. This gave rise to the Poor Laws of 1601 that provided a clear definition of 'poor' and explained who was to benefit from welfare.
From the Paper
"British social welfare policy had undergone some massive changes in recent times. It was completely overhauled in 1970s after which amendments and reforms have regularly been introduced to meet the demands of increasing unemployment, healthcare, child issues and other social problems. In an important article by Iain Graham, the author focused on healthcare reform of Blair government and compared it to those of Clement Attlee's at the end of World War II. The article presents some interesting facts which explain the formation of National Health Service and the key health tasks facing the Blair government. The article also explains how Blair government is altering and reforming health and social services."
| |
|
British Health and Welfare Policy, 2003.
A discussion on how health and welfare policies are influenced by political agendas in Britain.
2,502 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyses how Britain is considered to be a liberal-democracy, whereby individuals select to vote for a candidate whose beliefs and values reflect their own and who is expected to lead the government forward and to develop policy in accordance with the values set out in their manifesto and in the interests of the public. It examines a selection of health and welfare policies that appear to have political motivations such as the 1906 Education Act and the 1948 NHS Act in order to establish the extent to which politics influences policy.
From the Paper
"In post-war Britain health care was diverse. It was supplied on a private basis to those who could afford to pay for it and by voluntary organisations for those who couldn?t. There was private insurance, state insurance (for workers) and free care for those with no insurance. There was a wide variety in the quality of care received. The same could be said for the knowledge of the doctors. Their geographical distribution posed further problems due to the fact that most doctors worked in affluent areas as there was money to be made there however, it was in the poor areas that they were needed most. Hospitals were forced to borrow money from the state, as there was an increased demand for their services following the war. As a result, the hospitals were facing the threat of closure."
| |
|
Models of Policy Implementation, 2003.
A discussion on the main assumptions of models of policy implementation.
1,807 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at how once a decision is made with regard to a policy, a method of putting it into effect is required. It examines how implementation is a complex process whereby the means must make the goals achievable and how the process of implementation can be approached in two ways ? the ?top-down? (also known as ?the rational model? or ?forward mapping?) or ?bottom-up? (also known as ?backward mapping?. It shows how British policy is stuck with with the ?top-down? approach and how in order to make the best of it, each policy needs to come with clearly defined objectives, an implementation plan, sufficient support and resources and a system of communication and monitoring to ensure minimal deviation.
From the Paper
"The way things are interpreted by each individual can affect the implementation process. For example, a hospital manager may tell a G.P. that he needs to reduce waiting times for operations. The G.P. may interpret from that that he should perform some of the more minor operations at his surgery as he is qualified to do so. Alternatively, he could interpret that he simply needs to put people off operations if they are not an absolute emergency. The first interpretation would mean patients who have minor operations will be seen sooner and by reducing the number of people he is sending to hospital he is reducing the waiting times for those who are having operations there."
| |
|
British Involvement in the West Indies and India, 2006.
An examination of the economic, political and social influence on Britain of the West Indies and India.
2,255 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the influence of British involvement in the West Indies and India on the development of a sense of the British 'national' identity and politics over the period 1750-1860. In particular, the paper discusses the influence in the areas of material and economic wealth of Britain, Britain's social and cultural views of themselves and the 'others' they were in domination over and Britain's foreign policy and general political policy towards the West Indies and India.
From the Paper
"Finally, involvement in India, especially by the East India Company, directly influenced the notion of national identity and the politics of the period. As the East India company changed its very nature across the period, from a 'simple' trading company into an organisation which encompassed military, political and administrative roles, so did the role of the British state in India. Because the East India Company became more and more in control of the Indian subcontinent having to, successfully or not, manage administrative functions, the British crown became increasingly involved in altering the nature of the East India Company, thus 'Company' rule in India directly affected the politics of the period. It can be seen that Pitt motioned for Parliamentary reform in 1782, changing the nature of British politics, because of the influence the empire. Pitt stated that, 'some members of our Senate are at the command of a distant tyrant; that our Senators are no longer the representatives of British virtue but of the vices and pollutions of the East.' Pre-reform it had been seen that some seats of Parliament could literally be bought by foreign princes, and that educated representatives were sitting on behalf of rulers in India. The fact that Pitt's motion for Parliamentary reform exists shows the extent of the influence that India had on British high politics."
| |
|
Nuclear Energy Policies, 2006.
This paper discusses the production of electricity using nuclear energy and analyzes the policy approaches of England and France.
4,140 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains the variables that must be considered in the decision to develop nuclear power capability such as (1) the actual location of a nuclear power plant, (2) the question of security and (3) the compatibility of entering into a nuclear program within the context of the country's long-range energy plans, international policies and aspirations and their level of scientific and technical education. The author points out that the critical gap in plans to expand British civil nuclear programs, which is widely recognized both by promoters and opposers of nuclear power, is the problem of managing radioactive wastes. The paper relates that the French policy differs from from the British policy in that it has gone beyond the concept of "nuclear substitution", designed to diversify and stabilize energy-producing capacity, into a policy of "nuclear electrification" under which the growth of electricity consumption has been deliberately encouraged.
From the Paper
"The lack of progress in the British industry reflects a number of fundamental differences between the two nations. One is relatively energy-rich while the other is energy-poor, and the insecurity experienced by the French has been much less marked on the other side of the Channel. On the contrary, the British have enjoyed a flexibility in energy options that is enviable. But beyond commercial questions, and beyond questions of energy supply and demand, lie the differences in institutional power and control and differences in political planning processes that expose the actions of the British industry to far more democratic scrutiny. The anti-nuclear lobby, though less volatile than its French equivalent, is stronger and more consistent. Faced with the luxury of choice, the decision-making process slows to the point of meandering and energy planning wallows in incoherence. This has two, sometimes, conflicting, consequences. Precipitate action on a major scale is checked, but the price of these checks may be slackening technical impetus and loss of commercial advantage."
| |
|
Foreign Direct Investment, 2007.
An analysis of foreign direct investment in the Russian oil sector.
12,638 words (approx. 50.6 pages), 30 sources, MLA, $ 242.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper deals primarily with foreign direct investment (FDI) as it pertains to developing countries. It discusses some of the problems and benefits that may be seen from FDI, with a specific case study examination of the Russian oil sector. The paper then discusses the tie-in between British Petroleum and Tyumen Oil Company (TNK). The paper also discusses sovereign ratings and problems that surround these companies and FDI. The paper concludes with suggestions on how to minimize these problems.
Table of Contents:
chapter 1 - Introduction
Background/Overview Of The Problem
Research Question
Benefits Of The Study
Scope Of The Study
Chapter 2 - Literature Review
Industry/Organizational Background & Perspective
What Is Foreign Direct Investment?
The Two Main Forms Of FDI
Greenfield Investment
Mergers & Acquisitions
Distribution Of FDI In Many Countries
Factors Affecting FDI
The Roles Of Government Policy In FDI
Favorable Policies Toward FDI
Restricting Polices Toward FDI
Various Theories Of FDI
FDI And Multinational Corporations
Case Study - British Petroleum And TNK
Chapter 3 - Research Methodology
Research Design
Data Collection Method
Chapter 4 - Data Analysis And Presentation
Porter's Five Forces Model And The Russian Oil Sector
Chapter 5 -Conclusions And Recommendation
From the Paper
"However, even though the government problems in many areas are no longer what they were, this does not mean that the corrections will be rapid or automatic. There is a 'status quo' in many countries, and changing that is often very difficult, because people have lived with it for so long. Those that are high up in government or business are generally content, most likely, with what they have, and therefore they do not want changes to be made. For those that work in menial jobs, however, the idea of change and improvement is likely very appealing."
"These changes can be helped along by FDI, but these countries must also find ways to help themselves, because counting on FDI is not necessarily a good choice for these countries. Where the Russian oil sector is concerned, it would appear that the country could count on the FDI dollars that they are getting, but the future may change this as other companies begin to realize that they could invest in other countries more cheaply."
| |
|
China Market-Foreign Exchange Rate, 2006.
A look at how China uses its foreign exchange rate to make it difficult for foreign goods and imports to penetrate the Chinese market while simultaneously encouraging foreign investment.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This research examines the supposition that China utilizes its foreign exchange rate to erect an effective barrier to foreign imports of goods and services while it encourages foreign direct investment. The strategy China employs to expand its export market and minimize its import market is simple but effective and not as blatantly antagonistic as an outright tariff on imports or imposition of quotas on imported goods.
| |
|
The Legality of Foreign Judgements, 2004.
An analysis of sections 13 and 14 of the 1900 Indian Civil Procedure Code.
3,697 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 102.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper studies the binding nature of the foreign judgments i.e. judgments given by the courts in foreign countries and the scope and object of section 13 of the Indian Civil Procedure Code. It also describes project describes the conditions under which the judgments given by any foreign court creates the rule of estoppel or res judicata.
Outline
Nature and Scope of Sec. 13, C.P.C.
Jurisdiction to Foreign Courts
Binding Nature of Foreign Judgments: Principles
Foreign Judgment Not By a Competent Court
Foreign Judgment Not on Merits
Foreign Judgment Against International or Indian Law
Foreign Judgments Opposed to Natural Justice
Foreign Judgment Obtained By Fraud
Foreign Judgment Founded on Breach of Indian Law
Presumption as to Foreign Judgments: Section 14
Submission to Jurisdiction of Foreign Court
Conclusiveness of Foreign Judgment
Enforcement of Foreign Judgments
Foreign Awards
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Explaining the nature of fraud, de Grey, C.J. stated that though a judgment would be res judicata and not impeachable from within, it might be impeachable from without. In other words, though it is not permissible to show that the court was "mistaken", it might be shown that it was "misled". There is an essential distinction between mistake and trickery. The clear implication of the distinction is that an action to set aside a judgment cannot be brought on the ground that it has been wrongly decided, namely, that on the merits, the decision was one which should not have been rendered, but it can be set aside if the court was imposed upon or tricked into giving the judgment."
| |
|
Ideological Assumptions of the British Welfare Regime -1945 to Present, 2003.
A discussion of how the British welfare regime has been profoundly shaped by ideological assumptions about family, work and nation in British society.
2,219 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how since the implementation of the modern British welfare state in 1945, the various regimes have been organised around an ideological triangle of family, work and nation. It looks at how this concept draws attention to the way in which welfare policies and practices are the product of a society characterised by normative representations of class, race and gender, which in turn determine the constitution of welfare citizenship. It shows how since 1945, ideological assumptions underpinning the social settlement have altered along with the changing political, economic and social landscape of Britain. It maps these changes, demonstrating the consequences for the development of successive welfare regimes. It also gives a chronological account of the way in which assumptions about class, race and gender influence welfare policy and practice.
From the Paper
"During the immediate post-war years there was a significant labour shortage and so the British government began a deliberate policy of encouraging immigration from Commonwealth countries. The British Nationality Act 1948 enshrined in law the right of Commonwealth citizens and their families to work and settle in Britain. However, many migrants found that despite Commonwealth citizenship, their immediate welfare needs were not being met (Clarke et al, 2001). For example, the eligibility criteria for provision of public housing, with regards to length of residence, served to exclude the newly arrived migrants."
| |
|
The Foreign Policy of France, 2008.
An analysis of French foreign policy over the past ten years and a projection of likely French foreign policy positions in the coming five years.
1,828 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 58.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper is written from the perspective of a senior analyst in the National Interests and Foreign Policies Group. It provides a foreign policy analysis and evaluation which focuses on French foreign policy over the past ten years. It also provides a projection of likely French foreign policy positions in the coming five years. The paper examines the attitudes of other member countries and international organizations towards French foreign policy.
From the Paper
"Because of deteriorating relations between the United States and Muslim governments throughout the Middle East, France and other European powers such as Germany and Russia are recognizing that they must demonstrate leadership in the international community and make every effort to pursue diplomatic solutions. According to my analysis, Democratic control of the U. S. Congress, and recent calls by American leaders for a diplomacy and political solutions are providing France with an opportunity to take the initiative and play a leading international role in brokering peace agreements between Israel and the Palestinians, and some form of ceasefire in Iraq."
| |
|
British Guyana, 1997.
History since 16th century Dutch & British rule. Looks at history of slavery, economics, abolition movement, politics, decolonization, leadership, foreign relations through to independence.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 111.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"A Brief History of British Guyana
Guyana lies on the northeast edge of South America, flanked by Venezuela on the west. It is a largely populated settlement compared to other areas in the West Indies, but Guyana does not have the economic or political impact that nearby Trinidad or Jamaica does.
Current scholarship holds that the territory known as Guyana was first settled sometime before 900 A.D. by tribes of Indians whose present-day decendents include the peoples of the Shiriana, Waica, Warrau, and Guaharibo tribes. These early inhabitants were nomads, hunting and gathering for food. Theory holds that they began developing more complex communities after 900 A.D., evidence of which includes advanced pottery. These tribes eventually transformed into agrarian cultures, with religious sites and.."
|
|
|
