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Brazil?s Foreign Policy, 2004.
An analysis of the economic and diplomatic relationship between Brazil and the United States.
702 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the economic and strategic opportunities presented by Brazil to the United States. The first part of the paper looks at the historical relations between the two countries. The next part then studies the evolving nature of these relationships, as Brazil transitions to a more democratic government that seeks greater participation on the international stage.
From the Paper
"One of the results of this increased push for Latin American cooperation was the Mercosur, a trading bloc that was established in 1991. Among the results of this trade was the "strategic restructuring" of the country relations between Brazil and Argentina, a relationship that has been characterized by antagonism. By the 1990s, Mercosur included Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia and Chile. The treaty called for an open regionalism, paving the way for more connected economies (Lafer 218)."
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Foreign Debt in Brazil, 2002.
Examines the economic and social consequences of foreign debt in Brazil, focusing on the Latin American Debt Crisis of 1995.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
Brazilian economic development has been characterized by a series of boom and bust periods with little to be said in terms of sustainable development. Because of this, governments throughout the latter half of the 20th century have made efforts to guide development via economic diversity through forced industrialization. In relative terms, poverty inequality, foreign debt and inflation remain staggering. As an example, in 1995, Brazil's total outstanding foreign debt was 159 billion dollars. This has had significant repellant effects on foreign investment. During the Latin American Debt crisis in 1995, the pressures that were placed on the Brazilian economy could not be sustained. With an economy that was just starting to really grow, it could not repay the debts that it had accumulated during this crisis period. Like a bubble, the economy burst and Brazil continues to suffer the effects of a high reliance on foreign capital. This paper will look at the record of Brazilian economic development in terms of these and other important indicators.
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Anti-Trust, Mergers and Competition Policy, 2005.
An overview of anti-trust legislation, public policies and the need for national champions.
6,388 words (approx. 25.6 pages), 18 sources, APA, $ 148.95
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Abstract
Is the current body of U.S. anti-trust law good public policy? This paper describes the roots and the current status of antitrust legislation in the U.S. with special mentioning of the Puerto Rican situation. It also covers the economic reasoning of antitrust in the light of per se unfair practices and business justification. Then, it moves on to give an overview of international antitrust regimes, namely EU, Germany, China and Brazil. It then discusses the call for loosening the law to create national champions that can compete on an international level.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
History of Antitrust Law
Public Policy Goals of Antitrust Legislation
Overview of The Economics of Antitrust
The Law: Per Se Deceptive and Unfair Business Practices and "Rule of Reason
Agencies
Consequences
International Perspective
Public Policy Discussion: The Need for National Champions?
From the Paper
"In a concentrated market, with only a few firms, the danger is that they may find it easier to lessen competition by colluding. For example, they may agree on the prices they will charge consumers. The collusion could be in (i) an explicit agreement, or in a more subtle form known as (ii) tacit coordination or coordinated interaction . Accordingly, some cases are easier than others. The courts decided many years ago that certain practices, such as price fixing, are so inherently harmful to consumers that a detailed examination is not necessary to determine whether they are reasonable. The law presumes that they are violations - so-called per se violations - and condemns them almost automatically. Other practices demand closer scrutiny based on principles that the courts and antitrust agencies have developed. These cases are examined under a "rule of reason" analysis."
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Brazilian Marketing Plan, 1985.
This paper describes the general and specific economic conditions in Brazil, the foreign trade and foreign investment outlooks for that country: Economics, foreign trade & investment outlook, market size, competition, product distribution and promotion.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"It is the purpose of this plan to describe the general and specific economic conditions in Brazil, the foreign trade and foreign investment outlooks for that country, the need for a particular class of industrial machinery there, and to provide the basic outline of a plan to market this machinery there as an export market for a U.S. corporation.
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
The nation of Brazil is the largest single country in Latin America. Geographically it covers more than 41 percent of the combined Central and South American continent. In the last official census in 1979, Brazil's population was 114.2 million, and estimates in the early 1980s revised that figure upwards to ...
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International Business Case: Australia and Brazil, 2006.
This paper is a case study that analyzes the potential expansion of Mauray Worldwide Travel Company (MWT) of Australia into the international tourism market of Brazil.
3,810 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the development of advance communication and information processing technology has helped firms link their worldwide operations into sophisticated information networks thus encouraging global expansion of their local business. The author states that Brazil has good economic growth and a stable government, which makes it attractive for Mauray Worldwide Travel Company (MWT) to expand its business into this country. The paper points out that Australia and Brazil have good relations, which enables Australian businesses to more easily become familiar with commercial opportunities and practices in Brazil. The author recommends that MWT enter into the Brazil tourism market through some collaboration, such as lodgings, car rentals, guide services and souvenirs shops, which will lower the risk in terms of high investment. The paper includes several color pictures and graphs.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Australia
Tourism and Australian Economy
Mauray Worldwide Travel Company
Vision
Values
Strategy
Products and Services
Achievements
International Expansion
Brazil
Why Brazil: An Overview
Geographical Features
Events
Tourist Places
Doing Business in Brazil
Market Research
Business Plan
Influencing Country Factors in Brazil
Brazil Economic Climate
Costs and Risks
Political Climate in Brazil
Costs and Risks
Social and Cultural System in Brazil
Costs and Risks
Legal System in Brazil
Costs and Risks
Ethical System in Brazil
Costs and Risks
Country Factor Analysis
Strengths for the company in Brazil
Weaknesses of Business
Market Opportunities for the company in Brazil
Business Threats Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Understanding the Brazilian economy is the first challenge to the investors. Brazil is becoming a market where, in the medium term, companies may have to consider establishing a presence and localizing product to be able to compete effectively. It is important to remember that a company will not succeed in Brazil without developing a sound business plan and a longer-term strategy. Foreign investment is generally welcomed and the regulatory environment is friendly. On the one hand, Brazil offers immediate attractions to new market entrants such as a population of some 172 million people..."
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Inflation And External Debt In Brazil, 2002.
Discusses the problem of Brazil's persisting high inflation over a long period of time, and large foreign debt.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 9 sources, $ 87.95
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Abstract
Discusses problem of Brazil's persisting high inflation over a long period of time, and large foreign debt. Examaines the current situation of Brazil's unbalanced economy. Brazil's attempts to reduce inflation. Identifies origins of Brazil's economic problem. Government plans and failure to stabilize the economy. Brazilian theory of "intertial" inflation.
From the Paper
"TRAPPED IN INEQUALITY?
Persisting Inflation and External Debt in Brazil
Introduction
No other nation has experience so much inflation, persistantly, over a long period as Brazil has. Hyperinflation in other countries has produced astronomical price increases, but hyperinflation is a shortlived process, whereas Brazil's inflation has operated for decades. Brazil also has a long history of high foreign debt, going back to the 1920s, and in the early 1990s Brazil had the world's largest external debt, at a level of about $118 billion."
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Brazil's Socioeconomic Structures, 2002.
Historical account of slavery in Brazil and how it established Brazils' socioeconomic structure.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 23 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Brazil's socioeconomic structure that was founded on slavery. During the colonial period from 1550 to 1880, rapid growth of the Brazilian economy occurred because of the convergence of several factors. The sugar industry was synonymous with the early economy.
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The Legality of Foreign Judgements, 2004.
An analysis of sections 13 and 14 of the 1900 Indian Civil Procedure Code.
3,697 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper studies the binding nature of the foreign judgments i.e. judgments given by the courts in foreign countries and the scope and object of section 13 of the Indian Civil Procedure Code. It also describes project describes the conditions under which the judgments given by any foreign court creates the rule of estoppel or res judicata.
Outline
Nature and Scope of Sec. 13, C.P.C.
Jurisdiction to Foreign Courts
Binding Nature of Foreign Judgments: Principles
Foreign Judgment Not By a Competent Court
Foreign Judgment Not on Merits
Foreign Judgment Against International or Indian Law
Foreign Judgments Opposed to Natural Justice
Foreign Judgment Obtained By Fraud
Foreign Judgment Founded on Breach of Indian Law
Presumption as to Foreign Judgments: Section 14
Submission to Jurisdiction of Foreign Court
Conclusiveness of Foreign Judgment
Enforcement of Foreign Judgments
Foreign Awards
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Explaining the nature of fraud, de Grey, C.J. stated that though a judgment would be res judicata and not impeachable from within, it might be impeachable from without. In other words, though it is not permissible to show that the court was "mistaken", it might be shown that it was "misled". There is an essential distinction between mistake and trickery. The clear implication of the distinction is that an action to set aside a judgment cannot be brought on the ground that it has been wrongly decided, namely, that on the merits, the decision was one which should not have been rendered, but it can be set aside if the court was imposed upon or tricked into giving the judgment."
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China Market-Foreign Exchange Rate, 2006.
A look at how China uses its foreign exchange rate to make it difficult for foreign goods and imports to penetrate the Chinese market while simultaneously encouraging foreign investment.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This research examines the supposition that China utilizes its foreign exchange rate to erect an effective barrier to foreign imports of goods and services while it encourages foreign direct investment. The strategy China employs to expand its export market and minimize its import market is simple but effective and not as blatantly antagonistic as an outright tariff on imports or imposition of quotas on imported goods.
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The Foreign Policy of France, 2008.
An analysis of French foreign policy over the past ten years and a projection of likely French foreign policy positions in the coming five years.
1,828 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper is written from the perspective of a senior analyst in the National Interests and Foreign Policies Group. It provides a foreign policy analysis and evaluation which focuses on French foreign policy over the past ten years. It also provides a projection of likely French foreign policy positions in the coming five years. The paper examines the attitudes of other member countries and international organizations towards French foreign policy.
From the Paper
"Because of deteriorating relations between the United States and Muslim governments throughout the Middle East, France and other European powers such as Germany and Russia are recognizing that they must demonstrate leadership in the international community and make every effort to pursue diplomatic solutions. According to my analysis, Democratic control of the U. S. Congress, and recent calls by American leaders for a diplomacy and political solutions are providing France with an opportunity to take the initiative and play a leading international role in brokering peace agreements between Israel and the Palestinians, and some form of ceasefire in Iraq."
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U.S. Foreign Policy, 2004.
Compares U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East with U.S. foreign policy in Latin America.
956 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses the U.S. foreign policy towards Middle Eastern and Latin American countries before 9/11 and post 9/11. The foreign policy is analyzed, its inherent problems are highlighted, and a comparison of U.S. foreign policy towards the Middle East with U.S. foreign policy towards Latin America is made.
From the Paper
"With all eyes turned toward Iraq and the Middle East, South America rarely makes the headlines in the United States. Except for perhaps tighter controls and security on U.S. borders and waterways since September 11th , it seems Latin foreign policies are not top priorities for Washington. However, recent events in October in Bolivia led to ?a massive mobilization of Indians and peasants?military crackdowns that left as many as 70 people dead?and led to the demise of the conservative Gonzalo S?nchez de Lozada government on Oct."
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Brazil and the United States, 2007.
This paper examines the United States' and Brazil's conflicting ideas regarding free trade.
1,562 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the international policies of these two nations are sometimes at cross-purposes. The paper describes how national governments walk a fine line between cooperation and provocation, as they seek to fulfill these different policy goals. The paper explores Brazilian-American foreign relations that have been dominated by arguments over the effectiveness of a free trade regime. The paper points out that free trade has largely been pushed by the United States; they see the elimination of trade barriers and the opening up of markets as essential to the perpetuation of economic growth. Brazil, however, has made significant attempts to prevent further American economic encroachment that has not offered any real benefits to the Brazilian people.
From the Paper
"NAFTA, and other less comprehensive American free trade policies of the past, have done precious little to help ordinary citizens in the nations involved. As a result of this agreement, the wages of Mexican workers have not risen, and jobs have bled at an alarming rate across America's southern border. American corporations have often profited immensely, but the enrichment of a handful of already wealthy Americans was certainly not the goal developing nations had in mind when they began to talk free trade. Though Brazil's economy has expanded considerably in past decades, and standards of living have risen proportionately - measured by the United Nations Human Development Index, Brazil actually surpassed Bulgaria, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey in 1998."
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Coca Cola in Brazil, 2004.
An analysis of international trade, in general, and the Coca Cola market in Brazil, in particular.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a firm analysis of the Coca-Cola Company operating in Brazil and compares it to a major, indigenous bottler. The paper examines the analysis in the context of marketing, political and economical challenges, and problems being experience by Coca-Cola in Brazil. Further, the paper provides a detailed SWOT analysis on the company, as well as appropriate financial details and ratios. The financial evaluation includes foreign sales to total sales, foreign assets to total assets, foreign employees to total employees, and foreign equity to total equity.
From the Paper
"Significant investors accounted for by the equity method are Coca-cola enterprises Inc. is the world's largest bottler of the Company's beverage products and ownership in this company is approx. 37 percent with Net Sales to Coca-Cola Enterprises in 2003 being the approximate amount of $4.7 billion. In 2003, Coca-Cola FEMSA's net sales of beverage products were approximately $3.2 billion. The Latin American market therefore accounts for nearly 70 percent of all sales for the Coca-Cola Company. "Brazilian operations posted an 8% volume growth. Evidence of Brazil's economic recovery is the fact that approximately 30 percent of our incremental volume growth came from single serve packages." Reported in the third quarter was that: "Year-to-date the Brazilian operations are generating as much operating cash flow as Argentina and Venezuela operations, underscoring its growth potential." It was stated that: "In Brazil very specifically after spending the last sixteen months trying to build a new business model with the relationship with the other Coca-Cola bottlers and the Coca-Cola company, and by the way this is a model that I think has been successful. Coca-Cola has a 36.5% share of the soft drink market." Reported Feb 4 2004 Comtex news Coca-Cola has closed 2003 with an increase of 1.5% market share hitting the record of 33.5% stake in the Brazilian market."
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Foreign Direct Investment.
This paper discusses the major costs and benefits for host countries of foreign direct investment.
1,925 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that foreign direct investment includes equity investment, both wholly foreign-owned and joint venture investment; contractual investment, including contractual joint ventures and oil exploration ventures; and other forms of activities, such as compensation trade, processing and assembling arrangements, and international leasing. The author points out that the purpose of foreign direct investment is to boost the economies of the host nation while providing the foreign nation with a means of investment, which is both lucrative and efficient, allowing countries to share ideas, increasing awareness of foreign markets, and developing valuable business skills. The paper relates problems involved in assessing the impact of inward investment on any individual host nation and states that the main reasons for such problems are strict labor, product, and market rules.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overview of Foreign Direct Investment
Cost and Benefits Associated with Foreign Direct Investment
The Stability of Foreign Direct Investment
Benefit
Costs
Stimulation of National Economy
Benefits
Costs
Development of Infrastructure and Shared Technology
Benefits
Costs
Crowding In and Crowding Out
Benefits
Costs
Assessing the Impact of Inward Investment on Any Individual Host Nation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although the transfer of technology can be beneficial to the economy of the host country, it can also be detrimental if the businesses in the host country or the culture of the host country are not prepared to deal with these new technologies. The Earth Summit report explains that the technology that foreign firms utilize may be inappropriate for the local needs of the host country. These technologies may also require a great deal of investment capital and negatively affect small businesses because they will not be able to adapt to the changing technological climate. In addition, the external changes that may occur may not be an improvement over the already existing approaches."
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Politics and U.S. Foreign Aid Decisions, 2002.
An examination of the foreign policies of the Bush administration and how they determine foreign aid decisions.
1,911 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
As fiscal year 2004 budget proposals are clogging up the legislative hopper, this paper reviews the Bush administration's foreign aid policies and payouts. It looks at how Bush?s conservative political philosophy effects foreign aid and why it is nearly impossible to reach an approximate figure on total U.S. foreign aid disbursements.
From the Paper
"To begin with, how much does the U.S. spend on foreign aid? According to the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB, 2002), the U.S. government poured some $23 billion into international assistance programs of one kind or another last year. Of that, $9.9 billion was ?official development assistance? to foreign nations; $12.7 billion went for ?other government assistance? to foreign nations. But those numbers do not reflect the $9.3 billion that it costs to run the U.S. Department of State (which interacts with foreign governments at many levels), nor do the numbers include the billions in secret military hardware and technologies given to nations ?friendly? to the U.S. by the Bush Administration. After all, when it comes to definitions, foreign ?aid? is foreign aid whether it is rice, milk, medical supplies, equipment for drilling wells for fresh water in Africa munitions for the Columbian government to do battle with drug lords, or millions to oil drilling companies to restart Iraqi energy facilities."
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