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?Bowers vs. Hardwick?, 2004.
This paper argues that the U.S. Supreme Court case, ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? (1986), which denied the fundamental right of homosexuals to engage in acts of consensual sodomy, was flawed.
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? decision meant that engaging in homosexual acts between consenting adults, even in the privacy of their homes, could be considered a criminal offence; the exercise of such law by certain states did not constitute a violation of one?s fundamental rights or liberty under the Due Process Clause. The author points out that the decision in ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? conflicts with several other previous and similar right-of-privacy decisions of the Court, including ?Griswold vs. Connecticut? (1965). The paper relates that ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? was overruled by the courts 16 years later.
From the Paper
"Briefly, the facts of Bowers v Hardwick reveal that Michael Hardwick was a bartender in a gay bar in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1982, a houseguest of Hardwick unknowingly let a police officer enter Hardwick?s home. The officer went to the bedroom where Hardwick was engaged in oral sex with his partner. The men were arrested and charged with violating the Georgia statute that criminalizes sodomy. Charges were later dropped, but Hardwick brought the case forward in the Federal District Court with the purpose of having the sodomy law declared unconstitutional. The court ruled in favor of the defendants for the claimant?s failure to state a claim. The Court of Appeals reversed and remanded the decision on the grounds that the Georgia sodomy statute violated the respondent?s (Hardwick?s) fundamental rights. The Supreme Court held that the Georgia statute was constitutional and reversed."
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Bowers vs. Hardwick, 1992.
An examination of the legal background and majority opinion in the 1986 Supreme Court case ruling on right of privacy.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the majority opinion in Bowers v. Hardwick. The plan of the research will be to set forth an opposing answer to the opinion by addressing the main points relevant to the issue of the right to privacy raised by the case, making reference not only to the Constitution and to other decisions by the Supreme Court, but to the various opinions written by all justices taking part in the decision.
In a 5 to 4 vote, the Supreme Court in 1986 decided that mutually consensual homosexual conduct, specifically the act of sodomy, committed in the privacy of a home, could Constitutionally be prohibited by the state of Georgia. The majority position was taken in opposition to a petition on the part of a man charged with sodomy to the effect that "the Federal Constitution confers a fundamental right upon homosexuals to..."
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Gender and Exclusion in the U.S. Constitution, 2002.
This essay examines the privileging of heterosexual norms and traditions in the renowned case of "Bowers v. Hardwick".
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Supreme Court?s decision negating ?a fundamental right to engage in homosexual sodomy? is rooted not in legal tradition but in an implicit need to preserve Judeo-Christian and heterosexual values. By looking at the reasons behind the Bowers v. Hardwick decision, this paper studies how the law is often used as a double-edged sword, to enhance the privileged position of certain groups of society at the expense of the needs of others.
From the Paper
"Bowers v. Hardwick centers around respondent Hardwick, who was arrested for violating the Georgia statute prohibiting acts of sodomy between homosexuals. Hardwick then brought suit in Federal District court, asserting that by criminalizing consensual sodomy in the privacy of the bedroom, the Georgia statute violated the constitutional right to privacy (Bowers v. Hardwick). Hardwick charged that homosexual activity is ?a private and intimate association? and should therefore not be subject to state regulation, as guaranteed by both the Ninth and Fourteenth Amendments. The Federal Court upheld Hardwick?s argument, but the case was remanded to the Court of Appeals and eventually, to the Supreme Court (Bowers v. Hardwick)."
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Red Bull and V, 2008.
A comparison of the Red Bull and V beverage companies' performance.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the two companies vying for domination of the energy drinks market, Red Bull and V, and compares their performance. The paper describes and contrasts how each company has built their brand equity and then shows how Red Bull has global market dominance and massive brand equity while V needs to improve its global performance. The paper concludes that embedding itself in popular culture will be critical to V's success in improving its brand performance.
Outline:
Introduction
Red Bull
V
Red Bull vs. V
Strategy for V to Improve Brand Performance
From the Paper
"Dietrich Mateschitz originally came up with the idea for his energy beverage in 1984, after traveling to Asia and discovering the popularity of energy drinks in some areas (A new market, 2007). Mateschitz brought several samples back to Austria and after three long years developed his own version involving both medical research and scientific testing (Brunnen, 2007).
"It was "this period (that) saw the birth of the product positioning 'Red Bull vitalizes body and mind' and the unique slogan 'Red Bull gives you wiings!'" (A new market, 2007). First launched in Austria, in 1992, it was then quickly rolled out throughout most of Europe. This was then followed by North and South America, Africa and then Australia. By 2002, more than one billion cans were being sold annually (Brunnen, 2007)"
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The "Hit Man" v. Brandenburg, 2000.
A discussion regarding freedom of speech, focusing on the cases of Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) and Rice v. Paladin (1997).
2,633 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) case has been an active and major precedent that sets the standard for cases that relate to, or fall under the protection of freedom of speech guaranteed by the First Amendment. This paper examines such cases and focuses on one case that did not fall under its protection: Rice v. Paladin Enterprises (1997), also known as "The Hit Man" case. This paper concentrates on what distinguished both these cases from each other in order to make one fall under the protection of freedom of speech of the First Amendment and the other not.
From the Paper
"On October 26th 1984 a 19 year- old boy named John Mc Collum shot himself and died while he was listening to the recorded song of the rock singer Ozzy Osbourne. He was found dead with the headphones still on and had been listening to the lyrics of the song called "Suicide Solution" which followed:
"Ah know people
You really know where it's at
You got it
Why try, why try
Get the gun and try it
Shoot, shoot, shoot" (as cited in Mc Collum v. CBS Inc., 1988)
The family of the boy sued CBS Records and Ozzy Osbourne holding them responsible for the suicide; the Superior Court of Los Angeles County dismissed the case. The Court of Appeal affirmed."
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V Chip Technology, 2004.
An analysis of the V chip, a method of reducing the exposure of children and teens to violence on television.
1,574 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines one of the most controversial steps in curtailing violence on television, the V chip. It discusses whether or not V chip technology provides a good way of reducing the exposure of children and teens to violence on television. The first part of the paper describes how V chip technology works, which is by blocking out graphic violence and language on television. The paper then explores the opposition to V Chip legislation and technology, both from a liberal and a conservative standpoint. In the conclusion, the paper addresses the various concerns that opponents have raised against V chip legislation. It states that, although the V chip is not a cure-all, it provides an effective step in reducing the exposure of children and minors to violence on television.
From the Paper
"In 1996, then President Bill Clinton signed into law a requirement that all new television sets should be equipped with the V chip. This silicone wafer would allow viewers to block programs deemed explicit or offensive simply by punching a key into their remote control pads (Rolfe). This would allow parents to regulate programs based on content, particularly violence, sex and profanity. In its evaluation of almost 10,000 hours of broadcast programming from 1995 to 1997, the National Television Violence Study found that 61 percent of television programs portrayed acts of violence. Most of this violence was glamorized, committed by characters that are otherwise presented as positive role models. While many of the violent acts that would cause serious harm or death in real life, the programs neutralize these lethal effects through the lack of painful effects or through humor (Center for Communication and Social Policy 8)."
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William Shakespeare's "Henry V", 2006.
A look at how the attributes of Henry V are brought out in various parts of Shakespeare's play "Henry V".
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes how King Henry V, the central protagonist in William Shakespeare's play of the same name, evolves as a king over the course of the play, both in his own estimation as well as in the estimation of the other characters on stage.
From the Paper
"Henry solidifies his regality and kinship with war: "Now all the youth of England are on fire, /And silken dalliance in the wardrobe lies:/Now thrive the armourers, and honour's thought/Reigns solely in the breast of every man," says the Chorus, when Henry takes England to war against France for the disputed territories Henry believes are his country's by right, custom, and law. Henry takes the slight upon his persona in the 'gift' of the tennis balls along with his land's claim upon France as a justification to seek glory through armament for all the people of England. Henry's actions indicate that he is not pacific or idle in temperament, but still possesses some of his old, immature and adolescent character--not in his love of games, but in his view of war as a diplomatic game and a scene for proving his reputation to be won or lost, much as at a game of tennis. (II. Prologue. http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/henryv/henryv.2.0.html) But when at war, this changes within and without of Henry's character, showing that he always has a capacity to adapt and evolve as a leader."
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Henry V, 2002.
This paper compares the real Henry V with Shakespeare's idolized version of Henry V, the hero king.
855 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the great liberties that Shakespeare took in presenting his hero character. The paper states that the real Henry was neither handsome nor heroic. The paper compares Shakespeare's words about the love of his Henry and Katherine with the real king's marriage to Catherine, which was not one of romance but of convenience.
From the Paper
"The quarrels that Henry had with his father were not about his youthful zeal, but his excessive desire for power and funding for his misadventures. That he disliked his father for good reason probably cannot be denied as just as surely as the fruit speaks of the tree from which it came, so too does the health of the fruit indicate something of the tree."
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Author V.C Andrews, 2005.
This paper discusses writing styles especially of author V.C Andrews.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are many different styles of writings which are developed from the author's appropriate word choice, varied rhythm, effective placement and choice of modifiers, appropriate transitions, effective and creative use of punctuation, variation of sentence length and a logical hierarchical placement of detail. The author examines the style of V.C Andrews by using a paragraph from her books "Flower's in the Attic", "Heaven" and "My Sweet Audrina". The paper relates that, while Andrews was alive, she only finished six books but her family hired a ghost writer by the name of Andrew Neiderman. However, the author feels that there is a difference between her writing style and that of her ghost.
Table of Contents
Definition of Style
V.C Andrews' "Flower's in the Attic"
V.C Andrews' "Heaven"
V.C Andrews' "My Sweet Audrina"
Ghost Writer Andrew Neiderman
From the Paper
"Yes, I do believe his work is very good. He can still see feel the anguish of what they are going through. But I don't think his writings are as dramatic as Andrews. He doesn't use the every day language and modifiers as she does. I think in a way they do portray the same things. For example, all of the main characters want to be happy, instead it takes a long time for that to happen. And in the process, several of the other character's are destroyed, with no intent on the main character. Something always happens to the one who is terrifying the main character."
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Sternberg v. Carhart, 2007.
Discussion of the Sternberg v. Carhart case, which involved reproductive rights issues.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses several of the court cases that were impacted by Roe v. Wade, with an emphasis on Sternberg v. Carhart. The initial law established by Roe v. Wade is evaluated and subsequent cases and their effect on women's reproductive rights is further examined. These issues include first and second trimester abortions and partial-birth abortions. The paper analyzes the opinions of the Supreme Court justices who heard Sternberg v. Carhart, and the court's ultimate decision.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), established that a woman's right to privacy extended to reproductive health and guaranteed that women had a right to abortion. This right to an abortion was not an unlimited right, but was the result of weighing the rights of the mother against the rights of the unborn child. Therefore, the Roe court determined that a woman had a virtually unlimited right to an abortion in the first and second trimesters, prior to fetal viability, but that a state could place restrictions on a woman's right to an abortion after a fetus was viable, in the third trimester. Id., 163-165. However, the Roe court acknowledged that medical advances might change the scope of the decision, especially in regards to Roe's trimester divisions. Id."
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Duncan v. Louisiana, 2009.
An overview of the "Duncan v. Louisiana" Supreme Court case and its ramifications.
1,683 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the case known as "Duncan v. Louisiana" (1968) where an African-American was convicted of simple battery in Louisiana. The paper discusses the historical overview of this case that involves several court cases, among them "District of Columbia v. Clawans" (1937) and "Singer v. United States" (1965). The paper explains that this case was a "landmark" case because it reflects a pivotal moment on the part of the U.S. Supreme Court to make states comply with the amendments of the U.S. Constitution under the Fourteenth Amendment.
From the Paper
"In the Clawans case, an individual was arrested for selling second-hand property without the proper license. In the District of Columbia this offense was punishable by a fine of not more than $300 - or, alternatively, of imprisonment of not more than 90 days. It was classified as a "petty offense," according to http://supreme.justia.com. According to the U.S. Constitution, at the time it was adopted by the U.S., a trial without a jury for petty crimes was the norm. And at that time, when a person was tried by a judge (and not a jury), he was not entitled to an appeal, if the ruling was guilty. Therein lies the issue in District of Columbia v. Clawans. Ms. Clawans, in this case, was sentenced to pay a fine of $300 for her misdeeds, and when she was being arraigned she demanded a trial by jury."
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Charles V and Murad III, 2007.
A comparison of the reigns of Charles V and Murad III.
3,078 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the reigns of Charles V, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire to that of Murad III, ruler of the Ottoman empire. The author states that the men were vastly different from one another. But despite their differences, there are many similarities in the reigns of Charles V and Murad III, as both men were mediocre leaders who achieved limited success in their roles. While both men certainly faced difficult circumstances during their rules, the paper describes them as also helping to orchestrate their own failings through personal weaknesses and poor decisions. The author concludes that Charles V and Murad III had similar results: both men left their empires weaker then they found them, and both men helped initiate or expand the process by which their empires decayed.
Outline:
Military Miscues
Unwise Policy Decisions
Underappreciated Threats
Worse than They Found It
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Murad III, quite similarly, was challenged by internal and external forces, which largely went unchecked as he withdrew from affairs of state. Internally, he faced dissatisfaction publicly and within his inner circle as his harem exerted significant influence over political decisions. Further, his unwise monetary policy led to a revolt among his soldiers. Externally, the growth of the Ottoman Empire dove into stagnation during his rule, and the once-invincible military showed weakness during its conflicts with Persia and Austria."
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Charles V, 2003.
A discussion on why Charles V failed in his pursuit of a great Renaissance superpower.
2,465 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the strategy of King Charles V to become a great Renaissance superpower and analyses and evalutes whether these plans to bring his vast Empire that was a Euro sceptics nightmare together were bound to fail. It looks at the factors that influenced Charles V planning and policy making, the extension of the power of the Hapsburg dynasty throughout Europe, the unity of his domains, the defense of Catholic Europe against enemies from within, the problem of Lutheranism from within Germany and the almost continuous conflict with France and the threat of Turkish invasion.
From the Paper
"Charles strategy was that he always tried to be in the part of his Empire were he was most needed and were loyalty and unity appeared to be seeping. For example to promote unity in Spain Charles made a real effort to pose as the good Spaniard by staying in Spain for seven years from 1522-29, learning to speak Spanish and by marrying a Portuguese wife Isabella. This was also a necessary strategy as Charles must have appeared wholly foreign to his subjects, and being foreign would not inspire loyalty and unity. During his stay in Spain Charles established a monarchical relationship with the Spanish towns by
listening to the petitions of his Spanish subjects, and Charles removed corrupt administrators and officials to restore business and economic confidence."
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Brown v. Board of Education, 2007.
A comprehensive look at the consequences of the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) lawsuit.
2,234 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses in detail the Brown v. Board of Education lawsuit that ended segregation in American schools. The paper shows how this case may have been the most important political, social and legal event in America's twentieth century history. The paper paints a picture of how the Brown v. Board of Education case resulted in a more egalitarian America.
From the Paper
"America is a place filled with many different people, belonging to many different cultures. Although everyone is supposedly created equal, this does not always hold true. This has been a constant problem throughout American history. Segregation makes this fact even more obvious. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas sought to rectify this incongruence. Segregation is defined as an intentional setting apart of students by enrolling them in isolated public schools solely on the basis of race; or the socially-patterned separation of people, with or without explicit sanction (Orfield &Eaton, 1996). Brown v. Board of Education outlawed all forms of government-imposed segregation (Burns, 2002). The success of Brown removed a legal barrier to equitable educational opportunities for all American citizens. Brown v. Board of Education is one the signal legal events of our time (Jost, 2004)."
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Carlos V, 2002.
The role of Carlos V in Spain.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the religious beliefs as well as the remarkable services rendered by Carlos V to the people of the Spain. This research paper addresses the cardinal role played by Carlos V (1516- 1555) because of his efforts to unite and strengthen Spain.
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