| Papers [1-13] of 13 | Search results on "BOWERS HARDWICK": |
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?Bowers vs. Hardwick?, 2004.
This paper argues that the U.S. Supreme Court case, ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? (1986), which denied the fundamental right of homosexuals to engage in acts of consensual sodomy, was flawed.
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? decision meant that engaging in homosexual acts between consenting adults, even in the privacy of their homes, could be considered a criminal offence; the exercise of such law by certain states did not constitute a violation of one?s fundamental rights or liberty under the Due Process Clause. The author points out that the decision in ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? conflicts with several other previous and similar right-of-privacy decisions of the Court, including ?Griswold vs. Connecticut? (1965). The paper relates that ?Bowers vs. Hardwick? was overruled by the courts 16 years later.
From the Paper
"Briefly, the facts of Bowers v Hardwick reveal that Michael Hardwick was a bartender in a gay bar in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1982, a houseguest of Hardwick unknowingly let a police officer enter Hardwick?s home. The officer went to the bedroom where Hardwick was engaged in oral sex with his partner. The men were arrested and charged with violating the Georgia statute that criminalizes sodomy. Charges were later dropped, but Hardwick brought the case forward in the Federal District Court with the purpose of having the sodomy law declared unconstitutional. The court ruled in favor of the defendants for the claimant?s failure to state a claim. The Court of Appeals reversed and remanded the decision on the grounds that the Georgia sodomy statute violated the respondent?s (Hardwick?s) fundamental rights. The Supreme Court held that the Georgia statute was constitutional and reversed."
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Bowers vs. Hardwick, 1992.
An examination of the legal background and majority opinion in the 1986 Supreme Court case ruling on right of privacy.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the majority opinion in Bowers v. Hardwick. The plan of the research will be to set forth an opposing answer to the opinion by addressing the main points relevant to the issue of the right to privacy raised by the case, making reference not only to the Constitution and to other decisions by the Supreme Court, but to the various opinions written by all justices taking part in the decision.
In a 5 to 4 vote, the Supreme Court in 1986 decided that mutually consensual homosexual conduct, specifically the act of sodomy, committed in the privacy of a home, could Constitutionally be prohibited by the state of Georgia. The majority position was taken in opposition to a petition on the part of a man charged with sodomy to the effect that "the Federal Constitution confers a fundamental right upon homosexuals to..."
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Gender and Exclusion in the U.S. Constitution, 2002.
This essay examines the privileging of heterosexual norms and traditions in the renowned case of "Bowers v. Hardwick".
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Supreme Court?s decision negating ?a fundamental right to engage in homosexual sodomy? is rooted not in legal tradition but in an implicit need to preserve Judeo-Christian and heterosexual values. By looking at the reasons behind the Bowers v. Hardwick decision, this paper studies how the law is often used as a double-edged sword, to enhance the privileged position of certain groups of society at the expense of the needs of others.
From the Paper
"Bowers v. Hardwick centers around respondent Hardwick, who was arrested for violating the Georgia statute prohibiting acts of sodomy between homosexuals. Hardwick then brought suit in Federal District court, asserting that by criminalizing consensual sodomy in the privacy of the bedroom, the Georgia statute violated the constitutional right to privacy (Bowers v. Hardwick). Hardwick charged that homosexual activity is ?a private and intimate association? and should therefore not be subject to state regulation, as guaranteed by both the Ninth and Fourteenth Amendments. The Federal Court upheld Hardwick?s argument, but the case was remanded to the Court of Appeals and eventually, to the Supreme Court (Bowers v. Hardwick)."
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The Sonnets of Layton, Bowering, and Webb, 2008.
A comparison of sonnet forms in the works of Irving Layton, George Bowering, and Phyllis Webb.
1,870 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the great variety of modern sonnet forms in the works of Irving Layton, George Bowering, and Phyllis Webb. It maintains that, by understanding the tenets of free verse that accompany fourteen lines presented in stanza formation, the poetry of Layton and Webb show a similarity in line structure, yet they often stray from the haiku form used by Webb. The paper points out that the poetry of Bowering offers a stilted lack of fourteen-line combinations, despite the rhyme scheme of the traditional sonnet form. At the same time, he offers a free verse sensibility that is modern in the forms used by Webb and Layton. In conclusion, the paper holds that all three of these poets project an individualistic and modern adaptation of the sonnet form.
From the Paper
"George Bowering's "Summer Solstice" provides a very similar usage of iambic pentameter, very much in line with Layton's style. However, the reliance on fourteen line verses are missing from Bowering's organization of poems overall parts. The first part of the poem represents a distinct introduction that his poem is being based on the traditional fourteen-line sonnet, but this is the only recognizable aspect of the eleven parts he provides as a continuum of his overall form."
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"The Healthy House: How to Buy One, How to Build One, How to Cure a Sick One" by John Bower, 2002.
A discussion of the reference book on what needs to be done to ensure a healthy house.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 1 source, $ 127.95
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Abstract
Discusses the reference book on what needs to be done to ensure a healthy house. Defines a healthy home as one with good indoor air quality. Subsystems of a building and its materials and components; health hazards of each. Examples of three healthy houses. Sources, symptoms & treatments of unhealthy elements (lead, asbestos, etc).
From the Paper
"Introduction
The Healthy House (2001) by John Bower, is a very well organized reference work on almost everything that needs to be done to ensure a healthy home, i.e. a house with good indoor air quality, free of most gases, odors, particulates, or dust. This comprehensive work is good for anyone interested in living in a healthy home and is essential for anyone who is chemically sensitive or has suffered from sick building syndrome. First, John Bower introduces the reader to indoor air quality and other fundamentals. He then discusses the subsystems contained within a building and explains the different materials and components that go into building a house, specifically the health aspects of each. He follows up with detailed examples of three healthy houses along with a complete section of resource material..."
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The Privacy Rights of Individuals, 2005.
This paper discusses court cases, which deal with the privacy rights of individuals in the areas of homosexuality, drug testing, birth control and the right to die.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although everyone agrees that privacy rights of individuals should be protected by governmental laws, the extent of one's right to privacy has often been a matter of vast disagreement in the court system of the United States. The author points out that an individual's right to sexual privacy, including homosexuality, is an issue that has been brought before the courts repeatedly; "Bowers v. Hardwick" is a landmark case fought in 1986, which tested these boundaries. The paper relates that the United States Supreme Court has established that, to some extent, an individual does have a limited right to die: by citing "Griswold v. Connecticut" and even "Roe v. Wade", the court stated that, if the right to privacy is broad enough to include a woman's decision to terminate her pregnancy, it also provides a basis for the right to die.
From the Paper
"Drug testing is another issue that has been fiercely debated in the courts. With the increase of illegal drug use across the United States, many institutions have tried to institute a policy of random testing in order to combat the problem. Opponents of this policy claim that these random drug tests are an invasion of privacy rights and violate the Fourth Amendment, which protects against unreasonable searches. A group of parents challenged the Oklahoma school district's policy of random drug testing in front of the Supreme Court. The school district established a policy of random urine tests for students who want to join the marching band, academic team or any competitive extracurricular activity. In previous cases, the court had ruled that general urine testing required a warrant or some evidence of drug use. However, in a school setting, there is a lower expectation to privacy and in Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton in 1995, the Supreme Court ruled that drug testing for student athletes did not violate their privacy rights, since these students were the most at risk and could choose whether or not to participate in sporting activities."
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Supreme Court Striking Down Taboos, 2002.
A paper which discusses the rulings of the U.S. Supreme Court on two cases dealing with interracial marriage and gay rights.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the U.S. Supreme Court provided tangible direction in 1967?s 'Loving vs. Virginia' and in 1986?s 'Bowers vs. Hardwick'. The paper shows that by ruling against states? rights, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to prohibit interracial marriage in Loving but sided with Georgia in Bowers and ruled that the state statute prohibiting sodomy was constitutional -- striking gay rights a blow from which they only began to recover in 1996. The paper explores how these two cases had an immense impact on the historical progress of the twentieth century - the end of the century concerned itself primarily with equality and equal rights for various groups and these two cases were seminal in determining the course of the twenty-first century?s continuation of the quest for equal rights.
From the Paper
"Interracial marriages and gay rights represent much larger issues -- as if those issues are not large enough. American history since 1789 is one long debate between states? rights and federal powers. Those usually willing to effect change in favor of minority groups have clamored for federal powers to refuse states the right to marginalize certain groups. Those who prefer the conservative -- whether evangelical Christian or not -- viewpoint call for the federal government to stay out of states? regulations pertaining to hotbed issues like race and sexual orientation."
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Ambiguity in Literature, 2005.
This paper discusses the use of ambiguity in "A Short Story" by George Bowering, "Young Goodman Brown" by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and "A Sorrowful Woman" by Gail Godwin.
1,145 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while many writers lure their readers with vivid and detailed descriptions of the characters, plot, and setting in their stories to draw the reader into the book, others use ambiguity to force the readers to question their own views. The author points out that, in "A Short Story," Bowering leaves the ending purposely ambiguous in order to get the reader to think more about the "whys" than the "whats" of the plot. The paper relates that, in "Young Goodman Brown," Hawthorne never tells the reader if the character's experience is dream or reality; and, in "A Sorrowful Woman," Gail Goodwin presents a story that is already in progress.
From the Paper
"In "A Short Story", George Bowering uses a very broken layout to emphasize the elements of his story. The story is broken into parts titled setting, characters, protagonist, symbolism, conflict, dialogue, flashback, foreshadowing, plot, and theme. Using the first eight sections, Bowering builds to a dramatic climax in the "plot" segment. Donna, the protagonist, alludes to an abusive experience between her stepfather (Art) and herself in the recent past. Donna is hurt by her mother's defense of Art, and we find out that she is returning home after a long absence. Donna visits her mother, and Bowering writes "When Art propelled the bedroom door open, Donna was pointing a loaded shotgun at his head" (546). Then, "Donna turned a smooth quick arc, & shot her mother's face off." "
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?Fast Car? and ?Driving Lessons?, 2004.
An analysis of the social messages in Tracy Chapman?s song, ?Fast Car?, and Neal Bower?s poem, ?Driving Lessons?.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
Tracy Chapman?s song, ?Fast Car?, tells the story of lovers who desperately want to escape poverty, but can?t find a way out. Neal Bower?s poem, ?Driving Lessons?, discusses a son who is in the middle of his parents? unhappy marriage. This paper explains that, while they tell very different stories on the surface, the two are similar in theme and the type of imagery used. Both use driving as a metaphor, questioning the traditional idea of driving as freedom, instead seeing driving as a symbol of being trapped. Both ?Fast Car and ?Driving Lessons? deal with the inevitability of family obligation, and loneliness is a theme throughout the song and the poem.
From the Paper
"Unlike the traditional idea of the car as a means to freedom, both ?Fast Car? and ?Driving Lessons prove that one cannot drive away from problems. In ?Fast Car,? Chapman?s protagonist initially sees the car as a means of escape from her dreary, everyday life, but she soon realizes that her problems go deeper than immediate location. At first her lover?s fast car seem like the way to freedom, but she eventually realizes that this freedom is an illusion: ?You got a fast car/And we go cruising to entertain ourselves/You still ain't got a job/And I work in a market as a checkout girl? (Chapman). Despite the fast car and the physical ability to escape, she and lover remain mired in their poverty and cannot escape. In the end, the song?s protagonist gives up on the idea of driving to freedom: ?I'd always hoped for better/Thought maybe together you and me would find it/I got no plans/I ain't going nowhere/So take your fast car and keep on driving? (Chapman)."
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Anti-Sodomy Statutes, 2003.
An objective look at the impact of anti-sodomy laws on the general population as well as the gay, lesbian and bisexual communities in America.
2,618 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
Four states have outlawed homosexual sodomy specifically. The author discusses the impact that the laws, the general deterioration of the system and the issue of disrespect. The paper covers the containment of equal rights movements - specifically same-gender marriage, employment and parental rights - by use of sodomy laws as justification, as well as the the impacts of heterosexism. The author uses the analysis of homosexual interest groups in America to discuss the potential for repeal of these statutes and gives options for policy changes.
Outline
Introduction
History of Sodomy Laws
States with the Laws
Bowers and Lawrence
Level of Government
State Level
Harms of Anti-Sodomy Statutes
Penumbral Crimes
Equal Rights Denied
Employment
Marriage
Parental Rights
Heterosexism
Interest Groups
Lack of Representation
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Gandhi was once noted as saying, ?My notion of democracy is that under it the weakest shall have the same opportunities as the strongest? (Interfaith Alliance n. pag.). Yet in America, Gandhi?s vision of democracy is not being represented as he would have dreamed. When a large percentage of the population is deemed criminal merely by the nature of their sexual conduct, pluralism is undermined and equal rights are impossible to attain. The anti-sodomy laws that exist in America serve no true purpose ? they are rarely enforced and when they are, it is based on a pretext or prejudice. When weighing the costs and the benefits, the choice is an easy one to make. Anti-sodomy laws are used to deny rights and entrench heterosexism. These laws most likely remain in place because of the relative political weakness of gay and lesbian groups."
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Coleridge's Conversation Poems, 2008.
This paper analyzes the role of structure in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's conversation poems.
1,505 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how it is the structure Coleridge's conversation poems that makes them both unique as poetry and effective at conveying the Romantic philosophy. The paper focuses on "This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison" and "Frost at Midnight" and shows how these poems' effectiveness result from Coleridge's use of the poem's structure.
From the Paper
"The Romantic poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge is most commonly remembered for mysterious, drug-induced poetry as exemplified by The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. However, Coleridge also produced eight or so pieces that are shorter and more relaxed in tone, although serious in subject matter. These pieces - his conversation poems - were composed "as the expressions of feeling...occasioned by quite definite events" that he used to jump-start mental journeys on a stream of consciousness, in and out of imaginary worlds (Harper 1). It is the structure of the conversation poems that makes them both unique as poetry and effective at conveying the Romantic philosophy that 'one Life' connects man to nature, and that nature directly connects man to God."
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Coleridge as a Romantic Poet, 2003.
An analysis of the extent to which Samuel Taylor Coleridge fits the mantle of ?Romantic poet.?
1,543 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the qualities and criteria of romantic poetry and attempts to show how it is possible to compare and contrast the poetic style and subject matter of Coleridge?s poems,to these criteria in order to determine the extent to which he fits the description ?Romantic poet.? The poems analysed are ?Eolian Harp,? ?This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison? and ?Kubla Khan.? The paper then highlights Coleridge?s Gothic credentials, focusing in particular on ?Christabel.?
From the Paper
"An excellent example of innovation in the way that a poem is divided, and indeed of many other Romantic attributes, is This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison; it contains three sections of twenty, twenty-four and thirty four lines respectively, an irregular structure. The first section conveys a sense of lost opportunity; resigned to missing out on a walk with his friends, Coleridge, due to his heightened insecurities, initially wallows in self pity, an almost obligatory action in many of his autobiographical poems, ?Well, they are gone, and here I must remain / This lime-tree bower my prison!? This focus on, or reference to, the poet himself is an important feature of Romantic poetry and can also be seen in Lines, The Eolian Harp, and Reflections On Having Left a Place of Retirement. However, the second part of the first section and the entire second section show a complete change in spirits on the part of Coleridge, who begins to derive pleasure from imagining the natural beauty surrounding, and the enjoyment of, his friends as they walk. "
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Health Care System and Lawyers, 2006.
A discussion regarding the role of the lawyer in incidents of medical negligence.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the idea in the question "To what extent has the lawyer's role in bringing justice to patients injured by medical negligence actually been a cause of the crisis in our health care delivery system?". The paper finds that the problem with health care is not litigation but aspects of the system itself, as reflected in an article by Gibbs and Bower.
From the Paper
"America is facing a health care crisis on several levels, with one aspect being rising costs as well as a climate of fear that prevents medical personnel from doing all that they can to make the system more responsive. One aspect of this is the system of litigation doctors often face when they make a mistake, raising the following question: "To what extent has the lawyer's role in bringing justice to patients injured by medical negligence actually been a cause of the crisis in our health care delivery system?" The issue is raised by those who see high insurance costs for malpractice insurance and who cite large jury awards to plaintiffs who sue doctors or hospitals when a treatment fails."
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