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Bolivia, 2004.
An analysis of the economic dependency of Bolivia.
1,480 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the political and economic background of Bolivia. The paper describes Bolivia's long-standing economic dependency on America and the realization that this is an obstacle to the betterment of the future of the country. The neo-liberal path to capitalism is examined in the paper through an overview of the social, economic, and political problems of Bolivia.
From the Paper
"Bolivia is located in Central South America, to the South West of Brazil. (Bolivia, Geography) Bolivia will always continue to remain in a place where it is dependent on cocoa, on Washington, and under severe economic pressure from all sources, including the very shape of its political and its economic institutions. Even its new liberal model has come under pressure, and it is generally believed that this model would serve the purpose of a testing ground for the way in which it would cope with the ongoing problems of not only social but also political exclusion. Al Gore has categorically stated that Bolivia would be a perfect example of improvement and also that the 'entire world is marching on the Bolivian road', but the reality is that Bolivia is one of the poorest country in entire South America, and is faced with the very real problems of economic dependence, impoverishment and economic underdevelopment. Sanchez de Lozada remains loyal and faithful to Washington, but the fact is that this could in fact prove to be his undoing, as more and more Bolivians are coming to the realization that the United States of America has become an impediment to the betterment of their futures. (Nicholls, 2003)"
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Development in Bolivia, 2002.
An overview of social and economic development in the the country of Bolivia.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Bolivia is one of the most colorful and ethnically diverse countries of Latin America and how, despite its perpetual poverty, the nation has managed to emerge as a leader in economic innovation in the region. It examines how Bolivia is not an economically or politically stable country, but how it has made serious efforts to attain both over the last few years and how this characteristic makes it stand out among its other poor, struggling neighbors in the Latin world.
Outline
General Characteristics
Economic and Social Conditions
Development Effort and Changes
Water Privatization
From the Paper
"The fact that Bolivia is a poor country and suffers from all of the evils wrought on by poverty is one thing that comes to our attention when we initiate a research on this beautiful landlocked country. Yet poverty is not exactly the only problem that Bolivia suffers from. Bolivia has been a politically instable country ever since it became independent in 1825. Since then, it has encountered and endured more than 190 military coups and so-called revolutions (Columbia Encyclopedia, 2003) which played a major role in destroying the economic and political infrastructure of the country. While studying Bolivia, one cannot help but agree with the common observation that political unrest is usually the biggest cause of economic instability in any country or region."
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Healthcare in Bolivia, 2006.
A discussion of the types of illnesses and health disorders common to those in Bolivia and a look at the availability of healthcare and sources of funding.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights issues in Bolivia relating to health, illness and disease such as malnutrition, malaria and assorted other illnesses and mortality rates. The paper also discusses the availability of healthcare in the country based on number of beds registered and problems registering practitioners and facilities in the country. Finally, the paper discusses the types of healthcare funding in the country.
From the Paper
"With a total population of 8,808,000 people as cited by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005 for the year ended 2002, by Western standards healthcare in Bolivia is a travesty. According to Maija Kagis the infant and child mortality rates and those for adult women are higher than any other Latin American country. Robles, Munoz and Chawla (1) tell us that 90% of the rural dwellers in Bolivia, which comprise 42% of the population, have poor access to drinking water or health services."
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The Privatization of Water Resources in Bolivia, 2005.
Discusses the privatization of state-owned water companies in Bolivia as the government's solution to the extreme lack of access to water.
4,256 words (approx. 17.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
Bolivia as a nation, and more specifically, the Cochabamba Valley as a region, have had significant problems recently with the lack of access to safe water resources, exacerbated by the pervasiveness of abject poverty of both the country and the region. This paper shows that the privatization of water services has been implemented as a solution to this lack of access, but so far, these reforms have been anything but successful, especially according to the majority of Bolivians. The paper shows that the results of privatization have included extreme increases in water prices, little improvement in expansion of access and extensive political protest, some of which became violent. However, the paper explains that the alternative of re-nationalization, or returning ownership and control of water resources to the state, has both potential benefits and drawbacks of its own.
From the Paper
"The policy of the privatization of Bolivia's water resources was implemented for many economic reasons, and was intended to improve upon the water industries already in place and under the ownership and control of the government. This issue has been characteristically unique from other types of privatization policies for one reason: the necessity of water for human beings to exist. Because of this universal human need for clean, drinkable water, many Bolivians claim that access to it is a right, rather than a privilege. Yet in the midst of a complete lack of alternative sources to safe water, some people will turn to possibly unsafe sources such as rainwater, lakes, and rivers. In the past, this has caused outbreaks of serious diseases such as cholera. In Bolivia, where the problem of poverty is extremely dire and millions of people cannot afford or obtain clean, safe water, the privatization of state-owned water companies has been the government's policy solution to the extreme lack of access to water."
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Bolivian President Ganzalo Sanchez de Lozada, 2005.
This paper discusses the politics of former Bolivia President Ganzalo Sanchez de Lozada and the country's history of political upheaval.
2,075 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that President Ganzalo Sanchez de Lozada, who believed that building a $5 billion pipeline to export natural gas through Bolivia into the U.S and Mexico via a port in Chile would boost Bolivian economy, resigned after the massacre at El Alto when the people of Bolivia rebelled believing this plan would exploit their natural resources with little monetary return. The author points out that Bolivia's history is saturated with violence and political upheaval as they struggle to remain a viable state in which Bolivia's politics has been directly determined by their economic position as the poorest country in Latin America. The paper concludes that Lozada's ideals are commendable in that he wanted to liberate Bolivia socially and boost the economy, but, in a country where people face starvation daily, perhaps capitalism is the wrong solution because the Bolivian economy is not able to sustain a free market.
From the Paper
"The Andean people suffered economically, while President Lozada and President Bush took credit for the progress in the war against drugs. However, consumed with terrorist threats and the war in Iraq, the Bush administration soon neglected the war on drugs and coca plant cultivation began to reemerge. Burning coca fields did little to end the abuse of cocaine in the United States. Instead, it has encouraged civil unrest and devastating poverty in Bolivia. In 1996, when the Bolivian government proposed a five-year plan to eliminate coca production, the number of patients admitted to the emergency room who were suffering from a drug overdose in the United States had risen. There seems to be little relationship between the amount of coca supply and the percentage of people using cocaine. But, as the coca fields were destroyed thousands of Bolivians faced starvation."
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"The Fall of Che Guevara", 2002.
An analysis of Henry B. Ryan's book "The Fall of Che Guevara", which defines Guevara's insurgency efforts in Bolivia.
3,250 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Henry Butterfield Ryan's book, "The Fall of Che Guevara," an analysis of Che Guevara?s insurgency. The paper shows that Guevara, while falling short of his goal in Bolivia, was still a remarkable man so that even in his mistakes he had the courage to follow his ideals. The author finds that this point is clarified in: I)Reasoning behind Che Guevara?s placement in Bolivia; II)Che Guevara?s physical location; III)The effects of the Bolivian Communist Party on the guerrilla movement; IV)The U.S. view on the insurgency in Bolivia; V)Spies, Soldiers, and Diplomats in The Fall of Che Guevara; and VII)Guevara in the classroom.
From the Paper
?? (I)n Order to form a more perfect union?,? the preamble to the Constitution of the United States intimates what its founding fathers knew from the beginning. There is, and wouldn?t ever be, a perfect union. Perfection is something to strive for, even though it cannot be reached. There is no definition of this perfect union. Is perfection to be strived for only within our borders? What about those countries we deal with? Is it easier to find perfection when it is compared to imperfection? We have relations with the South American country of Bolivia, and consequently, with those that govern it or try to change the way it is governed. One of the individuals that tried to change the way Bolivia, to a more perfect union, in his eyes, was Che Guevara. The American view of him, as well as his efforts, is of pure imperfection. After all, how can a fight for communism, a principle which so vehemently violates ours of democracy, be remotely considered as perfect? In his book, The Fall of Che Guevara, Henry Butterfield Ryan, while conceding that his insurgency was anything but perfect, Guevara was a remarkable man. Most would not agree that communism is any form of perfection, but Guevara saw it as more perfect than what was already in Bolivia. He was fighting for a principle that the U.S. was founded on, whether or not his interpretation of the word ?perfect? is something most agree with matters not."
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Water Privatization in South America, 2005.
A comparison of water privatization in Bolivia and Argentina.
3,897 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the privatizations of water in both Bolivia and Argentina have not improved the general population's access to safe, healthy water. It looks at how to the contrary, it has harmed thousands of people in these countries, with the poorest citizens being affected by the worst of privatization's damages. It also discusses how a large number of Bolivians and Argentines are still strongly opposed to the ownership of water companies by private corporations and instead favor at least a limited government rule in their maintenance, service and regulation.
From the Paper
"The single major turning point in the anti-water privatization campaign in Argentina occurred in January of 1996, when the water from faucets in Tucuman changed from clear to very dark for a whole month, which caused many of the province's residents to participate actively in the "stop payment" grassroots political movement. The Tucuman provincial government fined Agua del Aconquija and forced it to discount that month's water bill, and even started to consider severing ties with the company due to their exorbitant tariffs, low quality service, and suspicions of corruption of Tucuman politicians throughout the process of water privatization. "
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Acculturation and Transculturation, 2004.
An examination of how acculturation and transculturation affect societies, focusing on Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia, and the Dominican Republic.
873 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly defines these two concepts and examines how they apply to the societies of Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia, and the Dominican Republic. The writer defines acculturation as the process by which a culture is transformed due to massive adoption of cultural traits from another society. Transculturation is defined as a mutual sharing of cultures.
From the Paper
"Perhaps one of the most clear-cut examples of transculturation is that of Mexican culture. This culture evolved from the pairing of Spanish settlers and the native inhabitants of present day Mexico, particularly the Mayas and the Aztecs. Unlike many other attempts at European colonization, the Spanish settlements in Mexico did not (at least in the long run) attempt to ?filter out? native culture (?Mexico?). Instead, the culture of the original inhabitants were embraced, and likewise, so was that of their European counterparts (?Mexico?). The match resulted in a very unique identity that we know today as ?Mexican.? "
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U.S. Drug Policy, 1991.
This paper discusses the United States' foreign drug policy in Peru, Bolivia and Colombia, and the responses of those nations to that policy: Goals, implementation, economic and military issues, guerilla actions and corruption.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 10 sources, $ 103.95
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From the Paper
"This paper will be concerned with the United States' foreign drug policy in Peru, Bolivia and Colombia, as well as with the responses of those nations to that policy. The United States' current foreign drug policy is built out of the realization that the majority of drugs consumed domestically are produced in other nations. Cocaine is one of the most threatening drugs on America's domestic scene at this time. Peru is the world's leading grower of the coca leaf, with Bolivia running a close second. The bulk of this crop is shipped to Colombia, where it is manufactured into finished cocaine for North American and other foreign markets. The government of the United States realizes that it must take steps to stop this flow of cocaine through these Latin American countries if it is to also stop the current drug crisis which faces its own people."
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Women's Organizations, 2006.
This paper examines the status of women's organizations in Bolivia and Chile and their collapse in the early 1990s.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that we can identify political and economic conditions that gave rise to the success of those organizations in the years leading up to 1989. The paper explains further that understanding the historical patterns that facilitated the development of those organizations, it is evident why the organizations subsequently faltered in the face of traditional political organization in the 1990s.
From the Paper
"The question before us is why exactly the women's organizations that enjoyed relative success in both Bolivia and Chile between 1973 and 1989 suffered sudden organizational collapse once traditional political parties began reasserting themselves in those nations in the early 1990s. Superficially, this appears a very straightforward question. However, to treat it as such belies the fact that some women's organizations have flourished in the years since traditional political restructuring (Women of Chile, 1993)."
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"Politics Of The Chaco Peace Conference, 1935-1939" ( Leslie B Bout, Jr ), 1999.
A critical analysis of this work on the conference settling the war between Paraguay and Bolivia.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction.
The Americas have seen much military action in the past hundred years. However, the Chaco War, fought between Paraguay and Bolivia from 1932 to 1935, has the distinction of being the only formal war fought between American national states in the 20th century. Accordingly, the treaty that ended the war is the hemisphere's only experience of a peace negotiation aimed at ending a war between American states. In Politics of the Chaco Peace Conference, 1935-1939, Leslie B. Bout, Jr., gives an account of the peace process that brought the Chaco War to an end.
That process was a long and frustrating one; as the dates show, the peace conference lasted longer than the military phase of the war it was intended to end. On the other hand, the ..."
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Museum Anthropology, 2007.
This paper discuses the impact of new technologies on the practice of museum anthropology.
1,610 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that new technologies are impacting the practice of museum anthropology by making possible a more accurate interpretation of what ancient objects are really saying, by removing long-held misconceptions, and by enabling museum anthropologists to get much closer to the real story told by these silent artifacts. The author points out that the invention of photography has made possible different kinds of exhibitions, while the invention of x-rays, combined with sophisticated computer analysis of these x-rays, has made possible a more informed understanding of what exhibit artifacts really mean. The paper relates that archaeologists, anthropologists, engineers, mathematicians and computer scientists are working together at the ancient site of Tiwanaku, Bolivia, to develop a large, subsurface surveying project that will attempt to identify artifacts before they are actually collected.
From the Paper
"Yet this was just the beginning of the ways in which technology would shape and frame the discourses engaged in by museum anthropologists. While the possibility of collections of photographs made possible a particular kind of exhibition, more recent advances have made possible a deeper insight into what the exhibitions actually mean. For example, the Krapina Neanderthal fossil bone collection was found in August, 1899, in caves in Croatia. It has long been thought that the collection was a relic of an ancient group of hominids that died out because they were weaker than other groups."
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Che Guevara: The Unsuccessful Revolutionary, 2006.
A critical look at Che Guevara's life as a revolutionary, more specifically, his intentions and the outcome of his actions and their effects.
2,814 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
Che's post-"Motorcycle Diaries" life as a revolutionary is reviewed from his first encounter with resistance in Guatemala to his successful revolt in Cuba to his execution in Bolivia. Topics including Che's beliefs and ideologies, his revolution attempts and the immediate and indirect effects of his actions are explored through Che's own writings and a host of factual and opinionated reviews from Che's time to the present day. After thorough review of the topic, a look is taken at the range of contemporary opinion held about Che and specific viewpoints are highlighted. Finally, a conclusion is drawn in comparison and contrast to contemporary views, finding that Che's intentions were indeed admirable, however the effect of his efforts was sub-par.
From the Paper
"Che believed that for capitalism to be crushed, a complete social revolution, a worldwide uprising and cooperative movement of the working class would be necessary: "it must be defeated in a world confrontation" ("Che":Wikiquote). As later revealed in a public speech in the Algers, Che also believed that unless the soviets and other major communist powers were prepared to give unconditional support to reforming third-world countries (resulting in a loss for their own countries) they were no better than the profit-seeking imperialists themselves (Che 127). Making this particular speech worsened his relations with Russia (James 131), then allies of Cuba, but stands as testament to Che's unwillingness to curb his beliefs against the powerful, even if it meant scrutinizing allies. Necessary to fighting for a good cause is the unwillingness to compromise that cause."
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Klaus Barbie - American Intelligence Asset, 2006.
A look at the evidence that Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie was helped by the United States.
2,042 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Klaus Barbie, the infamous "Butcher of Lyons," was an American intelligence asset in the years directly after World War Two. It looks at how both historical documents and the United States government admit that Barbie was used as an informant and how they helped smuggle him and his family to Bolivia, where he escaped justice until 1983.
Outline:
Introduction
A Brief History of Klaus Barbie's Wartime Activities
Barbie's Work as an Informant for the Counter Intelligence Corps
Reasoning Behind the Use of Barbie as an Intelligence Asset
Barbie Becomes a Liability
The Decision to Protect Barbie
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Barbie's fate was the subject of contention between Region XII (the division running Barbie) and CIC headquarters. Headquarters wanted Barbie dropped as an informant; Region XII responded strongly with a case for his continued utilisation. They attacked the case against him by arguing that he was too skillful an interrogator to need to resort to violence. CIC headquarters dropped the matter. At the trial of Rene Hardy in 1950, Barbie's depositions were read into the record, making public for the first time that Barbie was in the US zone being protected by US authorities. His name appeared on the Search and Arrest list used by the German police in the American zone. "Suspending his activities, they nevertheless kept him on the payroll in order to keep him under control and under cover while a frantic debate went on as to his disposition." The CIC faced an unappetizing choice: turn Barbie over and risk the exposure of the CIC's organization and tactics to the French, which the CIC considered equivalent to turning him over to the Soviets, or getting rid of him. "
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Religion and Culture, 2004.
This paper presents brief descriptions of three religions, Roman Catholic, Christian Scientist, and Buddhist, and the culture of three countries, Spain, Vietnam, and India.
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the religion of Christian Science impacts the health care of religionists because Christian Scientists generally choose not to consult doctors, use medicine, and even refuse vaccines unless mandated by law. The author points out the extensive influence of the Spanish culture, with Roman Catholicism as the main religion that is prevalent in Spain and several other countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Columbia, Cuba, Chile, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Equatorial Guinea, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The paper relates that the main religion practiced in India is Hinduism, though India has large population segments that follow the Christian and Islamic faiths. The most commonly followed traditions are those that are linked to popular Hindu festivals, such as Diwali or the festival of lights, which is celebrated every year to mark the anniversary of Lord Ram?s return to Ayodhya from exile.
Table of Contents
Religions
Roman Catholic
Christian Scientist
Buddhism
Cultures
Spain
Vietnam
India
From the Paper
"The Roman Catholic religion believes in the Holy Trinity of a creator God the Father; Jesus Christ, His Son; and the Holy Spirit. Other beliefs that characterize the religion are the original sin; the forgiveness of sin; the second coming of the Lord; and life after death. Given its belief in sin, the religion offers the hope of salvation through its sacraments and baptism. Infant baptism is encouraged to erase the original sin and as a start to a spiritual life through the Church. In addition, the Roman Catholic Church holds that the mass is a continuation of the sacrifice made by Christ and thus teaches the doctrine of transubstantiation or that the bread and wine at communion actually become the body and blood of Christ. Generally, the religion has no dietary restrictions. However, it advocates abstaining from meat and meat products on Ash Wednesday and the Fridays of the month of Lent."
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