| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "BILINGUAL EDUCATION": |
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Bilingual Education and the American Dream, 2004.
This paper examines the how bilingual education affects our society, along with exploring the history of bilingual education.
2,062 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper uses history, the legal issues concerning bilingual education, the moral issues concerning bilingual education, effective bilingual programs, and examples of success to form an argument for the use of bilingual education.
From the Paper
"The United States has always been a country where one could go to escape tyranny and persecution, and start a new, prosperous life. However this age old right of immigrants is in danger. Now the US is still very accepting of immigrants, but starting a prosperous life is in jeopardy because of cuts in the bilingual education programs. Although a legal and mandatory program, bilingual education has come under scrutiny and many programs have been cut, even in many states that have a substantial non-English speaking population. Bilingual Education is not a new idea; according to Dr. Perry Castelli, in their book Social Foundations of American Education (2000) there have been forms of the program ever since the 1800s ( 229). However, there was not an outcry for official bilingual education laws until the 1960s, mainly because immigrants were less concerned with education and more concerned with starting a new life (Castelli 2000). This has all changed in today?s world. According to Judy Davis Smith in her article ?The New Immigrant Students Need More than ESL? (2004) ?between the years 1991 and 1999, the number of language minority school-aged children who are now living in the United States rose from 8 million to 15 million? (Davis 21). We cannot afford to have all of these children go through life without an education. According to The Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education (1998), Bilingual Education also allows students of all backgrounds and education levels to learn English through four different types of programs: Two-Way bilingual education, Late-Exit Transitional Bilingual education, Early-exit Transitional Bilingual education, and ESL Pull-out programs. This certainly shows the level of dedication to the bilingual education programs and the willingness to educate all children. In the United States today there is a growing need for more bilingual education programs, but instead many programs have been cut and more non-English speaking students have been left to fend for themselves. This should not be the case. Instead we should expand our bilingual education programs, and instead of trying to get rid of them, try and fix them because the futures of many children?s lives are at stake."
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Bilingual Education, 2005.
A look at bilingual education in the classroom and the arguments that favor and oppose bilingual education.
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper first provides background information about bilingual classes and an evaluation of the current bilingual education situation. The paper also looks at arguments both for and against bilingual education. Finally, this paper seeks to prove that bilingual education in its current form must be reformed or eliminated.
From the Paper
"An article found in ERIC digest explains that bilingual classes can be classified as either late transition or early transition classrooms. The classification depends on the students? ability to learn in English speaking classrooms. Programs that are classified as early exit are based on the students? ability to speak English proficiently. In the late transition programs the students must be able to read and write English proficiently to be place in a mainstream classroom. (McKeon)"
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Pro's and Con's of Bilingual Education, 2007.
This paper examines various opinions and research on bilingual education in the United States.
2,458 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates bilingual educational, and evidence that both supports and undermines specific didactic methods. Problems with bilingual education are also be addressed. Special attention is paid to bilingual immersion as a language acquisition tool, and is compared with other bilingual education methods. Additionally, the discussion addresses key issues regarding the failures and problems in bilingual education in the state of California.
Methods in Bilingual Education
Problems and Failures in Bilingual Education
Conclusions
From the Paper
"There is significant need for effective methods in the teaching of America's growing number of English learners, students who must learn English as a second language. Estimates cite 4.6 million English learners in American public schools in 2000-2001 (Rodriguez, & Higgins 2005). Immense effort and research has addressed this problem, yet many students still struggle. The current status of English learner debate centers on the positive and negative aspects of bilingual programs versus programs that do not use a student's native language in instruction. To be considered a bilingual program, a method must incorporate both the English language and native language of the student into the school instruction. Bilingual programs come in many forms, with varying levels of native language use and English use. Depending on implementation methods and structure, bilingual programs also have varying levels of success."
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Bilingual Education, 2006.
This literature review examines current trends in bilingual education.
1,408 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explores recent trends and controversy regarding bilingual education and examines various methods for providing bilingual education. Additionally, recent educational trends in this field are discussed, including two-way bilingual education, integrated bilingual education, two-way immersion, and transitional bilingual. Issues such as preserving the students' native culture and language as well as their growth in both the native language and the newly acquired language are examined.
Outline:
Introduction
Differing Methods of Bilingual Instruction
English Only Mandates
Loss of Native Language
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Bilingual Education ideally encompasses dual language learning that can take on any number of forms (Jarvis, 2006). The vast majority of research supports bilingual education as a necessity to facilitate not only learning on non-native speakers of English, but as a tool to maintain and promote heritage language and culture (Adams & Jones 2006; Combs et.al., 2005; de Jong, 2006; Hasson, 2006; Jarvis, 2006; Lee, 2006; Lopez & Tashakkori, 2006; Moses, 2000; Nora, 2000;). While research continues to indicate the benefits of bilingual education there has been recent influx of "English-only" mandates (Adams & Jones, 2006, Combs et. al., 2005; Lee, 2006; Moses, 2000) which perpetuate injustice manifesting itself in various ways throughout the educational experience of English language learners (ELL) (Adams & Jones, 2006; Combs et. al., 2005; Hasson, 2006; Moses, 2000)."
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Bilingual Education, 2004.
This paper discusses the idea that the problem with bilingual education is not the theory, but rather the manner in which it is being implemented, which should be reevaluated.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the initiatives taken by California, Arizona, and Massachusetts to replace bilingual education with English immersion programs are perhaps understandable in the light of mixed research findings on the efficacy of bilingual education. The author points out that there is a far stronger case for retaining and persisting with the system of bilingual education because pedagogical practice has now proven that instruction in children?s native languages ultimately pays dividends in cognitive and academic skills. The paper relates that, unfortunately, it appears that many bilingual programs and educators may have become more concerned with teaching young immigrant children their native language and culture than with teaching them English so that they could be successfully absorbed into mainstream schools.
From the Paper
"Indeed, removing the effect of ideological issues will allow for a sharper analysis of the case for or against bilingual education, including a retracing of the reasons going in its favor such as the fact that the desirability of bilingual education has been repeatedly proven in a wide body of scholarly research. For one, there is the undeniable fact that children who receive educational instruction in a second language experience considerable difficulties in school of both an academic as well as a social acceptance and self-esteem nature. Secondly, as pointed out in a pioneering study by UNESCO, the fact is that the native language is the best medium for initial instruction as it is the primary medium through which a child learns about his or her cultural environment."
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Bilingual Education, 2004.
Position paper on the advantages of bilingual education.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This is a position paper on the advantages of bilingual education. The different educational models of bilingual education are looked at, as well as the opportunities provided by bilingual education to students with limited English proficiency. The paper also examines the controversy surrounding bilingual education.
From the Paper
"Bilingual education programs have been a fixture in the American public education system for many decades. However an enormous amount of controversy surrounds bilingual education which includes a variety of different educational ..."
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Bilingual Education, 2005.
Reviews the article "Opposition to Bilingual Education: Prejudice or the Defense of Realistic Interests?" by L. Huddy and D.O. Sears.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that predicting the effect of bilingual education on student outcomes, using the work by Huddy and Sears ("Opposition to Bilingual Education: Prejudice or the Defense of Realistic Interests?") is problematical. The authors investigated the bases for parental prejudice against bilingual education but they did not investigate in any detail what the educational outcomes might be for the children involved. The paper shows that the authors made only incidental reference to the possibility that Latino, African-American or other minority students-or even Anglos-might experience diminished educational outcomes in the presence, or for that matter absence, of bilingual education. In fact, they were not investigating outcomes per se; they were investigating the source of prejudice.
From the Paper
"Huddy and Sears concluded that the deepest opposition to bilingual education resulted from perceived realistic interest. They found that both parents and non-parents who perceived that programs were in competition for limited resources for education were most likely to oppose bilingual education. In addition, they noted that those parents who believed bilingual education was not of benefit to their children also opposed it."
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Bilingual Education, 2005.
A look at the benefits of bilingual education.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the pros of bilingual education in New York public schools. As part of the discussion, the paper examines the following four language programs available in New York: two-way bilingual education, transitional bilingual education, English as a Second Language (ESL) and English immersion program.
From the Paper
"Over the last five years, educators in the New York City public school system have begun to acknowledge the need for schools to offer increased program choice for the wide variety of English Language Learners (ELLs) entering the New York City public school system. Current language programs in New York can be classified under four categories: two-way bilingual programs, transitional bilingual education, English as a Second Language (ESL) and English immersion programs. Due to the shortage of funding and qualified teachers the majority of ELLs has..."
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Bilingual Education Acts of 1968 and 1974, 2006.
A discussion on the implications of the Bilingual Education Act for classrooms and students.
866 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the background and history of the Bilingual Education Act of 1968, as well as the amendments made to it in 1974, in the United States. The paper examines their contents, and discusses their implication for English language learners (ELL) classrooms and students.
Table of Contents:
Background and History
The Bilingual Education Act of 1968
The 1974 Amendment to the Bilingual Education Act
Implications of Title VII
From the Paper
"In 1967, Senator Yarborough of Texas introduced a bill in the Congress proposing to provide federal assistance to school districts specifically for LESA students. Although its scope was initially limited to Spanish-speaking students, the initiative led to the passing of a wide-ranging bill that became known as Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) or the Bilingual Education Act, which was signed into law by President Johnson in January 1968. The Act provided federal funds directly to school districts for developing special educational programs and provision of materials for students with limited English abilities, training for teachers, and parent involvement projects (ibid; Escamilla, 1989.)."
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Should Bilingual Education Programs Be Abandoned?, 2004.
This paper evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of various bilingual education programs.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews bilingual education programs, including transitional bilingual education, English as a Second Language (ESL), structured immersion, submersion, and two-way or dual immersion. The author states that the National Council of Teachers of English found no research evidence to support the idea that non-English-speaking children will read, write, and do academic work in English better if first they learn to read write and do academic work in their home language. The paper concludes that bilingual education blocks the assimilation and advancement of minority students; therefore, to avoid such situations, students should be placed in English-only classes.
From the Paper
"However, not all communities are able to provide their language ? minority students with such programs. As a result, a significant number of English -language learners are unable to accomplish well academically. Additionally, schools need sufficient funding from the government for recourses, programs and textbooks that will help minority students succeed academically. The costs of bilingual programs for minority students are estimated to be $5.5 billion, and for ESL $1.9 billion in. On the contrary, intensive English programs do not require so much funding. Besides, research shows that these programs are much more successful then bilingual programs in providing competency for non-native language learners."
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Bilingual Education, 2002.
Discusses the pros and cons of bilingual education in the United States.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
Discusses the pros and cons of Bilingual education in the United States. Importance of English proficiency to the overall learning process. Problems with English-As-A-Second-Language instruction. Necessity of accountability to boith immersion & bilingual progams. Problem of different meanings in different states regarding bilingual education programs. Contends that the ideal means of bilingual education should be a transitional one.
From the Paper
"Bilingual education is a "hot" issue in California, so much so that Pro. 227 in 1998 put the issue of bi-lingual education up to the voters. The so-called Umz Initiative against bi-lingual education passed by a margin of 61% to 39%. However, there continue to be those who believe it is necessary, at least temporarily, to bring foreign-born students up to speed, while the opponents claim that English should be the national language, and until children are proficient in English, their ability to drop back to speaking another language hinders the overall learning process. These people are not against education for all, but insist that the education be in English. This would then mean some sort of remedial schools or classrooms where foreign-language..."
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Bilingual Education, 2006.
This paper discusses the benefits and deficiencies of bilingual education.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that bilingual education has become increasingly accepted as a necessary part of today's educational culture. The writer examines both the benefits and deficiencies of bilingual education. The paper is also used to present some discussion on the ability to assess success in a bilingual education program.
From the Paper
"Evidence of benefits do exist for bilingual education, including increased student self-esteem, improved sociocultural understanding, and reading and writing proficiency in both the students' original language and their adopted English language. However, evidence also exists that bilingual education does not work for many students. Commonly discussed deficiencies in bilingual education include a lack of English proficiency at graduation, the failure to transition from the student's native tongue to English, and the inability to provide "authentic" bilingual education to students from a variety of cultures."
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Bilingual Education, 2006.
This paper discusses the urgent need for bilingual education to bring foreign-born students up to the level of their American born counterparts.
2,497 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the various reasons why bilingual education is not only necessary but also effective. The writer of this paper stresses the need for bilingual education as a step to wean students from their native language as effectively as possible and to get them into the educational mainstream. Critics of bilingual education believe that non-English speaking students are not sufficiently mastering the English language and as a result low test scores prove that education is failing them in both their native as well as their second language.
From the Paper
"For children in primary, secondary, or even college level grades, as well as for their parents, bilingual education is a "must". Money must be found to develop and maintain a number of such bilingual programs. Bilingual education is, to repeat, a transitional step to wean school children from their native language, as effectively as possible, and to get them into the educational mainstream."
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Bilingual Education and Arab-Americans, 2002.
A discussion of the original purpose of bilingual educational programs as primarily for Spanish speaking children.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, $ 95.95
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Abstract
Discusses original purpose of bilingual educational programs as primarily for Spanish speaking children. Development of a transitional model not based on a pedagogical foundation. Deveopment of a new model of dual immersion that is based on neurological research. Court decision re: binlingual programs. Cites problems of bilingual education today. Centers on bilingual education in the context of the Arab-American community. ESL studies. Special needs of Arabic speaking children; lack of teachers proficient in Arabic and English.
From the Paper
"Bilingual Education and the Arab-American Community
Introduction
Bilingual education programs were initiated in the United States and intended to be ?transitional in that their goal was to facilitate the rapid movement of non-English speaking students into mainstream classroom. Luisa Garro (p. 5) claims that these programs were created in the late 1960s and the early 1970s in response to legislation and court orders requiring schools to provide an education in a child?s native language. The transitional model was developed rapidly and without much pedagogical foundation.
A new model known as dual immersion is emerging in bilingual education (Garro, p. 5). This model is based on neurological research suggesting that the window of opportunity for..."
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Bilingual Education, 2002.
Shows the arguements for and against bilingual education in the American educational system.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Bilingual education programs set up to provide support to non-English-speaking children allow immigrant children to keep up with studies in other academic subjects while they work on their English skills. The paper shows that the controversy over the effectiveness of bilingual education programs continues to rage in the community as educators attempt to find ways to accommodate the needs of the increasing numbers of immigrant children. Thus far, there is no conclusive evidence that bilingual education programs or other strategies provide the best education for immigrant children. The paper discusses how past experiences have shown that immigrant children from different parts of the world perform differently in response to particular strategies. Socio-economic backgrounds of the immigrant children may also be a decisive factor in determining the outcome of the children?s success. The paper concludes that it is ultimately up to the parents and educators to collaborate in order to provide an education that caters to the individualized needs of their children.
From the Paper
"However, critics of bilingual education point out that bilingual education programs have been an utter failure in enabling immigrant children to succeed in schools. Even after thirty years of implementation, there is still no indication that bilingual education programs work in helping non-English-speaking students succeed. They argue that immigrant children are still dropping out of schools in droves and few immigrant children transition to full English instruction classes (Rothstein, 1998, p. 672). According to these critics, the premise of bilingual education classes is a divisive concept that slows down the assimilation process of these immigrant children. By keeping children straddled between two worlds, bilingual education advocates are sabotaging the immigrant children?s chances of learning a sufficient level of English to allow them to survive in the workplace (Rothstein, 1998, p. 672). Immigrant children who are immersed in their native language at school and at home will not feel the incentive to tackle the difficult challenge of learning another language (Rothstein, 1998, p. 679)."
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